Harmonizome 3.0

glutamate-<strong>ammoniastrong> ligase

The protein encoded by this gene belongs to the glutamine synthetase family. It catalyzes the synthesis of glutamine from glutamate and <strong>ammoniastrong> in an ATP-dependent reaction. This protein plays a role in <strong>ammoniastrong> and glutamate detoxification, acid-base homeostasis, cell signaling, and cell proliferation. Glutamine is an abundant amino acid, and is important to the biosynthesis of several amino acids, pyrimidines, and purines. Mutations in this gene are associated with congenital glutamine deficiency, and overexpression of this gene was observed in some primary liver cancer samples. There are six pseudogenes of this gene found on chromosomes 2, 5, 9, 11, and 12. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Dec 2014]

histidine <strong>ammoniastrong>-lyase

Histidine <strong>ammoniastrong>-lyase is a cytosolic enzyme catalyzing the first reaction in histidine catabolism, the nonoxidative deamination of L-histidine to trans-urocanic acid. Histidine <strong>ammoniastrong>-lyase defects cause histidinemia which is characterized by increased histidine and histamine and decreased urocanic acid in body fluids. Several transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Apr 2012]

glutamate-<strong>ammoniastrong> ligase (glutamine synthetase) pseudogene 1

glutamate-<strong>ammoniastrong> ligase (glutamine synthetase) pseudogene 2

glutamate-<strong>ammoniastrong> ligase (glutamine synthetase) pseudogene 3

glutamate-<strong>ammoniastrong> ligase (glutamine synthetase) pseudogene 4

glutamate-<strong>ammoniastrong> ligase (glutamine synthetase) pseudogene 5

glutamate-<strong>ammoniastrong> ligase (glutamine synthetase) pseudogene 6