Harmonizome 3.0

solute carrier family 35 (UDP-GlcNAc/UDP-glucose transporter), member D2

Nucleotide sugars, which are synthesized in the cytosol or the nucleus, are high-energy donor substrates for glycosyltransferases located in the lumen of the endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi apparatus. Translocation of nucleotide sugars from the cytosol into the lumen compartment is mediated by specific nucleotide sugar transporters, such as SLC35D2 (Suda et al., 2004 [PubMed 15082721]).[supplied by OMIM, Mar 2008]

solute carrier family 35 (UDP-GlcA/UDP-GalNAc transporter), member D1

Glycosylation of cellular glycoconjugates occurs in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and Golgi compartment, and requires transport of nucleotide sugars from the cytosol into the lumen of the ER and Golgi by specific transporters. The protein encoded by this gene resides in the ER, and transports both UDP-glucuronic acid (UDP-GlcA) and UDP-N-acetylgalactosamine (UDP-GalNAc) from the cytoplasm to the ER lumen. It may participate in glucuronidation and/or chondroitin sulfate biosynthesis. Mutations in this gene are associated with Schneckenbecken dysplasia.[provided by RefSeq, Sep 2009]

UDP glucuronosyltransferase 2 family, polypeptide B7 pseudogene

UDP glucuronosyltransferase 2 family, polypeptide A3 pseudogene

UDP glucuronosyltransferase 2 family, polypeptide B4 pseudogene

UDP glucuronosyltransferase 2 family, polypeptide B17 pseudogene

UDP glucuronosyltransferase 2 family, polypeptide A3 pseudogene

UDP-GlcNAc:betaGal beta-1,3-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase-like protein 1

UDP glucuronosyltransferase 2 family, polypeptide B26 pseudogene

UDP glucuronosyltransferase 2 family, polypeptide A3 pseudogene

UDP glucuronosyltransferase 2 family, polypeptide B7 pseudogene

UDP-glucose 6-dehydrogenase

The protein encoded by this gene converts UDP-glucose to UDP-glucuronate and thereby participates in the biosynthesis of glycosaminoglycans such as hyaluronan, chondroitin sulfate, and heparan sulfate. These glycosylated compounds are common components of the extracellular matrix and likely play roles in signal transduction, cell migration, and cancer growth and metastasis. The expression of this gene is up-regulated by transforming growth factor beta and down-regulated by hypoxia. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants.[provided by RefSeq, May 2010]

UDP glucuronosyltransferase 2 family, polypeptide B7 pseudogene

UDP glycosyltransferase 8

The protein encoded by this gene belongs to the UDP-glycosyltransferase family. It catalyzes the transfer of galactose to ceramide, a key enzymatic step in the biosynthesis of galactocerebrosides, which are abundant sphingolipids of the myelin membrane of the central and peripheral nervous systems. Alternatively spliced transcript variants have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Sep 2011]

UDP glucuronosyltransferase 2 family, polypeptide B17

This gene encodes a member of the uridine diphosphoglucuronosyltransferase protein family. The encoded enzyme catalyzes the transfer of glucuronic acid from uridine diphosphoglucuronic acid to a diverse array of substrates including steroid hormones and lipid-soluble drugs. This process, known as glucuronidation, is an intermediate step in the metabolism of steroids. Copy number variation in this gene is associated with susceptibility to osteoporosis.[provided by RefSeq, Apr 2010]

UDP glucuronosyltransferase 2 family, polypeptide B10

Predicted to enable UDP-glycosyltransferase activity. Predicted to be involved in cellular glucuronidation and estrogen metabolic process. Predicted to be located in endoplasmic reticulum membrane. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

UDP glucuronosyltransferase 2 family, polypeptide B11

Enables glucuronosyltransferase activity. Involved in estrogen metabolic process and xenobiotic glucuronidation. Predicted to be located in endoplasmic reticulum membrane. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

UDP glucuronosyltransferase 2 family, polypeptide B17 pseudogene

UDP glucuronosyltransferase 2 family, polypeptide B15

This gene encodes a glycosyltransferase that is invovled in the metabolism and elimination of toxic compounts, both endogenous and of xenobiotic origin. This gene plays a role in the regulation of estrogens and androgens. This locus is present in a cluster of similar genes and pseudogenes on chromosome 4. [provided by RefSeq, Aug 2016]

