Harmonizome 3.0

polyribonucleotide nucleotidyltransferase 1 pseudogene 1

polyribonucleotide nucleotidyltransferase 1 pseudogene 2

polyribonucleotide nucleotidyltransferase 1

The protein encoded by this gene belongs to the evolutionary conserved polynucleotide phosphorylase family comprised of phosphate dependent 3'-to-5' exoribonucleases implicated in RNA processing and degradation. This enzyme is predominantly localized in the mitochondrial intermembrane space and is involved in import of RNA to mitochondria. Mutations in this gene have been associated with combined oxidative phosphorylation deficiency-13 and autosomal recessive nonsyndromic deafness-70. Related pseudogenes are found on chromosomes 3 and 7. [provided by RefSeq, Dec 2012]

terminal nucleotidyltransferase 2

Enables poly(A) RNA polymerase activity. Involved in histone mRNA catabolic process; mRNA 3'-end processing; and negative regulation of miRNA catabolic process. Predicted to be located in cytoplasm and nucleus. Predicted to be part of nuclear RNA-directed RNA polymerase complex. Predicted to be active in glutamatergic synapse; perforant pathway to dendrate granule cell synapse; and postsynapse. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

terminal nucleotidyltransferase 4B

Enables guanylyltransferase activity; poly(A) RNA polymerase activity; and telomerase RNA binding activity. Involved in RNA metabolic process; carbohydrate homeostasis; and regulation of nucleobase-containing compound metabolic process. Located in cytosol; nucleolus; and plasma membrane. Part of TRAMP complex. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

terminal nucleotidyltransferase 5A

Enables poly(A) RNA polymerase activity. Predicted to be involved in mRNA stabilization; positive regulation of bone mineralization; and positive regulation of osteoblast differentiation. Predicted to act upstream of or within response to bacterium. Predicted to be located in cytoplasm. Implicated in lung non-small cell carcinoma; osteoarthritis; and osteogenesis imperfecta type 18. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

terminal nucleotidyltransferase 4A

The protein encoded by this gene is a DNA polymerase that is likely involved in DNA repair. In addition, the encoded protein may be required for sister chromatid adhesion. Alternatively spliced transcript variants that encode different isoforms have been described. [provided by RefSeq, Jan 2010]

terminal nucleotidyltransferase 5C

Enables poly(A) RNA polymerase activity. Involved in mRNA stabilization and negative regulation of cell differentiation. Located in centrosome; cytoplasm; and nucleoplasm. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

terminal nucleotidyltransferase 5B

Enables poly(A) RNA polymerase activity. Involved in several processes, including negative regulation of apoptotic process; negative regulation of cell population proliferation; and positive regulation of translation. Located in cytoplasm and nucleus. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

terminal nucleotidyltransferase 5D

Antibodies against the protein encoded by this gene were found only in plasma from cancer patients. While it may be a target for immunotherapy, the function of this gene is unknown. [provided by RefSeq, Dec 2009]