ZNF175 Gene

HGNC Family	Zinc fingers
Name	zinc finger protein 175
Description	Enables DNA-binding transcription activator activity, RNA polymerase II-specific; DNA-binding transcription repressor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific; and RNA polymerase II transcription regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding activity. Involved in negative regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II and positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II. Located in cytosol and nucleolus. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]
Summary	{"type": "root", "children": [{"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\nZNF175 (also known as OTK18) is a C2H2-type zinc finger protein containing multiple zinc finger domains and a Krüppel-associated box that functions as a transcriptional suppressor. It is strongly induced in human monocyte-derived macrophages upon HIV-1 infection, where it suppresses viral replication by inhibiting Tat-mediated activation of the viral long terminal repeat promoter. Notably, its expression is markedly upregulated in brain macrophages during advanced HIV encephalitis, suggesting that its antiviral activity is an inducible host-defense response."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "1"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n\n"}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\nDetailed molecular studies have shed light on the regulation of ZNF175 expression. The proximal promoter region of the gene contains critical response elements for transcription factors such as YY1, FoxD3, and Ets that fine-tune both basal and HIV-inducible transcription. In macrophages, HIV-1 infection stimulates YY1-mediated upregulation, whereas in microglia a contrasting regulation occurs, with a decrease in YY1 and an increase in FoxD3. In parallel, post-translational processing by calpain and the proteasome generates active protein fragments that accumulate in key cellular compartments. Clinical evaluations further reveal that HIV-1–positive individuals exhibit significantly lower levels of circulating ZNF175, with plasma levels showing a positive correlation with CD8 T-cell counts."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_fs", "start_ref": "3", "end_ref": "5"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n\n"}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\nIn addition to its antiviral functions, ZNF175 appears to play a role in maintaining neural homeostasis and modulating innate immunity. Overexpression studies in monocytic cell models indicate that elevated levels of ZNF175 can promote neuronal survival by upregulating neurotrophins, such as NT3, and reducing neurotoxic cytokine production. Complementary experiments using Drosophila S2 cells further support a role for ZNF175 in regulating innate immune gene expression, pointing to a broader function in host defense beyond its direct antiretroviral effects."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "6"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n"}]}, {"type": "rg", "children": [{"type": "r", "ref": 1, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Kimberly A Carlson, Gary Leisman, Jenae Limoges, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Molecular characterization of a putative antiretroviral transcriptional factor, OTK18."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "J Immunol (2004)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.4049/jimmunol.172.1.381"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.172.1.381"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "14688346"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14688346"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 2, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Kimberly A Carlson, Jenae Limoges, Garrett D Pohlman, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "OTK18 expression in brain mononuclear phagocytes parallels the severity of HIV-1 encephalitis."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "J Neuroimmunol (2004)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1016/j.jneuroim.2004.01.021"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jneuroim.2004.01.021"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "15081264"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15081264"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 3, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "James L Buescher, Fenghai Duan, Junfeng Sun, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "OTK18 levels in plasma and cerebrospinal fluid correlate with viral load and CD8 T-cells in normal and AIDS patients."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "J Neuroimmune Pharmacol (2008)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1007/s11481-008-9125-3"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11481-008-9125-3"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "18773297"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18773297"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 4, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Lindsey B Martinez, Shannon M Walsh, Michael T Jacobsen, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Calpain and proteasomal regulation of antiretroviral zinc finger protein OTK18 in human macrophages: visualization in live cells by intramolecular FRET."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "J Neuroimmune Pharmacol (2009)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1007/s11481-008-9140-4"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11481-008-9140-4"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "19034669"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19034669"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 5, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "James L Buescher, Lindsey B Martinez, Shinji Sato, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "YY1 and FoxD3 regulate antiretroviral zinc finger protein OTK18 promoter activation induced by HIV-1 infection."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "J Neuroimmune Pharmacol (2009)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1007/s11481-008-9139-x"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11481-008-9139-x"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "19034670"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19034670"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 6, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Cole R Spresser, Sarah E Marshall, Kimberly A Carlson "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Characterization of gene expression regulated by human OTK18 using Drosophila melanogaster as a model system for innate immunity."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "J Genet (2008)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1007/s12041-008-0017-3"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s12041-008-0017-3"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "18776638"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18776638"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 7, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Christine E Gilling, Kimberly A Carlson "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "The effect of OTK18 upregulation in U937 cells on neuronal survival."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "In Vitro Cell Dev Biol Anim (2009)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1007/s11626-009-9175-8"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11626-009-9175-8"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "19247725"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19247725"}]}]}]}
Synonyms	OTK18
Proteins	ZN175_HUMAN
NCBI Gene ID	7728
API
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Predicted Functions
Co-expressed Genes
Expression in Tissues and Cell Lines

