Harmonizome 3.0

nuclear factor, erythroid 2-like 2

This gene encodes a transcription factor which is a member of a small family of basic leucine zipper (bZIP) proteins. The encoded transcription factor regulates genes which contain antioxidant response elements (ARE) in their promoters; many of these genes encode proteins involved in response to injury and inflammation which includes the production of free radicals. Multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been characterized for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Sep 2015]

B-cell translocation gene 1, anti-proliferative

This gene is a member of an anti-proliferative gene family that regulates cell growth and differentiation. Expression of this gene is highest in the G0/G1 phases of the cell cycle and downregulated when cells progressed through G1. The encoded protein interacts with several nuclear receptors, and functions as a coactivator of cell differentiation. This locus has been shown to be involved in a t(8;12)(q24;q22) chromosomal translocation in a case of B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia. [provided by RefSeq, Oct 2008]

anti-Mullerian hormone

This gene encodes a secreted ligand of the TGF-beta (transforming growth factor-beta) superfamily of proteins. Ligands of this family bind various TGF-beta receptors leading to recruitment and activation of SMAD family transcription factors that regulate gene expression. The encoded preproprotein is proteolytically processed to generate N- and C-terminal cleavage products that homodimerize and associate to form a biologically active noncovalent complex. This complex binds to the anti-Mullerian hormone receptor type 2 and causes the regression of Mullerian ducts in the male embryo that would otherwise differentiate into the uterus and fallopian tubes. This protein also plays a role in Leydig cell differentiation and function and follicular development in adult females. Mutations in this gene result in persistent Mullerian duct syndrome. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2016]

breast cancer anti-estrogen resistance 1 pseudogene 2

breast cancer anti-estrogen resistance 1 pseudogene 1

anti-CNG alpha 1 cation channel translation product-like

anti-silencing function 1A histone chaperone

This gene encodes a member of the H3/H4 family of histone chaperone proteins and is similar to the anti-silencing function-1 gene in yeast. The protein is a key component of a histone donor complex that functions in nucleosome assembly. It interacts with histones H3 and H4, and functions together with a chromatin assembly factor during DNA replication and repair. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

anti-silencing function 1B histone chaperone

This gene encodes a member of the H3/H4 family of histone chaperone proteins and is similar to the anti-silencing function-1 gene in yeast. The encoded protein is the substrate of the tousled-like kinase family of cell cycle-regulated kinases, and may play a key role in modulating the nucleosome structure of chromatin by ensuring a constant supply of histones at sites of nucleosome assembly. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

breast cancer anti-estrogen resistance 4 (non-protein coding)

This gene produces a spliced long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) that has been implicated in breast cancer metastasis. It was originally identified in a screen for genes responsible for the development of resistance to anti-estrogens in breast cancer cells. It is thought that release of CCL21 enables this lncRNA to bind to the SNIP1 and PNUTS transcription factors, thereby activating a non-canonical GLI-dependent hedgehog signaling pathway that promotes cancer cell migration and invasion. A similar gene in cow expresses a protein in mature oocytes and preimplantation embryos. Alternatively spliced transcript variants have been identified. [provided by RefSeq, Apr 2015]

breast cancer anti-estrogen resistance 1

The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the Crk-associated substrate (CAS) family of scaffold proteins, characterized by the presence of multiple protein-protein interaction domains and many serine and tyrosine phosphorylation sites. The encoded protein contains a Src-homology 3 (SH3) domain, a proline-rich domain, a substrate domain which contains 15 repeat of the YxxP consensus phosphorylation motif for Src family kinases, a serine-rich domain, and a bipartite Src-binding domain, which can bind both SH2 and SH3 domains. This adaptor protein functions in multiple cellular pathways, including in cell motility, apoptosis and cell cycle control. Dysregulation of this gene can have a wide range of effects, affecting different pathways, including cardiac development, vascular smooth muscle cells, liver and kidney function, endothelial migration, and cancer. [provided by RefSeq, Sep 2017]

breast cancer anti-estrogen resistance 3

Breast tumors are initially dependent on estrogens for growth and progression and can be inhibited by anti-estrogens such as tamoxifen. However, breast cancers progress to become anti-estrogen resistant. Breast cancer anti-estrogen resistance gene 3 was identified in the search for genes involved in the development of estrogen resistance. The gene encodes a component of intracellular signal transduction that causes estrogen-independent proliferation in human breast cancer cells. The protein contains a putative src homology 2 (SH2) domain, a hall mark of cellular tyrosine kinase signaling molecules, and is partly homologous to the cell division cycle protein CDC48. Multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, May 2012]

