PCYOX1 Gene

Name	prenylcysteine oxidase 1
Description	Prenylcysteine is released during the degradation of prenylated proteins. PCYOX1 catalyzes the degradation of prenylcysteine to yield free cysteines and a hydrophobic isoprenoid product (Tschantz et al., 1999 [PubMed 10585463]).[supplied by OMIM, Mar 2008]
Summary	{"type": "root", "children": [{"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\nPCYOX1, also known as prenylcysteine lyase, is a FAD‐dependent enzyme that catalyzes the terminal step in the degradation of prenylated proteins by hydrolyzing the thioether bond in prenylcysteines. This reaction yields free cysteine, an isoprenoid aldehyde, and hydrogen peroxide—a reactive oxidant molecule that may contribute to oxidative stress. Detailed kinetic and mechanistic studies have revealed that PCYOX1 functions via a sequential and stereospecific mechanism, with cysteine formation representing one of the rate‐limiting steps in its catalytic cycle. Its association with lipoproteins, particularly in very low‐density lipoproteins and low‐density lipoproteins, correlates with enhanced hydrogen peroxide generation, indicating an intrinsic role in modulating the cellular oxidative milieu."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "1"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n\n"}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\nBeyond its enzymatic function, PCYOX1 has emerged as a significant contributor to the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. Expressed predominantly in the liver, along with the gastrointestinal tract, kidney, male reproductive tissues, and muscle, PCYOX1 is both secreted with nascent lipoproteins and synthesized locally within atherosclerotic lesions. This dual distribution supports its role in propagating oxidative stress via hydrogen peroxide production, thereby enhancing lipid peroxidation, inflammation, and plaque vulnerability. Such properties not only mark PCYOX1 as a potential biomarker in cardiovascular disease but also highlight its candidacy as a pharmacological target aimed at mitigating the oxidative burden associated with atherogenesis."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "3"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n\n"}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\nIn addition to driving atherosclerotic processes, PCYOX1 plays a pivotal role in thrombosis. Experimental evidence from animal models indicates that deletion of the PCYOX1 gene leads to diminished platelet activation, reduced platelet–leukocyte aggregates, and impaired platelet aggregation and adhesion in response to physiological agonists. This reduction in platelet reactivity results in delayed arterial thrombus formation and confers protection against thromboembolism. Collectively, these observations suggest that PCYOX1 not only influences lipid oxidation and inflammation but may also serve as a novel target for antithrombotic interventions."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "5"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n"}]}, {"type": "rg", "children": [{"type": "r", "ref": 1, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Jennifer A Digits, Hyung-Jung Pyun, Robert M Coates, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Stereospecificity and kinetic mechanism of human prenylcysteine lyase, an unusual thioether oxidase."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "J Biol Chem (2002)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1074/jbc.M208069200"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M208069200"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "12186880"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12186880"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 2, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Cristina Banfi, Maura Brioschi, Simona Barcella, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Proteomic analysis of human low-density lipoprotein reveals the presence of prenylcysteine lyase, a hydrogen peroxide-generating enzyme."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Proteomics (2009)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1002/pmic.200800566"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1002/pmic.200800566"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "19253276"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19253276"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 3, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Luis V Herrera-Marcos, Jose M Lou-Bonafonte, Maria V Martinez-Gracia, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Prenylcysteine oxidase 1, a pro-oxidant enzyme of low density lipoproteins."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Front Biosci (Landmark Ed) (2018)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.2741/4631"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.2741/4631"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "28930587"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28930587"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 4, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "C Banfi, R Baetta, S S Barbieri, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Prenylcysteine oxidase 1, an emerging player in atherosclerosis."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Commun Biol (2021)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1038/s42003-021-02630-z"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s42003-021-02630-z"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "34548610"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34548610"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 5, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Cristina Banfi, Patrizia Amadio, Marta Zarà, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Prenylcysteine Oxidase 1 (PCYOX1), a New Player in Thrombosis."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Int J Mol Sci (2022)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.3390/ijms23052831"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms23052831"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "35269975"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35269975"}]}]}]}
Synonyms	PCL1
Proteins	PCYOX_HUMAN
NCBI Gene ID	51449
API
Download Associations
Predicted Functions
Co-expressed Genes
Expression in Tissues and Cell Lines

