STX12 Gene

HGNC Family	Syntaxins (STX)
Name	syntaxin 12
Description	Predicted to enable SNAP receptor activity and SNARE binding activity. Involved in autophagosome assembly; cholesterol efflux; and protein stabilization. Located in several cellular components, including BLOC-1 complex; phagocytic vesicle; and phagophore assembly site. Part of SNARE complex. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]
Summary	{"type": "root", "children": [{"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\nSTX12, also known as syntaxin 13, is a recycling endosomal Qa-SNARE that orchestrates diverse vesicular trafficking processes essential for cellular homeostasis. It has been implicated in the secretion of matrix metalloproteinases during extracellular matrix remodeling and in the regulation of lipid efflux via direct interaction with the cholesterol transporter ABCA1, thereby linking SNARE‐dependent membrane fusion events to both matrix degradation and lipid metabolism."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "1"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n\n"}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\nIn addition, STX12 plays a pivotal role in autophagy and tumor cell invasion. Its depletion or functional inhibition impairs autophagosome maturation by causing an accumulation of LC3‐ and Atg5‐positive structures, demonstrating its importance in the macroautophagy pathway. Moreover, SNARE-mediated delivery of signaling molecules such as Src and EGFR to nascent invadopodia depends on STX12, thereby facilitating β1 integrin–dependent tyrosine kinase activation, matrix degradation, and tumor cell invasion."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "3"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n\n"}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\nSTX12 is also integral to the biogenesis of specialized organelles. In melanocytes, it directs the trafficking of melanosomal proteins from tubular recycling endosomes to maturing melanosomes and, in concert with the v-SNARE VAMP7, mediates the fusion critical for pigment granule maturation. This process relies on interactions with sorting complexes such as AP-3 and BLOC-1 that ensure proper cargo selection. Similarly, in megakaryocytes, STX12 interacts with the VPS16B/VPS33B complex and components of the endosomal CCC complex, thereby contributing to α-granule formation and the maintenance of granule protein levels."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_fs", "start_ref": "5", "end_ref": "7"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n"}]}, {"type": "rg", "children": [{"type": "r", "ref": 1, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Michelle J Kean, Karla C Williams, Michael Skalski, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "VAMP3, syntaxin-13 and SNAP23 are involved in secretion of matrix metalloproteinases, degradation of the extracellular matrix and cell invasion."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "J Cell Sci (2009)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1242/jcs.052761"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1242/jcs.052761"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "19910495"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19910495"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 2, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Salim Maa Bared, Christa Buechler, Alfred Boettcher, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Association of ABCA1 with syntaxin 13 and flotillin-1 and enhanced phagocytosis in tangier cells."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Mol Biol Cell (2004)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1091/mbc.e04-03-0182"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1091/mbc.e04-03-0182"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "15469992"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15469992"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 3, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Yubing Lu, Zhijun Zhang, Danqiong Sun, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Syntaxin 13, a genetic modifier of mutant CHMP2B in frontotemporal dementia, is required for autophagosome maturation."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Mol Cell (2013)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1016/j.molcel.2013.08.041"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.molcel.2013.08.041"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "24095276"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24095276"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 4, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Karla C Williams, Marc G Coppolino "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "SNARE-dependent interaction of Src, EGFR and β1 integrin regulates invadopodia formation and tumor cell invasion."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "J Cell Sci (2014)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1242/jcs.134734"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1242/jcs.134734"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "24496451"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24496451"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 5, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Riddhi Atul Jani, Latha Kallur Purushothaman, Shikha Rani, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "STX13 regulates cargo delivery from recycling endosomes during melanosome biogenesis."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "J Cell Sci (2015)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1242/jcs.171165"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1242/jcs.171165"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "26208634"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26208634"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 6, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Shanna L Bowman, Linh Le, Yueyao Zhu, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "A BLOC-1-AP-3 super-complex sorts a cis-SNARE complex into endosome-derived tubular transport carriers."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "J Cell Biol (2021)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1083/jcb.202005173"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1083/jcb.202005173"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "33886957"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33886957"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 7, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Andrea L Ambrosio, Hallie P Febvre, Santiago M Di Pietro "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Syntaxin 12 and COMMD3 are new factors that function with VPS33B in the biogenesis of platelet α-granules."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Blood (2022)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1182/blood.2021012056"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1182/blood.2021012056"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "34905616"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34905616"}]}]}]}
Synonyms	STX13, STX14
Proteins	STX12_HUMAN
NCBI Gene ID	23673
API
Download Associations
Predicted Functions
Co-expressed Genes
Expression in Tissues and Cell Lines