UDP glycosyltransferase 3 family, polypeptide A2

Enables UDP-glycosyltransferase activity. Acts upstream of or within cellular response to genistein. Predicted to be located in membrane. Predicted to be part of UDP-N-acetylglucosamine transferase complex. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

UDP glycosyltransferase 3 family, polypeptide A1

Enables glucuronosyltransferase activity. Part of UDP-N-acetylglucosamine transferase complex. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

UDP-Gal:betaGlcNAc beta 1,4- galactosyltransferase, polypeptide 1

This gene is one of seven beta-1,4-galactosyltransferase (beta4GalT) genes. They encode type II membrane-bound glycoproteins that appear to have exclusive specificity for the donor substrate UDP-galactose; all transfer galactose in a beta1,4 linkage to similar acceptor sugars: GlcNAc, Glc, and Xyl. Each beta4GalT has a distinct function in the biosynthesis of different glycoconjugates and saccharide structures. As type II membrane proteins, they have an N-terminal hydrophobic signal sequence that directs the protein to the Golgi apparatus and which then remains uncleaved to function as a transmembrane anchor. By sequence similarity, the beta4GalTs form four groups: beta4GalT1 and beta4GalT2, beta4GalT3 and beta4GalT4, beta4GalT5 and beta4GalT6, and beta4GalT7. This gene is unique among the beta4GalT genes because it encodes an enzyme that participates both in glycoconjugate and lactose biosynthesis. For the first activity, the enzyme adds galactose to N-acetylglucosamine residues that are either monosaccharides or the nonreducing ends of glycoprotein carbohydrate chains. The second activity is restricted to lactating mammary tissues where the enzyme forms a heterodimer with alpha-lactalbumin to catalyze UDP-galactose + D-glucose <=> UDP + lactose. The two enzymatic forms result from alternate transcription initiation sites and post-translational processing. Two transcripts, which differ only at the 5' end, with approximate lengths of 4.1 kb and 3.9 kb encode the same protein. The longer transcript encodes the type II membrane-bound, trans-Golgi resident protein involved in glycoconjugate biosynthesis. The shorter transcript encodes a protein which is cleaved to form the soluble lactose synthase. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

UDP-Gal:betaGlcNAc beta 1,4- galactosyltransferase, polypeptide 3

This gene is one of seven beta-1,4-galactosyltransferase (beta4GalT) genes. They encode type II membrane-bound glycoproteins that appear to have exclusive specificity for the donor substrate UDP-galactose; all transfer galactose in a beta1,4 linkage to similar acceptor sugars: GlcNAc, Glc, and Xyl. Each beta4GalT has a distinct function in the biosynthesis of different glycoconjugates and saccharide structures. As type II membrane proteins, they have an N-terminal hydrophobic signal sequence that directs the protein to the Golgi apparatus and which then remains uncleaved to function as a transmembrane anchor. By sequence similarity, the beta4GalTs form four groups: beta4GalT1 and beta4GalT2, beta4GalT3 and beta4GalT4, beta4GalT5 and beta4GalT6, and beta4GalT7. This gene encodes an enzyme that may be mainly involved in the synthesis of the first N-acetyllactosamine unit of poly-N-acetyllactosamine chains. Multiple alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding the same protein have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Dec 2010]

UDP-Gal:betaGlcNAc beta 1,4- galactosyltransferase, polypeptide 2

This gene is one of seven beta-1,4-galactosyltransferase (beta4GalT) genes. They encode type II membrane-bound glycoproteins that appear to have exclusive specificity for the donor substrate UDP-galactose; all transfer galactose in a beta1,4 linkage to similar acceptor sugars: GlcNAc, Glc, and Xyl. Each beta4GalT has a distinct function in the biosynthesis of different glycoconjugates and saccharide structures. As type II membrane proteins, they have an N-terminal hydrophobic signal sequence that directs the protein to the Golgi apparatus and which then remains uncleaved to function as a transmembrane anchor. By sequence similarity, the beta4GalTs form four groups: beta4GalT1 and beta4GalT2, beta4GalT3 and beta4GalT4, beta4GalT5 and beta4GalT6, and beta4GalT7. The enzyme encoded by this gene synthesizes N-acetyllactosamine in glycolipids and glycoproteins. Its substrate specificity is affected by alpha-lactalbumin but it is not expressed in lactating mammary tissue. Three transcript variants encoding two different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2011]

