Harmonizome 3.0

RNA guanylyltransferase and 5'-phosphatase

Enables inorganic triphosphate phosphatase activity and mRNA guanylyltransferase activity. Involved in 7-methylguanosine mRNA capping. Predicted to be located in nucleoplasm. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

RNA guanylyltransferase and 5'-phosphatase pseudogene 1

tRNA-histidine guanylyltransferase 1-like (S. cerevisiae)

The protein encoded by this gene is a mitochondrial protein that is induced by high levels of glucose and is associated with diabetic nephropathy. The encoded protein appears to increase mitochondrial biogenesis, which could lead to renal fibrosis. Another function of this protein is that of a guanyltransferase, adding GMP to the 5' end of tRNA(His). Several transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Dec 2015]

mannose-P-dolichol utilization defect 1

This gene encodes an endoplasmic reticulum membrane protein that is required for utilization of the mannose donor mannose-P-dolichol in the synthesis of lipid-linked oligosaccharides and glycosylphosphatidylinositols. Mutations in this gene result in congenital disorder of glycosylation type If. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Dec 2008]

lectin, mannose-binding, 1 like

This gene encodes a mannose-binding type 1 transmembrane protein that contains an N-terminal lectin-like carbohydrate recognition domain. The encoded protein is similar in structure to lectins found in leguminous plants. This lectin is thought to transport newly synthesized glycoproteins from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) to the ER-Golgi intermediate compartment. [provided by RefSeq, Jan 2017]

mannose-binding lectin family member 3, pseudogene

GDP-mannose 4,6-dehydratase

GDP-mannose 4,6-dehydratase (GMD; EC 4.2.1.47) catalyzes the conversion of GDP-mannose to GDP-4-keto-6-deoxymannose, the first step in the synthesis of GDP-fucose from GDP-mannose, using NADP+ as a cofactor. The second and third steps of the pathway are catalyzed by a single enzyme, GDP-keto-6-deoxymannose 3,5-epimerase, 4-reductase, designated FX in humans (MIM 137020).[supplied by OMIM, Aug 2009]

GDP-mannose pyrophosphorylase A

This gene is thought to encode a GDP-mannose pyrophosphorylase. This enzyme catalyzes the reaction which converts mannose-1-phosphate and GTP to GDP-mannose which is involved in the production of N-linked oligosaccharides. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

GDP-mannose pyrophosphorylase B

This gene is thought to encode a GDP-mannose pyrophosphorylase. The encoded protein catalyzes the conversion of mannose-1-phosphate and GTP to GDP-mannose, a reaction involved in the production of N-linked oligosaccharides. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding distinct isoforms have been described. [provided by RefSeq, Jan 2009]

mannose receptor, C type 1

The recognition of complex carbohydrate structures on glycoproteins is an important part of several biological processes, including cell-cell recognition, serum glycoprotein turnover, and neutralization of pathogens. The protein encoded by this gene is a type I membrane receptor that mediates the endocytosis of glycoproteins by macrophages. The protein has been shown to bind high-mannose structures on the surface of potentially pathogenic viruses, bacteria, and fungi so that they can be neutralized by phagocytic engulfment.[provided by RefSeq, Sep 2015]

lectin, mannose-binding 2-like

This gene encodes a protein belonging to the L-type lectin group of type 1 membrane proteins, which function in the mammalian early secretory pathway. These proteins contain luminal carbohydrate recognition domains, which display homology to leguminous lectins. Unlike other proteins of the group, which cycle in the early secretory pathway and are predominantly associated with post endoplasmic reticulum membranes, the protein encoded by this gene is a non-cycling resident protein of the ER, where it functions as a cargo receptor for glycoproteins. It is proposed to regulate exchange of folded proteins for transport to the Golgi and exchange of misfolded glycoproteins for transport to the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway. [provided by RefSeq, Apr 2016]

lectin, mannose-binding, 1

The protein encoded by this gene is a membrane mannose-specific lectin that cycles between the endoplasmic reticulum, endoplasmic reticulum-Golgi intermediate compartment, and cis-Golgi, functioning as a cargo receptor for glycoprotein transport. The protein has an N-terminal signal sequence, a calcium-dependent and pH-sensitive carbohydrate recognition domain, a stalk region that functions in oligomerization, a transmembrane domain, and a short cytoplasmic domain required for organelle targeting. Allelic variants of this gene are associated with the autosomal recessive disorder combined factor V-factor VIII deficiency. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2015]

lectin, mannose-binding 2

This gene encodes a type I transmembrane lectin that shuttles between the endoplasmic reticulum, the Golgi apparatus and the plasma membrane. The encoded protein binds high mannose type glycoproteins and may facilitate their sorting, trafficking and quality control. [provided by RefSeq, Oct 2008]

