VAV1 Gene

HGNC Family	Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factors (ARHGEF), Pleckstrin homology domain containing (PLEKH), SH2 domain containing
Name	vav 1 guanine nucleotide exchange factor
Description	This gene is a member of the VAV gene family. The VAV proteins are guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) for Rho family GTPases that activate pathways leading to actin cytoskeletal rearrangements and transcriptional alterations. The encoded protein is important in hematopoiesis, playing a role in T-cell and B-cell development and activation. The encoded protein has been identified as the specific binding partner of Nef proteins from HIV-1. Coexpression and binding of these partners initiates profound morphological changes, cytoskeletal rearrangements and the JNK/SAPK signaling cascade, leading to increased levels of viral transcription and replication. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding multiple isoforms have been observed for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Apr 2012]
Summary	{"type": "root", "children": [{"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\nVav1 is a hematopoietic cell–specific guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) that plays a pivotal role in linking extracellular cues to the dynamic remodeling of the actin cytoskeleton. Upon receptor engagement – including T‐cell receptor, integrins, and chemokine receptors – Vav1 is tyrosine‐phosphorylated, a modification that relieves its autoinhibitory conformation and unleashes its exchange activity toward Rho family GTPases such as Rac1, RhoA, and Cdc42. This activation drives cytoskeletal rearrangements, cell polarization, migration, and the formation of specialized structures needed for immunological synapse assembly and phagocytic responses."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_fs", "start_ref": "1", "end_ref": "15"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n\n"}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\nIn the context of immune cell signaling, Vav1 integrates signals downstream of receptors such as the T‐cell receptor, costimulatory molecules, and natural killer cell–activating receptors. Functioning both as an enzymatic activator of small GTPases and as a scaffold within multiprotein signaling complexes (for example, those incorporating SLP-76 and Nck), Vav1 governs calcium mobilization and activates downstream transcription factors including NFAT, NF‐κB, and MAP kinases. These coordinated events underpin T cell development, natural killer cell cytotoxicity, and broader immune regulation—with its activity further fine-tuned by inhibitory phosphatases and other regulatory proteins."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_fs", "start_ref": "16", "end_ref": "26"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n\n"}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\nBeyond its essential roles in normal immune function, aberrant Vav1 expression and mutation contribute to tumorigenesis and cancer progression. In several malignancies—including pancreatic adenocarcinoma, peripheral T‐cell lymphomas, and subsets of breast and ovarian cancers—ectopic expression, activating point mutations, or gene fusions involving VAV1 promote neoplastic cell proliferation, invasion, and epithelial–mesenchymal transition by potentiating signaling through effectors such as Rac1, PAK1, and NF‐κB. These oncogenic properties designate Vav1 not only as an important biomarker in these tumors but also as a potential target for therapeutic intervention."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_fs", "start_ref": "27", "end_ref": "35"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n\n"}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\nVav1’s activity is meticulously regulated by a complex network of intramolecular interactions, post‐translational modifications, and associations with both positive and negative regulatory proteins. Structural analyses have delineated how its tandem DH–PH–CRD region maintains an autoinhibited state that is alleviated by receptor‐induced phosphorylation. Moreover, interactions with ubiquitin ligases (e.g., Cbl), inhibitory adaptors (e.g., Ly-GDI), and components of receptor signaling complexes serve to fine-tune Vav1’s output during cytokine responses and cell adhesion processes. This multilayered regulation ensures that Vav1-mediated activation of downstream Rho GTPases occurs with the appropriate amplitude and duration."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_fs", "start_ref": "36", "end_ref": "43"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n"}]}, {"type": "rg", "children": [{"type": "r", "ref": 1, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "J Han, K Luby-Phelps, B Das, et al. 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Synonyms	VAV
Proteins	VAV_HUMAN
NCBI Gene ID	7409
API
Download Associations
Predicted Functions
Co-expressed Genes
Expression in Tissues and Cell Lines

Functional Associations

VAV1 has 8,863 functional associations with biological entities spanning 8 categories (molecular profile, organism, functional term, phrase or reference, chemical, disease, phenotype or trait, structural feature, cell line, cell type or tissue, gene, protein or microRNA) extracted from 130 datasets.

Click the + buttons to view associations for VAV1 from the datasets below.

If available, associations are ranked by standardized value

Harmonizome 3.0

VAV1 Gene

Functional Associations

Please acknowledge the Harmonizome in your publications by citing the following reference(s):