UDP-Gal:betaGlcNAc beta 1,4- galactosyltransferase, polypeptide 5

This gene is one of seven beta-1,4-galactosyltransferase (beta4GalT) genes. They encode type II membrane-bound glycoproteins that appear to have exclusive specificity for the donor substrate UDP-galactose; all transfer galactose in a beta1,4 linkage to similar acceptor sugars: GlcNAc, Glc, and Xyl. Each beta4GalT has a distinct function in the biosynthesis of different glycoconjugates and saccharide structures. As type II membrane proteins, they have an N-terminal hydrophobic signal sequence that directs the protein to the Golgi apparatus and which then remains uncleaved to function as a transmembrane anchor. By sequence similarity, the beta4GalTs form four groups: beta4GalT1 and beta4GalT2, beta4GalT3 and beta4GalT4, beta4GalT5 and beta4GalT6, and beta4GalT7. The function of the enzyme encoded by this gene is not clear. This gene was previously designated as B4GALT4 but was renamed to B4GALT5. In the literature it is also referred to as beta4GalT2. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

UDP-Gal:betaGlcNAc beta 1,4- galactosyltransferase, polypeptide 4

This gene is one of seven beta-1,4-galactosyltransferase (beta4GalT) genes. They encode type II membrane-bound glycoproteins that appear to have exclusive specificity for the donor substrate UDP-galactose; all transfer galactose in a beta1,4 linkage to similar acceptor sugars: GlcNAc, Glc, and Xyl. Each beta4GalT has a distinct function in the biosynthesis of different glycoconjugates and saccharide structures. As type II membrane proteins, they have an N-terminal hydrophobic signal sequence that directs the protein to the Golgi apparatus and which then remains uncleaved to function as a transmembrane anchor. By sequence similarity, the beta4GalTs form four groups: beta4GalT1 and beta4GalT2, beta4GalT3 and beta4GalT4, beta4GalT5 and beta4GalT6, and beta4GalT7. The enzyme encoded by this gene appears to mainly play a role in glycolipid biosynthesis. Two alternatively spliced transcript variants have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

UDP glucuronosyltransferase 2 family, polypeptide A3 pseudogene

UDP glucuronosyltransferase 2 family, polypeptide B11 pseudogene

UDP glucuronosyltransferase 2 family, polypeptide B24 pseudogene

UDP glucuronosyltransferase 2 family, polypeptide A3 pseudogene

ALG13, UDP-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase subunit

The protein encoded by this gene is a subunit of a bipartite UDP-N-acetylglucosamine transferase. It heterodimerizes with asparagine-linked glycosylation 14 homolog to form a functional UDP-GlcNAc glycosyltransferase that catalyzes the second sugar addition of the highly conserved oligosaccharide precursor in endoplasmic reticulum N-linked glycosylation. Multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Dec 2009]

ALG14, UDP-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase subunit

This gene is a member of the glycosyltransferase 1 family. The encoded protein and ALG13 are thought to be subunits of UDP-GlcNAc transferase, which catalyzes the first two committed steps in endoplasmic reticulum N-linked glycosylation. Mutations in this gene have been linked to congenital myasthenic syndrome (CMSWTA). Alternatively spliced transcript variants have been identified. [provided by RefSeq, Mar 2015]

UDP glucuronosyltransferase 1 family, polypeptide A12 pseudogene

UDP-glucose glycoprotein glucosyltransferase 2

UDP-glucose:glycoprotein glucosyltransferase (UGT) is a soluble protein of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) that selectively reglucosylates unfolded glycoproteins, thus providing quality control for protein transport out of the ER.[supplied by OMIM, Oct 2009]

UDP-glucose glycoprotein glucosyltransferase 1

UDP-glucose:glycoprotein glucosyltransferase (UGT) is a soluble protein of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) that selectively reglucosylates unfolded glycoproteins, thus providing quality control for protein transport out of the ER.[supplied by OMIM, Oct 2009]

UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 2B10-like

UDP-glucose ceramide glucosyltransferase

This gene encodes an enzyme that catalyzes the first glycosylation step in the biosynthesis of glycosphingolipids, which are membrane components containing lipid and sugar moieties. The product of this reaction is glucosylceramide, which is the core structure of many glycosphingolipids. [provided by RefSeq, Dec 2014]