TGFB1-induced anti-apoptotic factor 1

anti-Mullerian hormone receptor, type II

This gene encodes the receptor for the anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH) which, in addition to testosterone, results in male sex differentiation. AMH and testosterone are produced in the testes by different cells and have different effects. Testosterone promotes the development of male genitalia while the binding of AMH to the encoded receptor prevents the development of the mullerian ducts into uterus and Fallopian tubes. Mutations in this gene are associated with persistent Mullerian duct syndrome type II. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been identified. [provided by RefSeq, Sep 2009]

palmitic acid regulated anti-inflammatory lncRNA

MAP/microtubule affinity-regulating kinase 4

This gene encodes a member of the microtubule affinity-regulating kinase family. These protein kinases phosphorylate microtubule-associated proteins and regulate the transition between stable and dynamic microtubules. The encoded protein is associated with the centrosome throughout mitosis and may be involved in cell cycle control. Expression of this gene is a potential marker for cancer, and the encoded protein may also play a role in Alzheimer's disease. Pseudogenes of this gene are located on both the short and long arm of chromosome 3. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding multiple isoforms have been observed for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Dec 2010]

MAP/microtubule affinity-regulating kinase 1

Enables several functions, including ATP binding activity; magnesium ion binding activity; and phospholipid binding activity. Involved in intracellular signal transduction; negative regulation of epithelial to mesenchymal transition; and protein phosphorylation. Located in cytoplasm; dendrite; and plasma membrane. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

MAP/microtubule affinity-regulating kinase 2

This gene encodes a member of the Par-1 family of serine/threonine protein kinases. The protein is an important regulator of cell polarity in epithelial and neuronal cells, and also controls the stability of microtubules through phosphorylation and inactivation of several microtubule-associating proteins. The protein localizes to cell membranes. Multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2009]

MAP/microtubule affinity-regulating kinase 3

The protein encoded by this gene is activated by phosphorylation and in turn is involved in the phosphorylation of tau proteins MAP2 and MAP4. Several transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Oct 2011]

regulating synaptic membrane exocytosis 4

Predicted to enable transmembrane transporter binding activity. Predicted to be a structural constituent of presynaptic active zone. Predicted to be involved in several processes, including regulation of synapse organization; regulation of synaptic vesicle exocytosis; and synaptic vesicle exocytosis. Predicted to be located in synaptic membrane. Predicted to be active in glutamatergic synapse; presynaptic active zone cytoplasmic component; and presynaptic membrane. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

regulating synaptic membrane exocytosis 1

The protein encoded by this gene is a RAS gene superfamily member that regulates synaptic vesicle exocytosis. This gene also plays a role in the regulation of voltage-gated calcium channels during neurotransmitter and insulin release. Mutations have suggested a role cognition and have been identified as the cause of cone-rod dystrophy type 7. Multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been described for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Mar 2012]

regulating synaptic membrane exocytosis 2

The protein encoded by this gene is a presynaptic protein that interacts with RAB3, a protein important for normal neurotransmitter release. The encoded protein can also bind several other synaptic proteins, including UNC-13 homolog B, ELKS/Rab6-interacting/CAST family member 1, and synaptotagmin 1. This protein is involved in synaptic membrane exocytosis. Polymorphisms in this gene have been associated with degenerative lumbar scoliosis. [provided by RefSeq, Feb 2017]

regulating synaptic membrane exocytosis 3

Predicted to enable transmembrane transporter binding activity. Predicted to be a structural constituent of presynaptic active zone. Predicted to be involved in several processes, including regulated exocytosis; regulation of synapse organization; and regulation of synaptic vesicle exocytosis. Predicted to be located in presynaptic active zone. Predicted to be active in several cellular components, including postsynaptic cytosol; presynaptic active zone cytoplasmic component; and presynaptic membrane. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

signaling threshold regulating transmembrane adaptor 1

Enables kinase binding activity. Involved in regulation of T cell activation. Located in plasma membrane. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