	Dataset	Summary
	Allen Brain Atlas Adult Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles	tissues with high or low expression of VAV1 gene relative to other tissues from the Allen Brain Atlas Adult Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	Allen Brain Atlas Adult Mouse Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles	tissues with high or low expression of VAV1 gene relative to other tissues from the Allen Brain Atlas Adult Mouse Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	Allen Brain Atlas Aging Dementia and Traumatic Brain Injury Tissue Sample Gene Expression Profiles	tissue samples with high or low expression of VAV1 gene relative to other tissue samples from the Allen Brain Atlas Aging Dementia and Traumatic Brain Injury Tissue Sample Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	Allen Brain Atlas Developing Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles by Microarray	tissue samples with high or low expression of VAV1 gene relative to other tissue samples from the Allen Brain Atlas Developing Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles by Microarray dataset.
	Allen Brain Atlas Developing Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles by RNA-seq	tissue samples with high or low expression of VAV1 gene relative to other tissue samples from the Allen Brain Atlas Developing Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles by RNA-seq dataset.
	Allen Brain Atlas Prenatal Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles	tissues with high or low expression of VAV1 gene relative to other tissues from the Allen Brain Atlas Prenatal Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	Biocarta Pathways	pathways involving VAV1 protein from the Biocarta Pathways dataset.
	BioGPS Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles	cell lines with high or low expression of VAV1 gene relative to other cell lines from the BioGPS Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	BioGPS Human Cell Type and Tissue Gene Expression Profiles	cell types and tissues with high or low expression of VAV1 gene relative to other cell types and tissues from the BioGPS Human Cell Type and Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	BioGPS Mouse Cell Type and Tissue Gene Expression Profiles	cell types and tissues with high or low expression of VAV1 gene relative to other cell types and tissues from the BioGPS Mouse Cell Type and Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	Carcinogenome Chemical Perturbation Carcinogenicity Signatures	small molecule perturbations changing expression of VAV1 gene from the Carcinogenome Chemical Perturbation Carcinogenicity Signatures dataset.
	CCLE Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles	cell lines with high or low copy number of VAV1 gene relative to other cell lines from the CCLE Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles dataset.
	CCLE Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles	cell lines with high or low expression of VAV1 gene relative to other cell lines from the CCLE Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	CCLE Cell Line Gene Mutation Profiles	cell lines with VAV1 gene mutations from the CCLE Cell Line Gene Mutation Profiles dataset.
	CCLE Cell Line Proteomics	Cell lines associated with VAV1 protein from the CCLE Cell Line Proteomics dataset.
	CellMarker Gene-Cell Type Associations	cell types associated with VAV1 gene from the CellMarker Gene-Cell Type Associations dataset.
	ChEA Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles	transcription factor binding site profiles with transcription factor binding evidence at the promoter of VAV1 gene from the CHEA Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles dataset.
	ChEA Transcription Factor Targets	transcription factors binding the promoter of VAV1 gene in low- or high-throughput transcription factor functional studies from the CHEA Transcription Factor Targets dataset.
	ChEA Transcription Factor Targets 2022	transcription factors binding the promoter of VAV1 gene in low- or high-throughput transcription factor functional studies from the CHEA Transcription Factor Targets 2022 dataset.
	CMAP Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Small Molecules	small molecule perturbations changing expression of VAV1 gene from the CMAP Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Small Molecules dataset.
	COMPARTMENTS Curated Protein Localization Evidence Scores	cellular components containing VAV1 protein from the COMPARTMENTS Curated Protein Localization Evidence Scores dataset.
	COMPARTMENTS Experimental Protein Localization Evidence Scores	cellular components containing VAV1 protein in low- or high-throughput protein localization assays from the COMPARTMENTS Experimental Protein Localization Evidence Scores dataset.
	COMPARTMENTS Experimental Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025	cellular components containing VAV1 protein in low- or high-throughput protein localization assays from the COMPARTMENTS Experimental Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025 dataset.
	COMPARTMENTS Text-mining Protein Localization Evidence Scores	cellular components co-occuring with VAV1 protein in abstracts of biomedical publications from the COMPARTMENTS Text-mining Protein Localization Evidence Scores dataset.
	COMPARTMENTS Text-mining Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025	cellular components co-occuring with VAV1 protein in abstracts of biomedical publications from the COMPARTMENTS Text-mining Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025 dataset.
	CORUM Protein Complexes	protein complexs containing VAV1 protein from the CORUM Protein Complexes dataset.
	COSMIC Cell Line Gene Mutation Profiles	cell lines with VAV1 gene mutations from the COSMIC Cell Line Gene Mutation Profiles dataset.
	CTD Gene-Chemical Interactions	chemicals interacting with VAV1 gene/protein from the curated CTD Gene-Chemical Interactions dataset.
	CTD Gene-Disease Associations	diseases associated with VAV1 gene/protein from the curated CTD Gene-Disease Associations dataset.
	dbGAP Gene-Trait Associations	traits associated with VAV1 gene in GWAS and other genetic association datasets from the dbGAP Gene-Trait Associations dataset.
	DeepCoverMOA Drug Mechanisms of Action	small molecule perturbations with high or low expression of VAV1 protein relative to other small molecule perturbations from the DeepCoverMOA Drug Mechanisms of Action dataset.
	DepMap CRISPR Gene Dependency	cell lines with fitness changed by VAV1 gene knockdown relative to other cell lines from the DepMap CRISPR Gene Dependency dataset.
	DISEASES Curated Gene-Disease Association Evidence Scores	diseases involving VAV1 gene from the DISEASES Curated Gene-Disease Assocation Evidence Scores dataset.
	DISEASES Curated Gene-Disease Association Evidence Scores 2025	diseases involving VAV1 gene from the DISEASES Curated Gene-Disease Association Evidence Scores 2025 dataset.
	DISEASES Experimental Gene-Disease Association Evidence Scores 2025	diseases associated with VAV1 gene in GWAS datasets from the DISEASES Experimental Gene-Disease Assocation Evidence Scores 2025 dataset.
	DISEASES Text-mining Gene-Disease Association Evidence Scores	diseases co-occuring with VAV1 gene in abstracts of biomedical publications from the DISEASES Text-mining Gene-Disease Assocation Evidence Scores dataset.
	DISEASES Text-mining Gene-Disease Association Evidence Scores 2025	diseases co-occuring with VAV1 gene in abstracts of biomedical publications from the DISEASES Text-mining Gene-Disease Assocation Evidence Scores 2025 dataset.
	DisGeNET Gene-Disease Associations	diseases associated with VAV1 gene in GWAS and other genetic association datasets from the DisGeNET Gene-Disease Associations dataset.
	DisGeNET Gene-Phenotype Associations	phenotypes associated with VAV1 gene in GWAS and other genetic association datasets from the DisGeNET Gene-Phenoptype Associations dataset.
	ENCODE Histone Modification Site Profiles	histone modification site profiles with high histone modification abundance at VAV1 gene from the ENCODE Histone Modification Site Profiles dataset.