UDP-GlcNAc:betaGal beta-1,3-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase 4

This gene encodes a member of the beta-1,3-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase protein family. The encoded enzyme is involved in the biosynthesis of poly-N-acetyllactosamine chains and prefers lacto-N-neotetraose as a substrate. It is a type II transmembrane protein. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

UDP-GlcNAc:betaGal beta-1,3-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase 5

This gene encodes a member of the beta-1,3-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase family. This enzyme is a type II membrane protein. It exhibits strong activity to transfer GlcNAc to glycolipid substrates and is identified as the most likely candidate for lactotriaosylceramide synthase. This enzyme is essential for the expression of Lewis X epitopes on glycolipids. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

UDP-GlcNAc:betaGal beta-1,3-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase 6

The protein encoded by this gene is a beta-1,3-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase that adds an N-acetylglucosamine moiety to N-acetylgalactosamine-modified serine or threonine. The encoded enzyme is responsible for creating the core 3 structure of O-glycans, which are important components of mucin-type glycoproteins. [provided by RefSeq, Dec 2016]

UDP-GlcNAc:betaGal beta-1,3-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase 7

Enables acetylglucosaminyltransferase activity. Involved in keratan sulfate biosynthetic process. Predicted to be located in Golgi apparatus and membrane. Predicted to be active in Golgi membrane. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

UDP-GlcNAc:betaGal beta-1,3-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase 2

This gene encodes a member of the beta-1,3-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase family. This enzyme is a type II transmembrane protein. It prefers the substrate of lacto-N-neotetraose, and is involved in the biosynthesis of poly-N-acetyllactosamine chains. Two transcript variants encoding the same protein have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Jan 2016]

UDP-GlcNAc:betaGal beta-1,3-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase 3

This gene encodes a member of the beta-1,3-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase family. This enzyme is a type II transmembrane protein and contains a signal anchor that is not cleaved. It prefers the substrates of lacto-N-tetraose and lacto-N-neotetraose, and is involved in the biosynthesis of poly-N-acetyllactosamine chains and the biosynthesis of the backbone structure of dimeric sialyl Lewis a. It plays dominant roles in L-selectin ligand biosynthesis, lymphocyte homing and lymphocyte trafficking. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

UDP-GlcNAc:betaGal beta-1,3-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase 8

Enables protein N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase activity. Involved in poly-N-acetyllactosamine biosynthetic process. Located in extracellular exosome. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

UDP-GlcNAc:betaGal beta-1,3-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase 9

Predicted to enable UDP-glycosyltransferase activity. Predicted to be involved in poly-N-acetyllactosamine biosynthetic process and protein O-linked glycosylation. Predicted to be located in Golgi apparatus and membrane. Predicted to be active in Golgi membrane. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

UDP glucuronosyltransferase 2 family, polypeptide B29 pseudogene

UDP glucuronosyltransferase 1 family, polypeptide A11 pseudogene

UDP-Gal:betaGlcNAc beta 1,3-galactosyltransferase, polypeptide 4

This gene is a member of the beta-1,3-galactosyltransferase (beta3GalT) gene family. This family encodes type II membrane-bound glycoproteins with diverse enzymatic functions using different donor substrates (UDP-galactose and UDP-N-acetylglucosamine) and different acceptor sugars (N-acetylglucosamine, galactose, N-acetylgalactosamine). The beta3GalT genes are distantly related to the Drosophila Brainiac gene and have the protein coding sequence contained in a single exon. The beta3GalT proteins also contain conserved sequences not found in the beta4GalT or alpha3GalT proteins. The carbohydrate chains synthesized by these enzymes are designated as type 1, whereas beta4GalT enzymes synthesize type 2 carbohydrate chains. The ratio of type 1:type 2 chains changes during embryogenesis. By sequence similarity, the beta3GalT genes fall into at least two groups: beta3GalT4 and 4 other beta3GalT genes (beta3GalT1-3, beta3GalT5). This gene is oriented telomere to centromere in close proximity to the ribosomal protein S18 gene. The functionality of the encoded protein is limited to ganglioseries glycolipid biosynthesis. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

UDP-Gal:betaGlcNAc beta 1,3-galactosyltransferase, polypeptide 5

This gene encodes a member of a family of membrane-bound glycoproteins. The encoded protein may synthesize type 1 Lewis antigens, which are elevated in gastrointestinal and pancreatic cancers. Alternatively spliced transcript variants using multiple alternate promoters have been observed for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Sep 2017]

