Harmonizome 3.0

growth regulation by estrogen in breast cancer-like

Acts upstream of or within kidney development. Predicted to be located in membrane. Implicated in autosomal dominant nonsyndromic deafness 80 and renal agenesis. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

regulation of nuclear pre-mRNA domain containing 1A

This gene encodes a cell-cycle and transcription regulatory protein. The encoded protein interacts with the cell cycle inhibitor cyclin-dependent kinase 4 inhibitor B and may function as a negative regulator of G(1)/S phase progression. This protein also forms homo- and hetrodimers with the protein, regulation of nuclear pre-mRNA domain-containing protein 1B, to form a scaffold that interacts with the C-terminal domain of RNA polymerase II subunit B1 and regulates several aspects of transcription. Alternate splicing results in multiple transcript variants. A pseudogene of this gene is found on chromosome 16. [provided by RefSeq, Dec 2014]

regulation of nuclear pre-mRNA domain containing 1B

Enables RNA polymerase II complex binding activity and identical protein binding activity. