{"type": "root", "children": [{"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\nTRAF7 is an atypical member of the tumor necrosis factor receptor‐associated factor family whose structure is defined by an N‑terminal RING finger domain, several zinc finger motifs, and C‑terminal WD40 repeats that mediate its E3 ubiquitin ligase activity. Experimental evidence shows that TRAF7 interacts with kinases such as MEKK3 to potentiate AP1 and CHOP activation, thereby triggering caspase‐dependent apoptosis (["}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "1"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "]). In addition, TRAF7 associates with key NF‑κB pathway components including NEMO and p65, promoting Lys‑29–linked polyubiquitination that directs these substrates to lysosomal degradation and alters NF‑κB transcriptional output (["}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "2"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "]). Although TRAF7 can mediate either activation or repression of NF‑κB and regulate cellular stress responses, its loss or reduced function is linked to perturbations in cell cycle and tumor suppressor networks—for instance, diminished TRAF7 contributes to p53 accumulation in certain breast cancers (["}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "3"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "], ["}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "4"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "]). Furthermore, microRNA‐126 directly targets TRAF7 mRNA in endothelial cells, modulating reactive oxygen species production and apoptosis in response to lipotoxic stress (["}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "5"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "]).\n"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n\n"}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\nSomatic alterations in TRAF7, most often clustered within its WD40 repeat domain, define distinct tumor subtypes. In meningiomas, TRAF7 mutations are found in nearly one‐fourth of cases and frequently co‑occur with the recurrent KLF4^K409Q mutation or with activated AKT1, delineating a subset of clinically benign, chromosomally stable, non‑NF2 tumors (["}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "6"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "], ["}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "7"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "]). Similar TRAF7 missense mutations—restricted to the WD40 domains—are also diagnostic of adenomatoid tumors and well‑differentiated papillary mesotheliomas, where they drive aberrant NF‑κB activation marked by increased L1 cell adhesion molecule expression (["}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "8"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "], ["}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "9"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "], ["}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "10"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "]). Moreover, intraneural perineuriomas often harbor TRAF7 mutations in the same WD40 regions (["}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "11"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "]), while dysregulation of TRAF7 also plays a role in hematologic malignancies such as acute myeloid leukemia, where miRNA‐dependent suppression of TRAF7 leads to reduced c‑FLIP expression and increased apoptosis (["}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "12"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "]). In solid tumors, such as hepatocellular carcinoma, TRAF7 overexpression promotes cell migration and invasion by ubiquitin‑mediated degradation of KLF4, thereby influencing tumor aggressiveness (["}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "13"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "], ["}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "14"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "]). Finally, in low‑grade mesenchymal neoplasms, TRAF7 mutations—despite a deceptively bland histology—can drive an aggressive clinical course (["}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "15"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "], ["}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "16"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "], ["}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "17"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "]).\n"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n\n"}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\nBeyond its oncogenic associations, germline variants in TRAF7 have emerged as causative for a multisystem developmental disorder characterized by neurodevelopmental delay, congenital cardiac defects, limb and facial anomalies, and dysmorphic features (["}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "18"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "], ["}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "19"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "], ["}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "20"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "]). In the context of organogenesis, reduced TRAF7 expression has been noted in congenital anomalies of the kidney and urinary tract, implicating the protein in the regulation of cilia formation and endothelial differentiation during normal kidney development (["}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "21"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "]). Moreover, TRAF7 is directly subverted during infections; the Chlamydia trachomatis effector protein Tri1 binds to the WD40 domain of TRAF7, displacing its native partners (such as MEKK2/MEKK3), thereby reprogramming innate immune signaling to favor bacterial evasion (["}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "22"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "], ["}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "23"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "]). Collectively, these findings underscore the multifaceted role of TRAF7 in modulating apoptosis, inflammatory signaling, tumorigenesis, and developmental processes.\n"}]}, {"type": "rg", "children": [{"type": "r", "ref": 1, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Liang-Guo Xu, Lian-Yun Li, Hong-Bing Shu "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "TRAF7 potentiates MEKK3-induced AP1 and CHOP activation and induces apoptosis."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "J Biol Chem (2004)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1074/jbc.C400063200"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.C400063200"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "15001576"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15001576"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 2, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Tiziana Zotti, Antonio Uva, Angela Ferravante, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "TRAF7 protein promotes Lys-29-linked polyubiquitination of IkappaB kinase (IKKgamma)/NF-kappaB essential modulator (NEMO) and p65/RelA protein and represses NF-kappaB activation."