| HGNC Family | EF-hand domain containing |
| Name | parvalbumin |
| Description | The protein encoded by this gene is a high affinity calcium ion-binding protein that is structurally and functionally similar to calmodulin and troponin C. The encoded protein is thought to be involved in muscle relaxation. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Oct 2015] |
| Summary |
{"type": "root", "children": [{"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\nParvalbumin (PVALB) is a calcium‐binding protein highly expressed in a distinct subset of fast‐spiking GABAergic interneurons that are critical for regulating cortical network oscillations and cognitive function. Reduced PVALB messenger RNA and protein levels in prefrontal cortex neurons have been linked to schizophrenia, as demonstrated by decreased expression in layer III/IV of area 9"}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "1"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": ", diminished parvalbumin immunoreactivity in basket cell boutons"}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "2"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": ", and deficient excitatory drive onto these interneurons."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "3"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " Moreover, epigenetic changes such as increased PVALB promoter methylation in hippocampus add further support to the notion that altered parvalbumin expression contributes to the pathophysiology of schizophrenia"}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "4"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": ", and transcriptomic analyses reveal its specific relationship with other interneuron markers."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "5"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n\n"}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\nBeyond the prefrontal cortex, parvalbumin‐expressing neurons are essential components of neural circuits in multiple brain regions. In the hippocampus, selective loss or impairment of PV‐positive interneurons is associated with conditions such as hippocampal sclerosis in epilepsy."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "6"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " In the basal forebrain, PV‐containing projection neurons exhibit fast-firing properties that support cortical activation, attention, and sleep regulation"}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "7"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": ", while in the visual cortex, PV interneurons shape spatial integration and surround suppression."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "8"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " Additionally, reductions in the density of PV‐immunoreactive neurons are observed in demyelinating and inflammatory conditions such as multiple sclerosis"}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "9"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": ";"}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "10"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": ", and increased parvalbumin in certain dopaminergic cell subgroups suggests a compensatory protective mechanism against excitotoxicity and oxidative stress in Parkinson disease"}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "11"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": ";."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "12"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n\n"}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\nOutside of central neuronal networks, parvalbumin plays important roles in non-neuronal as well as structural contexts. In the thyroid, PVALB is expressed in benign Hürthle cell adenomas where its calcium buffering capacity influences cytoplasmic calcium levels, mitochondrial function, and cell fate, thereby serving as a marker to distinguish benign from malignant lesions"}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "13"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": ";."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "14"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " Biophysical studies further reveal that parvalbumin binds Ca²⁺ with high affinity yet exhibits lower affinity for competing divalent cations such as Sr²⁺, underlining its role in maintaining intracellular calcium homeostasis."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "15"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " Finally, reductions in PV‐immunoreactive processes have been observed in spinal cord pathology, and altered parvalbumin expression—possibly driven by epigenetic mechanisms—has been noted in neurodegenerative as well as psychiatric disorders"}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "16"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": ";."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "17"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n"}]}, {"type": "rg", "children": [{"type": "r", "ref": 1, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Takanori Hashimoto, David W Volk, Stephen M Eggan, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Gene expression deficits in a subclass of GABA neurons in the prefrontal cortex of subjects with schizophrenia."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "J Neurosci (2003)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "12867516"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12867516"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 2, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "J R Glausier, K N Fish, D A Lewis "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Altered parvalbumin basket cell inputs in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex of schizophrenia subjects."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Mol Psychiatry (2014)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1038/mp.2013.152"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1038/mp.2013.152"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "24217255"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24217255"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 3, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Daniel W Chung, Kenneth N Fish, David A Lewis "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Pathological Basis for Deficient Excitatory Drive to Cortical Parvalbumin Interneurons in Schizophrenia."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Am J Psychiatry (2016)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1176/appi.ajp.2016.16010025"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.2016.16010025"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "27444795"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27444795"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 4, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Helene A Fachim, Umarat Srisawat, Caroline F Dalton, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Parvalbumin promoter hypermethylation in postmortem brain in schizophrenia."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Epigenomics (2018)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.2217/epi-2017-0159"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.2217/epi-2017-0159"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "29688033"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29688033"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 5, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Jonathan Garst-Orozco, Ruchi Malik, Thomas A Lanz, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "GluN2D-mediated excitatory drive onto medial prefrontal cortical PV+ fast-spiking inhibitory interneurons."