{"type": "root", "children": [{"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\nStructural maintenance of chromosomes 2 (SMC2) is a core subunit of the condensin complex that is essential for proper chromosome condensation, segregation, and overall genomic stability during mitosis. Detailed structural studies have demonstrated that SMC2 dimerizes through its hinge domain with its partner SMC4, forming a characteristic V‐shaped heterodimer that not only organizes higher order chromatin structures but also provides a unique interface for DNA engagement. Moreover, alterations or mutations in condensin components, including SMC2, have been linked to chromosome missegregation and genomic instability observed in malignancies such as pyothorax‐associated lymphoma."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_fs", "start_ref": "1", "end_ref": "4"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n\n"}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\nTranscriptional regulation of SMC2 plays a critical role in linking mitogenic signaling pathways to the mitotic machinery. In one study, direct binding of the β‐catenin·TCF4 complex to the SMC2 promoter under WNT pathway activation was shown to drive its transcription, thereby enhancing cell proliferation. Similarly, in neuroblastoma, the oncogenic transcription factor MYCN upregulates SMC2, and its subsequent downregulation elicits a DNA damage response, underscoring SMC2’s role in both cell cycle progression and the maintenance of genomic integrity. The occurrence of SMC2 frameshift mutations particularly in tumors with microsatellite instability further reinforces its involvement in tumorigenesis."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_fs", "start_ref": "5", "end_ref": "7"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n\n"}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\nBeyond its fundamental cellular role, altered SMC2 expression and genetic variants have been implicated in the pathogenesis of diverse cancer types. A genome‐wide association study has identified specific single nucleotide polymorphisms in SMC2 that are associated with an increased risk of pancreatic cancer, while in bladder cancer, knockdown of SMC2 has been shown to reduce tumor cell proliferation and promote apoptosis. In lung adenocarcinoma models, silencing SMC2 leads to the upregulation of tumor suppressors such as BTG2 and the inactivation of key oncogenic ERK and AKT pathways, thereby impeding malignant progression. Collectively, these findings position SMC2 not only as a critical regulator of cell division but also as a promising target for therapeutic intervention in cancer."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_fs", "start_ref": "8", "end_ref": "10"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n"}]}, {"type": "rg", "children": [{"type": "r", "ref": 1, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Maria Francisca Ham, Tetsuya Takakuwa, Nur Rahadiani, et al. 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"}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Streptavidin-Binding Peptide (SBP)-tagged SMC2 allows single-step affinity fluorescence, blotting or purification of the condensin complex."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "BMC Biochem (2010)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1186/1471-2091-11-50"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2091-11-50"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "21194474"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21194474"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 4, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Susumu Uchiyama, Kazuki Kawahara, Yuki Hosokawa, et al. 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