TRIM23 Gene

HGNC Family	Ras small GTPases superfamily, Zinc fingers, Tripartite motif-containing (TRIM)
Name	tripartite motif containing 23
Description	The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the tripartite motif (TRIM) family. The TRIM motif includes three zinc-binding domains, a RING, a B-box type 1 and a B-box type 2, and a coiled-coil region. This protein is also a member of the ADP ribosylation factor family of guanine nucleotide-binding family of proteins. Its carboxy terminus contains an ADP-ribosylation factor domain and a guanine nucleotide binding site, while the amino terminus contains a GTPase activating protein domain which acts on the guanine nucleotide binding site. The protein localizes to lysosomes and the Golgi apparatus. It plays a role in the formation of intracellular transport vesicles, their movement from one compartment to another, and phopholipase D activation. Three alternatively spliced transcript variants for this gene have been described. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]
Summary	{"type": "root", "children": [{"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\nTRIM23 is a multifunctional E3 ubiquitin ligase that plays a central role in antiviral defense by integrating both autophagy‐mediated and innate immune signaling pathways. Its enzymatic activity—dependent on its RING E3 ligase and ARF GTPase domains—drives unconventional K27‐linked auto‐ubiquitination that is required for the activation of TANK-binding kinase 1 (TBK1) and subsequent phosphorylation of the selective autophagy receptor p62, thereby mediating the autophagic clearance of invading viruses. In parallel, TRIM23 catalyzes K27-linked polyubiquitination of NEMO, which is essential for virus-induced IRF3 and NF-κB activation via TLR3 and RIG-I/MDA5 signaling. Furthermore, during human cytomegalovirus infection TRIM23 is co-opted by the viral UL144 protein to drive NF-κB signaling, while in herpes simplex virus 1 infection, TRIM23 is targeted by the Us11 protein and is involved in promoting proteasomal degradation of viral proteins such as ICP0 to restrict virus replication."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_fs", "start_ref": "1", "end_ref": "5"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n\n"}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\nBiochemical and structural investigations have further defined the molecular basis of TRIM23’s function. Studies reveal that TRIM23, which harbors an ADP-ribosylation factor (ARF) domain reminiscent of the TRIM family member ARD1, requires RING domain dimerization for its E3 ligase activity. Crystallographic analyses of the TRIM23 RING domain have elucidated the structural features that underpin substrate ubiquitination, highlighting the importance of higher-order oligomerization for its enzymatic function."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "6"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n\n"}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\nIn addition to its role in antiviral responses, TRIM23 exhibits oncogenic properties in several human cancers. Overexpression of TRIM23 contributes to chemoresistance and enhanced cell survival in lung adenocarcinoma by modulating NF-κB-driven glucose metabolism, while in colorectal cancer, TRIM23 promotes tumor cell proliferation by binding to and enhancing the ubiquitination-mediated degradation of the tumor suppressor p53. Elevated TRIM23 levels in gastric cancer have also been correlated with aggressive tumor features and poor patient prognosis, underscoring its potential as a therapeutic target."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_fs", "start_ref": "8", "end_ref": "10"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n\n"}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\nBeyond immunity and cancer, TRIM23 plays important roles in cellular differentiation and homeostasis. In adipogenesis, TRIM23 stabilizes the master lipogenic regulator PPARγ via atypical polyubiquitin conjugation, thus facilitating the transition from early to late adipogenic gene expression programs. Moreover, TRIM23 participates in regulating ion channel function; by ubiquitinating and stabilizing the calcium-activated chloride channel ANO1, it influences processes as diverse as pain sensation, salivary secretion, and cardiac rhythm."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "11"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n"}]}, {"type": "rg", "children": [{"type": "r", "ref": 1, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Kei-ichiro Arimoto, Kenji Funami, Yasushi Saeki, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Polyubiquitin conjugation to NEMO by triparite motif protein 23 (TRIM23) is critical in antiviral defense."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (2010)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1073/pnas.1004621107"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1004621107"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "20724660"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20724660"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 2, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Konstantin M J Sparrer, Sebastian Gableske, Matthew A Zurenski, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "TRIM23 mediates virus-induced autophagy via activation of TBK1."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Nat Microbiol (2017)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1038/s41564-017-0017-2"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41564-017-0017-2"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "28871090"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28871090"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 3, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Emma Poole, Ian Groves, Andrew MacDonald, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Identification of TRIM23 as a cofactor involved in the regulation of NF-kappaB by human cytomegalovirus."