| HGNC Family | Cadherins |
| Name | protocadherin gamma subfamily B, 7 |
| Description | This gene is a member of the protocadherin gamma gene cluster, one of three related clusters tandemly linked on chromosome five. These gene clusters have an immunoglobulin-like organization, suggesting that a novel mechanism may be involved in their regulation and expression. The gamma gene cluster includes 22 genes divided into 3 subfamilies. Subfamily A contains 12 genes, subfamily B contains 7 genes and 2 pseudogenes, and the more distantly related subfamily C contains 3 genes. The tandem array of 22 large, variable region exons are followed by a constant region, containing 3 exons shared by all genes in the cluster. Each variable region exon encodes the extracellular region, which includes 6 cadherin ectodomains and a transmembrane region. The constant region exons encode the common cytoplasmic region. These neural cadherin-like cell adhesion proteins most likely play a critical role in the establishment and function of specific cell-cell connections in the brain. Alternative splicing has been described for the gamma cluster genes. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008] |
| Summary |
{"type": "root", "children": [{"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\nHINT1 (also known as PKCI/HINT1) is a small, evolutionarily conserved protein whose functions have been linked to tumor‐suppressor activity and the modulation of cellular responses to stress and DNA damage. Early studies revealed that although HINT1 is broadly expressed during development (PMID:"}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "1"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": ", its deletion has little impact on gross development yet results in cells with increased proliferative capacity, decreased senescence, and resistance to cytotoxic challenges. In carcinogen‐ and ionizing radiation‐induced models, loss of HINT1 enhances tumor incidence and malignancy, underscoring its haploinsufficient tumor suppressor role (PMID:"}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "2"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "; PMID:"}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "3"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "; PMID:."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "4"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " In addition, alterations in cellular lipid homeostasis and stress‐response pathways have been reported in HINT1‐deficient cells, while recent work has extended its functional scope to cardiac hypertrophy, suggesting that HINT1 may also regulate pathological responses in the heart (PMID:"}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "5"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "; PMID:."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "6"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n\n"}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\nIn the nervous system, HINT1 plays a critical role in regulating signal transduction at the interface between G protein–coupled receptors (GPCRs) and ionotropic glutamate receptors. It participates in the modulation of mu‐opioid receptor (MOR) function by facilitating the recruitment of protein kinase C isoforms in response to morphine, thereby contributing to receptor desensitization and tolerance (PMID:"}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "7"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "; PMID:"}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "8"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "; PMID:."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "9"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " HINT1 deficiency alters dopaminergic transmission and enhances behavioral responses to stimulants, while its modulation of postsynaptic pathways further links HINT1 to opioid and NMDA receptor cross‐talk (PMID:"}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "10"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "; PMID:"}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "11"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "; PMID:."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "12"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " Furthermore, altered expression and localization of HINT1 in the brain is associated with changes in anxiety, sensorimotor gating and other behaviors, and its presence influences key receptor systems including those mediating cannabinoid, dopamine, and glutamate neurotransmission (PMID:"}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "13"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "; PMID:"}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "14"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "; PMID:"}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "15"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "; PMID:"}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "16"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "; PMID:"}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "17"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "; PMID:"}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "18"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "; PMID:."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "19"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n\n"}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\nBehavioral studies further implicate HINT1 in the pathophysiology of psychiatric disorders and substance dependence. HINT1 gene variants and altered protein expression have been associated with mood dysregulation, anxiety, schizophrenia‐like behaviors, and nicotine dependence, reflecting its ability to modulate postsynaptic receptor function and intracellular signaling cascades including calcium‐dependent pathways. Recent work has also identified a role for HINT1 in regulating calcium homeostasis as well as sumoylation of key signaling proteins, suggesting that redox‐ and CaM–dependent mechanisms govern its activity in the brain. These multifaceted roles indicate that HINT1 contributes not only to the regulation of synaptic plasticity and reward pathways but also to the balance of cellular stress responses, ultimately influencing complex behavioral phenotypes (PMID:"}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "20"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "; PMID:"}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "21"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "; PMID:"}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "22"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "; PMID:"}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "23"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "; PMID:"}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "24"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "; PMID:"}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "25"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "; PMID:"}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "26"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "; PMID:"}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "27"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "; PMID:."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "28"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n"}]}, {"type": "rg", "children": [{"type": "r", "ref": 1, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Nina Korsisaari, Derrick J Rossi, Keijo Luukko, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "The histidine triad protein Hint is not required for murine development or Cdk7 function."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Mol Cell Biol (2003)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1128/MCB.23.11.3929-3935.2003"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1128/MCB.23.11.3929-3935.2003"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "12748294"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12748294"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 2, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Tao Su, Masumi Suzui, Lei Wang, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Deletion of histidine triad nucleotide-binding protein 1/PKC-interacting protein in mice enhances cell growth and carcinogenesis."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (2003)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1073/pnas.1332160100"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1332160100"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "12810953"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12810953"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 3, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "H Li, Y Zhang, T Su, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Hint1 is a haplo-insufficient tumor suppressor in mice."