RBL1 Gene

Name	retinoblastoma-like 1
Description	The protein encoded by this gene is similar in sequence and possibly function to the product of the retinoblastoma 1 (RB1) gene. The RB1 gene product is a tumor suppressor protein that appears to be involved in cell cycle regulation, as it is phosphorylated in the S to M phase transition and is dephosphorylated in the G1 phase of the cell cycle. Both the RB1 protein and the product of this gene can form a complex with adenovirus E1A protein and SV40 large T-antigen, with the SV40 large T-antigen binding only to the unphosphorylated form of each protein. In addition, both proteins can inhibit the transcription of cell cycle genes containing E2F binding sites in their promoters. Due to the sequence and biochemical similarities with the RB1 protein, it is thought that the protein encoded by this gene may also be a tumor suppressor. Two transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]
Summary	{"type": "root", "children": [{"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\nRBL1, which encodes the p107 pocket protein, is emerging as a multifaceted regulator of cell cycle progression and gene transcription. Functioning as a key inhibitor of E2F‐dependent gene expression, p107 interacts with specific transcription factors and coregulatory complexes to enforce cell cycle checkpoints. Its activity is tightly modulated by phosphorylation at defined serine/threonine residues—with CDK/cyclin complexes promoting p107 phosphorylation that in turn diminishes its association with promoter regions—while structural determinants enable selective binding to E2F family members. p107 also forms cell cycle phase–dependent complexes (for example, with Mip/LIN‑9 in early G₀/early G₁ and in conjunction with factors such as B‑Myb), thereby contributing to widely divergent transcriptional networks in different cellular contexts, including placental development where its expression is prominent in early gestation."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_fs", "start_ref": "1", "end_ref": "7"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n \nDisruption of p107 regulation or expression is linked to altered cellular responses under stress conditions and in tumor suppression. In settings of oxidative or DNA damage stress, p107 undergoes rapid dephosphorylation—mediated in part by PP2A—and its altered phosphorylation status is critical for enforcing G₂/M or S‑phase checkpoints. Overexpression studies reveal that p107 can inhibit cyclin‐dependent kinase 2 activity by stabilizing inhibitors such as p27 (in part through down‐regulation of Skp2), thereby delaying S phase entry. Moreover, in cancer cells responding to irradiation or other DNA‐damaging stimuli, p107 (together with its family partner p130) contributes to a senescence-like growth arrest, while viral proteins (e.g. HCMV UL97) can modify p107 function by phosphorylating it to relieve its repressive effects on E2F targets."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_fs", "start_ref": "8", "end_ref": "14"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n \nIn addition to its canonical role in cell cycle control, p107 is subject to dynamic regulation in differentiation, tissue-specific development, and oncogenic contexts. Its expression is modulated by promoter methylation in three-dimensional cell culture models—affecting radioresistance—and shows tissue-specific patterns, being transiently elevated during adipogenesis and variably expressed in developing neural and thyroid tissues. In cervical and prostate cancers, p107 not only participates in growth suppression but may also be co-opted by proteins such as MAGE-A11 to switch from a repressive to a transcriptionally activating role. Further, targeted dephosphorylation by selective PP2A holoenzymes underscores its integration into broader signaling networks that dictate both differentiation outcomes (as seen in foregut endoderm formation from pluripotent cells) and adaptations in metabolically active tissues such as skeletal muscle."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_fs", "start_ref": "15", "end_ref": "24"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n"}]}, {"type": "rg", "children": [{"type": "r", "ref": 1, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "I Cavallotti, L De Luca, A D'Aponte, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Expression of the retinoblastoma-related p107 and Rb2/p130 genes in human placenta: an immunohistochemical study."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Histol Histopathol (2001)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.14670/HH-16.1057"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.14670/HH-16.1057"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "11642725"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11642725"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 2, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Thomas Farkas, Klaus Hansen, Karin Holm, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Distinct phosphorylation events regulate p130- and p107-mediated repression of E2F-4."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "J Biol Chem (2002)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1074/jbc.M200381200"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M200381200"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "12006580"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12006580"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 3, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Manel Joaquin, Maria Bessa, Mark K Saville, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "B-Myb overcomes a p107-mediated cell proliferation block by interacting with an N-terminal domain of p107."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Oncogene (2002)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1038/sj.onc.1206001"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.onc.1206001"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "12439743"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12439743"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 4, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Egle Balciunaite, Alexander Spektor, Nathan H Lents, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Pocket protein complexes are recruited to distinct targets in quiescent and proliferating cells."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Mol Cell Biol (2005)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1128/MCB.25.18.8166-8178.2005"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1128/MCB.25.18.8166-8178.2005"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "16135806"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16135806"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 5, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "M Pilkinton, R Sandoval, O R Colamonici "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Mammalian Mip/LIN-9 interacts with either the p107, p130/E2F4 repressor complex or B-Myb in a cell cycle-phase-dependent context distinct from the Drosophila dREAM complex."