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "PLoS One (2020)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1371/journal.pone.0233895"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0233895"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "32497062"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32497062"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 6, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "A Andrioli, L Alonso-Nanclares, J I Arellano, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Quantitative analysis of parvalbumin-immunoreactive cells in the human epileptic hippocampus."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Neuroscience (2007)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1016/j.neuroscience.2007.07.029"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroscience.2007.07.029"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "17850980"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17850980"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 7, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "James T McKenna, Chun Yang, Serena Franciosi, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Distribution and intrinsic membrane properties of basal forebrain GABAergic and parvalbumin neurons in the mouse."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "J Comp Neurol (2013)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1002/cne.23290"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1002/cne.23290"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "23254904"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23254904"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 8, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Hendrikje Nienborg, Andrea Hasenstaub, Ian Nauhaus, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Contrast dependence and differential contributions from somatostatin- and parvalbumin-expressing neurons to spatial integration in mouse V1."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "J Neurosci (2013)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1523/JNEUROSCI.5320-12.2013"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1523/JNEUROSCI.5320-12.2013"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "23825418"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23825418"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 9, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Valentina Medici, Laura Rossini, Francesco Deleo, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Different parvalbumin and GABA expression in human epileptogenic focal cortical dysplasia."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Epilepsia (2016)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1111/epi.13405"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/epi.13405"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "27173597"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27173597"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 10, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Giorgi Kuchukhidze, Anna Wieselthaler-Hölzl, Meinrad Drexel, et al. 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"}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "The expression of PARP, NF-kappa B and parvalbumin is increased in Parkinson disease."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Neuroreport (2004)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1097/01.wnr.0000136175.51954.ce"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1097/01.wnr.0000136175.51954.ce"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "15257133"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15257133"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 12, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Robert J Clements, Jennifer McDonough, Ernest J Freeman "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Distribution of parvalbumin and calretinin immunoreactive interneurons in motor cortex from multiple sclerosis post-mortem tissue."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Exp Brain Res (2008)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1007/s00221-008-1317-9"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s00221-008-1317-9"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "18297277"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18297277"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 13, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Janete M Cerutti, Gisele Oler, Rosana Delcelo, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "PVALB, a new Hürthle adenoma diagnostic marker identified through gene expression."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "J Clin Endocrinol Metab (2011)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1210/jc.2010-1318"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1210/jc.2010-1318"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "20926528"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20926528"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 14, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Thais Biude Mendes, Bruno Heidi Nozima, Alexandre Budu, et al. 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"}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Increased DNA methylation in the parvalbumin gene promoter is associated with methamphetamine dependence."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Pharmacogenomics (2017)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.2217/pgs-2016-0188"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.2217/pgs-2016-0188"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "28835159"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28835159"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 17, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Samuel J Dienel, Kenneth N Fish, David A Lewis "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "The Nature of Prefrontal Cortical GABA Neuron Alterations in Schizophrenia: Markedly Lower Somatostatin and Parvalbumin Gene Expression Without Missing Neurons."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Am J Psychiatry (2023)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1176/appi.ajp.20220676"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.20220676"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "37073488"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37073488"}]}]}]}
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| Synonyms | D22S749 |
| Proteins | PRVA_HUMAN |
| NCBI Gene ID | 5816 |
| API | |
| Download Associations | |
| Predicted Functions |
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| Co-expressed Genes |
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| Expression in Tissues and Cell Lines |
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PVALB has 5,398 functional associations with biological entities spanning 8 categories (molecular profile, organism, chemical, functional term, phrase or reference, disease, phenotype or trait, structural feature, cell line, cell type or tissue, gene, protein or microRNA) extracted from 98 datasets.
Click the + buttons to view associations for PVALB from the datasets below.
