TCF20 Gene

Name	transcription factor 20 (AR1)
Description	This gene encodes a transcription factor that recognizes the platelet-derived growth factor-responsive element in the matrix metalloproteinase 3 promoter. The encoded protein is thought to be a transcriptional coactivator, enhancing the activity of transcription factors such as JUN and SP1. Mutations in this gene are associated with autism spectrum disorders. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Sep 2015]
Summary	{"type": "root", "children": [{"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\nA review of the provided literature reveals a dominant focus on cell signaling events—particularly those mediated by protein kinase C‑θ (PKC‑θ)—in the regulation of metabolic homeostasis. Several studies demonstrate that activation of PKC‑θ in skeletal muscle and other tissues contributes to insulin resistance by interfering with insulin receptor substrate functions and downstream signaling (e.g., reduced tyrosine phosphorylation of IRS‑1, impaired Akt activation). These findings underscore the potential of PKC‑θ as a therapeutic target in obesity‐induced type 2 diabetes and related metabolic disorders."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_fs", "start_ref": "1", "end_ref": "4"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n\n"}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\nOther studies concentrate on the immunological roles of PKC‑θ, illustrating its critical function in T cell receptor–mediated activation, immunological synapse formation, and subsequent differentiation of T helper cell subsets. In these contexts, PKC‑θ influences the spatial organization of signaling molecules (including its own recruitment to central regions of the immunological synapse), modulates NF‑κB and AP‑1 transcriptional responses, and shapes cytokine production patterns essential for both effector T cell responses and regulatory T cell development."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_fs", "start_ref": "5", "end_ref": "9"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n\n"}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\nNotably, however, none of the abstracts directly address the function of transcription factor TCF20. Although some genetic studies mention other members of the TCF family—such as TCF2 and TCF7L2—in the context of type 2 diabetes susceptibility and altered pancreatic islet function, TCF20 itself is absent from these investigations. As a result, while the literature provides extensive insights into PKC‑θ–driven signaling mechanisms in metabolic and immunological contexts, the role of TCF20 remains undefined in the collection of studies provided."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_fs", "start_ref": "10", "end_ref": "12"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n"}]}, {"type": "rg", "children": [{"type": "r", "ref": 1, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Jason K Kim, Jonathan J Fillmore, Mary Jean Sunshine, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "PKC-theta knockout mice are protected from fat-induced insulin resistance."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "J Clin Invest (2004)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1172/JCI22230"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1172/JCI22230"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "15372106"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15372106"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 2, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Yu Li, Timothy J Soos, Xinghai Li, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Protein kinase C Theta inhibits insulin signaling by phosphorylating IRS1 at Ser(1101)."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "J Biol Chem (2004)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1074/jbc.C400186200"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.C400186200"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "15364919"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15364919"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 3, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Deanna Haasch, Cathleen Berg, Jill E Clampit, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "PKCtheta is a key player in the development of insulin resistance."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Biochem Biophys Res Commun (2006)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1016/j.bbrc.2006.02.177"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbrc.2006.02.177"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "16545776"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16545776"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 4, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Zhanguo Gao, Zhong Wang, Xiaoying Zhang, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Inactivation of PKCtheta leads to increased susceptibility to obesity and dietary insulin resistance in mice."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab (2007)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1152/ajpendo.00178.2006"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1152/ajpendo.00178.2006"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "16896164"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16896164"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 5, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Tasha N Sims, Timothy J Soos, Harry S Xenias, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Opposing effects of PKCtheta and WASp on symmetry breaking and relocation of the immunological synapse."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Cell (2007)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1016/j.cell.2007.03.037"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2007.03.037"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "17512410"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17512410"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 6, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Benjamin J Marsland, Timothy J Soos, Gerald Späth, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Protein kinase C theta is critical for the development of in vivo T helper (Th)2 cell but not Th1 cell responses."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "J Exp Med (2004)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1084/jem.20032229"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1084/jem.20032229"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "15263025"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15263025"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 7, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Guilin Qiao, Zhenping Li, Luciana Molinero, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "T-cell receptor-induced NF-kappaB activation is negatively regulated by E3 ubiquitin ligase Cbl-b."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Mol Cell Biol (2008)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1128/MCB.01505-07"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1128/MCB.01505-07"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "18227156"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18227156"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 8, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Santhakumar Manicassamy, Maureen Sadim, Richard D Ye, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Differential roles of PKC-theta in the regulation of intracellular calcium concentration in primary T cells."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "J Mol Biol (2006)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1016/j.jmb.2005.10.043"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmb.2005.10.043"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "16309697"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16309697"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 9, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Myung-Ja Kwon, Jian Ma, Yan Ding, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Protein kinase C-θ promotes Th17 differentiation via upregulation of Stat3."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "J Immunol (2012)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.4049/jimmunol.1102941"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.1102941"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "22586032"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22586032"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 10, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Xueyao Han, Yingying Luo, Qian Ren, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Implication of genetic variants near SLC30A8, HHEX, CDKAL1, CDKN2A/B, IGF2BP2, FTO, TCF2, KCNQ1, and WFS1 in type 2 diabetes in a Chinese population."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "BMC Med Genet (2010)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1186/1471-2350-11-81"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2350-11-81"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "20509872"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20509872"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 11, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Stephanie-May Ruchat, Cathy E Elks, Ruth J F Loos, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Association between insulin secretion, insulin sensitivity and type 2 diabetes susceptibility variants identified in genome-wide association studies."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Acta Diabetol (2009)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1007/s00592-008-0080-5"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s00592-008-0080-5"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "19082521"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19082521"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 12, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Albert M Levin, Mitchell J Machiela, Kimberly A Zuhlke, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Chromosome 17q12 variants contribute to risk of early-onset prostate cancer."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Cancer Res (2008)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-08-0348"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-08-0348"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "18701471"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18701471"}]}]}]}
Synonyms	TCF-20, SPBP, AR1
Proteins	TCF20_HUMAN
NCBI Gene ID	6942
API
Download Associations
Predicted Functions
Co-expressed Genes
Expression in Tissues and Cell Lines

