Harmonizome 3.0

transition protein 2 (during histone to protamine replacement)

Predicted to enable zinc ion binding activity. Predicted to be involved in several processes, including penetration of zona pellucida; positive regulation of protein processing; and sperm DNA condensation. Predicted to act upstream of or within binding activity of sperm to zona pellucida and flagellated sperm motility. Predicted to be located in male germ cell nucleus. Predicted to be part of nucleosome. Predicted to be active in nucleus. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

transition protein 1 (during histone to protamine replacement)

Transition protein-1 is a spermatid-specific product of the haploid genome which replaces histone and is itself replaced in the mature sperm by the protamines (see PRM1, MIM 182880; PRM2, MIM 182890) (Luerssen et al., 1990 [PubMed 2249851]).[supplied by OMIM, Mar 2008]

G1 to S phase transition pseudogene

G1 to S phase transition 2

This gene encodes a GTPase that belongs to the GTP-binding elongation factor family. The encoded protein is a polypeptide release factor that complexes with eukaryotic peptide chain release factor 1 to mediate translation termination. This protein may also be involved in mRNA stability.[provided by RefSeq, Mar 2010]

G1 to S phase transition 1

Enables GTPase activity and translation release factor activity. Involved in regulation of translational termination and translational termination. Acts upstream of or within protein methylation. Part of translation release factor complex. Is active in cytosolic ribosome. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

transition zone microprotein 1

meiosis specific with OB domains

Predicted to enable chromatin binding activity; single-stranded DNA 3'-5' DNA exonuclease activity; and single-stranded DNA binding activity. Predicted to be involved in double-strand break repair via homologous recombination; fertilization; and meiotic nuclear division. Located in nucleus. Implicated in primary ovarian insufficiency and spermatogenic failure 22. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

meiosis/spermiogenesis associated 1

Predicted to be involved in cell differentiation. Predicted to act upstream of or within manchette assembly and protein localization. Predicted to be located in cytosol and manchette. Predicted to be active in nucleus. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

meiosis-specific nuclear structural 1

This gene encodes a protein highly similar to the mouse meiosis-specific nuclear structural 1 protein. The mouse protein was shown to be expressed at the pachytene stage during spermatogenesis and may function as a nuclear skeletal protein to regulate nuclear morphology during meiosis. [provided by RefSeq, Oct 2008]

meiosis inhibitor 1

Predicted to be involved in meiosis I. Predicted to act upstream of or within germ cell development; meiotic nuclear division; and meiotic spindle organization. Implicated in gestational trophoblastic neoplasm. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

meiosis 1 associated protein

This gene encodes a protein that is likely to function in progression of meiosis. A similar protein in mouse plays a role in gametogenesis in both sexes. Alternate splicing results in multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2013]

meiosis-specific 4 homolog (S. cerevisiae)

Predicted to be involved in meiosis I cell cycle process; oogenesis; and spermatogenesis. Predicted to be located in chromosome. Predicted to be active in lateral element. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

missing oocyte, meiosis regulator, homolog (Drosophila)

Predicted to enable metal ion binding activity. Involved in cellular response to amino acid starvation; positive regulation of TORC1 signaling; and protein-containing complex localization. Located in several cellular components, including cytosol; lysosomal membrane; and nucleoplasm. Part of GATOR2 complex. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

meiosis regulator and mRNA stability factor 1

This gene encodes a putative peroxisomal protein that appears to be conserved across Euteleostomi. In humans, it may be autoantigenic. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2010]

meiosis initiator

Predicted to enable DNA binding activity and protein dimerization activity. Predicted to be involved in several processes, including activation of meiosis; cellular response to retinoic acid; and regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II. Predicted to be located in nucleus. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

meiosis specific with coiled-coil domain

Predicted to be involved in several processes, including germ cell development; germline cell cycle switching, mitotic to meiotic cell cycle; and meiosis I. Predicted to be active in cytoplasm and nucleus. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

anaphase promoting complex subunit 1

This gene encodes a subunit of the anaphase-promoting complex. This complex is an E3 ubiquitin ligase that regulates progression through the metaphase to anaphase portion of the cell cycle by ubiquitinating proteins which targets them for degradation. [provided by RefSeq, Dec 2011]