Functional Associations

STX12 has 6,524 functional associations with biological entities spanning 8 categories (molecular profile, organism, chemical, functional term, phrase or reference, disease, phenotype or trait, structural feature, cell line, cell type or tissue, gene, protein or microRNA) extracted from 118 datasets.

Click the + buttons to view associations for STX12 from the datasets below.

If available, associations are ranked by standardized value

Harmonizome 3.0

STX12 Gene

Functional Associations

Please acknowledge the Harmonizome in your publications by citing the following reference(s):

	Dataset	Summary
	Achilles Cell Line Gene Essentiality Profiles	cell lines with fitness changed by STX12 gene knockdown relative to other cell lines from the Achilles Cell Line Gene Essentiality Profiles dataset.
	Allen Brain Atlas Adult Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles	tissues with high or low expression of STX12 gene relative to other tissues from the Allen Brain Atlas Adult Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	Allen Brain Atlas Adult Mouse Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles	tissues with high or low expression of STX12 gene relative to other tissues from the Allen Brain Atlas Adult Mouse Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	Allen Brain Atlas Aging Dementia and Traumatic Brain Injury Tissue Sample Gene Expression Profiles	tissue samples with high or low expression of STX12 gene relative to other tissue samples from the Allen Brain Atlas Aging Dementia and Traumatic Brain Injury Tissue Sample Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	Allen Brain Atlas Developing Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles by Microarray	tissue samples with high or low expression of STX12 gene relative to other tissue samples from the Allen Brain Atlas Developing Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles by Microarray dataset.
	Allen Brain Atlas Developing Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles by RNA-seq	tissue samples with high or low expression of STX12 gene relative to other tissue samples from the Allen Brain Atlas Developing Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles by RNA-seq dataset.
	Allen Brain Atlas Prenatal Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles	tissues with high or low expression of STX12 gene relative to other tissues from the Allen Brain Atlas Prenatal Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	BioGPS Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles	cell lines with high or low expression of STX12 gene relative to other cell lines from the BioGPS Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	BioGPS Human Cell Type and Tissue Gene Expression Profiles	cell types and tissues with high or low expression of STX12 gene relative to other cell types and tissues from the BioGPS Human Cell Type and Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	BioGPS Mouse Cell Type and Tissue Gene Expression Profiles	cell types and tissues with high or low expression of STX12 gene relative to other cell types and tissues from the BioGPS Mouse Cell Type and Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	Carcinogenome Chemical Perturbation Carcinogenicity Signatures	small molecule perturbations changing expression of STX12 gene from the Carcinogenome Chemical Perturbation Carcinogenicity Signatures dataset.
	CCLE Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles	cell lines with high or low copy number of STX12 gene relative to other cell lines from the CCLE Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles dataset.
	CCLE Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles	cell lines with high or low expression of STX12 gene relative to other cell lines from the CCLE Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	CCLE Cell Line Proteomics	Cell lines associated with STX12 protein from the CCLE Cell Line Proteomics dataset.
	ChEA Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles	transcription factor binding site profiles with transcription factor binding evidence at the promoter of STX12 gene from the CHEA Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles dataset.
	ChEA Transcription Factor Targets	transcription factors binding the promoter of STX12 gene in low- or high-throughput transcription factor functional studies from the CHEA Transcription Factor Targets dataset.
	ChEA Transcription Factor Targets 2022	transcription factors binding the promoter of STX12 gene in low- or high-throughput transcription factor functional studies from the CHEA Transcription Factor Targets 2022 dataset.
