{"type": "root", "children": [{"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\nCD155, also known as the poliovirus receptor (PVR) or necl‑5, functions as a pivotal immune ligand orchestrating both activating and inhibitory pathways in innate and adaptive immunity. By engaging the activating receptor DNAM‑1 (CD226) on natural killer (NK) cells and cytotoxic T lymphocytes, CD155 promotes target‐cell lysis and facilitates monocyte migration across the endothelium. In contrast, binding to inhibitory receptors such as TIGIT and CD96 attenuates effector cell responses, thereby contributing to immune tolerance and, in tumor settings, to immune escape. Moreover, several viruses—including human cytomegalovirus and HIV—have evolved mechanisms to modulate CD155 expression, thus subverting NK cell–mediated elimination of infected cells."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_fs", "start_ref": "1", "end_ref": "16"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n\n"}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\nIn addition to its immunoregulatory functions, CD155 is widely overexpressed in a variety of human malignancies and plays multifaceted roles in tumor biology. Elevated levels of CD155 correlate with enhanced cell adhesion, migration, and invasion in cancers such as lung adenocarcinoma, melanoma, head and neck, pancreatic, and breast carcinomas. Soluble forms of CD155, which are detectable in patient sera and other body fluids, can interfere with DNAM‑1–mediated NK cell cytotoxicity, thereby promoting tumor immune evasion. Furthermore, intracellular signaling initiated by the immunoreceptor tyrosine‑based inhibitory motif (ITIM) in CD155 regulates integrin clustering and focal adhesion disassembly, supporting oncogenic proliferation and metastasis. Regulatory pathways including those driven by growth factors and developmental signals (e.g., Sonic hedgehog) also modulate CD155 expression, underscoring its importance as both a prognostic biomarker and a promising therapeutic target."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_fs", "start_ref": "17", "end_ref": "36"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n\n"}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\nCD155 also serves as the primary receptor for poliovirus and plays critical roles in viral entry and neuronal transport. Its cytoplasmic domain interacts with components of the dynein motor complex (via Tctex‑1), thereby promoting the retrograde transport of virus‑containing vesicles along microtubules—a process essential for neuroinvasion. Structural analyses have revealed that receptor engagement by poliovirus induces conformational changes necessary for viral capsid expansion and genome release. Animal models of oral poliovirus infection further underscore the importance of CD155 in mediating viral spread from the gastrointestinal tract to the central nervous system."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_fs", "start_ref": "37", "end_ref": "42"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n"}]}, {"type": "rg", "children": [{"type": "r", "ref": 1, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Cristina Bottino, Roberta Castriconi, Daniela Pende, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Identification of PVR (CD155) and Nectin-2 (CD112) as cell surface ligands for the human DNAM-1 (CD226) activating molecule."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "J Exp Med (2003)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1084/jem.20030788"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1084/jem.20030788"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "12913096"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12913096"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 2, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Noa Stanietsky, Hrvoje Simic, Jurica Arapovic, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "The interaction of TIGIT with PVR and PVRL2 inhibits human NK cell cytotoxicity."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (2009)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1073/pnas.0903474106"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0903474106"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "19815499"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19815499"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 3, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Daniela Pende, Grazia Maria Spaggiari, Stefania Marcenaro, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Analysis of the receptor-ligand interactions in the natural killer-mediated lysis of freshly isolated myeloid or lymphoblastic leukemias: evidence for the involvement of the Poliovirus receptor (CD155) and Nectin-2 (CD112)."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Blood (2005)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1182/blood-2004-09-3548"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1182/blood-2004-09-3548"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "15536144"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15536144"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 4, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Nicolas Reymond, Anne-Marie Imbert, Elisabeth Devilard, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "DNAM-1 and PVR regulate monocyte migration through endothelial junctions."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "J Exp Med (2004)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1084/jem.20032206"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1084/jem.20032206"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "15136589"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15136589"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 5, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Mattias Carlsten, Håkan Norell, Yenan T Bryceson, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Primary human tumor cells expressing CD155 impair tumor targeting by down-regulating DNAM-1 on NK cells."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "J Immunol (2009)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.4049/jimmunol.0901226"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.0901226"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "19801517"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19801517"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 6, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Peter Tomasec, Eddie C Y Wang, Andrew J Davison, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Downregulation of natural killer cell-activating ligand CD155 by human cytomegalovirus UL141."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Nat Immunol (2005)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1038/ni1156"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1038/ni1156"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "15640804"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15640804"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 7, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Weiling He, Hui Zhang, Fei Han, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "CD155T/TIGIT Signaling Regulates CD8"}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "sup"}], "href": "sup"}, {"type": "t", "text": "+"}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "/sup"}], "href": "/sup"}, {"type": "t", "text": " T-cell Metabolism and Promotes Tumor Progression in Human Gastric Cancer."