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Oncogene (2006)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1038/sj.onc.1209111"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.onc.1209111"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "16186798"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16186798"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 4, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Haiyang Li, Adayabalam S Balajee, Tao Su, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "The HINT1 tumor suppressor regulates both gamma-H2AX and ATM in response to DNA damage."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "J Cell Biol (2008)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1083/jcb.200711150"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1083/jcb.200711150"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "18852295"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18852295"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 5, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Diren Beyoğlu, Kristopher W Krausz, Juliette Martin, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Disruption of tumor suppressor gene Hint1 leads to remodeling of the lipid metabolic phenotype of mouse liver."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "J Lipid Res (2014)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1194/jlr.M050682"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1194/jlr.M050682"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "25193995"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25193995"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 6, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Yan Zhang, Qiang Da, Siyi Cao, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "HINT1 (Histidine Triad Nucleotide-Binding Protein 1) Attenuates Cardiac Hypertrophy Via Suppressing HOXA5 (Homeobox A5) Expression."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Circulation (2021)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.120.051094"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.120.051094"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "34098726"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34098726"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 7, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Elisabeth Barbier, Agustin Zapata, Eric Oh, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Supersensitivity to amphetamine in protein kinase-C interacting protein/HINT1 knockout mice."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Neuropsychopharmacology (2007)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1038/sj.npp.1301301"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.npp.1301301"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "17203012"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17203012"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 8, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Qing Liu, Adam C Puche, Jia Bei Wang "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Distribution and expression of protein kinase C interactive protein (PKCI/HINT1) in mouse central nervous system (CNS)."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Neurochem Res (2008)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1007/s11064-007-9578-4"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11064-007-9578-4"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "18270824"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18270824"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 9, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "María Rodríguez-Muñoz, Elena de la Torre-Madrid, Pilar Sánchez-Blázquez, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "NMDAR-nNOS generated zinc recruits PKCgamma to the HINT1-RGS17 complex bound to the C terminus of Mu-opioid receptors."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Cell Signal (2008)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1016/j.cellsig.2008.06.015"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cellsig.2008.06.015"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "18652891"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18652891"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 10, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Elisabeth Barbier, Jia Bei Wang "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Anti-depressant and anxiolytic like behaviors in PKCI/HINT1 knockout mice associated with elevated plasma corticosterone level."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "BMC Neurosci (2009)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1186/1471-2202-10-132"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2202-10-132"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "19912621"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19912621"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 11, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "K J Jackson, Q Chen, J Chen, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Association of the histidine-triad nucleotide-binding protein-1 (HINT1) gene variants with nicotine dependence."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Pharmacogenomics J (2011)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1038/tpj.2010.41"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1038/tpj.2010.41"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "20514075"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20514075"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 12, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "María Rodríguez-Muñoz, Elena de la Torre-Madrid, Pilar Sánchez-Blázquez, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "NO-released zinc supports the simultaneous binding of Raf-1 and PKCγ cysteine-rich domains to HINT1 protein at the mu-opioid receptor."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Antioxid Redox Signal (2011)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1089/ars.2010.3511"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1089/ars.2010.3511"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "21235400"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21235400"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 13, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Jeeva Varadarajulu, Maria Lebar, Gurumoorthy Krishnamoorthy, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Increased anxiety-related behaviour in Hint1 knockout mice."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Behav Brain Res (2011)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1016/j.bbr.2011.02.012"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbr.2011.02.012"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "21316396"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21316396"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 14, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "K J Jackson, J B Wang, E Barbier, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Acute behavioral effects of nicotine in male and female HINT1 knockout mice."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Genes Brain Behav (2012)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1111/j.1601-183X.2012.00827.x"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1601-183X.2012.00827.x"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "22827509"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22827509"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 15, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Ana Vicente-Sánchez, Pilar Sánchez-Blázquez, María Rodríguez-Muñoz, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "HINT1 protein cooperates with cannabinoid 1 receptor to negatively regulate glutamate NMDA receptor activity."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Mol Brain (2013)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1186/1756-6606-6-42"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1186/1756-6606-6-42"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "24093505"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24093505"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 16, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "María Rodríguez-Muñoz, Pilar Sánchez-Blázquez, Raquel Herrero-Labrador, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "The σ1 receptor engages the redox-regulated HINT1 protein to bring opioid analgesia under NMDA receptor negative control."