UDP-Gal:betaGal beta 1,3-galactosyltransferase polypeptide 6

The enzyme encoded by this intronless gene is a beta-1,3-galactosyltransferase found in the medial Golgi apparatus, where it catalyzes the transfer of galactose from UDP-galactose to substrates containing a terminal beta-linked galactose moiety. The encoded enzyme has a particular affinity for galactose-beta-1,4-xylose found in the linker region of glycosamines. This enzyme is required for glycosaminoglycan synthesis. [provided by RefSeq, Jun 2013]

UDP-Gal:betaGlcNAc beta 1,3-galactosyltransferase, polypeptide 1

This gene is a member of the beta-1,3-galactosyltransferase (beta3GalT) gene family. This family encodes type II membrane-bound glycoproteins with diverse enzymatic functions using different donor substrates (UDP-galactose and UDP-N-acetylglucosamine) and different acceptor sugars (N-acetylglucosamine, galactose, N-acetylgalactosamine). The beta3GalT genes are distantly related to the Drosophila Brainiac gene and have the protein coding sequence contained in a single exon. The beta3GalT proteins also contain conserved sequences not found in the beta4GalT or alpha3GalT proteins. The carbohydrate chains synthesized by these enzymes are designated as type 1, whereas beta4GalT enzymes synthesize type 2 carbohydrate chains. The ratio of type 1:type 2 chains changes during embryogenesis. By sequence similarity, the beta3GalT genes fall into at least two groups: beta3GalT4 and 4 other beta3GalT genes (beta3GalT1-3, beta3GalT5). This gene is expressed exclusively in the brain. The encoded protein shows strict donor substrate specificity for UDP-galactose. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

UDP-Gal:betaGlcNAc beta 1,3-galactosyltransferase, polypeptide 2

This gene is a member of the beta-1,3-galactosyltransferase (beta3GalT) gene family. This family encodes type II membrane-bound glycoproteins with diverse enzymatic functions using different donor substrates (UDP-galactose and UDP-N-acetylglucosamine) and different acceptor sugars (N-acetylglucosamine, galactose, N-acetylgalactosamine). The beta3GalT genes are distantly related to the Drosophila Brainiac gene and have the protein coding sequence contained in a single exon. The beta3GalT proteins also contain conserved sequences not found in the beta4GalT or alpha3GalT proteins. The carbohydrate chains synthesized by these enzymes are designated as type 1, whereas beta4GalT enzymes synthesize type 2 carbohydrate chains. The ratio of type 1:type 2 chains changes during embryogenesis. By sequence similarity, the beta3GalT genes fall into at least two groups: beta3GalT4 and 4 other beta3GalT genes (beta3GalT1-3, beta3GalT5). This gene encodes a protein that functions in N-linked glycoprotein glycosylation and shows strict donor substrate specificity for UDP-galactose. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

UDP glucuronosyltransferase 1 family, polypeptide A2 pseudogene

UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 2A1-like

UDP glucuronosyltransferase 1 family, polypeptide A complex locus

This RefSeq represents a complex locus that encodes several UDP-glucuronosyltransferases. The locus includes thirteen unique alternate first exons followed by four common exons. Four of the alternate first exons are considered pseudogenes. Each of the remaining nine 5' exons may be spliced to the four common exons, resulting in nine proteins with different N-termini and identical C-termini. Each first exon encodes the substrate binding site, and is regulated by its own promoter. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

UDP glucuronosyltransferase 2 family, polypeptide A1, complex locus pseudogene

UDP glucuronosyltransferase 2 family, polypeptide B15 pseudogene

UDP glucuronosyltransferase 2 family, polypeptide B15 pseudogene

UDP-glucose pyrophosphorylase 2

The enzyme encoded by this gene is an important intermediary in mammalian carbohydrate interconversions. It transfers a glucose moiety from glucose-1-phosphate to MgUTP and forms UDP-glucose and MgPPi. In liver and muscle tissue, UDP-glucose is a direct precursor of glycogen; in lactating mammary gland it is converted to UDP-galactose which is then converted to lactose. The eukaryotic enzyme has no significant sequence similarity to the prokaryotic enzyme. Two transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

