Name | phosphate regulating endopeptidase homolog, X-linked |
Description | The protein encoded by this gene is a transmembrane endopeptidase that belongs to the type II integral membrane zinc-dependent endopeptidase family. The protein is thought to be involved in bone and dentin mineralization and renal phosphate reabsorption. Mutations in this gene cause X-linked hypophosphatemic rickets. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Sep 2013] |
Summary |
{"type": "root", "children": [{"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\nPHEX is a zinc‐dependent endopeptidase belonging to the M13 family that is predominantly expressed in osteoblasts. Although early studies anticipated that PHEX might directly cleave circulating phosphatonins such as FGF23, experimental evidence instead shows that PHEX does not process FGF23 directly. Rather, it appears to modulate the local bone microenvironment by influencing the transcriptional regulation of fgf23 and by affecting the metabolism of extracellular matrix proteins (including MEPE, osteopontin, DMP1, and others). In addition, PHEX expression is regulated indirectly by factors such as 1α,25‐dihydroxyvitamin D₃ via transcriptional repression mechanisms."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_fs", "start_ref": "1", "end_ref": "7"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": ""}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n\n"}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\nThrough its regulatory actions, PHEX is central to the bone–kidney hormonal axis that governs systemic phosphate homeostasis. In normal physiology, PHEX activity in bone limits fgf23 transcript expression so that adequate phosphate reabsorption in the kidney is maintained and proper mineralization occurs in the skeleton. When PHEX function is diminished, increased fgf23 expression leads to renal phosphate wasting, hypophosphatemia, and defective mineralization. Moreover, the enzyme’s interplay with extracellular matrix regulators underscores its role in integrating signals from vitamin D and other phosphatonins to finely tune phosphate balance."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_fs", "start_ref": "8", "end_ref": "18"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": ""}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n\n"}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\nLoss‐of‐function mutations in PHEX cause X‐linked hypophosphatemia (XLH), a disorder characterized by hypophosphatemia, rickets/osteomalacia, dental abnormalities, and skeletal deformities. Extensive mutational analyses in diverse populations have revealed a wide spectrum of PHEX defects—including truncating mutations, missense changes, splice‐site alterations, and even noncoding 3′‐UTR variants—all of which disturb normal PHEX function and contribute to the complex genotype–phenotype relationships seen in affected individuals. In both human subjects and animal models, impaired PHEX activity results in dysregulated fgf23 expression and aberrant processing of local matrix proteins, thereby providing critical insights into the molecular pathogenesis of XLH and highlighting potential targets for therapeutic intervention."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_fs", "start_ref": "19", "end_ref": "45"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": ""}]}, {"type": "rg", "children": [{"type": "r", "ref": 1, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Marcelo Campos, Constance Couture, Izaura Y Hirata, et al. 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Synonyms | HPDR, PEX, XLH, HPDR1, LXHR, HYP, HYP1 |
Proteins | PHEX_HUMAN |
NCBI Gene ID | 5251 |
API | |
Download Associations | |
Predicted Functions |
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Co-expressed Genes |
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Expression in Tissues and Cell Lines |
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PHEX has 5,289 functional associations with biological entities spanning 9 categories (molecular profile, organism, disease, phenotype or trait, chemical, functional term, phrase or reference, structural feature, cell line, cell type or tissue, gene, protein or microRNA, sequence feature) extracted from 109 datasets.
Click the + buttons to view associations for PHEX from the datasets below.