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Antioxid Redox Signal (2015)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1089/ars.2014.5993"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1089/ars.2014.5993"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "25557043"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25557043"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 17, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Fan Zhang, Zhenfei Fang, Jia Bei Wang "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Hint1 knockout results in a compromised activation of protein kinase C gamma in the brain."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Brain Res (2015)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1016/j.brainres.2015.06.029"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.brainres.2015.06.029"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "26133792"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26133792"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 18, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Yong-Hui Dang, Peng Liu, Rui Ma, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "HINT1 is involved in the behavioral abnormalities induced by social isolation rearing."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Neurosci Lett (2015)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1016/j.neulet.2015.08.026"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neulet.2015.08.026"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "26300541"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26300541"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 19, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "María Rodríguez-Muñoz, Elsa Cortés-Montero, Andrea Pozo-Rodrigálvarez, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "The ON:OFF switch, σ1R-HINT1 protein, controls GPCR-NMDA receptor cross-regulation: implications in neurological disorders."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Oncotarget (2015)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.18632/oncotarget.6064"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.18632/oncotarget.6064"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "26461475"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26461475"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 20, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "K J Jackson, J B Wang, E Barbier, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "The histidine triad nucleotide binding 1 protein is involved in nicotine reward and physical nicotine withdrawal in mice."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Neurosci Lett (2013)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1016/j.neulet.2013.06.027"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neulet.2013.06.027"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "23810802"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23810802"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 21, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Fei Liu, Jing Ma, Peng Liu, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Hint1 gene deficiency enhances the supraspinal nociceptive sensitivity in mice."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Brain Behav (2016)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1002/brb3.496"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1002/brb3.496"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "27547499"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27547499"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 22, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Javier Garzón-Niño, María Rodríguez-Muñoz, Elsa Cortés-Montero, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Increased PKC activity and altered GSK3β/NMDAR function drive behavior cycling in HINT1-deficient mice: bipolarity or opposing forces."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Sci Rep (2017)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1038/srep43468"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1038/srep43468"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "28240305"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28240305"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 23, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Bai-Jia Li, Peng Liu, Zheng Chu, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Social isolation induces schizophrenia-like behavior potentially associated with HINT1, NMDA receptor 1, and dopamine receptor 2."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Neuroreport (2017)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1097/WNR.0000000000000775"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1097/WNR.0000000000000775"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "28410269"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28410269"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 24, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Elsa Cortés-Montero, María Rodríguez-Muñoz, Pilar Sánchez-Blázquez, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "The Axonal Motor Neuropathy-Related HINT1 Protein Is a Zinc- and Calmodulin-Regulated Cysteine SUMO Protease."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Antioxid Redox Signal (2019)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1089/ars.2019.7724"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1089/ars.2019.7724"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "31088288"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31088288"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 25, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Peng Liu, Gang Lei, Zheng Chu, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "The role of HINT1 in methamphetamine-induced behavioral sensitization."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Psychopharmacology (Berl) (2020)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1007/s00213-020-05538-4"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s00213-020-05538-4"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "32430517"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32430517"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 26, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Gang Lei, Fei Liu, Peng Liu, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Does genetic mouse model of constitutive Hint1 deficiency exhibit schizophrenia-like behaviors?"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Schizophr Res (2020)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1016/j.schres.2020.05.018"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.schres.2020.05.018"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "32439293"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32439293"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 27, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Yuan Zhou, Shao-Fu Li, Li-Sha Deng, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "HINT1 deficiency in aged mice reduces anxiety-like and depression-like behaviours and enhances cognitive performances."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Exp Gerontol (2022)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1016/j.exger.2021.111683"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.exger.2021.111683"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "34995725"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34995725"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 28, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Shohei Takahashi, Daisuke Fukuhara, Toru Kimura, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "USP40 deubiquitinates HINT1 and stabilizes p53 in podocyte damage."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Biochem Biophys Res Commun (2022)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1016/j.bbrc.2022.05.043"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbrc.2022.05.043"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "35605301"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35605301"}]}]}]}
|
| Synonyms | PCDH-GAMMA-B7, ME6 |
| Proteins | PCDGJ_HUMAN |
| NCBI Gene ID | 56099 |
| API | |
| Download Associations | |
| Predicted Functions |
![]() |
| Co-expressed Genes |
![]() |
| Expression in Tissues and Cell Lines |
![]() |
PCDHGB7 has 3,268 functional associations with biological entities spanning 8 categories (molecular profile, organism, functional term, phrase or reference, chemical, disease, phenotype or trait, structural feature, cell line, cell type or tissue, gene, protein or microRNA) extracted from 68 datasets.
