{"type": "root", "children": [{"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\nVimentin is a multifunctional intermediate filament protein that plays a central role in epithelial‐to‐mesenchymal transition (EMT) and the migratory and invasive behaviors of cancer cells. Multiple studies demonstrate that vimentin not only serves as a reliable biomarker for EMT but is also functionally required for cellular motility and invasion. For example, oncogenic signals (such as those mediated by H‐Ras, Slug, AKT1, and PKCε) induce vimentin expression and phosphorylation, which in turn regulates key processes such as integrin trafficking, lamellipodia disassembly, focal adhesion dynamics, and collective cell invasion in breast, prostate, oral, lung, and soft‐tissue sarcomas. Vimentin influences the expression of other pro‐migratory factors (e.g. Axl and VAV2) and modulates the formation of specialized cellular extensions—including microtentacles in detached tumor cells—that facilitate metastasis."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_fs", "start_ref": "1", "end_ref": "15"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n\n"}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\nBeyond its role in transforming epithelial cancer cells, vimentin is also implicated in critical non‐tumorigenic functions. Activated macrophages secrete phosphorylated vimentin into the extracellular milieu where it contributes to bacterial killing and the generation of oxidative metabolites, thereby supporting innate immune responses. In addition, vimentin on the surface of apoptotic neutrophils and infected mononuclear phagocytes acts as a ligand for natural killer (NK) receptors, further linking vimentin to immune surveillance. Vimentin expression is also up‐regulated by cytokines such as TGF‑β in alveolar epithelial cells to promote wound repair and re‐epithelialization."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_fs", "start_ref": "16", "end_ref": "21"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n\n"}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\nAt the structural level, vimentin provides an essential scaffold that coordinates cytoskeletal networks and transduces mechanical signals. High‐resolution structural studies and mechanistic analyses reveal that posttranslational modifications—such as site‐specific phosphorylation—enable vimentin filaments to remodel dynamically and interact with microtubules, actin stress fibers, and various kinases (including ERK, AKT, and RhoA effectors). These molecular events underlie not only the maintenance of cell shape and adhesiveness but also the capacity for rapid cytoskeletal reorganization during cell migration, tissue remodeling, and angiogenesis. Moreover, secreted forms of vimentin have been identified as clinically useful markers that distinguish endothelial subpopulations and correlate with poor prognostic features in several cancers, including triple‐negative breast carcinoma, hepatocellular carcinoma, and bladder cancer."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_fs", "start_ref": "22", "end_ref": "34"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n"}]}, {"type": "rg", "children": [{"type": "r", "ref": 1, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "K Vuoriluoto, H Haugen, S Kiviluoto, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Vimentin regulates EMT induction by Slug and oncogenic H-Ras and migration by governing Axl expression in breast cancer."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Oncogene (2011)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1038/onc.2010.509"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1038/onc.2010.509"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "21057535"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21057535"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 2, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Christine Gilles, Myriam Polette, Mélanie Mestdagt, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Transactivation of vimentin by beta-catenin in human breast cancer cells."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Cancer Res (2003)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "12750294"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12750294"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 3, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Johanna Ivaska, Karoliina Vuoriluoto, Tuomas Huovinen, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "PKCepsilon-mediated phosphorylation of vimentin controls integrin recycling and motility."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "EMBO J (2005)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1038/sj.emboj.7600847"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.emboj.7600847"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "16270034"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16270034"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 4, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Q-S Zhu, K Rosenblatt, K-L Huang, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Vimentin is a novel AKT1 target mediating motility and invasion."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Oncogene (2011)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1038/onc.2010.421"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1038/onc.2010.421"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "20856200"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20856200"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 5, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Chun-Wen Cheng, Hsiao-Wei Wang, Chia-Wei Chang, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "MicroRNA-30a inhibits cell migration and invasion by downregulating vimentin expression and is a potential prognostic marker in breast cancer."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Breast Cancer Res Treat (2012)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1007/s10549-012-2034-4"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s10549-012-2034-4"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "22476851"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22476851"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 6, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Shona H Lang, Catherine Hyde, Ian N Reid, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Enhanced expression of vimentin in motile prostate cell lines and in poorly differentiated and metastatic prostate carcinoma."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Prostate (2002)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1002/pros.10088"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1002/pros.10088"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "12210485"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12210485"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 7, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Lai-Kui Liu, Xiao-Yun Jiang, Xiang-Xiang Zhou, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Upregulation of vimentin and aberrant expression of E-cadherin/beta-catenin complex in oral squamous cell carcinomas: correlation with the clinicopathological features and patient outcome."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Mod Pathol (2010)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1038/modpathol.2009.160"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1038/modpathol.2009.160"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "19915524"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19915524"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 8, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Brian T Helfand, Melissa G Mendez, S N Prasanna Murthy, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Vimentin organization modulates the formation of lamellipodia."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Mol Biol Cell (2011)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1091/mbc.E10-08-0699"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1091/mbc.E10-08-0699"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "21346197"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21346197"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 9, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Lorna McInroy, Arto Määttä "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Down-regulation of vimentin expression inhibits carcinoma cell migration and adhesion."