Harmonizome 3.0

TATA box binding protein

Initiation of transcription by RNA polymerase II requires the activities of more than 70 polypeptides. The protein that coordinates these activities is transcription factor IID (TFIID), which binds to the core promoter to position the polymerase properly, serves as the scaffold for assembly of the remainder of the transcription complex, and acts as a channel for regulatory signals. TFIID is composed of the TATA-binding protein (TBP) and a group of evolutionarily conserved proteins known as TBP-associated factors or TAFs. TAFs may participate in basal transcription, serve as coactivators, function in promoter recognition or modify general transcription factors (GTFs) to facilitate complex assembly and transcription initiation. This gene encodes TBP, the TATA-binding protein. A distinctive feature of TBP is a long string of glutamines in the N-terminus. This region of the protein modulates the DNA binding activity of the C terminus, and modulation of DNA binding affects the rate of transcription complex formation and initiation of transcription. The number of CAG repeats encoding the polyglutamine tract is usually 25-42, and expansion of the number of repeats to 45-66 increases the length of the polyglutamine string and is associated with spinocerebellar ataxia 17, a neurodegenerative disorder classified as a polyglutamine disease. Two transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2016]

TAF4b RNA polymerase II, TATA box binding protein (TBP)-associated factor, 105kDa

TATA binding protein (TBP) and TBP-associated factors (TAFs) participate in the formation of the TFIID protein complex, which is involved in initiation of transcription of genes by RNA polymerase II. This gene encodes a cell type-specific TAF that may be responsible for mediating transcription by a subset of activators in B cells. Three transcript variants encoding two different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Jun 2014]

TAF10 RNA polymerase II, TATA box binding protein (TBP)-associated factor, 30kDa pseudogene

TAF4b RNA polymerase II, TATA box binding protein (TBP)-associated factor, 105kDa pseudogene

TAF13 RNA polymerase II, TATA box binding protein (TBP)-associated factor, 18kDa pseudogene 2

TAF13 RNA polymerase II, TATA box binding protein (TBP)-associated factor pseudogene 1

TAF7-like RNA polymerase II, TATA box binding protein (TBP)-associated factor, 50kDa

This gene is similar to a mouse gene that encodes a TATA box binding protein-associated factor, and shows testis-specific expression. The encoded protein could be a spermatogenesis-specific component of the DNA-binding general transcription factor complex TFIID. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Dec 2009]

TAF11 RNA polymerase II, TATA box binding protein (TBP)-associated factor, 28kDa pseudogene

TAF11 RNA polymerase II, TATA box binding protein (TBP)-associated factor, 28kDa pseudogene

Predicted to enable protein heterodimerization activity. Predicted to contribute to RNA polymerase II general transcription initiation factor activity. Predicted to be involved in RNA polymerase II preinitiation complex assembly. Predicted to be located in nucleus. Predicted to be part of transcription factor TFIID complex. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

TAF11 RNA polymerase II, TATA box binding protein (TBP)-associated factor, 28kDa pseudogene

Predicted to enable protein heterodimerization activity. Predicted to contribute to RNA polymerase II general transcription initiation factor activity. Predicted to be involved in RNA polymerase II preinitiation complex assembly. Predicted to be located in nucleus. Predicted to be part of transcription factor TFIID complex. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

TAF11 RNA polymerase II, TATA box binding protein (TBP)-associated factor, 28kDa pseudogene

Predicted to enable protein heterodimerization activity. Predicted to contribute to RNA polymerase II general transcription initiation factor activity. Predicted to be involved in RNA polymerase II preinitiation complex assembly. Predicted to be located in nucleus. Predicted to be part of transcription factor TFIID complex. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

TBP-like 1

This gene encodes a member of the TATA box-binding protein family. TATA box-binding proteins play a critical role in transcription by RNA polymerase II as components of the transcription factor IID (TFIID) complex. The encoded protein does not bind to the TATA box and initiates transcription from TATA-less promoters. This gene plays a critical role in spermatogenesis, and single nucleotide polymorphisms in this gene may be associated with male infertility. Alternatively spliced transcript variants have been observed for this gene, and a pseudogene of this gene is located on the long arm of chromosome 3. [provided by RefSeq, Nov 2011]

TAF7 RNA polymerase II, TATA box binding protein (TBP)-associated factor, 55kDa

The intronless gene for this transcription coactivator is located between the protocadherin beta and gamma gene clusters on chromosome 5. The protein encoded by this gene is a component of the TFIID protein complex, a complex which binds to the TATA box in class II promoters and recruits RNA polymerase II and other factors. This particular subunit interacts with the largest TFIID subunit, as well as multiple transcription activators. The protein is required for transcription by promoters targeted by RNA polymerase II. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

TAF6 RNA polymerase II, TATA box binding protein (TBP)-associated factor, 80kDa

Initiation of transcription by RNA polymerase II requires the activities of more than 70 polypeptides. The protein that coordinates these activities is transcription factor IID (TFIID), which binds to the core promoter to position the polymerase properly, serves as the scaffold for assembly of the remainder of the transcription complex, and acts as a channel for regulatory signals. TFIID is composed of the TATA-binding protein (TBP) and a group of evolutionarily conserved proteins known as TBP-associated factors or TAFs. TAFs may participate in basal transcription, serve as coactivators, function in promoter recognition or modify general transcription factors (GTFs) to facilitate complex assembly and transcription initiation. This gene encodes one of the smaller subunits of TFIID that binds weakly to TBP but strongly to TAF1, the largest subunit of TFIID. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Jun 2010]

TAF5 RNA polymerase II, TATA box binding protein (TBP)-associated factor, 100kDa

Initiation of transcription by RNA polymerase II requires the activities of more than 70 polypeptides. The protein that coordinates these activities is transcription factor IID (TFIID), which binds to the core promoter to position the polymerase properly, serves as the scaffold for assembly of the remainder of the transcription complex, and acts as a channel for regulatory signals. TFIID is composed of the TATA-binding protein (TBP) and a group of evolutionarily conserved proteins known as TBP-associated factors or TAFs. TAFs may participate in basal transcription, serve as coactivators, function in promoter recognition or modify general transcription factors (GTFs) to facilitate complex assembly and transcription initiation. This gene encodes an integral subunit of TFIID associated with all transcriptionally competent forms of that complex. This subunit interacts strongly with two TFIID subunits that show similarity to histones H3 and H4, and it may participate in forming a nucleosome-like core in the TFIID complex. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Dec 2015]

TAF4 RNA polymerase II, TATA box binding protein (TBP)-associated factor, 135kDa

Initiation of transcription by RNA polymerase II requires the activities of more than 70 polypeptides. The protein that coordinates these activities is transcription factor IID (TFIID), which binds to the core promoter to position the polymerase properly, serves as the scaffold for assembly of the remainder of the transcription complex, and acts as a channel for regulatory signals. TFIID is composed of the TATA-binding protein (TBP) and a group of evolutionarily conserved proteins known as TBP-associated factors or TAFs. TAFs may participate in basal transcription, serve as coactivators, function in promoter recognition or modify general transcription factors (GTFs) to facilitate complex assembly and transcription initiation. This gene encodes one of the larger subunits of TFIID that has been shown to potentiate transcriptional activation by retinoic acid, thyroid hormone and vitamin D3 receptors. In addition, this subunit interacts with the transcription factor CREB, which has a glutamine-rich activation domain, and binds to other proteins containing glutamine-rich regions. Aberrant binding to this subunit by proteins with expanded polyglutamine regions has been suggested as one of the pathogenetic mechanisms underlying a group of neurodegenerative disorders referred to as polyglutamine diseases. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

TAF3 RNA polymerase II, TATA box binding protein (TBP)-associated factor, 140kDa

The highly conserved RNA polymerase II transcription factor TFIID (see TAF1; MIM 313650) comprises the TATA box-binding protein (TBP; MIM 600075) and a set of TBP-associated factors (TAFs), including TAF3. TAFs contribute to promoter recognition and selectivity and act as antiapoptotic factors (Gangloff et al., 2001 [PubMed 11438666]).[supplied by OMIM, May 2009]

TAF2 RNA polymerase II, TATA box binding protein (TBP)-associated factor, 150kDa

Initiation of transcription by RNA polymerase II requires the activities of more than 70 polypeptides. The protein that coordinates these activities is transcription factor IID (TFIID), which binds to the core promoter to position the polymerase properly, serves as the scaffold for assembly of the remainder of the transcription complex, and acts as a channel for regulatory signals. TFIID is composed of the TATA-binding protein (TBP) and a group of evolutionarily conserved proteins known as TBP-associated factors or TAFs. TAFs may participate in basal transcription, serve as coactivators, function in promoter recognition or modify general transcription factors (GTFs) to facilitate complex assembly and transcription initiation. This gene encodes one of the larger subunits of TFIID that is stably associated with the TFIID complex. It contributes to interactions at and downstream of the transcription initiation site, interactions that help determine transcription complex response to activators. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

TAF1 RNA polymerase II, TATA box binding protein (TBP)-associated factor, 250kDa

Initiation of transcription by RNA polymerase II requires the activities of more than 70 polypeptides. The protein that coordinates these activities is the basal transcription factor TFIID, which binds to the core promoter to position the polymerase properly, serves as the scaffold for assembly of the remainder of the transcription complex, and acts as a channel for regulatory signals. TFIID is composed of the TATA-binding protein (TBP) and a group of evolutionarily conserved proteins known as TBP-associated factors or TAFs. TAFs may participate in basal transcription, serve as coactivators, function in promoter recognition or modify general transcription factors (GTFs) to facilitate complex assembly and transcription initiation. This gene encodes the largest subunit of TFIID. This subunit binds to core promoter sequences encompassing the transcription start site. It also binds to activators and other transcriptional regulators, and these interactions affect the rate of transcription initiation. This subunit contains two independent protein kinase domains at the N- and C-terminals, but also possesses acetyltransferase activity and can act as a ubiquitin-activating/conjugating enzyme. Mutations in this gene result in Dystonia 3, torsion, X-linked, a dystonia-parkinsonism disorder. Alternative splicing of this gene results in multiple transcript variants. This gene is part of a complex transcription unit (TAF1/DYT3), wherein some transcript variants share exons with TAF1 as well as additional downstream DYT3 exons. [provided by RefSeq, Oct 2013]

TAF9 RNA polymerase II, TATA box binding protein (TBP)-associated factor, 32kDa

Initiation of transcription by RNA polymerase II requires the activities of more than 70 polypeptides. The protein that coordinates these activities is transcription factor IID (TFIID), which binds to the core promoter to position the polymerase properly, serves as the scaffold for assembly of the remainder of the transcription complex, and acts as a channel for regulatory signals. TFIID is composed of the TATA-binding protein (TBP) and a group of evolutionarily conserved proteins known as TBP-associated factors or TAFs. TAFs may participate in basal transcription, serve as coactivators, function in promoter recognition or modify general transcription factors (GTFs) to facilitate complex assembly and transcription initiation. This gene encodes one of the smaller subunits of TFIID that binds to the basal transcription factor GTF2B as well as to several transcriptional activators such as p53 and VP16. In human, TAF9 and AK6 (GeneID: 102157402) are two distinct genes that share 5' exons. A similar but distinct gene (TAF9L) has been found on the X chromosome and a pseudogene has been identified on chromosome 19. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Sep 2013]

TAF9 RNA polymerase II, TATA box binding protein (TBP)-associated factor, 32kDa pseudogene

TAF9 RNA polymerase II, TATA box binding protein (TBP)-associated factor, 32kDa pseudogene 1

TAF9 RNA polymerase II, TATA box binding protein (TBP)-associated factor, 32kDa pseudogene 2

TAF9 RNA polymerase II, TATA box binding protein (TBP)-associated factor, 32kDa pseudogene 3

down-regulator of transcription 1, TBP-binding (negative cofactor 2)

This gene encodes a TBP- (TATA box-binding protein) associated phosphoprotein that represses both basal and activated levels of transcription. The encoded protein is phosphorylated in vivo and this phosphorylation affects its interaction with TBP. This protein contains a histone fold motif at the amino terminus, a TBP-binding domain, and a glutamine- and alanine-rich region. The binding of DR1 repressor complexes to TBP-promoter complexes may establish a mechanism in which an altered DNA conformation, together with the formation of higher order complexes, inhibits the assembly of the preinitiation complex and controls the rate of RNA polymerase II transcription. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

TATA box binding protein (TBP)-associated factor, RNA polymerase I, B, 63kDa

Initiation of transcription by RNA polymerase I requires the formation of a complex composed of the TATA-binding protein (TBP) and three TBP-associated factors (TAFs) specific for RNA polymerase I. This complex, known as SL1, binds to the core promoter of ribosomal RNA genes to position the polymerase properly and acts as a channel for regulatory signals. This gene encodes one of the SL1-specific TAFs. Multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Jan 2016]

TATA box binding protein (TBP)-associated factor, RNA polymerase I, D, 41kDa

TAF1D is a member of the SL1 complex, which includes TBP (MIM 600075) and TAF1A (MIM 604903), TAF1B (MIM 604904), and TAF1C (MIM 604905), and plays a role in RNA polymerase I transcription (Wang et al., 2004 [PubMed 15520167]; Gorski et al., 2007 [PubMed 17318177]).[supplied by OMIM, Jun 2009]

TBP-like 1 pseudogene

TAF9B RNA polymerase II, TATA box binding protein (TBP)-associated factor, 31kDa pseudogene 2

TAF9B RNA polymerase II, TATA box binding protein (TBP)-associated factor, 31kDa pseudogene 1

TAF9 RNA polymerase II, TATA box binding protein (TBP)-associated factor, 32kDa pseudogene

TAF11 RNA polymerase II, TATA box binding protein (TBP)-associated factor, 28kDa pseudogene

Predicted to enable protein heterodimerization activity. Predicted to contribute to RNA polymerase II general transcription initiation factor activity. Predicted to be involved in RNA polymerase II preinitiation complex assembly. Predicted to be located in nucleus. Predicted to be part of transcription factor TFIID complex. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

TAF11 RNA polymerase II, TATA box binding protein (TBP)-associated factor, 28kDa pseudogene

Predicted to enable protein heterodimerization activity. Predicted to contribute to RNA polymerase II general transcription initiation factor activity. Predicted to be involved in RNA polymerase II preinitiation complex assembly. Predicted to be located in nucleus. Predicted to be part of transcription factor TFIID complex. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

TAF8 RNA polymerase II, TATA box binding protein (TBP)-associated factor, 43kDa

This gene encodes one of several TATA-binding protein (TBP)-associated factors (TAFs), which are integral subunits of the general transcription factor complex TFIID. TFIID recognizes the core promoter of many genes and nucleates the assembly of a transcription preinitiation complex containing RNA polymerase II and other initiation factors. The protein encoded by this gene contains an H4-like histone fold domain, and interacts with several subunits of TFIID including TBP and the histone-fold protein TAF10. Alternatively spliced transcript variants have been described, but their biological validity has not been determined. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

TAF9 RNA polymerase II, TATA box binding protein (TBP)-associated factor, 32kDa pseudogene

TAF13 RNA polymerase II, TATA box binding protein (TBP)-associated factor, 18kDa

Initiation of transcription by RNA polymerase II requires the activities of more than 70 polypeptides. The protein that coordinates these activities is transcription factor IID (TFIID), which binds to the core promoter to position the polymerase properly, serves as the scaffold for assembly of the remainder of the transcription complex, and acts as a channel for regulatory signals. TFIID is composed of the TATA-binding protein (TBP) and a group of evolutionarily conserved proteins known as TBP-associated factors or TAFs. TAFs may participate in basal transcription, serve as coactivators, function in promoter recognition or modify general transcription factors (GTFs) to facilitate complex assembly and transcription initiation. This gene encodes a small subunit associated with a subset of TFIID complexes. This subunit interacts with TBP and with two other small subunits of TFIID, TAF10 and TAF11. There is a pseudogene located on chromosome 6. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