anaphase promoting complex subunit 2

A large protein complex, termed the anaphase-promoting complex (APC), or the cyclosome, promotes metaphase-anaphase transition by ubiquitinating its specific substrates such as mitotic cyclins and anaphase inhibitor, which are subsequently degraded by the 26S proteasome. Biochemical studies have shown that the vertebrate APC contains eight subunits. The composition of the APC is highly conserved in organisms from yeast to humans. The product of this gene is a component of the complex and shares sequence similarity with a recently identified family of proteins called cullins, which may also be involved in ubiquitin-mediated degradation. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

anaphase promoting complex subunit 5

This gene encodes a tetratricopeptide repeat-containing component of the anaphase promoting complex/cyclosome (APC/C), a large E3 ubiquitin ligase that controls cell cycle progression by targeting a number of cell cycle regulators such as B-type cyclins for 26S proteasome-mediated degradation through ubiquitination. The encoded protein is required for the proper ubiquitination function of APC/C and for the interaction of APC/C with transcription coactivators. It also interacts with polyA binding protein and represses internal ribosome entry site-mediated translation. Multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. These differences cause translation initiation at a downstream AUG and result in a shorter protein (isoform b), compared to isoform a. [provided by RefSeq, Nov 2008]

anaphase promoting complex subunit 4

A large protein complex, termed the anaphase-promoting complex (APC), or the cyclosome, promotes metaphase-anaphase transition by ubiquitinating its specific substrates such as mitotic cyclins and anaphase inhibitor, which are subsequently degraded by the 26S proteasome. Biochemical studies have shown that the vertebrate APC contains eight subunits. The composition of the APC is highly conserved in organisms from yeast to humans. The exact function of this gene product is not known. Two transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Nov 2013]

anaphase promoting complex subunit 7

This gene encodes a tetratricopeptide repeat containing component of the anaphase promoting complex/cyclosome (APC/C), a large E3 ubiquitin ligase that controls cell cycle progression by targeting a number of cell cycle regulators such as B-type cyclins for 26S proteasome-mediated degradation through ubiquitination. The encoded protein is required for proper protein ubiquitination function of APC/C and for the interaction of APC/C with certain transcription coactivators. Multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Nov 2008]

anaphase promoting complex subunit 1 pseudogene 1

anaphase promoting complex subunit 13 pseudogene

anaphase promoting complex subunit 13 pseudogene

anaphase promoting complex subunit 1 pseudogene

anaphase promoting complex subunit 1 pseudogene

anaphase promoting complex subunit 13

This gene encodes a component of the anaphase promoting complex, a large ubiquitin-protein ligase that controls cell cycle progression by regulating the degradation of cell cycle regulators such as B-type cyclins. The encoded protein is evolutionarily conserved and is required for the integrity and ubiquitin ligase activity of the anaphase promoting complex. Pseudogenes and splice variants have been found for this gene; however, the biological validity of some of the splice variants has not been determined. [provided by RefSeq, Nov 2008]

anaphase-promoting complex subunit 1-like

anaphase-promoting complex subunit 1-like

anaphase promoting complex subunit 1 pseudogene

anaphase-promoting complex subunit 1-like

anaphase promoting complex subunit 15

Involved in anaphase-promoting complex-dependent catabolic process; protein polyubiquitination; and regulation of mitotic cell cycle spindle assembly checkpoint. Part of anaphase-promoting complex. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

anaphase promoting complex subunit 16

Involved in anaphase-promoting complex-dependent catabolic process and protein polyubiquitination. Located in cytosol and kinetochore. Part of anaphase-promoting complex. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

anaphase promoting complex subunit 11

Enables cullin family protein binding activity and ubiquitin-ubiquitin ligase activity. Contributes to ubiquitin-protein transferase activity. Involved in anaphase-promoting complex-dependent catabolic process; positive regulation of mitotic metaphase/anaphase transition; and protein polyubiquitination. Located in nucleolus and nucleoplasm. Part of anaphase-promoting complex. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

anaphase promoting complex subunit 10

ANAPC10 is a core subunit of the anaphase-promoting complex (APC), or cyclosome, a ubiquitin protein ligase that is essential for progression through the cell cycle. APC initiates sister chromatid separation by ubiquitinating the anaphase inhibitor securin (PTTG1; MIM 604147) and triggers exit from mitosis by ubiquitinating cyclin B (CCNB1; MIM 123836), the activating subunit of cyclin-dependent kinase-1 (CDK1; MIM 116940) (summary by Wendt et al., 2001 [PubMed 11524682]).[supplied by OMIM, Feb 2011]

CDC26 subunit of anaphase promoting complex-related gene

anaphase promoting complex subunit 10 pseudogene 1