Functional Associations

ZNF175 has 5,206 functional associations with biological entities spanning 9 categories (molecular profile, organism, chemical, functional term, phrase or reference, disease, phenotype or trait, structural feature, cell line, cell type or tissue, gene, protein or microRNA, sequence feature) extracted from 116 datasets.

Click the + buttons to view associations for ZNF175 from the datasets below.

If available, associations are ranked by standardized value

Harmonizome 3.0

ZNF175 Gene

Functional Associations

Please acknowledge the Harmonizome in your publications by citing the following reference(s):

	Dataset	Summary
	Allen Brain Atlas Adult Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles	tissues with high or low expression of ZNF175 gene relative to other tissues from the Allen Brain Atlas Adult Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	Allen Brain Atlas Adult Mouse Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles	tissues with high or low expression of ZNF175 gene relative to other tissues from the Allen Brain Atlas Adult Mouse Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	Allen Brain Atlas Aging Dementia and Traumatic Brain Injury Tissue Sample Gene Expression Profiles	tissue samples with high or low expression of ZNF175 gene relative to other tissue samples from the Allen Brain Atlas Aging Dementia and Traumatic Brain Injury Tissue Sample Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	Allen Brain Atlas Developing Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles by Microarray	tissue samples with high or low expression of ZNF175 gene relative to other tissue samples from the Allen Brain Atlas Developing Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles by Microarray dataset.
	Allen Brain Atlas Developing Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles by RNA-seq	tissue samples with high or low expression of ZNF175 gene relative to other tissue samples from the Allen Brain Atlas Developing Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles by RNA-seq dataset.
	Allen Brain Atlas Prenatal Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles	tissues with high or low expression of ZNF175 gene relative to other tissues from the Allen Brain Atlas Prenatal Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	BioGPS Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles	cell lines with high or low expression of ZNF175 gene relative to other cell lines from the BioGPS Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	BioGPS Human Cell Type and Tissue Gene Expression Profiles	cell types and tissues with high or low expression of ZNF175 gene relative to other cell types and tissues from the BioGPS Human Cell Type and Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	BioGPS Mouse Cell Type and Tissue Gene Expression Profiles	cell types and tissues with high or low expression of ZNF175 gene relative to other cell types and tissues from the BioGPS Mouse Cell Type and Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	Carcinogenome Chemical Perturbation Carcinogenicity Signatures	small molecule perturbations changing expression of ZNF175 gene from the Carcinogenome Chemical Perturbation Carcinogenicity Signatures dataset.
	CCLE Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles	cell lines with high or low copy number of ZNF175 gene relative to other cell lines from the CCLE Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles dataset.
	CCLE Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles	cell lines with high or low expression of ZNF175 gene relative to other cell lines from the CCLE Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	ChEA Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles	transcription factor binding site profiles with transcription factor binding evidence at the promoter of ZNF175 gene from the CHEA Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles dataset.
	ChEA Transcription Factor Targets	transcription factors binding the promoter of ZNF175 gene in low- or high-throughput transcription factor functional studies from the CHEA Transcription Factor Targets dataset.
	ChEA Transcription Factor Targets 2022	transcription factors binding the promoter of ZNF175 gene in low- or high-throughput transcription factor functional studies from the CHEA Transcription Factor Targets 2022 dataset.
	CM4AI KOLF21J CRISPRi Gene Perturbation Atlas	gene perturbations changing expression of ZNF175 gene from the CM4AI KOLF21J CRISPRi Gene Perturbation Atlas dataset.
	CMAP Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Small Molecules	small molecule perturbations changing expression of ZNF175 gene from the CMAP Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Small Molecules dataset.