If available, associations are ranked by standardized value
| Dataset | Summary | |
|---|---|---|
| Allen Brain Atlas Adult Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles | tissues with high or low expression of PVALB gene relative to other tissues from the Allen Brain Atlas Adult Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset. | |
| Allen Brain Atlas Adult Mouse Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles | tissues with high or low expression of PVALB gene relative to other tissues from the Allen Brain Atlas Adult Mouse Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset. | |
| Allen Brain Atlas Aging Dementia and Traumatic Brain Injury Tissue Sample Gene Expression Profiles | tissue samples with high or low expression of PVALB gene relative to other tissue samples from the Allen Brain Atlas Aging Dementia and Traumatic Brain Injury Tissue Sample Gene Expression Profiles dataset. | |
| Allen Brain Atlas Developing Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles by Microarray | tissue samples with high or low expression of PVALB gene relative to other tissue samples from the Allen Brain Atlas Developing Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles by Microarray dataset. | |
| Allen Brain Atlas Prenatal Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles | tissues with high or low expression of PVALB gene relative to other tissues from the Allen Brain Atlas Prenatal Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset. | |
| BioGPS Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles | cell lines with high or low expression of PVALB gene relative to other cell lines from the BioGPS Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles dataset. | |
| BioGPS Human Cell Type and Tissue Gene Expression Profiles | cell types and tissues with high or low expression of PVALB gene relative to other cell types and tissues from the BioGPS Human Cell Type and Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset. | |
| BioGPS Mouse Cell Type and Tissue Gene Expression Profiles | cell types and tissues with high or low expression of PVALB gene relative to other cell types and tissues from the BioGPS Mouse Cell Type and Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset. | |
| Carcinogenome Chemical Perturbation Carcinogenicity Signatures | small molecule perturbations changing expression of PVALB gene from the Carcinogenome Chemical Perturbation Carcinogenicity Signatures dataset. | |
| CCLE Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles | cell lines with high or low copy number of PVALB gene relative to other cell lines from the CCLE Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles dataset. | |
| CCLE Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles | cell lines with high or low expression of PVALB gene relative to other cell lines from the CCLE Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles dataset. | |
| ChEA Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles | transcription factor binding site profiles with transcription factor binding evidence at the promoter of PVALB gene from the CHEA Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles dataset. | |
| ChEA Transcription Factor Targets | transcription factors binding the promoter of PVALB gene in low- or high-throughput transcription factor functional studies from the CHEA Transcription Factor Targets dataset. | |
| CM4AI KOLF21J CRISPRi Gene Perturbation Atlas | gene perturbations changing expression of PVALB gene from the CM4AI KOLF21J CRISPRi Gene Perturbation Atlas dataset. | |
| CMAP Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Small Molecules | small molecule perturbations changing expression of PVALB gene from the CMAP Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Small Molecules dataset. | |
| COMPARTMENTS Curated Protein Localization Evidence Scores | cellular components containing PVALB protein from the COMPARTMENTS Curated Protein Localization Evidence Scores dataset. | |
| COMPARTMENTS Text-mining Protein Localization Evidence Scores | cellular components co-occuring with PVALB protein in abstracts of biomedical publications from the COMPARTMENTS Text-mining Protein Localization Evidence Scores dataset. | |
| COMPARTMENTS Text-mining Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025 | cellular components co-occuring with PVALB protein in abstracts of biomedical publications from the COMPARTMENTS Text-mining Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025 dataset. | |
| COSMIC Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles | cell lines with high or low copy number of PVALB gene relative to other cell lines from the COSMIC Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles dataset. | |
| COSMIC Cell Line Gene Mutation Profiles | cell lines with PVALB gene mutations from the COSMIC Cell Line Gene Mutation Profiles dataset. | |
