PEX19 Gene

Name	peroxisomal biogenesis factor 19
Description	This gene is necessary for early peroxisomal biogenesis. It acts both as a cytosolic chaperone and as an import receptor for peroxisomal membrane proteins (PMPs). Peroxins (PEXs) are proteins that are essential for the assembly of functional peroxisomes. The peroxisome biogenesis disorders (PBDs) are a group of genetically heterogeneous autosomal recessive, lethal diseases characterized by multiple defects in peroxisome function. These disorders have at least 14 complementation groups, with more than one phenotype being observed for some complementation groups. Although the clinical features of PBD patients vary, cells from all PBD patients exhibit a defect in the import of one or more classes of peroxisomal matrix proteins into the organelle. Defects in this gene are a cause of Zellweger syndrome (ZWS), as well as peroxisome biogenesis disorder complementation group 14 (PBD-CG14), which is also known as PBD-CGJ. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Aug 2010]
Summary	{"type": "root", "children": [{"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\nPEX19 is a central peroxin that functions as both a cytosolic chaperone and a soluble import receptor for peroxisomal membrane proteins (PMPs). It binds newly synthesized PMPs by recognizing distinct targeting signals—often termed mPTS sequences—and thereby maintains their solubility while preventing their aggregation. Moreover, specific splice variants and domain‐mapped studies have revealed that discrete regions of PEX19 are critical for binding a broad spectrum of PMPs, underscoring its modular nature in peroxisome biogenesis."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_fs", "start_ref": "1", "end_ref": "11"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n\n"}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\nStructural and biochemical investigations have further delineated the mechanism by which PEX19 docks its cargo at the peroxisomal membrane through a high‐affinity interaction with the membrane protein PEX3. Detailed mutagenesis and binding studies have identified conserved motifs and critical amino acid residues in both PEX19 and PEX3 that mediate this interaction, which is essential for the proper insertion of PMPs into the peroxisomal membrane and for the de novo formation of peroxisomes. These findings have significantly expanded our understanding of the assembly and regulation of the peroxisomal import machinery."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_fs", "start_ref": "12", "end_ref": "20"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n\n"}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\nBeyond its canonical role in peroxisome biogenesis, PEX19 additionally participates in the sorting of a subset of tail‐anchored and hairpin proteins—not only to peroxisomes but also to other organelles such as the endoplasmic reticulum and lipid droplets—thereby coordinating the biogenesis of several membrane compartments. Moreover, PEX19 has emerged as a multifunctional regulator in cellular homeostasis; it interacts with viral proteins and other regulatory factors to modulate antiviral immune responses and lipid metabolism. Collectively, these studies highlight the multifaceted contributions of PEX19 in both organelle assembly and in orchestrating cross‑talk between metabolic and innate immunologic signaling pathways."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_fs", "start_ref": "21", "end_ref": "30"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n"}]}, {"type": "rg", "children": [{"type": "r", "ref": 1, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "C J Gloeckner, P U Mayerhofer, P Landgraf, et al. 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"}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Two splice variants of human PEX19 exhibit distinct functions in peroxisomal assembly."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Biochem Biophys Res Commun (2002)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1006/bbrc.2002.6568"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1006/bbrc.2002.6568"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "11883941"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11883941"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 3, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Jacob M Jones, James C Morrell, Stephen J Gould "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "PEX19 is a predominantly cytosolic chaperone and import receptor for class 1 peroxisomal membrane proteins."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "J Cell Biol (2004)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1083/jcb.200304111"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1083/jcb.200304111"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "14709540"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14709540"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 4, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Marc Fransen, Ilse Vastiau, Chantal Brees, et al. 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"}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "PEX3 functions as a PEX19 docking factor in the import of class I peroxisomal membrane proteins."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "J Cell Biol (2004)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1083/jcb.200311131"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1083/jcb.200311131"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "15007061"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15007061"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 6, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Hiroyuki Shibata, Yoshinori Kashiwayama, Tsuneo Imanaka, et al. 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PMP targeting is evolutionarily conserved."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "J Biol Chem (2005)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1074/jbc.M501750200"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M501750200"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "15781447"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15781447"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 8, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Yuji Matsuzono, Yukio Fujiki "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "In vitro transport of membrane proteins to peroxisomes by shuttling receptor Pex19p."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "J Biol Chem (2006)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1074/jbc.M509819200"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M509819200"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "16280322"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16280322"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 9, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Yoshinori Kashiwayama, Kota Asahina, Hiroyuki Shibata, et al. 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"}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Allosteric modulation of peroxisomal membrane protein recognition by farnesylation of the peroxisomal import receptor PEX19."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Nat Commun (2017)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1038/ncomms14635"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms14635"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "28281558"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28281558"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 26, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Yasunori Yamamoto, Toshiaki Sakisaka "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "The peroxisome biogenesis factors posttranslationally target reticulon homology domain-containing proteins to the endoplasmic reticulum membrane."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Sci Rep (2018)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1038/s41598-018-20797-0"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-20797-0"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "29396426"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29396426"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 27, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Bianca Schrul, Wolfgang Schliebs "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Intracellular communication between lipid droplets and peroxisomes: the Janus face of PEX19."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Biol Chem (2018)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1515/hsz-2018-0125"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1515/hsz-2018-0125"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "29500918"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29500918"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 28, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Onruedee Khantisitthiporn, Byron Shue, Nicholas S Eyre, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Viperin interacts with PEX19 to mediate peroxisomal augmentation of the innate antiviral response."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Life Sci Alliance (2021)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.26508/lsa.202000915"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.26508/lsa.202000915"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "34108265"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34108265"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 29, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Mafalda A Farelo, Despoina Korrou-Karava, Katrina F Brooks, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Dengue and Zika Virus Capsid Proteins Contain a Common PEX19-Binding Motif."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Viruses (2022)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.3390/v14020253"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.3390/v14020253"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "35215846"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35215846"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 30, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Tanbin Liu, Libin Liang, Pu Zhao, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "The M2 Protein of the Influenza A Virus Interacts with PEX19 to Facilitate Virus Replication by Disrupting the Function of Peroxisome."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Viruses (2024)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.3390/v16081309"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.3390/v16081309"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "39205283"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39205283"}]}]}]}
Synonyms	HK33, D1S2223E, PBD12A, PXF, PMPI, PXMP1, PMP1
Proteins	PEX19_HUMAN
NCBI Gene ID	5824
API
Download Associations
Predicted Functions
Co-expressed Genes
Expression in Tissues and Cell Lines

