OPRPN Gene

Name opiorphin prepropeptide
Description This gene encodes a member of the proline-rich protein family. The encoded protein has multiple proposed functions, including roles in pain suppression, penile erection, and protection of the eye surface. The QRFSR pentapeptide, known as opiorphin, is derived from the N-terminal of this protein. Opiorphin inhibits the enkephalin-inactivating peptidases neprilysin and aminopeptidase N, and this activity is thought to reduce sensitivity to painful stimuli by effecting enkephalin-related activation of opioid-dependent pathways. Opiorphin may also act as an anti-depressant. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Nov 2014]
Summary
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Moreover, elevated opiorphin levels have been associated with increased pain thresholds, a finding that may contribute to our understanding of conditions such as non‐suicidal self-injury where higher opiorphin appears to correlate with altered pain perception."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "1"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n\n"}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\nBeyond its established role in nociception, members of the opiorphin gene family—such as ProL1—have been implicated in additional peripheral physiological processes. For instance, ProL1 has been explored for its potential to modulate erectile physiology, likely via its activity as a neutral endopeptidase inhibitor. Similarly, overexpression of opiorphin-related genes (including SMR3A and SMR3B) has been linked with the development of androgen‐insensitive prostate cancer by modulating key pathways involved in angiogenesis, steroid hormone response, and the cellular adaptation to hypoxic stress."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "3"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n\n"}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\nIn a separate but equally important research avenue, the mammalian Swi5–Sfr1 complex has been identified as a critical co-factor in homologous recombination repair of DNA double-strand breaks. This complex physically interacts with the Rad51 recombinase—specifically stabilizing the Rad51–ssDNA presynaptic filament—to promote efficient DNA strand invasion and pairing. Loss or perturbation of either Swi5 or Sfr1 sensitizes cells to genotoxic agents and compromises the repair process, underscoring the complex’s indispensable role in maintaining genomic integrity."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_fs", "start_ref": "5", "end_ref": "8"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n"}]}, {"type": "rg", "children": [{"type": "r", "ref": 1, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Anne Wisner, Evelyne Dufour, Michaël Messaoudi, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Human Opiorphin, a natural antinociceptive modulator of opioid-dependent pathways."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (2006)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1073/pnas.0605865103"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0605865103"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "17101991"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17101991"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 2, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Erdal Görkem Gavcar, Bürge Kabukçu Başay, Esin Avci, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Relationship between saliva opiorphin levels, pain threshold, and cutting number in adolescents with non suicidal self injury."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "J Psychiatr Res (2022)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1016/j.jpsychires.2022.05.030"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpsychires.2022.05.030"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "35636040"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35636040"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 3, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Yuehong Tong, Moses Tar, Arnold Melman, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "The opiorphin gene (ProL1) and its homologues function in erectile physiology."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "BJU Int (2008)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1111/j.1464-410X.2008.07631.x"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1464-410X.2008.07631.x"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "18410445"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18410445"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 4, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Amarnath Mukherjee, Augene Park, Li Wang, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Role of opiorphin genes in prostate cancer growth and progression."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Future Oncol (2021)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.2217/fon-2020-1299"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.2217/fon-2020-1299"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "33593085"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33593085"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 5, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Yufuko Akamatsu, Maria Jasin "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Role for the mammalian Swi5-Sfr1 complex in DNA strand break repair through homologous recombination."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "PLoS Genet (2010)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1371/journal.pgen.1001160"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.1001160"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "20976249"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20976249"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 6, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Shang-Pu Tsai, Guan-Chin Su, Sheng-Wei Lin, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Rad51 presynaptic filament stabilization function of the mouse Swi5-Sfr1 heterodimeric complex."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Nucleic Acids Res (2012)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1093/nar/gks305"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1093/nar/gks305"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "22492707"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22492707"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 7, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Guan-Chin Su, Hsin-Yi Yeh, Sheng-Wei Lin, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Role of the RAD51-SWI5-SFR1 Ensemble in homologous recombination."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Nucleic Acids Res (2016)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1093/nar/gkw375"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1093/nar/gkw375"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "27131790"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27131790"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 8, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Chih-Hao Lu, Hsin-Yi Yeh, Guan-Chin Su, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Swi5-Sfr1 stimulates Rad51 recombinase filament assembly by modulating Rad51 dissociation."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (2018)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1073/pnas.1812753115"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1812753115"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "30297419"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30297419"}]}]}]}
NCBI Gene ID 58503
API
Download Associations
Predicted Functions View OPRPN's ARCHS4 Predicted Functions.
Co-expressed Genes View OPRPN's ARCHS4 Predicted Functions.
Expression in Tissues and Cell Lines View OPRPN's ARCHS4 Predicted Functions.