UDP glucuronosyltransferase 1 family, polypeptide A8

This gene encodes a UDP-glucuronosyltransferase, an enzyme of the glucuronidation pathway that transforms small lipophilic molecules, such as steroids, bilirubin, hormones, and drugs, into water-soluble, excretable metabolites. This gene is part of a complex locus that encodes several UDP-glucuronosyltransferases. The locus includes thirteen unique alternate first exons followed by four common exons. Four of the alternate first exons are considered pseudogenes. Each of the remaining nine 5' exons may be spliced to the four common exons, resulting in nine proteins with different N-termini and identical C-termini. Each first exon encodes the substrate binding site, and is regulated by its own promoter. The enzyme encoded by this gene has glucuronidase activity with many substrates including coumarins, phenols, anthraquinones, flavones, and some opioids. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

UDP glucuronosyltransferase 1 family, polypeptide A9

This gene encodes a UDP-glucuronosyltransferase, an enzyme of the glucuronidation pathway that transforms small lipophilic molecules, such as steroids, bilirubin, hormones, and drugs, into water-soluble, excretable metabolites. This gene is part of a complex locus that encodes several UDP-glucuronosyltransferases. The locus includes thirteen unique alternate first exons followed by four common exons. Four of the alternate first exons are considered pseudogenes. Each of the remaining nine 5' exons may be spliced to the four common exons, resulting in nine proteins with different N-termini and identical C-termini. Each first exon encodes the substrate binding site, and is regulated by its own promoter. The enzyme encoded by this gene is active on phenols. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

UDP glucuronosyltransferase 1 family, polypeptide A4

This gene encodes a UDP-glucuronosyltransferase, an enzyme of the glucuronidation pathway that transforms small lipophilic molecules, such as steroids, bilirubin, hormones, and drugs, into water-soluble, excretable metabolites. This gene is part of a complex locus that encodes several UDP-glucuronosyltransferases. The locus includes thirteen unique alternate first exons followed by four common exons. Four of the alternate first exons are considered pseudogenes. Each of the remaining nine 5' exons may be spliced to the four common exons, resulting in nine proteins with different N-termini and identical C-termini. Each first exon encodes the substrate binding site, and is regulated by its own promoter. This enzyme has some glucuronidase activity towards bilirubin, although is is more active on amines, steroids, and sapogenins. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

UDP glucuronosyltransferase 1 family, polypeptide A5

This gene encodes a UDP-glucuronosyltransferase, an enzyme of the glucuronidation pathway that transforms small lipophilic molecules, such as steroids, bilirubin, hormones, and drugs, into water-soluble, excretable metabolites. This gene is part of a complex locus that encodes several UDP-glucuronosyltransferases. The locus includes thirteen unique alternate first exons followed by four common exons. Four of the alternate first exons are considered pseudogenes. Each of the remaining nine 5' exons may be spliced to the four common exons, resulting in nine proteins with different N-termini and identical C-termini. Each first exon encodes the substrate binding site, and is regulated by its own promoter. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

UDP glucuronosyltransferase 1 family, polypeptide A6

This gene encodes a UDP-glucuronosyltransferase, an enzyme of the glucuronidation pathway that transforms small lipophilic molecules, such as steroids, bilirubin, hormones, and drugs, into water-soluble, excretable metabolites. This gene is part of a complex locus that encodes several UDP-glucuronosyltransferases. The locus includes thirteen unique alternate first exons followed by four common exons. Four of the alternate first exons are considered pseudogenes. Each of the remaining nine 5' exons may be spliced to the four common exons, resulting in nine proteins with different N-termini and identical C-termini. Each first exon encodes the substrate binding site, and is regulated by its own promoter. The enzyme encoded by this gene is active on phenolic and planar compounds. Alternative splicing in the unique 5' end of this gene results in two transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

UDP glucuronosyltransferase 1 family, polypeptide A7

This gene encodes a UDP-glucuronosyltransferase, an enzyme of the glucuronidation pathway that transforms small lipophilic molecules, such as steroids, bilirubin, hormones, and drugs, into water-soluble, excretable metabolites. This gene is part of a complex locus that encodes several UDP-glucuronosyltransferases. The locus includes thirteen unique alternate first exons followed by four common exons. Four of the alternate first exons are considered pseudogenes. Each of the remaining nine 5' exons may be spliced to the four common exons, resulting in nine proteins with different N-termini and identical C-termini. Each first exon encodes the substrate binding site, and is regulated by its own promoter. The enzyme encoded by this gene has moderate glucuronidase activity with phenols. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