Functional Associations

PCYOX1 has 7,890 functional associations with biological entities spanning 9 categories (molecular profile, organism, chemical, functional term, phrase or reference, disease, phenotype or trait, structural feature, cell line, cell type or tissue, gene, protein or microRNA, sequence feature) extracted from 118 datasets.

Click the + buttons to view associations for PCYOX1 from the datasets below.

If available, associations are ranked by standardized value

Harmonizome 3.0

PCYOX1 Gene

Functional Associations

Please acknowledge the Harmonizome in your publications by citing the following reference(s):

	Dataset	Summary
	Achilles Cell Line Gene Essentiality Profiles	cell lines with fitness changed by PCYOX1 gene knockdown relative to other cell lines from the Achilles Cell Line Gene Essentiality Profiles dataset.
	Allen Brain Atlas Adult Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles	tissues with high or low expression of PCYOX1 gene relative to other tissues from the Allen Brain Atlas Adult Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	Allen Brain Atlas Adult Mouse Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles	tissues with high or low expression of PCYOX1 gene relative to other tissues from the Allen Brain Atlas Adult Mouse Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	Allen Brain Atlas Aging Dementia and Traumatic Brain Injury Tissue Sample Gene Expression Profiles	tissue samples with high or low expression of PCYOX1 gene relative to other tissue samples from the Allen Brain Atlas Aging Dementia and Traumatic Brain Injury Tissue Sample Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	Allen Brain Atlas Developing Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles by Microarray	tissue samples with high or low expression of PCYOX1 gene relative to other tissue samples from the Allen Brain Atlas Developing Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles by Microarray dataset.
	Allen Brain Atlas Developing Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles by RNA-seq	tissue samples with high or low expression of PCYOX1 gene relative to other tissue samples from the Allen Brain Atlas Developing Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles by RNA-seq dataset.
	Allen Brain Atlas Prenatal Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles	tissues with high or low expression of PCYOX1 gene relative to other tissues from the Allen Brain Atlas Prenatal Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	BioGPS Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles	cell lines with high or low expression of PCYOX1 gene relative to other cell lines from the BioGPS Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	BioGPS Human Cell Type and Tissue Gene Expression Profiles	cell types and tissues with high or low expression of PCYOX1 gene relative to other cell types and tissues from the BioGPS Human Cell Type and Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	BioGPS Mouse Cell Type and Tissue Gene Expression Profiles	cell types and tissues with high or low expression of PCYOX1 gene relative to other cell types and tissues from the BioGPS Mouse Cell Type and Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	Carcinogenome Chemical Perturbation Carcinogenicity Signatures	small molecule perturbations changing expression of PCYOX1 gene from the Carcinogenome Chemical Perturbation Carcinogenicity Signatures dataset.
	CCLE Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles	cell lines with high or low copy number of PCYOX1 gene relative to other cell lines from the CCLE Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles dataset.
	CCLE Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles	cell lines with high or low expression of PCYOX1 gene relative to other cell lines from the CCLE Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	CCLE Cell Line Proteomics	Cell lines associated with PCYOX1 protein from the CCLE Cell Line Proteomics dataset.
	CellMarker Gene-Cell Type Associations	cell types associated with PCYOX1 gene from the CellMarker Gene-Cell Type Associations dataset.
	ChEA Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles	transcription factor binding site profiles with transcription factor binding evidence at the promoter of PCYOX1 gene from the CHEA Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles dataset.
	ChEA Transcription Factor Targets	transcription factors binding the promoter of PCYOX1 gene in low- or high-throughput transcription factor functional studies from the CHEA Transcription Factor Targets dataset.