Functional Associations

OPRPN has 896 functional associations with biological entities spanning 5 categories (chemical, functional term, phrase or reference, disease, phenotype or trait, cell line, cell type or tissue, gene, protein or microRNA) extracted from 19 datasets.

Click the + buttons to view associations for OPRPN from the datasets below.

If available, associations are ranked by standardized value

Dataset Summary
Allen Brain Atlas Aging Dementia and Traumatic Brain Injury Tissue Sample Gene Expression Profiles tissue samples with high or low expression of OPRPN gene relative to other tissue samples from the Allen Brain Atlas Aging Dementia and Traumatic Brain Injury Tissue Sample Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
Carcinogenome Chemical Perturbation Carcinogenicity Signatures small molecule perturbations changing expression of OPRPN gene from the Carcinogenome Chemical Perturbation Carcinogenicity Signatures dataset.
CM4AI KOLF21J CRISPRi Gene Perturbation Atlas gene perturbations changing expression of OPRPN gene from the CM4AI KOLF21J CRISPRi Gene Perturbation Atlas dataset.
COMPARTMENTS Curated Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025 cellular components containing OPRPN protein from the COMPARTMENTS Curated Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025 dataset.
COMPARTMENTS Text-mining Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025 cellular components co-occuring with OPRPN protein in abstracts of biomedical publications from the COMPARTMENTS Text-mining Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025 dataset.
DISEASES Experimental Gene-Disease Association Evidence Scores 2025 diseases associated with OPRPN gene in GWAS datasets from the DISEASES Experimental Gene-Disease Assocation Evidence Scores 2025 dataset.
DISEASES Text-mining Gene-Disease Association Evidence Scores 2025 diseases co-occuring with OPRPN gene in abstracts of biomedical publications from the DISEASES Text-mining Gene-Disease Assocation Evidence Scores 2025 dataset.
GO Biological Process Annotations 2025 biological processes involving OPRPN gene from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations2025 dataset.
GO Molecular Function Annotations 2025 molecular functions performed by OPRPN gene from the curated GO Molecular Function Annotations 2025 dataset.
GTEx Tissue Gene Expression Profiles 2023 tissues with high or low expression of OPRPN gene relative to other tissues from the GTEx Tissue Gene Expression Profiles 2023 dataset.
JASPAR Predicted Human Transcription Factor Targets 2025 transcription factors regulating expression of OPRPN gene predicted using known transcription factor binding site motifs from the JASPAR Predicted Human Transcription Factor Targets dataset.
LINCS L1000 CMAP Chemical Perturbation Consensus Signatures small molecule perturbations changing expression of OPRPN gene from the LINCS L1000 CMAP Chemical Perturbations Consensus Signatures dataset.
MoTrPAC Rat Endurance Exercise Training tissue samples with high or low expression of OPRPN gene relative to other tissue samples from the MoTrPAC Rat Endurance Exercise Training dataset.
Rummagene Transcription Factor Associations 2026 transcription factors regulating expression of OPRPN gene from the Rummagene Transcription Factor Associations 2026 dataset.
RummaGEO Drug Perturbation Signatures drug perturbations changing expression of OPRPN gene from the RummaGEO Drug Perturbation Signatures dataset.
RummaGEO Gene Perturbation Signatures gene perturbations changing expression of OPRPN gene from the RummaGEO Gene Perturbation Signatures dataset.
TISSUES Curated Tissue Protein Expression Evidence Scores 2025 tissues with high expression of OPRPN protein from the TISSUES Curated Tissue Protein Expression Evidence Scores 2025 dataset.
TISSUES Experimental Tissue Protein Expression Evidence Scores 2025 tissues with high expression of OPRPN protein in proteomics datasets from the TISSUES Experimental Tissue Protein Expression Evidence Scores 2025 dataset.
TISSUES Text-mining Tissue Protein Expression Evidence Scores 2025 tissues co-occuring with OPRPN protein in abstracts of biomedical publications from the TISSUES Text-mining Tissue Protein Expression Evidence Scores 2025 dataset.