Click the + buttons to view associations for PCDHGB7 from the datasets below.
If available, associations are ranked by standardized value
| Dataset | Summary | |
|---|---|---|
| Allen Brain Atlas Adult Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles | tissues with high or low expression of PCDHGB7 gene relative to other tissues from the Allen Brain Atlas Adult Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset. | |
| Allen Brain Atlas Adult Mouse Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles | tissues with high or low expression of PCDHGB7 gene relative to other tissues from the Allen Brain Atlas Adult Mouse Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset. | |
| Allen Brain Atlas Aging Dementia and Traumatic Brain Injury Tissue Sample Gene Expression Profiles | tissue samples with high or low expression of PCDHGB7 gene relative to other tissue samples from the Allen Brain Atlas Aging Dementia and Traumatic Brain Injury Tissue Sample Gene Expression Profiles dataset. | |
| Allen Brain Atlas Developing Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles by RNA-seq | tissue samples with high or low expression of PCDHGB7 gene relative to other tissue samples from the Allen Brain Atlas Developing Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles by RNA-seq dataset. | |
| Allen Brain Atlas Prenatal Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles | tissues with high or low expression of PCDHGB7 gene relative to other tissues from the Allen Brain Atlas Prenatal Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset. | |
| CCLE Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles | cell lines with high or low copy number of PCDHGB7 gene relative to other cell lines from the CCLE Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles dataset. | |
| CCLE Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles | cell lines with high or low expression of PCDHGB7 gene relative to other cell lines from the CCLE Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles dataset. | |
| ChEA Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles | transcription factor binding site profiles with transcription factor binding evidence at the promoter of PCDHGB7 gene from the CHEA Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles dataset. | |
| ChEA Transcription Factor Targets | transcription factors binding the promoter of PCDHGB7 gene in low- or high-throughput transcription factor functional studies from the CHEA Transcription Factor Targets dataset. | |
| ChEA Transcription Factor Targets 2022 | transcription factors binding the promoter of PCDHGB7 gene in low- or high-throughput transcription factor functional studies from the CHEA Transcription Factor Targets 2022 dataset. | |
| COMPARTMENTS Text-mining Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025 | cellular components co-occuring with PCDHGB7 protein in abstracts of biomedical publications from the COMPARTMENTS Text-mining Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025 dataset. | |
| COSMIC Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles | cell lines with high or low copy number of PCDHGB7 gene relative to other cell lines from the COSMIC Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles dataset. | |
| COSMIC Cell Line Gene Mutation Profiles | cell lines with PCDHGB7 gene mutations from the COSMIC Cell Line Gene Mutation Profiles dataset. | |
| CTD Gene-Chemical Interactions | chemicals interacting with PCDHGB7 gene/protein from the curated CTD Gene-Chemical Interactions dataset. | |
| dbGAP Gene-Trait Associations | traits associated with PCDHGB7 gene in GWAS and other genetic association datasets from the dbGAP Gene-Trait Associations dataset. | |
| DepMap CRISPR Gene Dependency | cell lines with fitness changed by PCDHGB7 gene knockdown relative to other cell lines from the DepMap CRISPR Gene Dependency dataset. | |
| DISEASES Text-mining Gene-Disease Association Evidence Scores 2025 | diseases co-occuring with PCDHGB7 gene in abstracts of biomedical publications from the DISEASES Text-mining Gene-Disease Assocation Evidence Scores 2025 dataset. | |
| DisGeNET Gene-Disease Associations | diseases associated with PCDHGB7 gene in GWAS and other genetic association datasets from the DisGeNET Gene-Disease Associations dataset. | |
| ENCODE Histone Modification Site Profiles | histone modification site profiles with high histone modification abundance at PCDHGB7 gene from the ENCODE Histone Modification Site Profiles dataset. | |
| ENCODE Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles | transcription factor binding site profiles with transcription factor binding evidence at the promoter of PCDHGB7 gene from the ENCODE Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles dataset. | |
