Harmonizome 3.0

WW domain containing oxidoreductase

This gene encodes a member of the short-chain dehydrogenases/reductases (SDR) protein family. This gene spans the FRA16D common chromosomal fragile site and appears to function as a tumor suppressor gene. Expression of the encoded protein is able to induce apoptosis, while defects in this gene are associated with multiple types of cancer. Disruption of this gene is also associated with autosomal recessive spinocerebellar ataxia 12. Disruption of a similar gene in mouse results in impaired steroidogenesis, additionally suggesting a metabolic function for the protein. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, May 2014]

FAD-dependent oxidoreductase domain containing 2

Enables flavin adenine dinucleotide binding activity. Involved in ERAD pathway. Located in endoplasmic reticulum lumen. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

FAD-dependent oxidoreductase domain containing 1

This gene encodes a protein that contains a FAD-dependent oxidoreductase domain. The encoded protein is localized to the mitochondria and may function as a chaperone protein required for the function of mitochondrial complex I. Mutations in this gene are associated with mitochondrial complex I deficiency. Alternatively spliced transcript variants have been observed for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Dec 2010]

sepiapterin reductase (7,8-dihydrobiopterin:NADP+ oxidoreductase) pseudogene

NADPH dependent diflavin oxidoreductase 1

This gene encodes an NADPH-dependent diflavin reductase that contains both flavin mononucleotide (FMN) and flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD) binding domains. The encoded protein catalyzes the transfer of electrons from NADPH through FAD and FMN cofactors to potential redox partners. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Mar 2012]

oxidoreductase NAD-binding domain containing 1

Predicted to enable oxidoreductase activity. Located in mitochondrion. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

NADP-dependent oxidoreductase domain containing 1

Predicted to enable pyrroline-5-carboxylate reductase activity. Predicted to be involved in L-proline biosynthetic process. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

sepiapterin reductase (7,8-dihydrobiopterin:NADP+ oxidoreductase)

This gene encodes an aldo-keto reductase that catalyzes the NADPH-dependent reduction of pteridine derivatives and is important in the biosynthesis of tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4). Mutations in this gene result in DOPA-responsive dystonia due to sepiaterin reductase deficiency. A pseudogene has been identified on chromosome 1. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

glucose-fructose oxidoreductase domain containing 2

Predicted to enable nucleotide binding activity and oxidoreductase activity. Predicted to be involved in extracellular matrix organization. Predicted to be located in extracellular region. Predicted to be active in extracellular matrix. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

glucose-fructose oxidoreductase domain containing 1

Predicted to enable nucleotide binding activity and oxidoreductase activity. Predicted to be located in extracellular region. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

laccase (multicopper oxidoreductase) domain containing 1

This gene encodes an oxidoreductase that promotes fatty-acid oxidation, with concomitant inflammasome activation, mitochondrial and NADPH-oxidase-dependent reactive oxygen species production, and bactericidal activity of macrophages. The encoded protein forms a complex with fatty acid synthase on peroxisomes and is thought to be modulated by peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor signaling events. Naturally occurring mutations in this gene are associated with inflammatory bowel disease, Behcet's disease, leprosy, ulcerative colitis, early-onset Crohn's disease, and systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis. [provided by RefSeq, Apr 2017]

quinone oxidoreductase-like protein 2 pseudogene

glucose-fructose oxidoreductase domain containing 2 pseudogene

P450 (cytochrome) oxidoreductase

This gene encodes an endoplasmic reticulum membrane oxidoreductase that is essential for multiple metabolic processes, including reactions catalyzed by cytochrome P450 proteins for metabolism of steroid hormones, drugs and xenobiotics. The encoded protein has a flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD)-binding domain and a flavodoxin-like domain which bind two cofactors, FAD and FMN, that allow it to donate electrons directly from NADPH to all microsomal P450 enzymes. Mutations in this gene cause a complex set of disorders, including apparent combined P450C17 and P450C21 deficiency, amenorrhea and disordered steroidogenesis, congenital adrenal hyperplasia and Antley-Bixler syndrome, that resemble those caused by defects in steroid metabolizing enzymes such as aromatase, 21-hydroxylase, and 17 alpha-hydroxylase. [provided by RefSeq, Aug 2020]

