UST Gene

HGNC Family	Sulfotransferases
Name	uronyl-2-sulfotransferase
Description	Uronyl 2-sulfotransferase transfers sulfate to the 2-position of uronyl residues, such as iduronyl residues in dermatan sulfate and glucuronyl residues in chondroitin sulfate (Kobayashi et al., 1999 [PubMed 10187838]).[supplied by OMIM, Mar 2008]
Summary	{"type": "root", "children": [{"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\nUronyl 2‐sulfotransferase (UST) is an enzyme that catalyzes the transfer of a sulfo group from 3′‐phosphoadenosine 5′‐phosphosulfate to the 2-OH position of glucuronic acid residues present in glycosaminoglycans. Such sulfation is critical for tailoring the structure of extracellular polysaccharides like chondroitin sulfate and heparan sulfate, thereby influencing their binding properties and biological interactions. Biochemical analyses have revealed that UST shows marked substrate specificity, favoring defined saccharide sequences, for example, sequences containing –GalNAc(4SO₄)–GlcA–GalNAc(6SO₄)–, which are essential for generating highly sulfated domains."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "1"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n\n"}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\nStructure–function studies have provided further insight into the molecular determinants of UST activity. Mutagenesis experiments targeting residues critical for binding the sulfate donor (PAPS) or for catalytic function showed that specific amino acids are indispensable for proper substrate recognition and sulfotransferase activity. Moreover, manipulation of UST levels can influence glycosaminoglycan chain length and overall fine structure, highlighting its role in the biosynthetic regulation that impacts extracellular matrix organization."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "2"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n\n"}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\nIn addition to its biochemical roles, genetic studies have begun to associate variations in the UST gene with physiological traits. A notable example is the finding of a common intronic variant in UST that has been linked to job-related exhaustion, suggesting that minor alterations in glycosaminoglycan sulfation could modulate stress-related neural pathways. Although the effect appears to be weak, these observations offer a glimpse into how variations in UST could contribute to broader biological processes such as mood regulation and stress response."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "4"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n"}]}, {"type": "rg", "children": [{"type": "r", "ref": 1, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Shiori Ohtake, Koji Kimata, Osami Habuchi "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Recognition of sulfation pattern of chondroitin sulfate by uronosyl 2-O-sulfotransferase."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "J Biol Chem (2005)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1074/jbc.M508816200"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M508816200"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "16192264"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16192264"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 2, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Ding Xu, Danyin Song, Lars C Pedersen, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Mutational study of heparan sulfate 2-O-sulfotransferase and chondroitin sulfate 2-O-sulfotransferase."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "J Biol Chem (2007)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1074/jbc.M608062200"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M608062200"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "17227754"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17227754"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 3, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Jianping Fang, Tianyi Song, Ulf Lindahl, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Enzyme overexpression - an exercise toward understanding regulation of heparan sulfate biosynthesis."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Sci Rep (2016)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1038/srep31242"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1038/srep31242"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "27511124"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27511124"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 4, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Sonja Sulkava, Hanna M Ollila, Kirsi Ahola, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Genome-wide scan of job-related exhaustion with three replication studies implicate a susceptibility variant at the UST gene locus."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Hum Mol Genet (2013)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1093/hmg/ddt185"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1093/hmg/ddt185"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "23620144"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23620144"}]}]}]}
Synonyms	2OST
Proteins	UST_HUMAN
NCBI Gene ID	10090
API
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Predicted Functions
Co-expressed Genes
Expression in Tissues and Cell Lines

Functional Associations

UST has 6,145 functional associations with biological entities spanning 9 categories (molecular profile, organism, chemical, functional term, phrase or reference, disease, phenotype or trait, structural feature, cell line, cell type or tissue, gene, protein or microRNA, sequence feature) extracted from 122 datasets.

Click the + buttons to view associations for UST from the datasets below.

If available, associations are ranked by standardized value

Harmonizome 3.0

UST Gene

Functional Associations

Please acknowledge the Harmonizome in your publications by citing the following reference(s):