mannose-binding lectin (protein C) 2, soluble

This gene encodes the soluble mannose-binding lectin or mannose-binding protein found in serum. The protein encoded belongs to the collectin family and is an important element in the innate immune system. The protein recognizes and binds to mannose and N-acetylglucosamine on many microorganisms, including bacteria, yeast, and viruses including influenza virus, HIV and SARS-CoV. This binding activates the classical complement pathway. Deficiencies of this gene have been associated with susceptibility to autoimmune and infectious diseases. [provided by RefSeq, Jun 2020]

protein-O-mannose kinase

This gene encodes a protein that may be involved in the presentation of the laminin-binding O-linked carbohydrate chain of alpha-dystroglycan (a-DG), which forms transmembrane linkages between the extracellular matrix and the exoskeleton. Some pathogens use this O-linked carbohydrate unit for host entry. Loss of function compound heterozygous mutations in this gene were found in a human patient affected by the Walker-Warburg syndrome (WWS) phenotype. Mice lacking this gene contain misplaced neurons (heterotopia) in some regions of the brain, possibly from defects in neuronal migration. Alternative splicing of this gene results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, May 2013]

macrophage mannose receptor 1-like

mannose-binding lectin (protein A) 1, pseudogene

Predicted to enable several functions, including D-mannose binding activity; calcium-dependent carbohydrate binding activity; and protein homodimerization activity. Predicted to be involved in protein homotrimerization. Predicted to act upstream of or within defense response to other organism and positive regulation of phagocytosis. Predicted to be located in extracellular space. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

mannose receptor, C type 2

This gene encodes a member of the mannose receptor family of proteins that contain a fibronectin type II domain and multiple C-type lectin-like domains. The encoded protein plays a role in extracellular matrix remodeling by mediating the internalization and lysosomal degradation of collagen ligands. Expression of this gene may play a role in the tumorigenesis and metastasis of several malignancies including breast cancer, gliomas and metastatic bone disease. [provided by RefSeq, Feb 2012]

macrophage mannose receptor 1-like

protein O-linked mannose N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase 1 (beta 1,2-)

This gene encodes a type II transmembrane protein that resides in the Golgi apparatus. It participates in O-mannosyl glycosylation and is specific for alpha linked terminal mannose. Mutations in this gene may be associated with muscle-eye-brain disease and several congenital muscular dystrophies. Alternatively spliced transcript variants that encode different protein isoforms have been described. [provided by RefSeq, Feb 2014]

protein O-linked mannose N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase 2 (beta 1,4-)

This gene encodes a protein with glycosyltransferase activity although its function is not currently known. [provided by RefSeq, Sep 2012]

ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 2 (rho family, small GTP binding protein Rac2) pseudogene

GTP cyclohydrolase I feedback regulator

GTP cyclohydrolase I feedback regulatory protein binds to and mediates tetrahydrobiopterin inhibition of GTP cyclohydrolase I. The regulatory protein, GCHFR, consists of a homodimer. It is postulated that GCHFR may play a role in regulating phenylalanine metabolism in the liver and in the production of biogenic amine neurotransmitters and nitric oxide. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

developmentally regulated GTP binding protein 1 pseudogene

Ras-related GTP binding A pseudogene 1

GTP binding protein overexpressed in skeletal muscle

The protein encoded by this gene belongs to the RAD/GEM family of GTP-binding proteins. It is associated with the inner face of the plasma membrane and could play a role as a regulatory protein in receptor-mediated signal transduction. Alternative splicing occurs at this locus and two transcript variants encoding the same protein have been identified. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

GTP cyclohydrolase 1

This gene encodes a member of the GTP cyclohydrolase family. The encoded protein is the first and rate-limiting enzyme in tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4) biosynthesis, catalyzing the conversion of GTP into 7,8-dihydroneopterin triphosphate. BH4 is an essential cofactor required by aromatic amino acid hydroxylases as well as nitric oxide synthases. Mutations in this gene are associated with malignant hyperphenylalaninemia and dopa-responsive dystonia. Several alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been described; however, not all variants give rise to a functional enzyme. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

developmentally regulated GTP binding protein 1 pseudogene

elongation factor Tu GTP binding domain containing 1 pseudogene 1

elongation factor Tu GTP binding domain containing 1 pseudogene 2

ATP/GTP binding protein-like 5

This gene encodes a metallocarboxypeptidase involved in protein deglutamylation and a member of the peptidase M14 family of proteins. The encoded protein has been described as a `dual-functional` deglutamylase that can remove glutamate residues from both carboxyl termini and side chains of protein substrates. This deglutamylase activity may be important in antiviral immunity. Mutations in this gene are associated with retinitis pigmentosa. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2016]