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Oncogene (2007)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1038/sj.onc.1210562"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.onc.1210562"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "17563750"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17563750"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 6, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Kristy R Stengel, Chellappagounder Thangavel, David A Solomon, et al. 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"}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "A dynamic equilibrium between CDKs and PP2A modulates phosphorylation of pRB, p107 and p130."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Cell Cycle (2004)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.4161/cc.3.10.1183"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.4161/cc.3.10.1183"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "15467457"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15467457"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 10, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Geneviève Rodier, Constantin Makris, Philippe Coulombe, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "p107 inhibits G1 to S phase progression by down-regulating expression of the F-box protein Skp2."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "J Cell Biol (2005)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1083/jcb.200404146"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1083/jcb.200404146"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "15631990"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15631990"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 11, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Mark W Jackson, Mukesh K Agarwal, Jinbo Yang, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "p130/p107/p105Rb-dependent transcriptional repression during DNA-damage-induced cell-cycle exit at G2."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "J Cell Sci (2005)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1242/jcs.02307"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1242/jcs.02307"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "15827088"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15827088"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 12, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "James G Jackson, Olivia M Pereira-Smith "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Primary and compensatory roles for RB family members at cell cycle gene promoters that are deacetylated and downregulated in doxorubicin-induced senescence of breast cancer cells."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Mol Cell Biol (2006)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1128/MCB.26.7.2501-2510.2006"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1128/MCB.26.7.2501-2510.2006"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "16537896"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16537896"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 13, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Satoko Iwahori, Angie C Umaña, Halena R VanDeusen, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Human cytomegalovirus-encoded viral cyclin-dependent kinase (v-CDK) UL97 phosphorylates and inactivates the retinoblastoma protein-related p107 and p130 proteins."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "J Biol Chem (2017)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1074/jbc.M116.773150"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M116.773150"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "28289097"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28289097"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 14, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Brian D Lehmann, Adam M Brooks, Matthew S Paine, et al. 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"}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Decreased expression of p107 is correlated with anaplastic transformation in papillary carcinoma of the thyroid."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Anticancer Res (2003)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "14666683"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14666683"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 16, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Thanh U Barbie, David A Barbie, David T MacLaughlin, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Mullerian Inhibiting Substance inhibits cervical cancer cell growth via a pathway involving p130 and p107."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (2003)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1073/pnas.2636900100"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2636900100"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "14671316"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14671316"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 17, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Clarellen Spencer, Sanja Pajovic, Hollie Devlin, et al. 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"}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Proto-oncogene activity of melanoma antigen-A11 (MAGE-A11) regulates retinoblastoma-related p107 and E2F1 proteins."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "J Biol Chem (2013)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1074/jbc.M113.468579"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M113.468579"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "23853093"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23853093"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 20, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Dong Pan, Yaxiong Chen, Yarong Du, et al. 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"}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Expression of p107 and p130 during human adipose-derived stem cell adipogenesis."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Biochem Biophys Res Commun (2008)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1016/j.bbrc.2007.12.060"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbrc.2007.12.060"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "18086563"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18086563"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 24, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Shota Nakanoh, Juned Kadiwala, Laetitia Pinte, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Simultaneous depletion of RB, RBL1 and RBL2 affects endoderm differentiation of human embryonic stem cells."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "PLoS One (2022)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1371/journal.pone.0269122"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0269122"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "36413521"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36413521"}]}]}]}
Synonyms	CP107, P107, PRB1
Proteins	RBL1_HUMAN
NCBI Gene ID	5933
API
Download Associations
Predicted Functions
Co-expressed Genes
Expression in Tissues and Cell Lines