	Dataset	Summary
	Allen Brain Atlas Adult Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles	tissues with high or low expression of UST gene relative to other tissues from the Allen Brain Atlas Adult Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	Allen Brain Atlas Aging Dementia and Traumatic Brain Injury Tissue Sample Gene Expression Profiles	tissue samples with high or low expression of UST gene relative to other tissue samples from the Allen Brain Atlas Aging Dementia and Traumatic Brain Injury Tissue Sample Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	Allen Brain Atlas Developing Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles by Microarray	tissue samples with high or low expression of UST gene relative to other tissue samples from the Allen Brain Atlas Developing Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles by Microarray dataset.
	Allen Brain Atlas Developing Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles by RNA-seq	tissue samples with high or low expression of UST gene relative to other tissue samples from the Allen Brain Atlas Developing Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles by RNA-seq dataset.
	Allen Brain Atlas Prenatal Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles	tissues with high or low expression of UST gene relative to other tissues from the Allen Brain Atlas Prenatal Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	BioGPS Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles	cell lines with high or low expression of UST gene relative to other cell lines from the BioGPS Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	BioGPS Human Cell Type and Tissue Gene Expression Profiles	cell types and tissues with high or low expression of UST gene relative to other cell types and tissues from the BioGPS Human Cell Type and Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	Carcinogenome Chemical Perturbation Carcinogenicity Signatures	small molecule perturbations changing expression of UST gene from the Carcinogenome Chemical Perturbation Carcinogenicity Signatures dataset.
	CCLE Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles	cell lines with high or low copy number of UST gene relative to other cell lines from the CCLE Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles dataset.
	CCLE Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles	cell lines with high or low expression of UST gene relative to other cell lines from the CCLE Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	CellMarker Gene-Cell Type Associations	cell types associated with UST gene from the CellMarker Gene-Cell Type Associations dataset.
	ChEA Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles	transcription factor binding site profiles with transcription factor binding evidence at the promoter of UST gene from the CHEA Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles dataset.
	ChEA Transcription Factor Targets	transcription factors binding the promoter of UST gene in low- or high-throughput transcription factor functional studies from the CHEA Transcription Factor Targets dataset.
	ChEA Transcription Factor Targets 2022	transcription factors binding the promoter of UST gene in low- or high-throughput transcription factor functional studies from the CHEA Transcription Factor Targets 2022 dataset.
	CM4AI KOLF21J CRISPRi Gene Perturbation Atlas	gene perturbations changing expression of UST gene from the CM4AI KOLF21J CRISPRi Gene Perturbation Atlas dataset.
	CMAP Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Small Molecules	small molecule perturbations changing expression of UST gene from the CMAP Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Small Molecules dataset.
	COMPARTMENTS Curated Protein Localization Evidence Scores	cellular components containing UST protein from the COMPARTMENTS Curated Protein Localization Evidence Scores dataset.
	COMPARTMENTS Curated Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025	cellular components containing UST protein from the COMPARTMENTS Curated Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025 dataset.
	COMPARTMENTS Experimental Protein Localization Evidence Scores	cellular components containing UST protein in low- or high-throughput protein localization assays from the COMPARTMENTS Experimental Protein Localization Evidence Scores dataset.
	COMPARTMENTS Experimental Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025	cellular components containing UST protein in low- or high-throughput protein localization assays from the COMPARTMENTS Experimental Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025 dataset.
	COMPARTMENTS Text-mining Protein Localization Evidence Scores	cellular components co-occuring with UST protein in abstracts of biomedical publications from the COMPARTMENTS Text-mining Protein Localization Evidence Scores dataset.
	COMPARTMENTS Text-mining Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025	cellular components co-occuring with UST protein in abstracts of biomedical publications from the COMPARTMENTS Text-mining Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025 dataset.
	COSMIC Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles	cell lines with high or low copy number of UST gene relative to other cell lines from the COSMIC Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles dataset.
	COSMIC Cell Line Gene Mutation Profiles	cell lines with UST gene mutations from the COSMIC Cell Line Gene Mutation Profiles dataset.
	CTD Gene-Disease Associations	diseases associated with UST gene/protein from the curated CTD Gene-Disease Associations dataset.
	dbGAP Gene-Trait Associations	traits associated with UST gene in GWAS and other genetic association datasets from the dbGAP Gene-Trait Associations dataset.
	DeepCoverMOA Drug Mechanisms of Action	small molecule perturbations with high or low expression of UST protein relative to other small molecule perturbations from the DeepCoverMOA Drug Mechanisms of Action dataset.
	DepMap CRISPR Gene Dependency	cell lines with fitness changed by UST gene knockdown relative to other cell lines from the DepMap CRISPR Gene Dependency dataset.
	DGIdb Drug Targets 2026	interacting drugs for UST protein from the DGIdb Drug Targets 2026 dataset.
	DISEASES Experimental Gene-Disease Association Evidence Scores	diseases associated with UST gene in GWAS datasets from the DISEASES Experimental Gene-Disease Assocation Evidence Scores dataset.
	DISEASES Experimental Gene-Disease Association Evidence Scores 2025	diseases associated with UST gene in GWAS datasets from the DISEASES Experimental Gene-Disease Assocation Evidence Scores 2025 dataset.
	DISEASES Text-mining Gene-Disease Association Evidence Scores	diseases co-occuring with UST gene in abstracts of biomedical publications from the DISEASES Text-mining Gene-Disease Assocation Evidence Scores dataset.
	DISEASES Text-mining Gene-Disease Association Evidence Scores 2025	diseases co-occuring with UST gene in abstracts of biomedical publications from the DISEASES Text-mining Gene-Disease Assocation Evidence Scores 2025 dataset.
	DisGeNET Gene-Disease Associations	diseases associated with UST gene in GWAS and other genetic association datasets from the DisGeNET Gene-Disease Associations dataset.
	DisGeNET Gene-Phenotype Associations	phenotypes associated with UST gene in GWAS and other genetic association datasets from the DisGeNET Gene-Phenoptype Associations dataset.
	ENCODE Histone Modification Site Profiles	histone modification site profiles with high histone modification abundance at UST gene from the ENCODE Histone Modification Site Profiles dataset.
	ENCODE Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles	transcription factor binding site profiles with transcription factor binding evidence at the promoter of UST gene from the ENCODE Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles dataset.
	ENCODE Transcription Factor Targets	transcription factors binding the promoter of UST gene in ChIP-seq datasets from the ENCODE Transcription Factor Targets dataset.
	ESCAPE Omics Signatures of Genes and Proteins for Stem Cells	PubMedIDs of publications reporting gene signatures containing UST from the ESCAPE Omics Signatures of Genes and Proteins for Stem Cells dataset.
	GAD Gene-Disease Associations	diseases associated with UST gene in GWAS and other genetic association datasets from the GAD Gene-Disease Associations dataset.