ATP/GTP binding protein-like 4

Predicted to enable metallocarboxypeptidase activity and tubulin binding activity. Predicted to be involved in C-terminal protein deglutamylation; defense response to virus; and protein side chain deglutamylation. Predicted to act upstream of or within several processes, including axonal transport of mitochondrion; positive regulation of ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process; and regulation of blastocyst development. Located in Golgi apparatus; centriole; and ciliary basal body. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

ATP/GTP binding protein-like 3

Enables metallocarboxypeptidase activity. Involved in protein side chain deglutamylation. Predicted to be located in cytosol. Predicted to be active in centriole and cytoplasm. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

ATP/GTP binding protein-like 2

Predicted to enable metallocarboxypeptidase activity and tubulin binding activity. Predicted to be involved in protein side chain deglutamylation. Located in centriole and ciliary basal body. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

ATP/GTP binding protein-like 1

Polyglutamylation is a reversible posttranslational modification catalyzed by polyglutamylases that results in the addition of glutamate side chains on the modified protein. This gene encodes a glutamate decarboxylase that catalyzes the deglutamylation of polyglutamylated proteins. Mutations in this gene result in dominant late-onset Fuchs corneal dystrophy. [provided by RefSeq, Nov 2013]

GTP-binding protein 10 (putative)

Small G proteins, such as GTPBP10, act as molecular switches that play crucial roles in the regulation of fundamental cellular processes such as protein synthesis, nuclear transport, membrane trafficking, and signal transduction (Hirano et al., 2006 [PubMed 17054726]).[supplied by OMIM, Mar 2008]

RAS (RAD and GEM)-like GTP-binding 1

The protein encoded by this gene is a GTPase and member of the RAS-like GTP-binding protein family. The encoded protein is expressed in endothelial cells, where it promotes reorganization of the actin cytoskeleton and morphological changes in the cells. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

RAS (RAD and GEM)-like GTP binding 2

Predicted to enable GTP binding activity and calcium channel regulator activity. Predicted to be active in plasma membrane. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 2 (rho family, small GTP binding protein Rac2)

This gene encodes a member of the Ras superfamily of small guanosine triphosphate (GTP)-metabolizing proteins. The encoded protein localizes to the plasma membrane, where it regulates diverse processes, such as secretion, phagocytosis, and cell polarization. Activity of this protein is also involved in the generation of reactive oxygen species. Mutations in this gene are associated with neutrophil immunodeficiency syndrome. There is a pseudogene for this gene on chromosome 6. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2013]

ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 3 (rho family, small GTP binding protein Rac3)

The protein encoded by this gene is a GTPase which belongs to the RAS superfamily of small GTP-binding proteins. Members of this superfamily appear to regulate a diverse array of cellular events, including the control of cell growth, cytoskeletal reorganization, and the activation of protein kinases. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Oct 2015]

ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1 (rho family, small GTP binding protein Rac1)

The protein encoded by this gene is a GTPase which belongs to the RAS superfamily of small GTP-binding proteins. Members of this superfamily appear to regulate a diverse array of cellular events, including the control of cell growth, cytoskeletal reorganization, and the activation of protein kinases. Two transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Mar 2009]

developmentally regulated GTP binding protein 2

This gene encodes a GTP-binding protein known to function in the regulation of cell growth and differentiation. Read-through transcripts containing this gene and a downstream gene have been identified, but they are not thought to encode a fusion protein. This gene is located within the Smith-Magenis syndrome region on chromosome 17. [provided by RefSeq, Jan 2012]

developmentally regulated GTP binding protein 1

Enables several functions, including GTPase activity; identical protein binding activity; and potassium ion binding activity. Involved in positive regulation of microtubule polymerization and regulation of mitotic spindle assembly. Located in cytosol and nuclear body. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

GTP binding protein 4

GTP-binding proteins are GTPases and function as molecular switches that can flip between two states: active, when GTP is bound, and inactive, when GDP is bound. 'Active' in this context usually means that the molecule acts as a signal to trigger other events in the cell. When an extracellular ligand binds to a G-protein-linked receptor, the receptor changes its conformation and switches on the trimeric G proteins that associate with it by causing them to eject their GDP and replace it with GTP. The switch is turned off when the G protein hydrolyzes its own bound GTP, converting it back to GDP. But before that occurs, the active protein has an opportunity to diffuse away from the receptor and deliver its message for a prolonged period to its downstream target. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

GTP binding protein 6 (putative)

This gene encodes a GTP binding protein and is located in the pseudoautosomal region (PAR) at the end of the short arms of the X and Y chromosomes. [provided by RefSeq, Nov 2011]