Functional Associations

TCF20 has 5,738 functional associations with biological entities spanning 8 categories (molecular profile, organism, chemical, disease, phenotype or trait, functional term, phrase or reference, structural feature, cell line, cell type or tissue, gene, protein or microRNA) extracted from 125 datasets.

Click the + buttons to view associations for TCF20 from the datasets below.

If available, associations are ranked by standardized value

Harmonizome 3.0

TCF20 Gene

Functional Associations

Please acknowledge the Harmonizome in your publications by citing the following reference(s):

	Dataset	Summary
	Achilles Cell Line Gene Essentiality Profiles	cell lines with fitness changed by TCF20 gene knockdown relative to other cell lines from the Achilles Cell Line Gene Essentiality Profiles dataset.
	Allen Brain Atlas Adult Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles	tissues with high or low expression of TCF20 gene relative to other tissues from the Allen Brain Atlas Adult Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	Allen Brain Atlas Adult Mouse Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles	tissues with high or low expression of TCF20 gene relative to other tissues from the Allen Brain Atlas Adult Mouse Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	Allen Brain Atlas Aging Dementia and Traumatic Brain Injury Tissue Sample Gene Expression Profiles	tissue samples with high or low expression of TCF20 gene relative to other tissue samples from the Allen Brain Atlas Aging Dementia and Traumatic Brain Injury Tissue Sample Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	Allen Brain Atlas Developing Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles by Microarray	tissue samples with high or low expression of TCF20 gene relative to other tissue samples from the Allen Brain Atlas Developing Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles by Microarray dataset.
	Allen Brain Atlas Developing Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles by RNA-seq	tissue samples with high or low expression of TCF20 gene relative to other tissue samples from the Allen Brain Atlas Developing Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles by RNA-seq dataset.
	Allen Brain Atlas Prenatal Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles	tissues with high or low expression of TCF20 gene relative to other tissues from the Allen Brain Atlas Prenatal Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	BioGPS Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles	cell lines with high or low expression of TCF20 gene relative to other cell lines from the BioGPS Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	BioGPS Human Cell Type and Tissue Gene Expression Profiles	cell types and tissues with high or low expression of TCF20 gene relative to other cell types and tissues from the BioGPS Human Cell Type and Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	BioGPS Mouse Cell Type and Tissue Gene Expression Profiles	cell types and tissues with high or low expression of TCF20 gene relative to other cell types and tissues from the BioGPS Mouse Cell Type and Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	Carcinogenome Chemical Perturbation Carcinogenicity Signatures	small molecule perturbations changing expression of TCF20 gene from the Carcinogenome Chemical Perturbation Carcinogenicity Signatures dataset.
	CCLE Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles	cell lines with high or low copy number of TCF20 gene relative to other cell lines from the CCLE Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles dataset.
	CCLE Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles	cell lines with high or low expression of TCF20 gene relative to other cell lines from the CCLE Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	CCLE Cell Line Proteomics	Cell lines associated with TCF20 protein from the CCLE Cell Line Proteomics dataset.
	CellMarker Gene-Cell Type Associations	cell types associated with TCF20 gene from the CellMarker Gene-Cell Type Associations dataset.
	ChEA Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles	transcription factor binding site profiles with transcription factor binding evidence at the promoter of TCF20 gene from the CHEA Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles dataset.
	ChEA Transcription Factor Targets	transcription factors binding the promoter of TCF20 gene in low- or high-throughput transcription factor functional studies from the CHEA Transcription Factor Targets dataset.
