{"type": "root", "children": [{"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\nTERB2 is an essential component of the tripartite meiotic telomere complex and plays a critical role in ensuring proper meiotic progression and germ cell development. Mutations in TERB2 disrupt its function, as evidenced by compound heterozygous frameshift variants that segregate with non‐obstructive azoospermia, a condition characterized by impaired spermatogenesis and germ cell maturation arrest. These findings underscore the importance of intact TERB2 function for the formation of the meiotic telomere complex and normal fertility."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "1"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": ""}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n\n"}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\nStructural studies have revealed that TERB2 serves as the central linking protein within the complex through its specific interactions with TERB1 and MAJIN. Disruption of the TERB1–TERB2 or TERB2–MAJIN interaction abolishes the stable attachment of telomeres to the nuclear envelope during meiotic prophase I, leading to aberrant homologous pairing and faulty synapsis. This highlights the indispensable role of TERB2 in establishing the molecular bridge between telomeres and nuclear structures during meiosis."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "2"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": ""}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n\n"}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\nComplementary investigations into the molecular architecture of the meiotic telomere complex further demonstrate that the MAJIN–TERB2 heterotetramer robustly binds telomeric DNA and is tethered to the inner nuclear membrane via long flexible linkers. This configuration not only recruits additional telomere-associated proteins, such as the TRF1-bound TERB1 complex, but also facilitates the formation of a mature attachment plate that is essential for transmitting cytoskeletal forces to drive rapid, coordinated chromosomal movements during meiosis."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "3"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": ""}]}, {"type": "rg", "children": [{"type": "r", "ref": 1, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Albert Salas-Huetos, Frank Tüttelmann, Margot J Wyrwoll, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Disruption of human meiotic telomere complex genes TERB1, TERB2 and MAJIN in men with non-obstructive azoospermia."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Hum Genet (2021)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1007/s00439-020-02236-1"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s00439-020-02236-1"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "33211200"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33211200"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 2, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Yan Wang, Yanyan Chen, Juan Chen, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "The meiotic TERB1-TERB2-MAJIN complex tethers telomeres to the nuclear envelope."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Nat Commun (2019)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1038/s41467-019-08437-1"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-019-08437-1"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "30718482"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30718482"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 3, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "James M Dunce, Amy E Milburn, Manickam Gurusaran, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Structural basis of meiotic telomere attachment to the nuclear envelope by MAJIN-TERB2-TERB1."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Nat Commun (2018)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1038/s41467-018-07794-7"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-018-07794-7"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "30559341"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30559341"}]}]}]}