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Biochem Biophys Res Commun (2007)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1016/j.bbrc.2007.06.036"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbrc.2007.06.036"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "17585878"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17585878"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 10, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Vera L Costa, Rui Henrique, Stine A Danielsen, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Three epigenetic biomarkers, GDF15, TMEFF2, and VIM, accurately predict bladder cancer from DNA-based analyses of urine samples."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Clin Cancer Res (2010)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-10-1312"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-10-1312"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "20975101"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20975101"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 11, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Rebecca A Whipple, Eric M Balzer, Edward H Cho, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Vimentin filaments support extension of tubulin-based microtentacles in detached breast tumor cells."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Cancer Res (2008)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-07-6589"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-07-6589"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "18632620"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18632620"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 12, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Reetta Virtakoivu, Anja Mai, Elina Mattila, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Vimentin-ERK Signaling Uncouples Slug Gene Regulatory Function."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Cancer Res (2015)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-14-2842"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-14-2842"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "25855378"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25855378"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 13, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Sadmeet Singh, Skanda Sadacharan, Scott Su, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Overexpression of vimentin: role in the invasive phenotype in an androgen-independent model of prostate cancer."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Cancer Res (2003)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "12727854"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12727854"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 14, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Dolores Pérez-Sala, Clara L Oeste, Alma E Martínez, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Vimentin filament organization and stress sensing depend on its single cysteine residue and zinc binding."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Nat Commun (2015)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1038/ncomms8287"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms8287"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "26031447"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26031447"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 15, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "L S Havel, E R Kline, A M Salgueiro, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Vimentin regulates lung cancer cell adhesion through a VAV2-Rac1 pathway to control focal adhesion kinase activity."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Oncogene (2015)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1038/onc.2014.123"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1038/onc.2014.123"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "24858039"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24858039"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 16, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Nirit Mor-Vaknin, Antonello Punturieri, Kajal Sitwala, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Vimentin is secreted by activated macrophages."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Nat Cell Biol (2003)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1038/ncb898"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1038/ncb898"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "12483219"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12483219"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 17, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Ankita Garg, Peter F Barnes, Angel Porgador, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Vimentin expressed on Mycobacterium tuberculosis-infected human monocytes is involved in binding to the NKp46 receptor."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "J Immunol (2006)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.4049/jimmunol.177.9.6192"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.177.9.6192"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "17056548"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17056548"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 18, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "S Bindels, M Mestdagt, C Vandewalle, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Regulation of vimentin by SIP1 in human epithelial breast tumor cells."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Oncogene (2006)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1038/sj.onc.1209511"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.onc.1209511"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "16568083"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16568083"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 19, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Eliane Moisan, Denis Girard "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Cell surface expression of intermediate filament proteins vimentin and lamin B1 in human neutrophil spontaneous apoptosis."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "J Leukoc Biol (2006)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1189/jlb.0405190"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1189/jlb.0405190"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "16365157"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16365157"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 20, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Thomas J Podor, Davindra Singh, Paul Chindemi, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Vimentin exposed on activated platelets and platelet microparticles localizes vitronectin and plasminogen activator inhibitor complexes on their surface."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "J Biol Chem (2002)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1074/jbc.M109675200"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M109675200"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "11744725"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11744725"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 21, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Micah R Rogel, Pritin N Soni, James R Troken, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Vimentin is sufficient and required for wound repair and remodeling in alveolar epithelial cells."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "FASEB J (2011)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1096/fj.10-170795"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1096/fj.10-170795"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "21803859"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21803859"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 22, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "S Y Chaw, A Abdul Majeed, A J Dalley, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) biomarkers--E-cadherin, beta-catenin, APC and Vimentin--in oral squamous cell carcinogenesis and transformation."