UDP glucuronosyltransferase 1 family, polypeptide A1

This gene encodes a UDP-glucuronosyltransferase, an enzyme of the glucuronidation pathway that transforms small lipophilic molecules, such as steroids, bilirubin, hormones, and drugs, into water-soluble, excretable metabolites. This gene is part of a complex locus that encodes several UDP-glucuronosyltransferases. The locus includes thirteen unique alternate first exons followed by four common exons. Four of the alternate first exons are considered pseudogenes. Each of the remaining nine 5' exons may be spliced to the four common exons, resulting in nine proteins with different N-termini and identical C-termini. Each first exon encodes the substrate binding site, and is regulated by its own promoter. The preferred substrate of this enzyme is bilirubin, although it also has moderate activity with simple phenols, flavones, and C18 steroids. Mutations in this gene result in Crigler-Najjar syndromes types I and II and in Gilbert syndrome. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

UDP glucuronosyltransferase 1 family, polypeptide A3

This gene encodes a UDP-glucuronosyltransferase, an enzyme of the glucuronidation pathway that transforms small lipophilic molecules, such as steroids, bilirubin, hormones, and drugs, into water-soluble, excretable metabolites. This gene is part of a complex locus that encodes several UDP-glucuronosyltransferases. The locus includes thirteen unique alternate first exons followed by four common exons. Four of the alternate first exons are considered pseudogenes. Each of the remaining nine 5' exons may be spliced to the four common exons, resulting in nine proteins with different N-termini and identical C-termini. Each first exon encodes the substrate binding site, and is regulated by its own promoter. Substrates of this enzyme include estrone, 2-hydroxyestrone, and metabolites of benzo alpha-pyrene. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

UDP glucuronosyltransferase 2 family, polypeptide B27 pseudogene

UDP glucuronosyltransferase 1 family, polypeptide A13 pseudogene

UDP glucuronosyltransferase 2 family, polypeptide A3

Enables glucuronosyltransferase activity. Involved in cellular glucuronidation. Predicted to be located in membrane. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

UDP glucuronosyltransferase 2 family, polypeptide A2

The protein encoded by this gene belongs to the UDP-glycosyltransferase family. Members of this protein family play a role in the conjugation and subsequent elimination of potentially toxic xenobiotics and endogenous compounds. The encoded enzyme is expressed in the olfactory neuroepithelium, which lines the posterior nasal cavity and is exposed to a wide range of odorants and airborne toxic compounds. Hence, this protein has been suggested to be involved in clearing lipophilic odorant molecules from the sensory epithelium. This gene shares exon structure with the UDP glucuronosyltransferase 2A1 family member, which encodes N-terminally distinct isoforms. Polymorphisms in this gene may be associated with the loss of taste and smell that is reported by some individuals during SARS-CoV-2 infection. [provided by RefSeq, Jan 2022]

UDP glucuronosyltransferase 2 family, polypeptide B28

This gene encodes a member of the uridine diphosphoglucuronosyltransferase protein family. The encoded enzyme catalyzes the transfer of glucuronic acid from uridine diphosphoglucuronic acid to a diverse array of substrates including steroid hormones and lipid-soluble drugs. This process, known as glucuronidation, is an intermediate step in the metabolism of steroids. Two transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. While both isoforms are targeted to the endoplasmic reticulum, only the longer isoform appears to be active. [provided by RefSeq, May 2011]

UDP-Gal:betaGlcNAc beta 1,4- galactosyltransferase, polypeptide 6

This gene is one of seven beta-1,4-galactosyltransferase (beta4GalT) genes in human. They encode type II membrane-bound glycoproteins that appear to have exclusive specificity for the donor substrate UDP-galactose; all transfer galactose in a beta1,4 linkage to similar acceptor sugars: GlcNAc, Glc, and Xyl. Each beta4GalT has a distinct function in the biosynthesis of different glycoconjugates and saccharide structures. As type II membrane proteins, they have an N-terminal hydrophobic signal sequence that directs the protein to the Golgi apparatus and which then remains uncleaved to function as a transmembrane anchor. This gene produces multiple protein isoforms - some of which are predicted to lack the N-terminal hydrophobic signal sequence and transmembrane domain. By sequence similarity, the beta4GalTs form four groups: beta4GalT1 and beta4GalT2, beta4GalT3 and beta4GalT4, beta4GalT5 and beta4GalT6, and beta4GalT7. The canonical enzyme encoded by this gene is a lactosylceramide synthase important for glycolipid biosynthesis. [provided by RefSeq, Jan 2020]

