Harmonizome 3.0

inosine triphosphatase (nucleoside triphosphate pyrophosphatase)

This gene encodes an inosine triphosphate pyrophosphohydrolase. The encoded protein hydrolyzes inosine triphosphate and deoxyinosine triphosphate to the monophosphate nucleotide and diphosphate. This protein, which is a member of the HAM1 NTPase protein family, is found in the cytoplasm and acts as a homodimer. Defects in the encoded protein can result in inosine triphosphate pyrophosphorylase deficiency which causes an accumulation of ITP in red blood cells. Alternate splicing results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Jun 2012]

ectonucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolase 6 (putative)

ENTPD6 is similar to E-type nucleotidases (NTPases). NTPases, such as CD39, mediate catabolism of extracellular nucleotides. ENTPD6 contains 4 apyrase-conserved regions which are characteristic of NTPases. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms. [provided by RefSeq, Dec 2015]

ectonucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolase 7

This gene encodes a purine-converting ectoenzyme which belongs to the ecto-nucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolase (E-NTPDase) family. The encoded protein hydrolyzes extracellular nucleoside triphosphates (UTP, GTP, and CTP) to nucleoside monophosphates as part of a purinergic signaling pathway. It contains two transmembrane domains at the N- and C-termini and a large, hydrophobic catalytic domain located in between. This gene affects oxidative stress as well as DNA damage and is a mediator of senescence. [provided by RefSeq, Mar 2017]

ectonucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolase 5

The protein encoded by this gene is similar to E-type nucleotidases (NTPases)/ecto-ATPase/apyrases. NTPases, such as CD39, mediate catabolism of extracellular nucleotides. ENTPD5 contains 4 apyrase-conserved regions which is characteristic of NTPases. [provided by RefSeq, Jan 2009]

ectonucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolase 4

This gene encodes a member of the apyrase protein family. Apyrases are enzymes that catalyze the hydrolysis of nucleotide diphosphates and triphosphates in a calcium or magnesium-dependent manner. The encoded protein is an endo-apyrase and may play a role in salvaging nucleotides from lysosomes. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding multiple isoforms have been observed for this gene, and these isoforms may differ in divalent cation dependence and substrate specificity. [provided by RefSeq, Sep 2011]

ectonucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolase 3

This gene encodes a plasma membrane-bound divalent cation-dependent E-type nucleotidase. The encoded protein is involved in the regulation of extracellular levels of ATP by hydrolysis of it and other nucleotides. Multiple transcript variants have been described. [provided by RefSeq, May 2014]

ectonucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolase 2

The protein encoded by this gene is the type 2 enzyme of the ecto-nucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolase family (E-NTPDase). E-NTPDases are a family of ecto-nucleosidases that hydrolyze 5'-triphosphates. This ecto-ATPase is an integral membrane protein. Alternative splicing of this gene results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

ectonucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolase 1

The protein encoded by this gene is a plasma membrane protein that hydrolyzes extracellular ATP and ADP to AMP. Inhibition of this protein's activity may confer anticancer benefits. Several transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Aug 2015]

ectonucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolase 8

Predicted to enable GDP phosphatase activity; UDP phosphatase activity; and ribonucleoside triphosphate phosphatase activity. Predicted to be involved in nucleoside diphosphate catabolic process. Predicted to act upstream of or within nucleoside diphosphate biosynthetic process and nucleoside monophosphate biosynthetic process. Predicted to be located in membrane. Predicted to be active in plasma membrane. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

putative deoxyuridine 5'-triphosphate nucleotidohydrolase-like protein FLJ16323

Predicted to enable dUTP diphosphatase activity and magnesium ion binding activity. Predicted to be involved in dUMP biosynthetic process and dUTP catabolic process. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

deoxyuridine 5'-triphosphate nucleotidohydrolase, mitochondrial-like

inositol 1,3,4-triphosphate 5/6 kinase pseudogene

inositol 1,4,5-triphosphate receptor associated 2

The protein encode dby this gene is expressed in a developmentally regulated manner in lymphoid cell lines and tissues. The protein is localized to the cytoplasmic face of the endoplasmic reticulum. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

inositol 1,4,5-triphosphate receptor associated 1

This gene is similar to a putative mouse tumor suppressor gene (Mrvi1) that is frequently disrupted by mouse AIDS-related virus (MRV). The encoded protein, which is found in the membrane of the endoplasmic reticulum, is similar to Jaw1, a lymphoid-restricted protein whose expression is down-regulated during lymphoid differentiation. This protein is a substrate of cGMP-dependent kinase-1 (PKG1) that can function as a regulator of IP3-induced calcium release. Studies in mouse suggest that MRV integration at Mrvi1 induces myeloid leukemia by altering the expression of a gene important for myeloid cell growth and/or differentiation, and thus this gene may function as a myeloid leukemia tumor suppressor gene. Several alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene, and alternative translation start sites, including a non-AUG (CUG) start site, are used. [provided by RefSeq, May 2011]