	CM4AI U2OS Cell Map Protein Localization Assemblies	assemblies containing STX12 protein from integrated AP-MS and IF data from the CM4AI U2OS Cell Map Protein Localization Assemblies dataset.
	CMAP Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Small Molecules	small molecule perturbations changing expression of STX12 gene from the CMAP Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Small Molecules dataset.
	COMPARTMENTS Curated Protein Localization Evidence Scores	cellular components containing STX12 protein from the COMPARTMENTS Curated Protein Localization Evidence Scores dataset.
	COMPARTMENTS Curated Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025	cellular components containing STX12 protein from the COMPARTMENTS Curated Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025 dataset.
	COMPARTMENTS Experimental Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025	cellular components containing STX12 protein in low- or high-throughput protein localization assays from the COMPARTMENTS Experimental Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025 dataset.
	COMPARTMENTS Text-mining Protein Localization Evidence Scores	cellular components co-occuring with STX12 protein in abstracts of biomedical publications from the COMPARTMENTS Text-mining Protein Localization Evidence Scores dataset.
	COMPARTMENTS Text-mining Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025	cellular components co-occuring with STX12 protein in abstracts of biomedical publications from the COMPARTMENTS Text-mining Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025 dataset.
	CORUM Protein Complexes	protein complexs containing STX12 protein from the CORUM Protein Complexes dataset.
	COSMIC Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles	cell lines with high or low copy number of STX12 gene relative to other cell lines from the COSMIC Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles dataset.
	COSMIC Cell Line Gene Mutation Profiles	cell lines with STX12 gene mutations from the COSMIC Cell Line Gene Mutation Profiles dataset.
	CTD Gene-Chemical Interactions	chemicals interacting with STX12 gene/protein from the curated CTD Gene-Chemical Interactions dataset.
	CTD Gene-Disease Associations	diseases associated with STX12 gene/protein from the curated CTD Gene-Disease Associations dataset.
	DeepCoverMOA Drug Mechanisms of Action	small molecule perturbations with high or low expression of STX12 protein relative to other small molecule perturbations from the DeepCoverMOA Drug Mechanisms of Action dataset.
	DepMap CRISPR Gene Dependency	cell lines with fitness changed by STX12 gene knockdown relative to other cell lines from the DepMap CRISPR Gene Dependency dataset.
	DISEASES Experimental Gene-Disease Association Evidence Scores	diseases associated with STX12 gene in GWAS datasets from the DISEASES Experimental Gene-Disease Assocation Evidence Scores dataset.
	DISEASES Text-mining Gene-Disease Association Evidence Scores	diseases co-occuring with STX12 gene in abstracts of biomedical publications from the DISEASES Text-mining Gene-Disease Assocation Evidence Scores dataset.
	DISEASES Text-mining Gene-Disease Association Evidence Scores 2025	diseases co-occuring with STX12 gene in abstracts of biomedical publications from the DISEASES Text-mining Gene-Disease Assocation Evidence Scores 2025 dataset.
	DisGeNET Gene-Disease Associations	diseases associated with STX12 gene in GWAS and other genetic association datasets from the DisGeNET Gene-Disease Associations dataset.
	DisGeNET Gene-Phenotype Associations	phenotypes associated with STX12 gene in GWAS and other genetic association datasets from the DisGeNET Gene-Phenoptype Associations dataset.
	ENCODE Histone Modification Site Profiles	histone modification site profiles with high histone modification abundance at STX12 gene from the ENCODE Histone Modification Site Profiles dataset.
	ENCODE Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles	transcription factor binding site profiles with transcription factor binding evidence at the promoter of STX12 gene from the ENCODE Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles dataset.
	ENCODE Transcription Factor Targets	transcription factors binding the promoter of STX12 gene in ChIP-seq datasets from the ENCODE Transcription Factor Targets dataset.
	ESCAPE Omics Signatures of Genes and Proteins for Stem Cells	PubMedIDs of publications reporting gene signatures containing STX12 from the ESCAPE Omics Signatures of Genes and Proteins for Stem Cells dataset.