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Cancer Res (2017)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-17-0381"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-17-0381"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "28883004"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28883004"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 8, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Man Li, Pengyan Xia, Ying Du, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "T-cell immunoglobulin and ITIM domain (TIGIT) receptor/poliovirus receptor (PVR) ligand engagement suppresses interferon-γ production of natural killer cells via β-arrestin 2-mediated negative signaling."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "J Biol Chem (2014)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1074/jbc.M114.572420"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M114.572420"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "24817116"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24817116"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 9, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Beatriz Sanchez-Correa, Inmaculada Gayoso, Juan M Bergua, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Decreased expression of DNAM-1 on NK cells from acute myeloid leukemia patients."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Immunol Cell Biol (2012)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1038/icb.2011.15"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1038/icb.2011.15"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "21383766"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21383766"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 10, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Lei Wu, Liang Mao, Jian-Feng Liu, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Blockade of TIGIT/CD155 Signaling Reverses T-cell Exhaustion and Enhances Antitumor Capability in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Cancer Immunol Res (2019)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1158/2326-6066.CIR-18-0725"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1158/2326-6066.CIR-18-0725"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "31387897"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31387897"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 11, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Jian Gao, Qianqian Zheng, Na Xin, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "CD155, an onco-immunologic molecule in human tumors."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Cancer Sci (2017)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1111/cas.13324"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/cas.13324"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "28730595"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28730595"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 12, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Giulia Matusali, Marina Potestà, Angela Santoni, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "The human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Nef and Vpu proteins downregulate the natural killer cell-activating ligand PVR."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "J Virol (2012)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1128/JVI.05788-11"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1128/JVI.05788-11"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "22301152"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22301152"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 13, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Melinda K Merrill, Guenter Bernhardt, John H Sampson, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Poliovirus receptor CD155-targeted oncolysis of glioma."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Neuro Oncol (2004)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1215/S1152851703000577"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1215/S1152851703000577"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "15279713"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15279713"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 14, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Jake S O'Donnell, Jason Madore, Xian-Yang Li, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Tumor intrinsic and extrinsic immune functions of CD155."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Semin Cancer Biol (2020)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1016/j.semcancer.2019.11.013"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.semcancer.2019.11.013"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "31883911"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31883911"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 15, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Baofu Zhang, Weina Zhao, Huizhong Li, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Immunoreceptor TIGIT inhibits the cytotoxicity of human cytokine-induced killer cells by interacting with CD155."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Cancer Immunol Immunother (2016)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1007/s00262-016-1799-4"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s00262-016-1799-4"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "26842126"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26842126"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 16, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Xiangguo Duan, Juanxi Liu, Jianjian Cui, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Expression of TIGIT/CD155 and correlations with clinical pathological features in human hepatocellular carcinoma."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Mol Med Rep (2019)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.3892/mmr.2019.10641"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2019.10641"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "31485637"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31485637"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 17, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Satoshi Nishiwada, Masayuki Sho, Satoshi Yasuda, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Clinical significance of CD155 expression in human pancreatic cancer."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Anticancer Res (2015)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "25862891"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25862891"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 18, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Reiko Nakai, Yoshimasa Maniwa, Yugo Tanaka, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Overexpression of Necl-5 correlates with unfavorable prognosis in patients with lung adenocarcinoma."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Cancer Sci (2010)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1111/j.1349-7006.2010.01530.x"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1349-7006.2010.01530.x"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "20331633"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20331633"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 19, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Valentina Bevelacqua, Ylenia Bevelacqua, Saverio Candido, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Nectin like-5 overexpression correlates with the malignant phenotype in cutaneous melanoma."