If available, associations are ranked by standardized value
Dataset | Summary | |
---|---|---|
Allen Brain Atlas Adult Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles | tissues with high or low expression of PHEX gene relative to other tissues from the Allen Brain Atlas Adult Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset. | |
Allen Brain Atlas Adult Mouse Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles | tissues with high or low expression of PHEX gene relative to other tissues from the Allen Brain Atlas Adult Mouse Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset. | |
Allen Brain Atlas Developing Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles by Microarray | tissue samples with high or low expression of PHEX gene relative to other tissue samples from the Allen Brain Atlas Developing Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles by Microarray dataset. | |
Allen Brain Atlas Developing Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles by RNA-seq | tissue samples with high or low expression of PHEX gene relative to other tissue samples from the Allen Brain Atlas Developing Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles by RNA-seq dataset. | |
Allen Brain Atlas Prenatal Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles | tissues with high or low expression of PHEX gene relative to other tissues from the Allen Brain Atlas Prenatal Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset. | |
BioGPS Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles | cell lines with high or low expression of PHEX gene relative to other cell lines from the BioGPS Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles dataset. | |
BioGPS Human Cell Type and Tissue Gene Expression Profiles | cell types and tissues with high or low expression of PHEX gene relative to other cell types and tissues from the BioGPS Human Cell Type and Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset. | |
BioGPS Mouse Cell Type and Tissue Gene Expression Profiles | cell types and tissues with high or low expression of PHEX gene relative to other cell types and tissues from the BioGPS Mouse Cell Type and Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset. | |
CCLE Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles | cell lines with high or low copy number of PHEX gene relative to other cell lines from the CCLE Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles dataset. | |
CCLE Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles | cell lines with high or low expression of PHEX gene relative to other cell lines from the CCLE Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles dataset. | |
CellMarker Gene-Cell Type Associations | cell types associated with PHEX gene from the CellMarker Gene-Cell Type Associations dataset. | |
ChEA Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles | transcription factor binding site profiles with transcription factor binding evidence at the promoter of PHEX gene from the CHEA Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles dataset. | |
ChEA Transcription Factor Targets | transcription factors binding the promoter of PHEX gene in low- or high-throughput transcription factor functional studies from the CHEA Transcription Factor Targets dataset. | |
ChEA Transcription Factor Targets 2022 | transcription factors binding the promoter of PHEX gene in low- or high-throughput transcription factor functional studies from the CHEA Transcription Factor Targets 2022 dataset. | |
ClinVar Gene-Phenotype Associations | phenotypes associated with PHEX gene from the curated ClinVar Gene-Phenotype Associations dataset. | |
CMAP Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Small Molecules | small molecule perturbations changing expression of PHEX gene from the CMAP Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Small Molecules dataset. | |
COMPARTMENTS Curated Protein Localization Evidence Scores | cellular components containing PHEX protein from the COMPARTMENTS Curated Protein Localization Evidence Scores dataset. | |
COMPARTMENTS Text-mining Protein Localization Evidence Scores | cellular components co-occuring with PHEX protein in abstracts of biomedical publications from the COMPARTMENTS Text-mining Protein Localization Evidence Scores dataset. | |
COMPARTMENTS Text-mining Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025 | cellular components co-occuring with PHEX protein in abstracts of biomedical publications from the COMPARTMENTS Text-mining Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025 dataset. | |
COSMIC Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles | cell lines with high or low copy number of PHEX gene relative to other cell lines from the COSMIC Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles dataset. | |
COSMIC Cell Line Gene Mutation Profiles | cell lines with PHEX gene mutations from the COSMIC Cell Line Gene Mutation Profiles dataset. | |
CTD Gene-Chemical Interactions | chemicals interacting with PHEX gene/protein from the curated CTD Gene-Chemical Interactions dataset. | |
CTD Gene-Disease Associations | diseases associated with PHEX gene/protein from the curated CTD Gene-Disease Associations dataset. | |
dbGAP Gene-Trait Associations | traits associated with PHEX gene in GWAS and other genetic association datasets from the dbGAP Gene-Trait Associations dataset. | |