oxidoreductase-like domain containing 1

Located in mitochondrion. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

pyridine nucleotide-disulphide oxidoreductase domain 2

Predicted to enable oxidoreductase activity. Involved in mitochondrion organization. Located in mitochondrial matrix. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

pyridine nucleotide-disulphide oxidoreductase domain 1

This gene encodes a nuclear-cytoplasmic pyridine nucleotide-disulphide reductase (PNDR). PNDRs are flavoproteins that catalyze the pyridine nucleotide-dependent reduction of thiol residues in other proteins. The encoded protein belongs to the class I pyridine nucleotide-disulphide oxidoreductase family but lacks the C-terminal dimerization domain found in other family members and instead has a C-terminal nitrile reductase domain. It localizes to the nucleus and to striated sarcomeric compartments. Naturally occurring mutations in this gene cause early-onset myopathy with internalized nuclei and myofibrillar disorganization. A pseudogene of this gene has been defined on chromosome 11. [provided by RefSeq, Apr 2017]

pyridine nucleotide-disulphide oxidoreductase domain 1 pseudogene

quinone oxidoreductase-like protein 2 pseudogene

endoplasmic reticulum oxidoreductase 1 beta

Enables protein-disulfide reductase activity and thiol oxidase activity. Involved in protein folding in endoplasmic reticulum. Predicted to be located in endoplasmic reticulum. Predicted to be active in endoplasmic reticulum lumen and endoplasmic reticulum membrane. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

sulfide quinone oxidoreductase

The protein encoded by this gene may function in mitochondria to catalyze the conversion of sulfide to persulfides, thereby decreasing toxic concencrations of sulfide. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants that encode the same protein. [provided by RefSeq, Sep 2012]

endoplasmic reticulum oxidoreductase 1 alpha

Enables oxidoreductase activity. Involved in cell redox homeostasis and chaperone cofactor-dependent protein refolding. Located in Golgi lumen; endoplasmic reticulum; and extracellular space. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase complex assembly factor 8

Involved in mitochondrial respiratory chain complex I assembly. Located in mitochondrial matrix. Implicated in nuclear type mitochondrial complex I deficiency 34. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase pseudogene

glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase pseudogene

glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase pseudogene

glyceraldehyde 3 phosphate dehydrogenase pseudogene 39

glyceraldehyde 3 phosphate dehydrogenase pseudogene 38

glyceraldehyde 3 phosphate dehydrogenase pseudogene 31

glyceraldehyde 3 phosphate dehydrogenase pseudogene 30

glyceraldehyde 3 phosphate dehydrogenase pseudogene 33

glyceraldehyde 3 phosphate dehydrogenase pseudogene 32

glyceraldehyde 3 phosphate dehydrogenase pseudogene 35

glyceraldehyde 3 phosphate dehydrogenase pseudogene 34

glyceraldehyde 3 phosphate dehydrogenase pseudogene 37

glyceraldehyde 3 phosphate dehydrogenase pseudogene 36

glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase pseudogene

glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase pseudogene

glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase pseudogene 2

glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase pseudogene 1

glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase pseudogene

glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase pseudogene

glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase pseudogene

glyceraldehyde 3 phosphate dehydrogenase pseudogene 55

glyceraldehyde 3 phosphate dehydrogenase pseudogene 54

glyceraldehyde 3 phosphate dehydrogenase pseudogene 53

glyceraldehyde 3 phosphate dehydrogenase pseudogene 52

glyceraldehyde 3 phosphate dehydrogenase pseudogene 51

glyceraldehyde 3 phosphate dehydrogenase pseudogene 50

glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase pseudogene 76

glyceraldehyde 3 phosphate dehydrogenase pseudogene 57

glyceraldehyde 3 phosphate dehydrogenase pseudogene 26

glyceraldehyde 3 phosphate dehydrogenase pseudogene 25

glyceraldehyde 3 phosphate dehydrogenase pseudogene 22

glyceraldehyde 3 phosphate dehydrogenase pseudogene 23

glyceraldehyde 3 phosphate dehydrogenase pseudogene 20

glyceraldehyde 3 phosphate dehydrogenase pseudogene 21

glyceraldehyde 3 phosphate dehydrogenase pseudogene 29

glyceraldehyde 3 phosphate dehydrogenase pseudogene 24

glyceraldehyde 3 phosphate dehydrogenase pseudogene 28

glyceraldehyde 3 phosphate dehydrogenase pseudogene 68

glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase pseudogene 75

glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase pseudogene 74

glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase pseudogene 71

glyceraldehyde 3 phosphate dehydrogenase pseudogene 70

glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase pseudogene 73

glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase pseudogene 72

glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase

This gene encodes a member of the glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase protein family. The encoded protein has been identified as a moonlighting protein based on its ability to perform mechanistically distinct functions. The product of this gene catalyzes an important energy-yielding step in carbohydrate metabolism, the reversible oxidative phosphorylation of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate in the presence of inorganic phosphate and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD). The encoded protein has additionally been identified to have uracil DNA glycosylase activity in the nucleus. Also, this protein contains a peptide that has antimicrobial activity against E. coli, P. aeruginosa, and C. albicans. Studies of a similar protein in mouse have assigned a variety of additional functions including nitrosylation of nuclear proteins, the regulation of mRNA stability, and acting as a transferrin receptor on the cell surface of macrophage. Many pseudogenes similar to this locus are present in the human genome. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Nov 2014]

glyceraldehyde 3 phosphate dehydrogenase pseudogene 65

glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase pseudogene

glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase pseudogene

glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase pseudogene

glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase pseudogene

glyceraldehyde 3 phosphate dehydrogenase pseudogene 48

glyceraldehyde 3 phosphate dehydrogenase pseudogene 49

glyceraldehyde 3 phosphate dehydrogenase pseudogene 44

glyceraldehyde 3 phosphate dehydrogenase pseudogene 45

glyceraldehyde 3 phosphate dehydrogenase pseudogene 46

glyceraldehyde 3 phosphate dehydrogenase pseudogene 47

glyceraldehyde 3 phosphate dehydrogenase pseudogene 40

glyceraldehyde 3 phosphate dehydrogenase pseudogene 41

glyceraldehyde 3 phosphate dehydrogenase pseudogene 42

glyceraldehyde 3 phosphate dehydrogenase pseudogene 43

glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase pseudogene 17

glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase pseudogene 16

glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase pseudogene 14

glyceraldehyde 3 phosphate dehydrogenase pseudogene 19

glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase pseudogene 59

glyceraldehyde 3 phosphate dehydrogenase pseudogene 58

glyceraldehyde 3 phosphate dehydrogenase pseudogene 56

glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, spermatogenic

This gene encodes a protein belonging to the glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase family of enzymes that play an important role in carbohydrate metabolism. Like its somatic cell counterpart, this sperm-specific enzyme functions in a nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide-dependent manner to remove hydrogen and add phosphate to glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate to form 1,3-diphosphoglycerate. During spermiogenesis, this enzyme may play an important role in regulating the switch between different energy-producing pathways, and it is required for sperm motility and male fertility. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase pseudogene

glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase pseudogene 15

glyceraldehyde 3 phosphate dehydrogenase pseudogene 62

glyceraldehyde 3 phosphate dehydrogenase pseudogene 63

glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase pseudogene 60

glyceraldehyde 3 phosphate dehydrogenase pseudogene 61

glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase pseudogene 66

glyceraldehyde 3 phosphate dehydrogenase pseudogene 67

glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase pseudogene 64

glyceraldehyde 3 phosphate dehydrogenase pseudogene 69

glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase pseudogene

glyceraldehyde 3 phosphate dehydrogenase pseudogene 27

glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase pseudogene