| CTD Gene-Chemical Interactions | chemicals interacting with PVALB gene/protein from the curated CTD Gene-Chemical Interactions dataset. | |
| CTD Gene-Disease Associations | diseases associated with PVALB gene/protein from the curated CTD Gene-Disease Associations dataset. | |
| dbGAP Gene-Trait Associations | traits associated with PVALB gene in GWAS and other genetic association datasets from the dbGAP Gene-Trait Associations dataset. | |
| DepMap CRISPR Gene Dependency | cell lines with fitness changed by PVALB gene knockdown relative to other cell lines from the DepMap CRISPR Gene Dependency dataset. | |
| DGIdb Drug Targets 2026 | interacting drugs for PVALB protein from the DGIdb Drug Targets 2026 dataset. | |
| DISEASES Experimental Gene-Disease Association Evidence Scores | diseases associated with PVALB gene in GWAS datasets from the DISEASES Experimental Gene-Disease Assocation Evidence Scores dataset. | |
| DISEASES Experimental Gene-Disease Association Evidence Scores 2025 | diseases associated with PVALB gene in GWAS datasets from the DISEASES Experimental Gene-Disease Assocation Evidence Scores 2025 dataset. | |
| DISEASES Text-mining Gene-Disease Association Evidence Scores | diseases co-occuring with PVALB gene in abstracts of biomedical publications from the DISEASES Text-mining Gene-Disease Assocation Evidence Scores dataset. | |
| DISEASES Text-mining Gene-Disease Association Evidence Scores 2025 | diseases co-occuring with PVALB gene in abstracts of biomedical publications from the DISEASES Text-mining Gene-Disease Assocation Evidence Scores 2025 dataset. | |
| DisGeNET Gene-Disease Associations | diseases associated with PVALB gene in GWAS and other genetic association datasets from the DisGeNET Gene-Disease Associations dataset. | |
| DisGeNET Gene-Phenotype Associations | phenotypes associated with PVALB gene in GWAS and other genetic association datasets from the DisGeNET Gene-Phenoptype Associations dataset. | |
| DrugBank Drug Targets | interacting drugs for PVALB protein from the curated DrugBank Drug Targets dataset. | |
| ENCODE Histone Modification Site Profiles | histone modification site profiles with high histone modification abundance at PVALB gene from the ENCODE Histone Modification Site Profiles dataset. | |
| ENCODE Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles | transcription factor binding site profiles with transcription factor binding evidence at the promoter of PVALB gene from the ENCODE Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles dataset. | |
| ENCODE Transcription Factor Targets | transcription factors binding the promoter of PVALB gene in ChIP-seq datasets from the ENCODE Transcription Factor Targets dataset. | |
| ESCAPE Omics Signatures of Genes and Proteins for Stem Cells | PubMedIDs of publications reporting gene signatures containing PVALB from the ESCAPE Omics Signatures of Genes and Proteins for Stem Cells dataset. | |
| GAD Gene-Disease Associations | diseases associated with PVALB gene in GWAS and other genetic association datasets from the GAD Gene-Disease Associations dataset. | |
| GAD High Level Gene-Disease Associations | diseases associated with PVALB gene in GWAS and other genetic association datasets from the GAD High Level Gene-Disease Associations dataset. | |
| GDSC Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles | cell lines with high or low expression of PVALB gene relative to other cell lines from the GDSC Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles dataset. | |
| GeneRIF Biological Term Annotations | biological terms co-occuring with PVALB gene in literature-supported statements describing functions of genes from the GeneRIF Biological Term Annotations dataset. | |
| GeneSigDB Published Gene Signatures | PubMedIDs of publications reporting gene signatures containing PVALB from the GeneSigDB Published Gene Signatures dataset. | |
| GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Diseases | disease perturbations changing expression of PVALB gene from the GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Diseases dataset. | |
| GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Gene Perturbations | gene perturbations changing expression of PVALB gene from the GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Gene Perturbations dataset. | |
| GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Kinase Perturbations | kinase perturbations changing expression of PVALB gene from the GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Kinase Perturbations dataset. | |
| GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Small Molecules | small molecule perturbations changing expression of PVALB gene from the GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Small Molecules dataset. | |
| GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Viral Infections | virus perturbations changing expression of PVALB gene from the GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Viral Infections dataset. | |