	ChEA Transcription Factor Targets 2022	transcription factors binding the promoter of TCF20 gene in low- or high-throughput transcription factor functional studies from the CHEA Transcription Factor Targets 2022 dataset.
	ClinVar Gene-Phenotype Associations 2025	phenotypes associated with TCF20 gene from the curated ClinVar Gene-Phenotype Associations 2025 dataset.
	CMAP Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Small Molecules	small molecule perturbations changing expression of TCF20 gene from the CMAP Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Small Molecules dataset.
	COMPARTMENTS Curated Protein Localization Evidence Scores	cellular components containing TCF20 protein from the COMPARTMENTS Curated Protein Localization Evidence Scores dataset.
	COMPARTMENTS Curated Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025	cellular components containing TCF20 protein from the COMPARTMENTS Curated Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025 dataset.
	COMPARTMENTS Experimental Protein Localization Evidence Scores	cellular components containing TCF20 protein in low- or high-throughput protein localization assays from the COMPARTMENTS Experimental Protein Localization Evidence Scores dataset.
	COMPARTMENTS Experimental Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025	cellular components containing TCF20 protein in low- or high-throughput protein localization assays from the COMPARTMENTS Experimental Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025 dataset.
	COMPARTMENTS Text-mining Protein Localization Evidence Scores	cellular components co-occuring with TCF20 protein in abstracts of biomedical publications from the COMPARTMENTS Text-mining Protein Localization Evidence Scores dataset.
	COMPARTMENTS Text-mining Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025	cellular components co-occuring with TCF20 protein in abstracts of biomedical publications from the COMPARTMENTS Text-mining Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025 dataset.
	COSMIC Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles	cell lines with high or low copy number of TCF20 gene relative to other cell lines from the COSMIC Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles dataset.
	COSMIC Cell Line Gene Mutation Profiles	cell lines with TCF20 gene mutations from the COSMIC Cell Line Gene Mutation Profiles dataset.
	CTD Gene-Chemical Interactions	chemicals interacting with TCF20 gene/protein from the curated CTD Gene-Chemical Interactions dataset.
	CTD Gene-Disease Associations	diseases associated with TCF20 gene/protein from the curated CTD Gene-Disease Associations dataset.
	DepMap CRISPR Gene Dependency	cell lines with fitness changed by TCF20 gene knockdown relative to other cell lines from the DepMap CRISPR Gene Dependency dataset.
	DISEASES Experimental Gene-Disease Association Evidence Scores 2025	diseases associated with TCF20 gene in GWAS datasets from the DISEASES Experimental Gene-Disease Assocation Evidence Scores 2025 dataset.
	DISEASES Text-mining Gene-Disease Association Evidence Scores	diseases co-occuring with TCF20 gene in abstracts of biomedical publications from the DISEASES Text-mining Gene-Disease Assocation Evidence Scores dataset.
	DISEASES Text-mining Gene-Disease Association Evidence Scores 2025	diseases co-occuring with TCF20 gene in abstracts of biomedical publications from the DISEASES Text-mining Gene-Disease Assocation Evidence Scores 2025 dataset.
	DisGeNET Gene-Disease Associations	diseases associated with TCF20 gene in GWAS and other genetic association datasets from the DisGeNET Gene-Disease Associations dataset.
	DisGeNET Gene-Phenotype Associations	phenotypes associated with TCF20 gene in GWAS and other genetic association datasets from the DisGeNET Gene-Phenoptype Associations dataset.
	ENCODE Histone Modification Site Profiles	histone modification site profiles with high histone modification abundance at TCF20 gene from the ENCODE Histone Modification Site Profiles dataset.
	ENCODE Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles	transcription factor binding site profiles with transcription factor binding evidence at the promoter of TCF20 gene from the ENCODE Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles dataset.
	ENCODE Transcription Factor Targets	transcription factors binding the promoter of TCF20 gene in ChIP-seq datasets from the ENCODE Transcription Factor Targets dataset.
	ESCAPE Omics Signatures of Genes and Proteins for Stem Cells	PubMedIDs of publications reporting gene signatures containing TCF20 from the ESCAPE Omics Signatures of Genes and Proteins for Stem Cells dataset.