TAF12 RNA polymerase II, TATA box binding protein (TBP)-associated factor, 20kDa

Control of transcription by RNA polymerase II involves the basal transcription machinery which is a collection of proteins. These proteins with RNA polymerase II, assemble into complexes which are modulated by transactivator proteins that bind to cis-regulatory elements located adjacent to the transcription start site. Some modulators interact directly with the basal complex, whereas others may act as bridging proteins linking transactivators to the basal transcription factors. Some of these associated factors are weakly attached while others are tightly associated with TBP in the TFIID complex. Among the latter are the TAF proteins. Different TAFs are predicted to mediate the function of distinct transcriptional activators for a variety of gene promoters and RNA polymerases. TAF12 interacts directly with TBP as well as with TAF2I. Two transcript variants encoding the same protein have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Sep 2008]

TAF11 RNA polymerase II, TATA box binding protein (TBP)-associated factor, 28kDa

Initiation of transcription by RNA polymerase II requires the activities of more than 70 polypeptides. The protein that coordinates these activities is transcription factor IID (TFIID), which binds to the core promoter to position the polymerase properly, serves as the scaffold for assembly of the remainder of the transcription complex, and acts as a channel for regulatory signals. TFIID is composed of the TATA-binding protein (TBP) and a group of evolutionarily conserved proteins known as TBP-associated factors or TAFs. TAFs may participate in basal transcription, serve as coactivators, function in promoter recognition or modify general transcription factors (GTFs) to facilitate complex assembly and transcription initiation. This gene encodes a small subunit of TFIID that is present in all TFIID complexes and interacts with TBP. This subunit also interacts with another small subunit, TAF13, to form a heterodimer with a structure similar to the histone core structure. Two transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2012]

TAF10 RNA polymerase II, TATA box binding protein (TBP)-associated factor, 30kDa

Initiation of transcription by RNA polymerase II requires the activities of more than 70 polypeptides. The protein that coordinates these activities is transcription factor IID (TFIID), which binds to the core promoter to position the polymerase properly, serves as the scaffold for assembly of the remainder of the transcription complex, and acts as a channel for regulatory signals. TFIID is composed of the TATA-binding protein (TBP) and a group of evolutionarily conserved proteins known as TBP-associated factors or TAFs. TAFs may participate in basal transcription, serve as coactivators, function in promoter recognition or modify general transcription factors (GTFs) to facilitate complex assembly and transcription initiation. This gene encodes one of the small subunits of TFIID that is associated with a subset of TFIID complexes. Studies with human and mammalian cells have shown that this subunit is required for transcriptional activation by the estrogen receptor, for progression through the cell cycle, and may also be required for certain cellular differentiation programs. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

TAF15 RNA polymerase II, TATA box binding protein (TBP)-associated factor, 68kDa

This gene encodes a member of the TET family of RNA-binding proteins. The encoded protein plays a role in RNA polymerase II gene transcription as a component of a distinct subset of multi-subunit transcription initiation factor TFIID complexes. Translocations involving this gene play a role in acute leukemia and extraskeletal myxoid chondrosarcoma, and mutations in this gene may play a role in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding multiple isoforms have been observed for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, May 2012]

TATA box binding protein (TBP)-associated factor, RNA polymerase I, C, 110kDa

Initiation of transcription by RNA polymerase I requires the formation of a complex composed of the TATA-binding protein (TBP) and three TBP-associated factors (TAFs) specific for RNA polymerase I. This complex, known as SL1, binds to the core promoter of ribosomal RNA genes to position the polymerase properly and acts as a channel for regulatory signals. This gene encodes the largest SL1-specific TAF. Multiple alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been identified. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2011]

TATA box binding protein (TBP)-associated factor, RNA polymerase I, A, 48kDa

This gene encodes a subunit of the RNA polymerase I complex, Selectivity Factor I (SLI). The encoded protein is a TATA box-binding protein-associated factor that plays a role in the assembly of the RNA polymerase I preinitiation complex. Alternate splicing results in multiple transcript variants encoding multiple isoforms.[provided by RefSeq, Jan 2011]