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "J Virol (2009)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1128/JVI.02072-08"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1128/JVI.02072-08"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "19176615"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19176615"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 4, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Xing Liu, Rachel Matrenec, Michaela U Gack, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Disassembly of the TRIM23-TBK1 Complex by the Us11 Protein of Herpes Simplex Virus 1 Impairs Autophagy."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "J Virol (2019)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1128/JVI.00497-19"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1128/JVI.00497-19"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "31189704"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31189704"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 5, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Xing Liu, Dhiraj Acharya, Eric Krawczyk, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Herpesvirus-mediated stabilization of ICP0 expression neutralizes restriction by TRIM23."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (2021)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1073/pnas.2113060118"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2113060118"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "34903664"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34903664"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 6, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Alessandro Vichi, D Michael Payne, Gustavo Pacheco-Rodriguez, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "E3 ubiquitin ligase activity of the trifunctional ARD1 (ADP-ribosylation factor domain protein 1)."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (2005)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1073/pnas.0409800102"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0409800102"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "15684077"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15684077"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 7, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Daria M Dawidziak, Jacint G Sanchez, Jonathan M Wagner, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Structure and catalytic activation of the TRIM23 RING E3 ubiquitin ligase."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Proteins (2017)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1002/prot.25348"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1002/prot.25348"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "28681414"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28681414"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 8, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Youwei Zhang, He Du, Yang Li, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Elevated TRIM23 expression predicts cisplatin resistance in lung adenocarcinoma."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Cancer Sci (2020)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1111/cas.14226"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/cas.14226"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "31677335"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31677335"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 9, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Yudong Han, Ye Tan, Yuanyuan Zhao, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "TRIM23 overexpression is a poor prognostic factor and contributes to carcinogenesis in colorectal cancer."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "J Cell Mol Med (2020)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1111/jcmm.15203"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/jcmm.15203"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "32227572"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32227572"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 10, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Yangyang Yao, Zhen Liu, Hui Guo, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Elevated TRIM23 expression predicts poor prognosis in Chinese gastric cancer."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Pathol Res Pract (2018)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1016/j.prp.2018.10.010"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.prp.2018.10.010"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "30477642"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30477642"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 11, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Masashi Watanabe, Hidehisa Takahashi, Yasushi Saeki, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "The E3 ubiquitin ligase TRIM23 regulates adipocyte differentiation via stabilization of the adipogenic activator PPARγ."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Elife (2015)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.7554/eLife.05615"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.7554/eLife.05615"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "25905670"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25905670"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 12, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Xu Cao, Zijing Zhou, Ye Tian, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Opposing roles of E3 ligases TRIM23 and TRIM21 in regulation of ion channel ANO1 protein levels."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "J Biol Chem (2021)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1016/j.jbc.2021.100738"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbc.2021.100738"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "33957127"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33957127"}]}]}]}
Synonyms	ARD1, ARFD1, RNF46
Proteins	TRI23_HUMAN
NCBI Gene ID	373
API
Download Associations
Predicted Functions
Co-expressed Genes
Expression in Tissues and Cell Lines