DepMap CRISPR Gene Dependency | cell lines with fitness changed by PHEX gene knockdown relative to other cell lines from the DepMap CRISPR Gene Dependency dataset. | |
DISEASES Curated Gene-Disease Association Evidence Scores | diseases involving PHEX gene from the DISEASES Curated Gene-Disease Assocation Evidence Scores dataset. | |
DISEASES Curated Gene-Disease Association Evidence Scores 2025 | diseases involving PHEX gene from the DISEASES Curated Gene-Disease Association Evidence Scores 2025 dataset. | |
DISEASES Experimental Gene-Disease Association Evidence Scores | diseases associated with PHEX gene in GWAS datasets from the DISEASES Experimental Gene-Disease Assocation Evidence Scores dataset. | |
DISEASES Text-mining Gene-Disease Association Evidence Scores | diseases co-occuring with PHEX gene in abstracts of biomedical publications from the DISEASES Text-mining Gene-Disease Assocation Evidence Scores dataset. | |
DISEASES Text-mining Gene-Disease Association Evidence Scores 2025 | diseases co-occuring with PHEX gene in abstracts of biomedical publications from the DISEASES Text-mining Gene-Disease Assocation Evidence Scores 2025 dataset. | |
DisGeNET Gene-Disease Associations | diseases associated with PHEX gene in GWAS and other genetic association datasets from the DisGeNET Gene-Disease Associations dataset. | |
DisGeNET Gene-Phenotype Associations | phenotypes associated with PHEX gene in GWAS and other genetic association datasets from the DisGeNET Gene-Phenoptype Associations dataset. | |
ENCODE Histone Modification Site Profiles | histone modification site profiles with high histone modification abundance at PHEX gene from the ENCODE Histone Modification Site Profiles dataset. | |
ENCODE Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles | transcription factor binding site profiles with transcription factor binding evidence at the promoter of PHEX gene from the ENCODE Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles dataset. | |
ENCODE Transcription Factor Targets | transcription factors binding the promoter of PHEX gene in ChIP-seq datasets from the ENCODE Transcription Factor Targets dataset. | |
ESCAPE Omics Signatures of Genes and Proteins for Stem Cells | PubMedIDs of publications reporting gene signatures containing PHEX from the ESCAPE Omics Signatures of Genes and Proteins for Stem Cells dataset. | |
GAD Gene-Disease Associations | diseases associated with PHEX gene in GWAS and other genetic association datasets from the GAD Gene-Disease Associations dataset. | |
GAD High Level Gene-Disease Associations | diseases associated with PHEX gene in GWAS and other genetic association datasets from the GAD High Level Gene-Disease Associations dataset. | |
GDSC Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles | cell lines with high or low expression of PHEX gene relative to other cell lines from the GDSC Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles dataset. | |
GeneRIF Biological Term Annotations | biological terms co-occuring with PHEX gene in literature-supported statements describing functions of genes from the GeneRIF Biological Term Annotations dataset. | |
GeneSigDB Published Gene Signatures | PubMedIDs of publications reporting gene signatures containing PHEX from the GeneSigDB Published Gene Signatures dataset. | |
GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Diseases | disease perturbations changing expression of PHEX gene from the GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Diseases dataset. | |
GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Gene Perturbations | gene perturbations changing expression of PHEX gene from the GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Gene Perturbations dataset. | |
GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Kinase Perturbations | kinase perturbations changing expression of PHEX gene from the GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Kinase Perturbations dataset. | |
GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Small Molecules | small molecule perturbations changing expression of PHEX gene from the GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Small Molecules dataset. | |
GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Transcription Factor Perturbations | transcription factor perturbations changing expression of PHEX gene from the GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Transcription Factor Perturbations dataset. | |
GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Viral Infections | virus perturbations changing expression of PHEX gene from the GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Viral Infections dataset. | |
GO Biological Process Annotations 2015 | biological processes involving PHEX gene from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2015 dataset. | |
GO Biological Process Annotations 2023 | biological processes involving PHEX gene from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2023 dataset. | |
GO Biological Process Annotations 2025 | biological processes involving PHEX gene from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations2025 dataset. | |
GO Cellular Component Annotations 2015 | cellular components containing PHEX protein from the curated GO Cellular Component Annotations 2015 dataset. | |
GO Cellular Component Annotations 2025 | cellular components containing PHEX protein from the curated GO Cellular Component Annotations 2025 dataset. | |