Functional Associations

PEX19 has 6,244 functional associations with biological entities spanning 8 categories (molecular profile, organism, chemical, disease, phenotype or trait, functional term, phrase or reference, structural feature, cell line, cell type or tissue, gene, protein or microRNA) extracted from 121 datasets.

Click the + buttons to view associations for PEX19 from the datasets below.

If available, associations are ranked by standardized value

Harmonizome 3.0

PEX19 Gene

Functional Associations

Please acknowledge the Harmonizome in your publications by citing the following reference(s):

	Dataset	Summary
	Allen Brain Atlas Adult Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles	tissues with high or low expression of PEX19 gene relative to other tissues from the Allen Brain Atlas Adult Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	Allen Brain Atlas Aging Dementia and Traumatic Brain Injury Tissue Sample Gene Expression Profiles	tissue samples with high or low expression of PEX19 gene relative to other tissue samples from the Allen Brain Atlas Aging Dementia and Traumatic Brain Injury Tissue Sample Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	Allen Brain Atlas Developing Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles by Microarray	tissue samples with high or low expression of PEX19 gene relative to other tissue samples from the Allen Brain Atlas Developing Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles by Microarray dataset.
	Allen Brain Atlas Developing Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles by RNA-seq	tissue samples with high or low expression of PEX19 gene relative to other tissue samples from the Allen Brain Atlas Developing Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles by RNA-seq dataset.
	Allen Brain Atlas Prenatal Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles	tissues with high or low expression of PEX19 gene relative to other tissues from the Allen Brain Atlas Prenatal Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	BioGPS Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles	cell lines with high or low expression of PEX19 gene relative to other cell lines from the BioGPS Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	BioGPS Human Cell Type and Tissue Gene Expression Profiles	cell types and tissues with high or low expression of PEX19 gene relative to other cell types and tissues from the BioGPS Human Cell Type and Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	Carcinogenome Chemical Perturbation Carcinogenicity Signatures	small molecule perturbations changing expression of PEX19 gene from the Carcinogenome Chemical Perturbation Carcinogenicity Signatures dataset.
	CCLE Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles	cell lines with high or low copy number of PEX19 gene relative to other cell lines from the CCLE Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles dataset.
	CCLE Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles	cell lines with high or low expression of PEX19 gene relative to other cell lines from the CCLE Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	CCLE Cell Line Proteomics	Cell lines associated with PEX19 protein from the CCLE Cell Line Proteomics dataset.
	ChEA Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles	transcription factor binding site profiles with transcription factor binding evidence at the promoter of PEX19 gene from the CHEA Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles dataset.
	ChEA Transcription Factor Targets	transcription factors binding the promoter of PEX19 gene in low- or high-throughput transcription factor functional studies from the CHEA Transcription Factor Targets dataset.
	ChEA Transcription Factor Targets 2022	transcription factors binding the promoter of PEX19 gene in low- or high-throughput transcription factor functional studies from the CHEA Transcription Factor Targets 2022 dataset.
	ClinVar Gene-Phenotype Associations 2025	phenotypes associated with PEX19 gene from the curated ClinVar Gene-Phenotype Associations 2025 dataset.
	CM4AI U2OS Cell Map Protein Localization Assemblies	assemblies containing PEX19 protein from integrated AP-MS and IF data from the CM4AI U2OS Cell Map Protein Localization Assemblies dataset.
	CMAP Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Small Molecules	small molecule perturbations changing expression of PEX19 gene from the CMAP Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Small Molecules dataset.