Functional Associations

TRIM23 has 5,536 functional associations with biological entities spanning 9 categories (molecular profile, organism, chemical, functional term, phrase or reference, disease, phenotype or trait, structural feature, cell line, cell type or tissue, gene, protein or microRNA, sequence feature) extracted from 110 datasets.

Click the + buttons to view associations for TRIM23 from the datasets below.

If available, associations are ranked by standardized value

Harmonizome 3.0

TRIM23 Gene

Functional Associations

Please acknowledge the Harmonizome in your publications by citing the following reference(s):

	Dataset	Summary
	Achilles Cell Line Gene Essentiality Profiles	cell lines with fitness changed by TRIM23 gene knockdown relative to other cell lines from the Achilles Cell Line Gene Essentiality Profiles dataset.
	Allen Brain Atlas Adult Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles	tissues with high or low expression of TRIM23 gene relative to other tissues from the Allen Brain Atlas Adult Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	Allen Brain Atlas Adult Mouse Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles	tissues with high or low expression of TRIM23 gene relative to other tissues from the Allen Brain Atlas Adult Mouse Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	Allen Brain Atlas Aging Dementia and Traumatic Brain Injury Tissue Sample Gene Expression Profiles	tissue samples with high or low expression of TRIM23 gene relative to other tissue samples from the Allen Brain Atlas Aging Dementia and Traumatic Brain Injury Tissue Sample Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	Allen Brain Atlas Developing Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles by Microarray	tissue samples with high or low expression of TRIM23 gene relative to other tissue samples from the Allen Brain Atlas Developing Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles by Microarray dataset.
	Allen Brain Atlas Developing Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles by RNA-seq	tissue samples with high or low expression of TRIM23 gene relative to other tissue samples from the Allen Brain Atlas Developing Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles by RNA-seq dataset.
	Allen Brain Atlas Prenatal Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles	tissues with high or low expression of TRIM23 gene relative to other tissues from the Allen Brain Atlas Prenatal Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	BioGPS Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles	cell lines with high or low expression of TRIM23 gene relative to other cell lines from the BioGPS Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	BioGPS Human Cell Type and Tissue Gene Expression Profiles	cell types and tissues with high or low expression of TRIM23 gene relative to other cell types and tissues from the BioGPS Human Cell Type and Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	Carcinogenome Chemical Perturbation Carcinogenicity Signatures	small molecule perturbations changing expression of TRIM23 gene from the Carcinogenome Chemical Perturbation Carcinogenicity Signatures dataset.
	CCLE Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles	cell lines with high or low copy number of TRIM23 gene relative to other cell lines from the CCLE Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles dataset.
	CCLE Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles	cell lines with high or low expression of TRIM23 gene relative to other cell lines from the CCLE Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	CCLE Cell Line Proteomics	Cell lines associated with TRIM23 protein from the CCLE Cell Line Proteomics dataset.
	CellMarker Gene-Cell Type Associations	cell types associated with TRIM23 gene from the CellMarker Gene-Cell Type Associations dataset.
	ChEA Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles	transcription factor binding site profiles with transcription factor binding evidence at the promoter of TRIM23 gene from the CHEA Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles dataset.
	ChEA Transcription Factor Targets	transcription factors binding the promoter of TRIM23 gene in low- or high-throughput transcription factor functional studies from the CHEA Transcription Factor Targets dataset.
	ChEA Transcription Factor Targets 2022	transcription factors binding the promoter of TRIM23 gene in low- or high-throughput transcription factor functional studies from the CHEA Transcription Factor Targets 2022 dataset.
	CMAP Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Small Molecules	small molecule perturbations changing expression of TRIM23 gene from the CMAP Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Small Molecules dataset.
	COMPARTMENTS Curated Protein Localization Evidence Scores	cellular components containing TRIM23 protein from the COMPARTMENTS Curated Protein Localization Evidence Scores dataset.
	COMPARTMENTS Curated Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025	cellular components containing TRIM23 protein from the COMPARTMENTS Curated Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025 dataset.
	COMPARTMENTS Text-mining Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025	cellular components co-occuring with TRIM23 protein in abstracts of biomedical publications from the COMPARTMENTS Text-mining Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025 dataset.
	CORUM Protein Complexes	protein complexs containing TRIM23 protein from the CORUM Protein Complexes dataset.
	COSMIC Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles	cell lines with high or low copy number of TRIM23 gene relative to other cell lines from the COSMIC Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles dataset.
	COSMIC Cell Line Gene Mutation Profiles	cell lines with TRIM23 gene mutations from the COSMIC Cell Line Gene Mutation Profiles dataset.
	CTD Gene-Disease Associations	diseases associated with TRIM23 gene/protein from the curated CTD Gene-Disease Associations dataset.
	DeepCoverMOA Drug Mechanisms of Action	small molecule perturbations with high or low expression of TRIM23 protein relative to other small molecule perturbations from the DeepCoverMOA Drug Mechanisms of Action dataset.
	DepMap CRISPR Gene Dependency	cell lines with fitness changed by TRIM23 gene knockdown relative to other cell lines from the DepMap CRISPR Gene Dependency dataset.
	DISEASES Experimental Gene-Disease Association Evidence Scores 2025	diseases associated with TRIM23 gene in GWAS datasets from the DISEASES Experimental Gene-Disease Assocation Evidence Scores 2025 dataset.
	DISEASES Text-mining Gene-Disease Association Evidence Scores	diseases co-occuring with TRIM23 gene in abstracts of biomedical publications from the DISEASES Text-mining Gene-Disease Assocation Evidence Scores dataset.
	DISEASES Text-mining Gene-Disease Association Evidence Scores 2025	diseases co-occuring with TRIM23 gene in abstracts of biomedical publications from the DISEASES Text-mining Gene-Disease Assocation Evidence Scores 2025 dataset.
	DisGeNET Gene-Disease Associations	diseases associated with TRIM23 gene in GWAS and other genetic association datasets from the DisGeNET Gene-Disease Associations dataset.
	DisGeNET Gene-Phenotype Associations	phenotypes associated with TRIM23 gene in GWAS and other genetic association datasets from the DisGeNET Gene-Phenoptype Associations dataset.
	ENCODE Histone Modification Site Profiles	histone modification site profiles with high histone modification abundance at TRIM23 gene from the ENCODE Histone Modification Site Profiles dataset.
	ENCODE Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles	transcription factor binding site profiles with transcription factor binding evidence at the promoter of TRIM23 gene from the ENCODE Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles dataset.
	ENCODE Transcription Factor Targets	transcription factors binding the promoter of TRIM23 gene in ChIP-seq datasets from the ENCODE Transcription Factor Targets dataset.
	ESCAPE Omics Signatures of Genes and Proteins for Stem Cells	PubMedIDs of publications reporting gene signatures containing TRIM23 from the ESCAPE Omics Signatures of Genes and Proteins for Stem Cells dataset.
	GDSC Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles	cell lines with high or low expression of TRIM23 gene relative to other cell lines from the GDSC Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	GeneRIF Biological Term Annotations	biological terms co-occuring with TRIM23 gene in literature-supported statements describing functions of genes from the GeneRIF Biological Term Annotations dataset.
	GeneSigDB Published Gene Signatures	PubMedIDs of publications reporting gene signatures containing TRIM23 from the GeneSigDB Published Gene Signatures dataset.
	GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Diseases	disease perturbations changing expression of TRIM23 gene from the GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Diseases dataset.