| ENCODE Transcription Factor Targets | transcription factors binding the promoter of PCDHGB7 gene in ChIP-seq datasets from the ENCODE Transcription Factor Targets dataset. | |
| ESCAPE Omics Signatures of Genes and Proteins for Stem Cells | PubMedIDs of publications reporting gene signatures containing PCDHGB7 from the ESCAPE Omics Signatures of Genes and Proteins for Stem Cells dataset. | |
| GAD Gene-Disease Associations | diseases associated with PCDHGB7 gene in GWAS and other genetic association datasets from the GAD Gene-Disease Associations dataset. | |
| GeneSigDB Published Gene Signatures | PubMedIDs of publications reporting gene signatures containing PCDHGB7 from the GeneSigDB Published Gene Signatures dataset. | |
| GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Diseases | disease perturbations changing expression of PCDHGB7 gene from the GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Diseases dataset. | |
| GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Gene Perturbations | gene perturbations changing expression of PCDHGB7 gene from the GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Gene Perturbations dataset. | |
| GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Kinase Perturbations | kinase perturbations changing expression of PCDHGB7 gene from the GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Kinase Perturbations dataset. | |
| GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Small Molecules | small molecule perturbations changing expression of PCDHGB7 gene from the GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Small Molecules dataset. | |
| GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Viral Infections | virus perturbations changing expression of PCDHGB7 gene from the GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Viral Infections dataset. | |
| GlyGen Glycosylated Proteins | ligands (chemical) binding PCDHGB7 protein from the GlyGen Glycosylated Proteins dataset. | |
| GO Biological Process Annotations 2015 | biological processes involving PCDHGB7 gene from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2015 dataset. | |
| GO Cellular Component Annotations 2015 | cellular components containing PCDHGB7 protein from the curated GO Cellular Component Annotations 2015 dataset. | |
| GO Molecular Function Annotations 2015 | molecular functions performed by PCDHGB7 gene from the curated GO Molecular Function Annotations 2015 dataset. | |
| GTEx Tissue Gene Expression Profiles | tissues with high or low expression of PCDHGB7 gene relative to other tissues from the GTEx Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset. | |
| GTEx Tissue Gene Expression Profiles 2023 | tissues with high or low expression of PCDHGB7 gene relative to other tissues from the GTEx Tissue Gene Expression Profiles 2023 dataset. | |
| GTEx Tissue Sample Gene Expression Profiles | tissue samples with high or low expression of PCDHGB7 gene relative to other tissue samples from the GTEx Tissue Sample Gene Expression Profiles dataset. | |
| GWAS Catalog SNP-Phenotype Associations 2025 | phenotypes associated with PCDHGB7 gene in GWAS datasets from the GWAS Catalog SNP-Phenotype Associations 2025 dataset. | |
| HMDB Metabolites of Enzymes | interacting metabolites for PCDHGB7 protein from the curated HMDB Metabolites of Enzymes dataset. | |
| HPA Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles | cell lines with high or low expression of PCDHGB7 gene relative to other cell lines from the HPA Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles dataset. | |
| HPA Tissue Gene Expression Profiles | tissues with high or low expression of PCDHGB7 gene relative to other tissues from the HPA Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset. | |
| HPA Tissue Protein Expression Profiles | tissues with high or low expression of PCDHGB7 protein relative to other tissues from the HPA Tissue Protein Expression Profiles dataset. | |
| HPA Tissue Sample Gene Expression Profiles | tissue samples with high or low expression of PCDHGB7 gene relative to other tissue samples from the HPA Tissue Sample Gene Expression Profiles dataset. | |
| HPM Cell Type and Tissue Protein Expression Profiles | cell types and tissues with high or low expression of PCDHGB7 protein relative to other cell types and tissues from the HPM Cell Type and Tissue Protein Expression Profiles dataset. | |
| InterPro Predicted Protein Domain Annotations | protein domains predicted for PCDHGB7 protein from the InterPro Predicted Protein Domain Annotations dataset. | |
| JASPAR Predicted Human Transcription Factor Targets 2025 | transcription factors regulating expression of PCDHGB7 gene predicted using known transcription factor binding site motifs from the JASPAR Predicted Human Transcription Factor Targets dataset. | |