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "J Biol Chem (2011)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1074/jbc.M110.215426"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M110.215426"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "21518757"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21518757"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 3, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Tiziana Zotti, Pasquale Vito, Romania Stilo "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "The seventh ring: exploring TRAF7 functions."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "J Cell Physiol (2012)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1002/jcp.24011"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1002/jcp.24011"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "22105767"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22105767"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 4, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Lixin Wang, Lei Wang, Shuping Zhang, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Downregulation of ubiquitin E3 ligase TNF receptor-associated factor 7 leads to stabilization of p53 in breast cancer."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Oncol Rep (2013)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.3892/or.2012.2121"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.3892/or.2012.2121"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "23128672"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23128672"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 5, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Yi Wang, Feng Wang, Yan Wu, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "MicroRNA-126 attenuates palmitate-induced apoptosis by targeting TRAF7 in HUVECs."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Mol Cell Biochem (2015)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1007/s11010-014-2239-4"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11010-014-2239-4"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "25318608"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25318608"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 6, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Victoria E Clark, E Zeynep Erson-Omay, Akdes Serin, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Genomic analysis of non-NF2 meningiomas reveals mutations in TRAF7, KLF4, AKT1, and SMO."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Science (2013)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1126/science.1233009"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1233009"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "23348505"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23348505"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 7, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "David E Reuss, Rosario M Piro, David T W Jones, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Secretory meningiomas are defined by combined KLF4 K409Q and TRAF7 mutations."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Acta Neuropathol (2013)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1007/s00401-013-1093-x"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s00401-013-1093-x"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "23404370"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23404370"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 8, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Benjamin Goode, Nancy M Joseph, Meredith Stevers, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Adenomatoid tumors of the male and female genital tract are defined by TRAF7 mutations that drive aberrant NF-kB pathway activation."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Mod Pathol (2018)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1038/modpathol.2017.153"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1038/modpathol.2017.153"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "29148537"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29148537"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 9, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Meredith Stevers, Joseph T Rabban, Karuna Garg, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Well-differentiated papillary mesothelioma of the peritoneum is genetically defined by mutually exclusive mutations in TRAF7 and CDC42."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Mod Pathol (2019)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1038/s41379-018-0127-2"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41379-018-0127-2"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "30171198"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30171198"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 10, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Hiroe Itami, Tomomi Fujii, Tokiko Nakai, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "TRAF7 mutations and immunohistochemical study of uterine adenomatoid tumor compared with malignant mesothelioma."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Hum Pathol (2021)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1016/j.humpath.2021.02.007"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.humpath.2021.02.007"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "33667423"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33667423"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 11, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Christopher J Klein, Yanhong Wu, Mark E Jentoft, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Genomic analysis reveals frequent TRAF7 mutations in intraneural perineuriomas."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Ann Neurol (2017)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1002/ana.24854"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1002/ana.24854"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "28019650"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28019650"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 12, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Qian Ding, Qing Wang, Yi Ren, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "MicroRNA-126 attenuates cell apoptosis by targeting TRAF7 in acute myeloid leukemia cells."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Biochem Cell Biol (2018)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1139/bcb-2018-0017"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1139/bcb-2018-0017"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "29940130"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29940130"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 13, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Mari J Tokita, Chun-An Chen, David Chitayat, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "De Novo Missense Variants in TRAF7 Cause Developmental Delay, Congenital Anomalies, and Dysmorphic Features."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Am J Hum Genet (2018)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1016/j.ajhg.2018.06.005"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajhg.2018.06.005"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "29961569"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29961569"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 14, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Huan He, Zhiyuan Wu, Sheng Li, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "TRAF7 enhances ubiquitin-degradation of KLF4 to promote hepatocellular carcinoma progression."