	COMPARTMENTS Curated Protein Localization Evidence Scores	cellular components containing ZNF175 protein from the COMPARTMENTS Curated Protein Localization Evidence Scores dataset.
	COMPARTMENTS Curated Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025	cellular components containing ZNF175 protein from the COMPARTMENTS Curated Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025 dataset.
	COMPARTMENTS Experimental Protein Localization Evidence Scores	cellular components containing ZNF175 protein in low- or high-throughput protein localization assays from the COMPARTMENTS Experimental Protein Localization Evidence Scores dataset.
	COMPARTMENTS Experimental Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025	cellular components containing ZNF175 protein in low- or high-throughput protein localization assays from the COMPARTMENTS Experimental Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025 dataset.
	COMPARTMENTS Text-mining Protein Localization Evidence Scores	cellular components co-occuring with ZNF175 protein in abstracts of biomedical publications from the COMPARTMENTS Text-mining Protein Localization Evidence Scores dataset.
	COMPARTMENTS Text-mining Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025	cellular components co-occuring with ZNF175 protein in abstracts of biomedical publications from the COMPARTMENTS Text-mining Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025 dataset.
	COSMIC Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles	cell lines with high or low copy number of ZNF175 gene relative to other cell lines from the COSMIC Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles dataset.
	COSMIC Cell Line Gene Mutation Profiles	cell lines with ZNF175 gene mutations from the COSMIC Cell Line Gene Mutation Profiles dataset.
	CTD Gene-Chemical Interactions	chemicals interacting with ZNF175 gene/protein from the curated CTD Gene-Chemical Interactions dataset.
	CTD Gene-Disease Associations	diseases associated with ZNF175 gene/protein from the curated CTD Gene-Disease Associations dataset.
	dbGAP Gene-Trait Associations	traits associated with ZNF175 gene in GWAS and other genetic association datasets from the dbGAP Gene-Trait Associations dataset.
	DeepCoverMOA Drug Mechanisms of Action	small molecule perturbations with high or low expression of ZNF175 protein relative to other small molecule perturbations from the DeepCoverMOA Drug Mechanisms of Action dataset.
	DepMap CRISPR Gene Dependency	cell lines with fitness changed by ZNF175 gene knockdown relative to other cell lines from the DepMap CRISPR Gene Dependency dataset.
	DISEASES Experimental Gene-Disease Association Evidence Scores	diseases associated with ZNF175 gene in GWAS datasets from the DISEASES Experimental Gene-Disease Assocation Evidence Scores dataset.
	DISEASES Experimental Gene-Disease Association Evidence Scores 2025	diseases associated with ZNF175 gene in GWAS datasets from the DISEASES Experimental Gene-Disease Assocation Evidence Scores 2025 dataset.
	DISEASES Text-mining Gene-Disease Association Evidence Scores	diseases co-occuring with ZNF175 gene in abstracts of biomedical publications from the DISEASES Text-mining Gene-Disease Assocation Evidence Scores dataset.
	DISEASES Text-mining Gene-Disease Association Evidence Scores 2025	diseases co-occuring with ZNF175 gene in abstracts of biomedical publications from the DISEASES Text-mining Gene-Disease Assocation Evidence Scores 2025 dataset.
	DisGeNET Gene-Disease Associations	diseases associated with ZNF175 gene in GWAS and other genetic association datasets from the DisGeNET Gene-Disease Associations dataset.
	ENCODE Histone Modification Site Profiles	histone modification site profiles with high histone modification abundance at ZNF175 gene from the ENCODE Histone Modification Site Profiles dataset.
	ENCODE Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles	transcription factor binding site profiles with transcription factor binding evidence at the promoter of ZNF175 gene from the ENCODE Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles dataset.
	ENCODE Transcription Factor Targets	transcription factors binding the promoter of ZNF175 gene in ChIP-seq datasets from the ENCODE Transcription Factor Targets dataset.
	ESCAPE Omics Signatures of Genes and Proteins for Stem Cells	PubMedIDs of publications reporting gene signatures containing ZNF175 from the ESCAPE Omics Signatures of Genes and Proteins for Stem Cells dataset.
	GAD Gene-Disease Associations	diseases associated with ZNF175 gene in GWAS and other genetic association datasets from the GAD Gene-Disease Associations dataset.