pyrophosphatase (inorganic) 2

The protein encoded by this gene is localized to the mitochondrion, is highly similar to members of the inorganic pyrophosphatase (PPase) family, and contains the signature sequence essential for the catalytic activity of PPase. PPases catalyze the hydrolysis of pyrophosphate to inorganic phosphate, which is important for the phosphate metabolism of cells. Alternate transcriptional splice variants, encoding different isoforms, have been characterized. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

pyrophosphatase (inorganic) 1

The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the inorganic pyrophosphatase (PPase) family. PPases catalyze the hydrolysis of pyrophosphate to inorganic phosphate, which is important for the phosphate metabolism of cells. Studies of a similar protein in bovine suggested a cytoplasmic localization of this enzyme. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

pyrophosphatase (inorganic) 1 pseudogene

ectonucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase 7 pseudogene 13

ectonucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase 7 pseudogene 11

pyrophosphatase (inorganic) 1 pseudogene

ectonucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase family member 7-like

ectonucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase 7 pseudogene 9

ectonucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase 7 pseudogene 8

ectonucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase 7 pseudogene 2

ectonucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase 7 pseudogene 1

ectonucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase 7 pseudogene 7

ectonucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase 7 pseudogene 4

dCTP pyrophosphatase 1

The protein encoded by this gene is dCTP pyrophosphatase, which converts dCTP to dCMP and inorganic pyrophosphate. The encoded protein also displays weak activity against dTTP and dATP, but none against dGTP. This protein may be responsible for eliminating excess dCTP after DNA synthesis and may prevent overmethylation of CpG islands. Three transcript variants, one protein-coding and the other two non-protein coding, have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Dec 2015]

ectonucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase 6

Enables glycerophosphocholine cholinephosphodiesterase activity. Involved in choline metabolic process and lipid metabolic process. Located in extracellular region and plasma membrane. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

ectonucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase 7

The protein encoded by this gene is an intestinal alkaline sphingomyelin phosphodiesterase that converts sphingomyelin to ceramide and phosphocholine. The encoded protein is anchored in the cell membrane, and it may function to protect the intestinal mucosa from inflammation and tumorigenesis. This protein is glycosylated and also exhibits lysophosphatidylcholine hydrolase activity. [provided by RefSeq, Oct 2016]

ectonucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase 4 (putative)

Enables bis(5'-adenosyl)-triphosphatase activity. Involved in positive regulation of blood coagulation and purine ribonucleoside catabolic process. Located in extracellular exosome and membrane. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

ectonucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase 5 (putative)

This gene encodes a type-I transmembrane glycoprotein. Studies in rat suggest the encoded protein may play a role in neuronal cell communications. Alternatively spliced transcript variants have been described. [provided by RefSeq, Feb 2014]

ectonucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase 2

The protein encoded by this gene functions as both a phosphodiesterase, which cleaves phosphodiester bonds at the 5' end of oligonucleotides, and a phospholipase, which catalyzes production of lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) in extracellular fluids. LPA evokes growth factor-like responses including stimulation of cell proliferation and chemotaxis. This gene product stimulates the motility of tumor cells and has angiogenic properties, and its expression is upregulated in several kinds of carcinomas. The gene product is secreted and further processed to make the biologically active form. Several alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been identified. [provided by RefSeq, Aug 2008]

ectonucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase 3

The protein encoded by this gene belongs to a series of ectoenzymes that are involved in hydrolysis of extracellular nucleotides. These ectoenzymes possess ATPase and ATP pyrophosphatase activities and are type II transmembrane proteins. Expression of the related rat mRNA has been found in a subset of immature glial cells and in the alimentary tract. The corresponding rat protein has been detected in the pancreas, small intestine, colon, and liver. The human mRNA is expressed in glioma cells, prostate, and uterus. Expression of the human protein has been detected in uterus, basophils, and mast cells. Two transcript variants, one protein coding and the other non-protein coding, have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Oct 2015]

ectonucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase 1

This gene is a member of the ecto-nucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase (ENPP) family. The encoded protein is a type II transmembrane glycoprotein comprising two identical disulfide-bonded subunits. This protein has broad specificity and cleaves a variety of substrates, including phosphodiester bonds of nucleotides and nucleotide sugars and pyrophosphate bonds of nucleotides and nucleotide sugars. This protein may function to hydrolyze nucleoside 5' triphosphates to their corresponding monophosphates and may also hydrolyze diadenosine polyphosphates. Mutations in this gene have been associated with 'idiopathic' infantile arterial calcification, ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament of the spine (OPLL), and insulin resistance. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

ectonucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase 7 pseudogene 10