Harmonizome 3.0

meningioma expressed antigen 5 (hyaluronidase)

The dynamic modification of cytoplasmic and nuclear proteins by O-linked N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc) addition and removal on serine and threonine residues is catalyzed by OGT (MIM 300255), which adds O-GlcNAc, and MGEA5, a glycosidase that removes O-GlcNAc modifications (Gao et al., 2001 [PubMed 11148210]).[supplied by OMIM, Mar 2008]

sperm adhesion molecule 1 (PH-20 hyaluronidase, zona pellucida binding)

Hyaluronidase degrades hyaluronic acid, a major structural proteoglycan found in extracellular matrices and basement membranes. Six members of the hyaluronidase family are clustered into two tightly linked groups on chromosome 3p21.3 and 7q31.3. This gene was previously referred to as HYAL1 and HYA1 and has since been assigned the official symbol SPAM1; another family member on chromosome 3p21.3 has been assigned HYAL1. This gene encodes a GPI-anchored enzyme located on the human sperm surface and inner acrosomal membrane. This multifunctional protein is a hyaluronidase that enables sperm to penetrate through the hyaluronic acid-rich cumulus cell layer surrounding the oocyte, a receptor that plays a role in hyaluronic acid induced cell signaling, and a receptor that is involved in sperm-zona pellucida adhesion. Abnormal expression of this gene in tumors has implicated this protein in degradation of basement membranes leading to tumor invasion and metastasis. Multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Mar 2010]

cell migration inducing hyaluronidase 2

This gene encodes a type II transmembrane protein that belongs to the interferon-induced transmembrane (IFITM) protein superfamily. The encoded protein functions as a cell surface hyaluronidase that cleaves extracellular high molecular weight hyaluronan into intermediate size fragments before internalization and degradation in the lysosome. It also has an interferon-mediated antiviral function in humans through activation of the JAK STAT signaling pathway. The activation of this gene by transcription factor SOX4 in breast cancer cells has been shown to mediate the pathological effects of SOX4 on cancer progression. Naturally occurring mutations in this gene are associated with autosomal recessive non-syndromic hearing loss. [provided by RefSeq, Mar 2017]

hyaluronidase 6, pseudogene