GO Molecular Function Annotations 2015 | molecular functions performed by PHEX gene from the curated GO Molecular Function Annotations 2015 dataset. | |
GO Molecular Function Annotations 2023 | molecular functions performed by PHEX gene from the curated GO Molecular Function Annotations 2023 dataset. | |
GO Molecular Function Annotations 2025 | molecular functions performed by PHEX gene from the curated GO Molecular Function Annotations 2025 dataset. | |
GTEx eQTL 2025 | SNPs regulating expression of PHEX gene from the GTEx eQTL 2025 dataset. | |
GTEx Tissue Gene Expression Profiles | tissues with high or low expression of PHEX gene relative to other tissues from the GTEx Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset. | |
GTEx Tissue Gene Expression Profiles 2023 | tissues with high or low expression of PHEX gene relative to other tissues from the GTEx Tissue Gene Expression Profiles 2023 dataset. | |
GTEx Tissue Sample Gene Expression Profiles | tissue samples with high or low expression of PHEX gene relative to other tissue samples from the GTEx Tissue Sample Gene Expression Profiles dataset. | |
GTEx Tissue-Specific Aging Signatures | tissue samples with high or low expression of PHEX gene relative to other tissue samples from the GTEx Tissue-Specific Aging Signatures dataset. | |
GWAS Catalog SNP-Phenotype Associations | phenotypes associated with PHEX gene in GWAS datasets from the GWAS Catalog SNP-Phenotype Associations dataset. | |
GWASdb SNP-Disease Associations | diseases associated with PHEX gene in GWAS and other genetic association datasets from the GWASdb SNP-Disease Associations dataset. | |
GWASdb SNP-Phenotype Associations | phenotypes associated with PHEX gene in GWAS datasets from the GWASdb SNP-Phenotype Associations dataset. | |
Heiser et al., PNAS, 2011 Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles | cell lines with high or low expression of PHEX gene relative to other cell lines from the Heiser et al., PNAS, 2011 Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles dataset. | |
HMDB Metabolites of Enzymes | interacting metabolites for PHEX protein from the curated HMDB Metabolites of Enzymes dataset. | |
HPA Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles | cell lines with high or low expression of PHEX gene relative to other cell lines from the HPA Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles dataset. | |
HPA Tissue Gene Expression Profiles | tissues with high or low expression of PHEX gene relative to other tissues from the HPA Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset. | |
HPA Tissue Protein Expression Profiles | tissues with high or low expression of PHEX protein relative to other tissues from the HPA Tissue Protein Expression Profiles dataset. | |
HPA Tissue Sample Gene Expression Profiles | tissue samples with high or low expression of PHEX gene relative to other tissue samples from the HPA Tissue Sample Gene Expression Profiles dataset. | |
HPO Gene-Disease Associations | phenotypes associated with PHEX gene by mapping known disease genes to disease phenotypes from the HPO Gene-Disease Associations dataset. | |
HuGE Navigator Gene-Phenotype Associations | phenotypes associated with PHEX gene by text-mining GWAS publications from the HuGE Navigator Gene-Phenotype Associations dataset. | |
InterPro Predicted Protein Domain Annotations | protein domains predicted for PHEX protein from the InterPro Predicted Protein Domain Annotations dataset. | |
JASPAR Predicted Transcription Factor Targets | transcription factors regulating expression of PHEX gene predicted using known transcription factor binding site motifs from the JASPAR Predicted Transcription Factor Targets dataset. | |
Klijn et al., Nat. Biotechnol., 2015 Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles | cell lines with high or low copy number of PHEX gene relative to other cell lines from the Klijn et al., Nat. Biotechnol., 2015 Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles dataset. | |
Klijn et al., Nat. Biotechnol., 2015 Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles | cell lines with high or low expression of PHEX gene relative to other cell lines from the Klijn et al., Nat. Biotechnol., 2015 Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles dataset. | |
Klijn et al., Nat. Biotechnol., 2015 Cell Line Gene Mutation Profiles | cell lines with PHEX gene mutations from the Klijn et al., Nat. Biotechnol., 2015 Cell Line Gene Mutation Profiles dataset. | |
KnockTF Gene Expression Profiles with Transcription Factor Perturbations | transcription factor perturbations changing expression of PHEX gene from the KnockTF Gene Expression Profiles with Transcription Factor Perturbations dataset. | |
LINCS L1000 CMAP Chemical Perturbation Consensus Signatures | small molecule perturbations changing expression of PHEX gene from the LINCS L1000 CMAP Chemical Perturbations Consensus Signatures dataset. | |
LOCATE Curated Protein Localization Annotations | cellular components containing PHEX protein in low- or high-throughput protein localization assays from the LOCATE Curated Protein Localization Annotations dataset. | |
LOCATE Predicted Protein Localization Annotations | cellular components predicted to contain PHEX protein from the LOCATE Predicted Protein Localization Annotations dataset. | |
MGI Mouse Phenotype Associations 2023 | phenotypes of transgenic mice caused by PHEX gene mutations from the MGI Mouse Phenotype Associations 2023 dataset. | |