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Cancer Lett (2020)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1016/j.canlet.2019.11.012"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.canlet.2019.11.012"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "31730901"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31730901"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 15, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Paul Najm, Peihua Zhao, Mikhail Steklov, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Loss-of-Function Mutations in TRAF7 and KLF4 Cooperatively Activate RAS-Like GTPase Signaling and Promote Meningioma Development."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Cancer Res (2021)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-20-3669"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-20-3669"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "34215617"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34215617"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 16, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Lin Zou, Ye Fang, Wei He "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "TRAF7 inhibits glycolysis to potentiate growth inhibition and apoptosis of myeloid leukemia cells via regulating the KLF2-PFKFB3 axis."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Mol Cell Probes (2023)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1016/j.mcp.2023.101911"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mcp.2023.101911"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "37003349"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37003349"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 17, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Ketu Mishra-Gorur, Tanyeri Barak, Leon D Kaulen, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Pleiotropic role of TRAF7 in skull-base meningiomas and congenital heart disease."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (2023)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1073/pnas.2214997120"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2214997120"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "37043537"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37043537"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 18, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Laura Castilla-Vallmanya, Kaja K Selmer, Clémantine Dimartino, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Phenotypic spectrum and transcriptomic profile associated with germline variants in TRAF7."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Genet Med (2020)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1038/s41436-020-0792-7"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41436-020-0792-7"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "32376980"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32376980"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 19, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Josephine K Dermawan, Liliana Villafania, Tejus Bale, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "TRAF7-mutated Fibromyxoid Spindle Cell Tumors Are Associated With an Aggressive Clinical Course and Harbor an Undifferentiated Sarcoma Methylation Signature: A Molecular and Clinicopathologic Study of 3 Cases."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Am J Surg Pathol (2023)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1097/PAS.0000000000001997"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1097/PAS.0000000000001997"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "36395468"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36395468"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 20, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Jack A Colleran, Emily C Daykin, Cindy Hernandez, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Novel mosaic TRAF7 likely pathogenic variant in an African American family."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Am J Med Genet A (2023)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1002/ajmg.a.63214"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1002/ajmg.a.63214"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "37067385"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37067385"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 21, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Li Wang, Jingzhi Liu, Kunna Lu, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Long non-coding RNA NEAT1 regulates endothelial functions in subclinical hypothyroidism through miR-126/TRAF7 pathway."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Hum Cell (2021)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1007/s13577-021-00508-0"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s13577-021-00508-0"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "33677813"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33677813"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 22, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Clara M Herrera, Eleanor McMahon, Danielle L Swaney, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "The "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "i"}], "href": "i"}, {"type": "t", "text": "Chlamydia trachomatis"}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "/i"}], "href": "/i"}, {"type": "t", "text": " Inc Tri1 interacts with TRAF7 to displace native TRAF7 interacting partners."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Microbiol Spectr (2024)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1128/spectrum.00453-24"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1128/spectrum.00453-24"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "38814079"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38814079"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 23, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Jelena Kelam, Nela Kelam, Natalija Filipović, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Expression of Congenital Anomalies of the Kidney and Urinary Tract (CAKUT) Candidate Genes "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "i"}], "href": "i"}, {"type": "t", "text": "EDA2R"}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "/i"}], "href": "/i"}, {"type": "t", "text": ", "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "i"}], "href": "i"}, {"type": "t", "text": "PCDH9"}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "/i"}], "href": "/i"}, {"type": "t", "text": ", and "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "i"}], "href": "i"}, {"type": "t", "text": "TRAF7"}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "/i"}], "href": "/i"}, {"type": "t", "text": " in Normal Human Kidney Development and CAKUT."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Genes (Basel) (2024)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.3390/genes15060702"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.3390/genes15060702"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "38927638"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38927638"}]}]}]}