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Oncotarget (2012)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.18632/oncotarget.594"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.18632/oncotarget.594"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "22929570"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22929570"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 20, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Matthias Braun, Amelia Roman Aguilera, Ashmitha Sundarrajan, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "CD155 on Tumor Cells Drives Resistance to Immunotherapy by Inducing the Degradation of the Activating Receptor CD226 in CD8"}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "sup"}], "href": "sup"}, {"type": "t", "text": "+"}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "/sup"}], "href": "/sup"}, {"type": "t", "text": " T Cells."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Immunity (2020)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1016/j.immuni.2020.09.010"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.immuni.2020.09.010"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "33053330"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33053330"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 21, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Ailin Lepletier, Jason Madore, Jake S O'Donnell, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Tumor CD155 Expression Is Associated with Resistance to Anti-PD1 Immunotherapy in Metastatic Melanoma."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Clin Cancer Res (2020)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-19-3925"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-19-3925"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "32345648"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32345648"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 22, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "David P Sullivan, Michael A Seidman, William A Muller "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Poliovirus receptor (CD155) regulates a step in transendothelial migration between PECAM and CD99."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Am J Pathol (2013)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1016/j.ajpath.2012.11.037"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajpath.2012.11.037"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "23333754"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23333754"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 23, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Qianqian Zheng, Biao Wang, Jian Gao, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "CD155 knockdown promotes apoptosis via AKT/Bcl-2/Bax in colon cancer cells."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "J Cell Mol Med (2018)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1111/jcmm.13301"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/jcmm.13301"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "28816021"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28816021"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 24, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Béatrice Baury, Damien Masson, Brian M McDermott, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Identification of secreted CD155 isoforms."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Biochem Biophys Res Commun (2003)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1016/s0006-291x(03)01560-2"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/s0006-291x(03"}, {"type": "t", "text": "01560-2) PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "12943679"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12943679"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 25, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Toshiyuki Oda, Seii Ohka, Akio Nomoto "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Ligand stimulation of CD155alpha inhibits cell adhesion and enhances cell migration in fibroblasts."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Biochem Biophys Res Commun (2004)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1016/j.bbrc.2004.05.111"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbrc.2004.05.111"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "15194502"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15194502"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 26, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Genki Okumura, Akiko Iguchi-Manaka, Rikito Murata, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Tumor-derived soluble CD155 inhibits DNAM-1-mediated antitumor activity of natural killer cells."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "J Exp Med (2020)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1084/jem.20191290"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1084/jem.20191290"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "32040157"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32040157"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 27, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Cinzia Fionda, Maria Pia Abruzzese, Alessandra Zingoni, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Nitric oxide donors increase PVR/CD155 DNAM-1 ligand expression in multiple myeloma cells: role of DNA damage response activation."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "BMC Cancer (2015)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1186/s12885-015-1023-5"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1186/s12885-015-1023-5"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "25609078"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25609078"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 28, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Yukiko Minami, Wataru Ikeda, Mihoko Kajita, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Necl-5/poliovirus receptor interacts in cis with integrin alphaVbeta3 and regulates its clustering and focal complex formation."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "J Biol Chem (2007)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1074/jbc.M611330200"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M611330200"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "17446174"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17446174"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 29, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Jiuyu Gong, Liang Fang, Rongrong Liu, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "UPR decreases CD226 ligand CD155 expression and sensitivity to NK cell-mediated cytotoxicity in hepatoma cells."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Eur J Immunol (2014)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1002/eji.201444574"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1002/eji.201444574"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "25209846"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25209846"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 30, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Inga Ravens, Sebastian Seth, Reinhold Förster, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Characterization and identification of Tage4 as the murine orthologue of human poliovirus receptor/CD155."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Biochem Biophys Res Commun (2003)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1016/j.bbrc.2003.11.067"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbrc.2003.11.067"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "14652024"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14652024"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 31, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Felix A Deuss, Gabrielle M Watson, Zhihui Fu, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Structural Basis for CD96 Immune Receptor Recognition of Nectin-like Protein-5, CD155."