Functional Associations

RBL1 has 9,048 functional associations with biological entities spanning 9 categories (molecular profile, organism, functional term, phrase or reference, chemical, disease, phenotype or trait, structural feature, cell line, cell type or tissue, gene, protein or microRNA, sequence feature) extracted from 137 datasets.

Click the + buttons to view associations for RBL1 from the datasets below.

If available, associations are ranked by standardized value

Harmonizome 3.0

RBL1 Gene

Functional Associations

Please acknowledge the Harmonizome in your publications by citing the following reference(s):

	Dataset	Summary
	Allen Brain Atlas Adult Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles	tissues with high or low expression of RBL1 gene relative to other tissues from the Allen Brain Atlas Adult Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	Allen Brain Atlas Adult Mouse Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles	tissues with high or low expression of RBL1 gene relative to other tissues from the Allen Brain Atlas Adult Mouse Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	Allen Brain Atlas Developing Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles by Microarray	tissue samples with high or low expression of RBL1 gene relative to other tissue samples from the Allen Brain Atlas Developing Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles by Microarray dataset.
	Allen Brain Atlas Developing Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles by RNA-seq	tissue samples with high or low expression of RBL1 gene relative to other tissue samples from the Allen Brain Atlas Developing Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles by RNA-seq dataset.
	Allen Brain Atlas Prenatal Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles	tissues with high or low expression of RBL1 gene relative to other tissues from the Allen Brain Atlas Prenatal Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	Biocarta Pathways	pathways involving RBL1 protein from the Biocarta Pathways dataset.
	BioGPS Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles	cell lines with high or low expression of RBL1 gene relative to other cell lines from the BioGPS Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	BioGPS Human Cell Type and Tissue Gene Expression Profiles	cell types and tissues with high or low expression of RBL1 gene relative to other cell types and tissues from the BioGPS Human Cell Type and Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	BioGPS Mouse Cell Type and Tissue Gene Expression Profiles	cell types and tissues with high or low expression of RBL1 gene relative to other cell types and tissues from the BioGPS Mouse Cell Type and Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	Carcinogenome Chemical Perturbation Carcinogenicity Signatures	small molecule perturbations changing expression of RBL1 gene from the Carcinogenome Chemical Perturbation Carcinogenicity Signatures dataset.
	CCLE Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles	cell lines with high or low copy number of RBL1 gene relative to other cell lines from the CCLE Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles dataset.
	CCLE Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles	cell lines with high or low expression of RBL1 gene relative to other cell lines from the CCLE Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	CCLE Cell Line Gene Mutation Profiles	cell lines with RBL1 gene mutations from the CCLE Cell Line Gene Mutation Profiles dataset.
	CCLE Cell Line Proteomics	Cell lines associated with RBL1 protein from the CCLE Cell Line Proteomics dataset.
	CellMarker Gene-Cell Type Associations	cell types associated with RBL1 gene from the CellMarker Gene-Cell Type Associations dataset.
	ChEA Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles	transcription factor binding site profiles with transcription factor binding evidence at the promoter of RBL1 gene from the CHEA Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles dataset.
	ChEA Transcription Factor Targets	transcription factors binding the promoter of RBL1 gene in low- or high-throughput transcription factor functional studies from the CHEA Transcription Factor Targets dataset.