	ChEA Transcription Factor Targets 2022	transcription factors binding the promoter of PCYOX1 gene in low- or high-throughput transcription factor functional studies from the CHEA Transcription Factor Targets 2022 dataset.
	CMAP Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Small Molecules	small molecule perturbations changing expression of PCYOX1 gene from the CMAP Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Small Molecules dataset.
	COMPARTMENTS Curated Protein Localization Evidence Scores	cellular components containing PCYOX1 protein from the COMPARTMENTS Curated Protein Localization Evidence Scores dataset.
	COMPARTMENTS Curated Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025	cellular components containing PCYOX1 protein from the COMPARTMENTS Curated Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025 dataset.
	COMPARTMENTS Text-mining Protein Localization Evidence Scores	cellular components co-occuring with PCYOX1 protein in abstracts of biomedical publications from the COMPARTMENTS Text-mining Protein Localization Evidence Scores dataset.
	COMPARTMENTS Text-mining Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025	cellular components co-occuring with PCYOX1 protein in abstracts of biomedical publications from the COMPARTMENTS Text-mining Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025 dataset.
	COSMIC Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles	cell lines with high or low copy number of PCYOX1 gene relative to other cell lines from the COSMIC Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles dataset.
	COSMIC Cell Line Gene Mutation Profiles	cell lines with PCYOX1 gene mutations from the COSMIC Cell Line Gene Mutation Profiles dataset.
	CTD Gene-Chemical Interactions	chemicals interacting with PCYOX1 gene/protein from the curated CTD Gene-Chemical Interactions dataset.
	CTD Gene-Disease Associations	diseases associated with PCYOX1 gene/protein from the curated CTD Gene-Disease Associations dataset.
	DeepCoverMOA Drug Mechanisms of Action	small molecule perturbations with high or low expression of PCYOX1 protein relative to other small molecule perturbations from the DeepCoverMOA Drug Mechanisms of Action dataset.
	DepMap CRISPR Gene Dependency	cell lines with fitness changed by PCYOX1 gene knockdown relative to other cell lines from the DepMap CRISPR Gene Dependency dataset.
	DISEASES Text-mining Gene-Disease Association Evidence Scores	diseases co-occuring with PCYOX1 gene in abstracts of biomedical publications from the DISEASES Text-mining Gene-Disease Assocation Evidence Scores dataset.
	DISEASES Text-mining Gene-Disease Association Evidence Scores 2025	diseases co-occuring with PCYOX1 gene in abstracts of biomedical publications from the DISEASES Text-mining Gene-Disease Assocation Evidence Scores 2025 dataset.
	DisGeNET Gene-Phenotype Associations	phenotypes associated with PCYOX1 gene in GWAS and other genetic association datasets from the DisGeNET Gene-Phenoptype Associations dataset.
	ENCODE Histone Modification Site Profiles	histone modification site profiles with high histone modification abundance at PCYOX1 gene from the ENCODE Histone Modification Site Profiles dataset.
	ENCODE Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles	transcription factor binding site profiles with transcription factor binding evidence at the promoter of PCYOX1 gene from the ENCODE Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles dataset.
	ENCODE Transcription Factor Targets	transcription factors binding the promoter of PCYOX1 gene in ChIP-seq datasets from the ENCODE Transcription Factor Targets dataset.
	ESCAPE Omics Signatures of Genes and Proteins for Stem Cells	PubMedIDs of publications reporting gene signatures containing PCYOX1 from the ESCAPE Omics Signatures of Genes and Proteins for Stem Cells dataset.
	GDSC Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles	cell lines with high or low expression of PCYOX1 gene relative to other cell lines from the GDSC Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	GeneRIF Biological Term Annotations	biological terms co-occuring with PCYOX1 gene in literature-supported statements describing functions of genes from the GeneRIF Biological Term Annotations dataset.
	GeneSigDB Published Gene Signatures	PubMedIDs of publications reporting gene signatures containing PCYOX1 from the GeneSigDB Published Gene Signatures dataset.
	GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Diseases	disease perturbations changing expression of PCYOX1 gene from the GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Diseases dataset.