TAF1 RNA polymerase II, TATA box binding protein (TBP)-associated factor, 210kDa-like

This locus is intronless, and apparently arose in the primate lineage from retrotransposition of the transcript from the multi-exon TAF1 locus on the X chromosome. The gene is expressed in male germ cells, and the product has been shown to function interchangeably with the TAF1 product. [provided by RefSeq, Aug 2015]

TAF11 RNA polymerase II, TATA box binding protein (TBP)-associated factor, 28kDa pseudogene

TAF9B RNA polymerase II, TATA box binding protein (TBP)-associated factor, 31kDa

Initiation of transcription by RNA polymerase II requires the activities of more than 70 polypeptides. The protein that coordinates these activities is transcription factor IID (TFIID), which binds to the core promoter to position the polymerase properly, serves as the scaffold for assembly of the remainder of the transcription complex, and acts as a channel for regulatory signals. TFIID is composed of the TATA-binding protein (TBP) and a group of evolutionarily conserved proteins known as TBP-associated factors or TAFs. TAFs may participate in basal transcription, serve as coactivators, function in promoter recognition or modify general transcription factors (GTFs) to facilitate complex assembly and transcription initiation. This gene encodes a protein that is similar to one of the small subunits of TFIID, TBP-associated factor 9, and is also a subunit of TFIID. TAF9 and TAF9b share some functions but also have distinct roles in the transcriptional regulatory process. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

From InterPro Predicted Protein Domain Annotations

proteins predicted to have the TAFII-230 TBP-binding protein domain from the InterPro Predicted Protein Domain Annotations dataset.

From ChEA Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles

genes with transcription factor binding evidence in the TBP-23326641-C3H10T1-2-MOUSE transcription factor binding site profile from the CHEA Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles dataset.

From ChEA Transcription Factor Targets

target genes of the TBP transcription factor in low- or high-throughput transcription factor functional studies from the CHEA Transcription Factor Targets dataset.

From CORUM Protein Complexes

proteins in the TBP-TAF complex protein complex from the CORUM Protein Complexes dataset.

From CORUM Protein Complexes

proteins in the PU.1-TBP complex protein complex from the CORUM Protein Complexes dataset.

From CORUM Protein Complexes

proteins in the Transcription initiation factor complex (TAF1, TAF5, TAF11, TAF12, TBP) protein complex from the CORUM Protein Complexes dataset.

From CORUM Protein Complexes

proteins in the Transcription initiation factor complex (TAF5, TAF6, TAF9, TAF11, TBP) protein complex from the CORUM Protein Complexes dataset.

From ENCODE Transcription Factor Targets

target genes of the TBP transcription factor in ChIP-seq datasets from the ENCODE Transcription Factor Targets dataset.

From GeneRIF Biological Term Annotations

genes co-occuring with the biological term tbp in literature-supported statements describing functions of genes from the GeneRIF Biological Term Annotations dataset.

From Hub Proteins Protein-Protein Interactions

interacting proteins for hub protein TBP from the curated Hub Proteins Protein-Protein Interactions dataset.

From InterPro Predicted Protein Domain Annotations

proteins predicted to have the Beta2-adaptin/TBP, C-terminal domain protein domain from the InterPro Predicted Protein Domain Annotations dataset.

From KEA Substrates of Kinases

substrates of the kinase TBP from the curated KEA Substrates of Kinases dataset.

From Pathway Commons Protein-Protein Interactions

interacting proteins for TBP from the Pathway Commons Protein-Protein Interactions dataset.

From ChEA Transcription Factor Targets 2022

target genes of the TBP-23326641-C3H10T1-2-MOUSE transcription factor in low- or high-throughput transcription factor functional studies from the CHEA Transcription Factor Targets 2022 dataset.

From CM4AI KOLF21J CRISPRi Gene Perturbation Atlas

genes differentially expressed following the TBP gene perturbation from the CM4AI KOLF21J CRISPRi Gene Perturbation Atlas.