| GO Biological Process Annotations 2015 | biological processes involving PVALB gene from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2015 dataset. | |
| GO Cellular Component Annotations 2015 | cellular components containing PVALB protein from the curated GO Cellular Component Annotations 2015 dataset. | |
| GO Molecular Function Annotations 2015 | molecular functions performed by PVALB gene from the curated GO Molecular Function Annotations 2015 dataset. | |
| GO Molecular Function Annotations 2025 | molecular functions performed by PVALB gene from the curated GO Molecular Function Annotations 2025 dataset. | |
| GTEx Tissue Gene Expression Profiles | tissues with high or low expression of PVALB gene relative to other tissues from the GTEx Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset. | |
| GTEx Tissue Sample Gene Expression Profiles | tissue samples with high or low expression of PVALB gene relative to other tissue samples from the GTEx Tissue Sample Gene Expression Profiles dataset. | |
| GWAS Catalog SNP-Phenotype Associations | phenotypes associated with PVALB gene in GWAS datasets from the GWAS Catalog SNP-Phenotype Associations dataset. | |
| GWAS Catalog SNP-Phenotype Associations 2025 | phenotypes associated with PVALB gene in GWAS datasets from the GWAS Catalog SNP-Phenotype Associations 2025 dataset. | |
| GWASdb SNP-Disease Associations | diseases associated with PVALB gene in GWAS and other genetic association datasets from the GWASdb SNP-Disease Associations dataset. | |
| GWASdb SNP-Phenotype Associations | phenotypes associated with PVALB gene in GWAS datasets from the GWASdb SNP-Phenotype Associations dataset. | |
| Heiser et al., PNAS, 2011 Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles | cell lines with high or low expression of PVALB gene relative to other cell lines from the Heiser et al., PNAS, 2011 Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles dataset. | |
| HMDB Metabolites of Enzymes | interacting metabolites for PVALB protein from the curated HMDB Metabolites of Enzymes dataset. | |
| HPA Tissue Gene Expression Profiles | tissues with high or low expression of PVALB gene relative to other tissues from the HPA Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset. | |
| HPA Tissue Protein Expression Profiles | tissues with high or low expression of PVALB protein relative to other tissues from the HPA Tissue Protein Expression Profiles dataset. | |
| HPA Tissue Sample Gene Expression Profiles | tissue samples with high or low expression of PVALB gene relative to other tissue samples from the HPA Tissue Sample Gene Expression Profiles dataset. | |
| HuBMAP ASCT+B Annotations | cell types associated with PVALB gene from the HuBMAP ASCT+B dataset. | |
| HuBMAP ASCT+B Augmented with RNA-seq Coexpression | cell types associated with PVALB gene from the HuBMAP ASCT+B Augmented with RNA-seq Coexpression dataset. | |
| HuGE Navigator Gene-Phenotype Associations | phenotypes associated with PVALB gene by text-mining GWAS publications from the HuGE Navigator Gene-Phenotype Associations dataset. | |
| InterPro Predicted Protein Domain Annotations | protein domains predicted for PVALB protein from the InterPro Predicted Protein Domain Annotations dataset. | |
| JASPAR Predicted Human Transcription Factor Targets 2025 | transcription factors regulating expression of PVALB gene predicted using known transcription factor binding site motifs from the JASPAR Predicted Human Transcription Factor Targets dataset. | |
| JASPAR Predicted Mouse Transcription Factor Targets 2025 | transcription factors regulating expression of PVALB gene predicted using known transcription factor binding site motifs from the JASPAR Predicted Mouse Transcription Factor Targets 2025 dataset. | |
| JASPAR Predicted Transcription Factor Targets | transcription factors regulating expression of PVALB gene predicted using known transcription factor binding site motifs from the JASPAR Predicted Transcription Factor Targets dataset. | |
| Klijn et al., Nat. Biotechnol., 2015 Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles | cell lines with high or low copy number of PVALB gene relative to other cell lines from the Klijn et al., Nat. Biotechnol., 2015 Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles dataset. | |
| KnockTF Gene Expression Profiles with Transcription Factor Perturbations | transcription factor perturbations changing expression of PVALB gene from the KnockTF Gene Expression Profiles with Transcription Factor Perturbations dataset. | |
| LINCS L1000 CMAP Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Small Molecules | small molecule perturbations changing expression of PVALB gene from the LINCS L1000 CMAP Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Small Molecules dataset. | |
| LOCATE Curated Protein Localization Annotations | cellular components containing PVALB protein in low- or high-throughput protein localization assays from the LOCATE Curated Protein Localization Annotations dataset. | |