MAP/microtubule affinity-regulating kinase 2 pseudogene

transcriptional regulating factor 1

This gene encodes a zinc-finger transcriptional regulating protein which interacts with CBP/p300 to regulate the human gene CYP11A1. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2014]

MAP/microtubule affinity-regulating kinase 1 pseudogene

phosphate regulating endopeptidase homolog, X-linked

The protein encoded by this gene is a transmembrane endopeptidase that belongs to the type II integral membrane zinc-dependent endopeptidase family. The protein is thought to be involved in bone and dentin mineralization and renal phosphate reabsorption. Mutations in this gene cause X-linked hypophosphatemic rickets. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Sep 2013]

MAP/microtubule affinity-regulating kinase 2 pseudogene 12

adhesion regulating molecule 1

This gene encodes a member of the adhesion regulating molecule 1 protein family. The encoded protein is a component of the proteasome where it acts as a ubiquitin receptor and recruits the deubiquitinating enzyme, ubiquitin carboxyl-terminal hydrolase L5. Increased levels of the encoded protein are associated with increased cell adhesion, which is likely an indirect effect of this intracellular protein. Dysregulation of this gene has been implicated in carcinogenesis. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2013]

MAP/microtubule affinity-regulating kinase 2 pseudogene 8

MAP/microtubule affinity-regulating kinase 2 pseudogene 9

MAP/microtubule affinity-regulating kinase 2 pseudogene 4

MAP/microtubule affinity-regulating kinase 2 pseudogene 5

MAP/microtubule affinity-regulating kinase 2 pseudogene 6

MAP/microtubule affinity-regulating kinase 2 pseudogene 7

MAP/microtubule affinity-regulating kinase 2 pseudogene 1

MAP/microtubule affinity-regulating kinase 2 pseudogene 2

MAP/microtubule affinity-regulating kinase 2 pseudogene 3

MAP/microtubule affinity-regulating kinase 2 pseudogene

MAP/microtubule affinity-regulating kinase 4 pseudogene

MAP/microtubule affinity-regulating kinase 2 pseudogene

androgen-dependent TFPI-regulating protein

Enables hydrolase activity. Involved in several processes, including cell migration involved in sprouting angiogenesis; negative regulation of secretion by cell; and positive regulation of macromolecule metabolic process. Located in caveola and cell surface. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

MAP/microtubule affinity-regulating kinase 4 pseudogene

TP53 regulating kinase

Enables p53 binding activity and protein serine/threonine kinase activity. Involved in protein phosphorylation. Located in cytoplasm and nucleus. Part of EKC/KEOPS complex. Implicated in Galloway-Mowat syndrome 4. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

MAP/microtubule affinity-regulating kinase 2 pseudogene 16

MAP/microtubule affinity-regulating kinase 2 pseudogene 17

MAP/microtubule affinity-regulating kinase 2 pseudogene 14

MAP/microtubule affinity-regulating kinase 2 pseudogene 15

MAP/microtubule affinity-regulating kinase 2 pseudogene 13

MAP/microtubule affinity-regulating kinase 2 pseudogene 10

MAP/microtubule affinity-regulating kinase 2 pseudogene 11

secretion regulating guanine nucleotide exchange factor

Predicted to enable guanyl-nucleotide exchange factor activity. Involved in negative regulation of protein secretion. Located in cytosol and nucleoplasm. Biomarker of atherosclerosis. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

MAP/microtubule affinity-regulating kinase 3 pseudogene 1

MAP/microtubule affinity-regulating kinase 3 pseudogene 3

MAP/microtubule affinity-regulating kinase 3 pseudogene 2

MAP/microtubule affinity-regulating kinase 2 pseudogene

MAP/microtubule affinity-regulating kinase 2 pseudogene

myogenesis regulating glycosidase (putative)

Predicted to enable hydrolase activity, hydrolyzing O-glycosyl compounds. Involved in skeletal muscle fiber development. Predicted to be located in endoplasmic reticulum membrane and nuclear membrane. Implicated in basal ganglia calcification. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

MARCKS cis regulating lncRNA promoter of cytokines and inflammation

TERT regulating lncRNA 1