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Structure (2019)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1016/j.str.2018.10.023"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.str.2018.10.023"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "30528596"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30528596"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 32, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Eric M Thompson, Michael Brown, Elena Dobrikova, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Poliovirus Receptor (CD155) Expression in Pediatric Brain Tumors Mediates Oncolysis of Medulloblastoma and Pleomorphic Xanthoastrocytoma."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "J Neuropathol Exp Neurol (2018)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1093/jnen/nly045"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1093/jnen/nly045"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "29878245"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29878245"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 33, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Daria Briukhovetska, Javier Suarez-Gosalvez, Cornelia Voigt, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "T cell-derived interleukin-22 drives the expression of CD155 by cancer cells to suppress NK cell function and promote metastasis."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Immunity (2023)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1016/j.immuni.2022.12.010"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.immuni.2022.12.010"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "36630913"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36630913"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 34, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Changkun Zhang, Yang Wang, Xiaodong Xun, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "TIGIT Can Exert Immunosuppressive Effects on CD8+ T Cells by the CD155/TIGIT Signaling Pathway for Hepatocellular Carcinoma In Vitro."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "J Immunother (2020)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1097/CJI.0000000000000330"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1097/CJI.0000000000000330"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "32804915"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32804915"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 35, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Hongmei Yong, Ronghui Cheng, Xia Li, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "CD155 expression and its prognostic value in postoperative patients with breast cancer."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Biomed Pharmacother (2019)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1016/j.biopha.2019.108884"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biopha.2019.108884"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "31035013"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31035013"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 36, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "David J Solecki, Matthias Gromeier, Steffen Mueller, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Expression of the human poliovirus receptor/CD155 gene is activated by sonic hedgehog."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "J Biol Chem (2002)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1074/jbc.M201378200"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M201378200"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "11983699"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11983699"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 37, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Steffen Mueller, Xuemei Cao, Reinhold Welker, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Interaction of the poliovirus receptor CD155 with the dynein light chain Tctex-1 and its implication for poliovirus pathogenesis."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "J Biol Chem (2002)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1074/jbc.M111937200"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M111937200"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "11751937"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11751937"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 38, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Seii Ohka, Norie Matsuda, Koujiro Tohyama, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Receptor (CD155)-dependent endocytosis of poliovirus and retrograde axonal transport of the endosome."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "J Virol (2004)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1128/JVI.78.13.7186-7198.2004"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1128/JVI.78.13.7186-7198.2004"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "15194795"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15194795"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 39, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Mike Strauss, David J Filman, David M Belnap, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Nectin-like interactions between poliovirus and its receptor trigger conformational changes associated with cell entry."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "J Virol (2015)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1128/JVI.03101-14"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1128/JVI.03101-14"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "25631086"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25631086"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 40, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Seii Ohka, Hiroko Igarashi, Noriyo Nagata, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Establishment of a poliovirus oral infection system in human poliovirus receptor-expressing transgenic mice that are deficient in alpha/beta interferon receptor."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "J Virol (2007)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1128/JVI.02675-06"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1128/JVI.02675-06"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "17507470"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17507470"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 41, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Johanna Tauriainen, Lydia Scharf, Juliet Frederiksen, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Perturbed CD8"}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "sup"}], "href": "sup"}, {"type": "t", "text": "+"}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "/sup"}], "href": "/sup"}, {"type": "t", "text": " T cell TIGIT/CD226/PVR axis despite early initiation of antiretroviral treatment in HIV infected individuals."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Sci Rep (2017)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1038/srep40354"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1038/srep40354"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "28084312"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28084312"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 42, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Dorothee Meyer, Sebastian Seth, Jana Albrecht, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "CD96 interaction with CD155 via its first Ig-like domain is modulated by alternative splicing or mutations in distal Ig-like domains."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "J Biol Chem (2009)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1074/jbc.M807698200"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M807698200"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "19056733"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19056733"}]}]}]}