| JASPAR Predicted Mouse Transcription Factor Targets 2025 | transcription factors regulating expression of PCDHGB7 gene predicted using known transcription factor binding site motifs from the JASPAR Predicted Mouse Transcription Factor Targets 2025 dataset. | |
| JASPAR Predicted Transcription Factor Targets | transcription factors regulating expression of PCDHGB7 gene predicted using known transcription factor binding site motifs from the JASPAR Predicted Transcription Factor Targets dataset. | |
| Klijn et al., Nat. Biotechnol., 2015 Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles | cell lines with high or low copy number of PCDHGB7 gene relative to other cell lines from the Klijn et al., Nat. Biotechnol., 2015 Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles dataset. | |
| Klijn et al., Nat. Biotechnol., 2015 Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles | cell lines with high or low expression of PCDHGB7 gene relative to other cell lines from the Klijn et al., Nat. Biotechnol., 2015 Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles dataset. | |
| Klijn et al., Nat. Biotechnol., 2015 Cell Line Gene Mutation Profiles | cell lines with PCDHGB7 gene mutations from the Klijn et al., Nat. Biotechnol., 2015 Cell Line Gene Mutation Profiles dataset. | |
| KnockTF Gene Expression Profiles with Transcription Factor Perturbations | transcription factor perturbations changing expression of PCDHGB7 gene from the KnockTF Gene Expression Profiles with Transcription Factor Perturbations dataset. | |
| LOCATE Predicted Protein Localization Annotations | cellular components predicted to contain PCDHGB7 protein from the LOCATE Predicted Protein Localization Annotations dataset. | |
| MotifMap Predicted Transcription Factor Targets | transcription factors regulating expression of PCDHGB7 gene predicted using known transcription factor binding site motifs from the MotifMap Predicted Transcription Factor Targets dataset. | |
| MSigDB Cancer Gene Co-expression Modules | co-expressed genes for PCDHGB7 from the MSigDB Cancer Gene Co-expression Modules dataset. | |
| NURSA Protein Complexes | protein complexs containing PCDHGB7 protein recovered by IP-MS from the NURSA Protein Complexes dataset. | |
| PANTHER Pathways | pathways involving PCDHGB7 protein from the PANTHER Pathways dataset. | |
| Pathway Commons Protein-Protein Interactions | interacting proteins for PCDHGB7 from the Pathway Commons Protein-Protein Interactions dataset. | |
| PerturbAtlas Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Gene Perturbations | gene perturbations changing expression of PCDHGB7 gene from the PerturbAtlas Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Gene Perturbations dataset. | |
| Roadmap Epigenomics Cell and Tissue Gene Expression Profiles | cell types and tissues with high or low expression of PCDHGB7 gene relative to other cell types and tissues from the Roadmap Epigenomics Cell and Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset. | |
| Roadmap Epigenomics Histone Modification Site Profiles | histone modification site profiles with high histone modification abundance at PCDHGB7 gene from the Roadmap Epigenomics Histone Modification Site Profiles dataset. | |
| RummaGEO Drug Perturbation Signatures | drug perturbations changing expression of PCDHGB7 gene from the RummaGEO Drug Perturbation Signatures dataset. | |
| RummaGEO Gene Perturbation Signatures | gene perturbations changing expression of PCDHGB7 gene from the RummaGEO Gene Perturbation Signatures dataset. | |
| Sanger Dependency Map Cancer Cell Line Proteomics | cell lines associated with PCDHGB7 protein from the Sanger Dependency Map Cancer Cell Line Proteomics dataset. | |
| TargetScan Predicted Conserved microRNA Targets | microRNAs regulating expression of PCDHGB7 gene predicted using conserved miRNA seed sequences from the TargetScan Predicted Conserved microRNA Targets dataset. | |
| TargetScan Predicted Nonconserved microRNA Targets | microRNAs regulating expression of PCDHGB7 gene predicted using nonconserved miRNA seed sequences from the TargetScan Predicted Nonconserved microRNA Targets dataset. | |
| TCGA Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Tumors | tissue samples with high or low expression of PCDHGB7 gene relative to other tissue samples from the TCGA Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Tumors dataset. | |
| TISSUES Curated Tissue Protein Expression Evidence Scores 2025 | tissues with high expression of PCDHGB7 protein from the TISSUES Curated Tissue Protein Expression Evidence Scores 2025 dataset. | |
| TISSUES Text-mining Tissue Protein Expression Evidence Scores 2025 | tissues co-occuring with PCDHGB7 protein in abstracts of biomedical publications from the TISSUES Text-mining Tissue Protein Expression Evidence Scores 2025 dataset. | |