MiRTarBase microRNA Targets | microRNAs targeting PHEX gene in low- or high-throughput microRNA targeting studies from the MiRTarBase microRNA Targets dataset. | |
MotifMap Predicted Transcription Factor Targets | transcription factors regulating expression of PHEX gene predicted using known transcription factor binding site motifs from the MotifMap Predicted Transcription Factor Targets dataset. | |
MoTrPAC Rat Endurance Exercise Training | tissue samples with high or low expression of PHEX gene relative to other tissue samples from the MoTrPAC Rat Endurance Exercise Training dataset. | |
MPO Gene-Phenotype Associations | phenotypes of transgenic mice caused by PHEX gene mutations from the MPO Gene-Phenotype Associations dataset. | |
MSigDB Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Cancer Gene Perturbations | gene perturbations changing expression of PHEX gene from the MSigDB Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Cancer Gene Perturbations dataset. | |
NURSA Protein Complexes | protein complexs containing PHEX protein recovered by IP-MS from the NURSA Protein Complexes dataset. | |
OMIM Gene-Disease Associations | phenotypes associated with PHEX gene from the curated OMIM Gene-Disease Associations dataset. | |
Pathway Commons Protein-Protein Interactions | interacting proteins for PHEX from the Pathway Commons Protein-Protein Interactions dataset. | |
PerturbAtlas Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Gene Perturbations | gene perturbations changing expression of PHEX gene from the PerturbAtlas Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Gene Perturbations dataset. | |
PerturbAtlas Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Mouse Gene Perturbations | gene perturbations changing expression of PHEX gene from the PerturbAtlas Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Gene Perturbations dataset. | |
PFOCR Pathway Figure Associations 2023 | pathways involving PHEX protein from the PFOCR Pathway Figure Associations 2023 dataset. | |
PFOCR Pathway Figure Associations 2024 | pathways involving PHEX protein from the Wikipathways PFOCR 2024 dataset. | |
Roadmap Epigenomics Cell and Tissue DNA Methylation Profiles | cell types and tissues with high or low DNA methylation of PHEX gene relative to other cell types and tissues from the Roadmap Epigenomics Cell and Tissue DNA Methylation Profiles dataset. | |
Roadmap Epigenomics Cell and Tissue Gene Expression Profiles | cell types and tissues with high or low expression of PHEX gene relative to other cell types and tissues from the Roadmap Epigenomics Cell and Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset. | |
Roadmap Epigenomics Histone Modification Site Profiles | histone modification site profiles with high histone modification abundance at PHEX gene from the Roadmap Epigenomics Histone Modification Site Profiles dataset. | |
RummaGEO Drug Perturbation Signatures | drug perturbations changing expression of PHEX gene from the RummaGEO Drug Perturbation Signatures dataset. | |
RummaGEO Gene Perturbation Signatures | gene perturbations changing expression of PHEX gene from the RummaGEO Gene Perturbation Signatures dataset. | |
Tabula Sapiens Gene-Cell Associations | cell types with high or low expression of PHEX gene relative to other cell types from the Tabula Sapiens Gene-Cell Associations dataset. | |
TargetScan Predicted Conserved microRNA Targets | microRNAs regulating expression of PHEX gene predicted using conserved miRNA seed sequences from the TargetScan Predicted Conserved microRNA Targets dataset. | |
TargetScan Predicted Nonconserved microRNA Targets | microRNAs regulating expression of PHEX gene predicted using nonconserved miRNA seed sequences from the TargetScan Predicted Nonconserved microRNA Targets dataset. | |
TCGA Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Tumors | tissue samples with high or low expression of PHEX gene relative to other tissue samples from the TCGA Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Tumors dataset. | |
TISSUES Curated Tissue Protein Expression Evidence Scores | tissues with high expression of PHEX protein from the TISSUES Curated Tissue Protein Expression Evidence Scores dataset. | |
TISSUES Curated Tissue Protein Expression Evidence Scores 2025 | tissues with high expression of PHEX protein from the TISSUES Curated Tissue Protein Expression Evidence Scores 2025 dataset. | |
TISSUES Experimental Tissue Protein Expression Evidence Scores | tissues with high expression of PHEX protein in proteomics datasets from the TISSUES Experimental Tissue Protein Expression Evidence Scores dataset. | |
TISSUES Experimental Tissue Protein Expression Evidence Scores 2025 | tissues with high expression of PHEX protein in proteomics datasets from the TISSUES Experimental Tissue Protein Expression Evidence Scores 2025 dataset. | |
TISSUES Text-mining Tissue Protein Expression Evidence Scores | tissues co-occuring with PHEX protein in abstracts of biomedical publications from the TISSUES Text-mining Tissue Protein Expression Evidence Scores dataset. | |
TISSUES Text-mining Tissue Protein Expression Evidence Scores 2025 | tissues co-occuring with PHEX protein in abstracts of biomedical publications from the TISSUES Text-mining Tissue Protein Expression Evidence Scores 2025 dataset. | |
WikiPathways Pathways 2024 | pathways involving PHEX protein from the WikiPathways Pathways 2024 dataset. | |