GTP binding protein 1

This gene is upregulated by interferon-gamma and encodes a protein that is a member of the AGP11/GTPBP1 family of GTP-binding proteins. A structurally similar protein has been found in mouse, where disruption of the gene for that protein had no observable phenotype. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

GTP binding protein 3 (mitochondrial)

This locus encodes a GTP-binding protein. The encoded protein is localized to the mitochondria and may play a role in mitochondrial tRNA modification. Polymorphisms at this locus may be associated with severity of aminoglycoside-induced deafness, a disease associated with a mutation in the 12S rRNA. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been described. [provided by RefSeq, Sep 2010]

GTP binding protein 2

GTP-binding proteins, or G proteins, constitute a superfamily capable of binding GTP or GDP. G proteins are activated by binding GTP and are inactivated by hydrolyzing GTP to GDP. This general mechanism enables G proteins to perform a wide range of biologic activities.[supplied by OMIM, Jan 2003]

GTP-binding protein 8 (putative)

Predicted to enable GTP binding activity; GTPase activity; and metal ion binding activity. Located in mitochondrion. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

elongation factor Tu GTP binding domain containing 2

This gene encodes a GTPase which is a component of the spliceosome complex which processes precursor mRNAs to produce mature mRNAs. Mutations in this gene are associated with mandibulofacial dysostosis with microcephaly. Multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Apr 2012]

elongation factor Tu GTP binding domain containing 1

Enables GTPase activity and ribosome binding activity. Involved in GTP metabolic process and cytosolic ribosome assembly. Predicted to be part of ribonucleoprotein complex. Predicted to be active in cytosol. Implicated in Shwachman-Diamond syndrome. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

DIRAS family, GTP-binding RAS-like 1

DIRAS1 belongs to a distinct branch of the functionally diverse Ras (see HRAS; MIM 190020) superfamily of monomeric GTPases.[supplied by OMIM, Apr 2004]

DIRAS family, GTP-binding RAS-like 3

This gene encodes a member of the ras superfamily. This gene is imprinted gene with monoallelic expression of the paternal allele which is associated with growth suppression. The encoded protein acts as a tumor suppressor whose function is abrogated in many ovarian and breast cancers. This protein may also play a role autophagy in certain cancer cells by regulating the autophagosome initiation complex. [provided by RefSeq, Nov 2015]

DIRAS family, GTP-binding RAS-like 2

DIRAS2 belongs to a distinct branch of the functionally diverse Ras (see HRAS; MIM 190020) superfamily of monomeric GTPases.[supplied by OMIM, Apr 2004]

ATP/GTP binding protein 1

NNA1 is a zinc carboxypeptidase that contains nuclear localization signals and an ATP/GTP-binding motif that was initially cloned from regenerating spinal cord neurons of the mouse.[supplied by OMIM, Jul 2002]

RAP1, GTP-GDP dissociation stimulator 1

The smg GDP dissociation stimulator (smgGDS) protein is a stimulatory GDP/GTP exchange protein with GTPase activity (Riess et al., 1993 [PubMed 8262526]).[supplied by OMIM, Feb 2010]

Ras-related GTP binding D

RRAGD is a monomeric guanine nucleotide-binding protein, or G protein. By binding GTP or GDP, small G proteins act as molecular switches in numerous cell processes and signaling pathways.[supplied by OMIM, Apr 2004]

Ras-related GTP binding A

Enables several functions, including GTP binding activity; protein dimerization activity; and ubiquitin protein ligase binding activity. Involved in several processes, including cellular response to amino acid starvation; positive regulation of TORC1 signaling; and tumor necrosis factor-mediated signaling pathway. Located in GATOR1 complex; lysosome; and nucleoplasm. Part of FNIP-folliculin RagC/D GAP. Is active in lysosomal membrane. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

Ras-related GTP binding C

This gene encodes a member of the GTR/RAG GTP-binding protein family. The encoded protein is a monomeric guanine nucleotide-binding protein which forms a heterodimer with RRAGA and RRAGB and is primarily localized to the cytoplasm. The encoded protein promotes intracellular localization of the mTOR complex. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Dec 2012]

Ras-related GTP binding B

Ras-homologous GTPases constitute a large family of signal transducers that alternate between an activated, GTP-binding state and an inactivated, GDP-binding state. These proteins represent cellular switches that are operated by GTP-exchange factors and factors that stimulate their intrinsic GTPase activity. All GTPases of the Ras superfamily have in common the presence of six conserved motifs involved in GTP/GDP binding, three of which are phosphate-/magnesium-binding sites (PM1-PM3) and three of which are guanine nucleotide-binding sites (G1-G3). Transcript variants encoding distinct isoforms have been identified. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

nucleolar GTP-binding protein 1-like