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Oral Oncol (2012)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1016/j.oraloncology.2012.05.011"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.oraloncology.2012.05.011"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "22704062"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22704062"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 23, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Rachel A Battaglia, Samed Delic, Harald Herrmann, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Vimentin on the move: new developments in cell migration."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "F1000Res (2018)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.12688/f1000research.15967.1"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.15967.1"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "30505430"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30505430"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 24, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Fu Guo Chen, Wen Jie Zhang, Dan Bi, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Clonal analysis of nestin(-) vimentin(+) multipotent fibroblasts isolated from human dermis."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "J Cell Sci (2007)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1242/jcs.03478"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1242/jcs.03478"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "17652163"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17652163"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 25, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Alessandra M Richardson, Lauren S Havel, Allyson E Koyen, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Vimentin Is Required for Lung Adenocarcinoma Metastasis via Heterotypic Tumor Cell-Cancer-Associated Fibroblast Interactions during Collective Invasion."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Clin Cancer Res (2018)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-17-1776"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-17-1776"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "29208669"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29208669"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 26, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Jui M Dave, Kayla J Bayless "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Vimentin as an integral regulator of cell adhesion and endothelial sprouting."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Microcirculation (2014)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1111/micc.12111"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/micc.12111"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "24387004"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24387004"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 27, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Anastasia A Chernyatina, Stefan Nicolet, Ueli Aebi, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Atomic structure of the vimentin central α-helical domain and its implications for intermediate filament assembly."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (2012)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1073/pnas.1206836109"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1206836109"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "22869704"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22869704"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 28, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Osigwe Esue, Ashley A Carson, Yiider Tseng, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "A direct interaction between actin and vimentin filaments mediated by the tail domain of vimentin."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "J Biol Chem (2006)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1074/jbc.M605452200"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M605452200"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "16901892"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16901892"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 29, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Tong-Hong Wang, Yong-Shiang Lin, Ying Chen, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Long non-coding RNA AOC4P suppresses hepatocellular carcinoma metastasis by enhancing vimentin degradation and inhibiting epithelial-mesenchymal transition."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Oncotarget (2015)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.18632/oncotarget.4344"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.18632/oncotarget.4344"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "26160837"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26160837"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 30, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Zhao Qin, Laurent Kreplak, Markus J Buehler "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Hierarchical structure controls nanomechanical properties of vimentin intermediate filaments."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "PLoS One (2009)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1371/journal.pone.0007294"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0007294"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "19806221"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19806221"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 31, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Bin Xu, Robert M deWaal, Nirit Mor-Vaknin, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "The endothelial cell-specific antibody PAL-E identifies a secreted form of vimentin in the blood vasculature."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Mol Cell Biol (2004)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1128/MCB.24.20.9198-9206.2004"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1128/MCB.24.20.9198-9206.2004"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "15456890"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15456890"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 32, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Nami Yamashita, Eriko Tokunaga, Hiroyuki Kitao, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Vimentin as a poor prognostic factor for triple-negative breast cancer."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "J Cancer Res Clin Oncol (2013)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1007/s00432-013-1376-6"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s00432-013-1376-6"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "23354842"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23354842"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 33, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Xiaolu Zhai, Huijun Zhu, Wei Wang, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Abnormal expression of EMT-related proteins, S100A4, vimentin and E-cadherin, is correlated with clinicopathological features and prognosis in HCC."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Med Oncol (2014)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1007/s12032-014-0970-z"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s12032-014-0970-z"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "24781336"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24781336"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 34, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Thomas Reinert, Michael Borre, Anders Christiansen, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Diagnosis of bladder cancer recurrence based on urinary levels of EOMES, HOXA9, POU4F2, TWIST1, VIM, and ZNF154 hypermethylation."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "PLoS One (2012)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1371/journal.pone.0046297"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0046297"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "23056278"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23056278"}]}]}]}