UDP-GlcNAc:betaGal beta-1,3-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase 2 pseudogene 1

UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 2B10-like

solute carrier family 35 (UDP-galactose transporter), member A2

This gene encodes a member of the nucleotide-sugar transporter family. The encoded protein is a multi-pass membrane protein. It transports UDP-galactose from the cytosol into Golgi vesicles, where it serves as a glycosyl donor for the generation of glycans. Mutations in this gene cause congenital disorder of glycosylation type IIm (CDG2M). Multiple alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding distinct isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Oct 2014]

UDP glucuronosyltransferase 2 family, polypeptide A3 pseudogene 7

UDP glucuronosyltransferase 2 family, polypeptide A1, complex locus

The protein encoded by this gene belongs to the UDP-glycosyltransferase family. Members of this protein family play a role in the conjugation and subsequent elimination of potentially toxic xenobiotics and endogenous compounds. The encoded enzyme is expressed in the olfactory neuroepithelium, which lines the posterior nasal cavity and is exposed to a wide range of odorants and airborne toxic compounds. Hence, this protein has been suggested to be involved in clearing lipophilic odorant molecules from the sensory epithelium. This gene shares exon structure with the UDP glucuronosyltransferase 2A2 family member, which encodes N-terminally distinct isoforms. Polymorphisms in this gene may be associated with the loss of taste and smell that is reported by some individuals during SARS-CoV-2 infection. [provided by RefSeq, Jan 2022]

UDP glucuronosyltransferase 2 family, polypeptide B7

The protein encoded by this gene belongs to the UDP-glycosyltransferase (UGT) family. UGTs serve a major role in the conjugation and subsequent elimination of potentially toxic xenobiotics and endogenous compounds. This protein is localized in the microsome membrane, and has unique specificity for 3,4-catechol estrogens and estriol, suggesting that it may play an important role in regulating the level and activity of these potent estrogen metabolites. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Mar 2017]

UDP glucuronosyltransferase 2 family, polypeptide B4

Enables glucuronosyltransferase activity. Involved in cellular glucuronidation and estrogen metabolic process. Predicted to be located in endoplasmic reticulum membrane. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

UDP-GlcNAc:betaGal beta-1,3-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase 5 pseudogene

Predicted to enable glycosyltransferase activity. Predicted to be involved in protein O-linked glycosylation. Predicted to be located in Golgi apparatus and membrane. Predicted to be active in Golgi membrane. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 2B10-like

UDP-glucuronate decarboxylase 1

This gene encodes an enzyme found in the perinuclear Golgi which catalyzes the synthesis of UDP-xylose used in glycosaminoglycan (GAG) synthesis on proteoglycans. The GAG chains are covalently attached to proteoglycans which participate in signaling pathways during development. Multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Dec 2014]

UDP glucuronosyltransferase 1 family, polypeptide A10

This gene encodes a UDP-glucuronosyltransferase, an enzyme of the glucuronidation pathway that transforms small lipophilic molecules, such as steroids, bilirubin, hormones, and drugs, into water-soluble, excretable metabolites. This gene is part of a complex locus that encodes several UDP-glucuronosyltransferases. The locus includes thirteen unique alternate first exons followed by four common exons. Four of the alternate first exons are considered pseudogenes. Each of the remaining nine 5' exons may be spliced to the four common exons, resulting in nine proteins with different N-termini and identical C-termini. Each first exon encodes the substrate binding site, and is regulated by its own promoter. The enzyme encoded by this gene has glucuronidase activity on mycophenolic acid, coumarins, and quinolines. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

UDP-GlcNAc:betaGal beta-1,3-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase-like 1

Enables tRNA-queuosine(34) galactosyltransferase activity. Involved in regulation of translation and tRNA modification. Is active in cytoplasm. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

UDP glucuronosyltransferase 2 family, polypeptide B25 pseudogene

UDP-GlcNAc:betaGal beta-1,3-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase-like protein 1