	COMPARTMENTS Curated Protein Localization Evidence Scores	cellular components containing PEX19 protein from the COMPARTMENTS Curated Protein Localization Evidence Scores dataset.
	COMPARTMENTS Curated Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025	cellular components containing PEX19 protein from the COMPARTMENTS Curated Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025 dataset.
	COMPARTMENTS Experimental Protein Localization Evidence Scores	cellular components containing PEX19 protein in low- or high-throughput protein localization assays from the COMPARTMENTS Experimental Protein Localization Evidence Scores dataset.
	COMPARTMENTS Experimental Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025	cellular components containing PEX19 protein in low- or high-throughput protein localization assays from the COMPARTMENTS Experimental Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025 dataset.
	COMPARTMENTS Text-mining Protein Localization Evidence Scores	cellular components co-occuring with PEX19 protein in abstracts of biomedical publications from the COMPARTMENTS Text-mining Protein Localization Evidence Scores dataset.
	COMPARTMENTS Text-mining Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025	cellular components co-occuring with PEX19 protein in abstracts of biomedical publications from the COMPARTMENTS Text-mining Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025 dataset.
	COSMIC Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles	cell lines with high or low copy number of PEX19 gene relative to other cell lines from the COSMIC Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles dataset.
	COSMIC Cell Line Gene Mutation Profiles	cell lines with PEX19 gene mutations from the COSMIC Cell Line Gene Mutation Profiles dataset.
	CTD Gene-Chemical Interactions	chemicals interacting with PEX19 gene/protein from the curated CTD Gene-Chemical Interactions dataset.
	CTD Gene-Disease Associations	diseases associated with PEX19 gene/protein from the curated CTD Gene-Disease Associations dataset.
	DeepCoverMOA Drug Mechanisms of Action	small molecule perturbations with high or low expression of PEX19 protein relative to other small molecule perturbations from the DeepCoverMOA Drug Mechanisms of Action dataset.
	DepMap CRISPR Gene Dependency	cell lines with fitness changed by PEX19 gene knockdown relative to other cell lines from the DepMap CRISPR Gene Dependency dataset.
	DISEASES Curated Gene-Disease Association Evidence Scores	diseases involving PEX19 gene from the DISEASES Curated Gene-Disease Assocation Evidence Scores dataset.
	DISEASES Curated Gene-Disease Association Evidence Scores 2025	diseases involving PEX19 gene from the DISEASES Curated Gene-Disease Association Evidence Scores 2025 dataset.
	DISEASES Text-mining Gene-Disease Association Evidence Scores	diseases co-occuring with PEX19 gene in abstracts of biomedical publications from the DISEASES Text-mining Gene-Disease Assocation Evidence Scores dataset.
	DISEASES Text-mining Gene-Disease Association Evidence Scores 2025	diseases co-occuring with PEX19 gene in abstracts of biomedical publications from the DISEASES Text-mining Gene-Disease Assocation Evidence Scores 2025 dataset.
	DisGeNET Gene-Disease Associations	diseases associated with PEX19 gene in GWAS and other genetic association datasets from the DisGeNET Gene-Disease Associations dataset.
	DisGeNET Gene-Phenotype Associations	phenotypes associated with PEX19 gene in GWAS and other genetic association datasets from the DisGeNET Gene-Phenoptype Associations dataset.
	ENCODE Histone Modification Site Profiles	histone modification site profiles with high histone modification abundance at PEX19 gene from the ENCODE Histone Modification Site Profiles dataset.
	ENCODE Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles	transcription factor binding site profiles with transcription factor binding evidence at the promoter of PEX19 gene from the ENCODE Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles dataset.
	ENCODE Transcription Factor Targets	transcription factors binding the promoter of PEX19 gene in ChIP-seq datasets from the ENCODE Transcription Factor Targets dataset.
	ESCAPE Omics Signatures of Genes and Proteins for Stem Cells	PubMedIDs of publications reporting gene signatures containing PEX19 from the ESCAPE Omics Signatures of Genes and Proteins for Stem Cells dataset.
	GDSC Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles	cell lines with high or low expression of PEX19 gene relative to other cell lines from the GDSC Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles dataset.