	ChEA Transcription Factor Targets 2022	transcription factors binding the promoter of RBL1 gene in low- or high-throughput transcription factor functional studies from the CHEA Transcription Factor Targets 2022 dataset.
	CM4AI KOLF21J CRISPRi Gene Perturbation Atlas	gene perturbations changing expression of RBL1 gene from the CM4AI KOLF21J CRISPRi Gene Perturbation Atlas dataset.
	CM4AI U2OS Cell Map Protein Localization Assemblies	assemblies containing RBL1 protein from integrated AP-MS and IF data from the CM4AI U2OS Cell Map Protein Localization Assemblies dataset.
	CMAP Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Small Molecules	small molecule perturbations changing expression of RBL1 gene from the CMAP Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Small Molecules dataset.
	COMPARTMENTS Curated Protein Localization Evidence Scores	cellular components containing RBL1 protein from the COMPARTMENTS Curated Protein Localization Evidence Scores dataset.
	COMPARTMENTS Experimental Protein Localization Evidence Scores	cellular components containing RBL1 protein in low- or high-throughput protein localization assays from the COMPARTMENTS Experimental Protein Localization Evidence Scores dataset.
	COMPARTMENTS Experimental Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025	cellular components containing RBL1 protein in low- or high-throughput protein localization assays from the COMPARTMENTS Experimental Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025 dataset.
	COMPARTMENTS Text-mining Protein Localization Evidence Scores	cellular components co-occuring with RBL1 protein in abstracts of biomedical publications from the COMPARTMENTS Text-mining Protein Localization Evidence Scores dataset.
	COMPARTMENTS Text-mining Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025	cellular components co-occuring with RBL1 protein in abstracts of biomedical publications from the COMPARTMENTS Text-mining Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025 dataset.
	CORUM Protein Complexes	protein complexs containing RBL1 protein from the CORUM Protein Complexes dataset.
	COSMIC Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles	cell lines with high or low copy number of RBL1 gene relative to other cell lines from the COSMIC Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles dataset.
	COSMIC Cell Line Gene Mutation Profiles	cell lines with RBL1 gene mutations from the COSMIC Cell Line Gene Mutation Profiles dataset.
	CTD Gene-Chemical Interactions	chemicals interacting with RBL1 gene/protein from the curated CTD Gene-Chemical Interactions dataset.
	CTD Gene-Disease Associations	diseases associated with RBL1 gene/protein from the curated CTD Gene-Disease Associations dataset.
	DeepCoverMOA Drug Mechanisms of Action	small molecule perturbations with high or low expression of RBL1 protein relative to other small molecule perturbations from the DeepCoverMOA Drug Mechanisms of Action dataset.
	DepMap CRISPR Gene Dependency	cell lines with fitness changed by RBL1 gene knockdown relative to other cell lines from the DepMap CRISPR Gene Dependency dataset.
	DEPOD Substrates of Phosphatases	phosphatases that dephosphorylate RBL1 protein from the curated DEPOD Substrates of Phosphatases dataset.
	DGIdb Drug Targets 2026	interacting drugs for RBL1 protein from the DGIdb Drug Targets 2026 dataset.
	DISEASES Text-mining Gene-Disease Association Evidence Scores	diseases co-occuring with RBL1 gene in abstracts of biomedical publications from the DISEASES Text-mining Gene-Disease Assocation Evidence Scores dataset.
	DISEASES Text-mining Gene-Disease Association Evidence Scores 2025	diseases co-occuring with RBL1 gene in abstracts of biomedical publications from the DISEASES Text-mining Gene-Disease Assocation Evidence Scores 2025 dataset.
	DisGeNET Gene-Disease Associations	diseases associated with RBL1 gene in GWAS and other genetic association datasets from the DisGeNET Gene-Disease Associations dataset.
	DisGeNET Gene-Phenotype Associations	phenotypes associated with RBL1 gene in GWAS and other genetic association datasets from the DisGeNET Gene-Phenoptype Associations dataset.
	ENCODE Histone Modification Site Profiles	histone modification site profiles with high histone modification abundance at RBL1 gene from the ENCODE Histone Modification Site Profiles dataset.