| LOCATE Predicted Protein Localization Annotations | cellular components predicted to contain PVALB protein from the LOCATE Predicted Protein Localization Annotations dataset. | |
| MGI Mouse Phenotype Associations 2023 | phenotypes of transgenic mice caused by PVALB gene mutations from the MGI Mouse Phenotype Associations 2023 dataset. | |
| MiRTarBase microRNA Targets | microRNAs targeting PVALB gene in low- or high-throughput microRNA targeting studies from the MiRTarBase microRNA Targets dataset. | |
| MotifMap Predicted Transcription Factor Targets | transcription factors regulating expression of PVALB gene predicted using known transcription factor binding site motifs from the MotifMap Predicted Transcription Factor Targets dataset. | |
| MPO Gene-Phenotype Associations | phenotypes of transgenic mice caused by PVALB gene mutations from the MPO Gene-Phenotype Associations dataset. | |
| MSigDB Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Cancer Gene Perturbations | gene perturbations changing expression of PVALB gene from the MSigDB Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Cancer Gene Perturbations dataset. | |
| NIBR DRUG-seq U2OS MoA Box Gene Expression Profiles | drug perturbations changing expression of PVALB gene from the NIBR DRUG-seq U2OS MoA Box dataset. | |
| PFOCR Pathway Figure Associations 2023 | pathways involving PVALB protein from the PFOCR Pathway Figure Associations 2023 dataset. | |
| PFOCR Pathway Figure Associations 2024 | pathways involving PVALB protein from the Wikipathways PFOCR 2024 dataset. | |
| Reactome Pathways 2024 | pathways involving PVALB protein from the Reactome Pathways 2024 dataset. | |
| Roadmap Epigenomics Cell and Tissue DNA Methylation Profiles | cell types and tissues with high or low DNA methylation of PVALB gene relative to other cell types and tissues from the Roadmap Epigenomics Cell and Tissue DNA Methylation Profiles dataset. | |
| Roadmap Epigenomics Histone Modification Site Profiles | histone modification site profiles with high histone modification abundance at PVALB gene from the Roadmap Epigenomics Histone Modification Site Profiles dataset. | |
| Rummagene Transcription Factor Associations 2026 | transcription factors regulating expression of PVALB gene from the Rummagene Transcription Factor Associations 2026 dataset. | |
| RummaGEO Drug Perturbation Signatures | drug perturbations changing expression of PVALB gene from the RummaGEO Drug Perturbation Signatures dataset. | |
| RummaGEO Gene Perturbation Signatures | gene perturbations changing expression of PVALB gene from the RummaGEO Gene Perturbation Signatures dataset. | |
| Sanger Dependency Map Cancer Cell Line Proteomics | cell lines associated with PVALB protein from the Sanger Dependency Map Cancer Cell Line Proteomics dataset. | |
| TargetScan Predicted Conserved microRNA Targets | microRNAs regulating expression of PVALB gene predicted using conserved miRNA seed sequences from the TargetScan Predicted Conserved microRNA Targets dataset. | |
| TargetScan Predicted Nonconserved microRNA Targets | microRNAs regulating expression of PVALB gene predicted using nonconserved miRNA seed sequences from the TargetScan Predicted Nonconserved microRNA Targets dataset. | |
| TCGA Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Tumors | tissue samples with high or low expression of PVALB gene relative to other tissue samples from the TCGA Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Tumors dataset. | |
| TISSUES Curated Tissue Protein Expression Evidence Scores | tissues with high expression of PVALB protein from the TISSUES Curated Tissue Protein Expression Evidence Scores dataset. | |
| TISSUES Curated Tissue Protein Expression Evidence Scores 2025 | tissues with high expression of PVALB protein from the TISSUES Curated Tissue Protein Expression Evidence Scores 2025 dataset. | |
| TISSUES Experimental Tissue Protein Expression Evidence Scores | tissues with high expression of PVALB protein in proteomics datasets from the TISSUES Experimental Tissue Protein Expression Evidence Scores dataset. | |
| TISSUES Experimental Tissue Protein Expression Evidence Scores 2025 | tissues with high expression of PVALB protein in proteomics datasets from the TISSUES Experimental Tissue Protein Expression Evidence Scores 2025 dataset. | |
| TISSUES Text-mining Tissue Protein Expression Evidence Scores | tissues co-occuring with PVALB protein in abstracts of biomedical publications from the TISSUES Text-mining Tissue Protein Expression Evidence Scores dataset. | |
| TISSUES Text-mining Tissue Protein Expression Evidence Scores 2025 | tissues co-occuring with PVALB protein in abstracts of biomedical publications from the TISSUES Text-mining Tissue Protein Expression Evidence Scores 2025 dataset. | |
| WikiPathways Pathways 2024 | pathways involving PVALB protein from the WikiPathways Pathways 2024 dataset. | |
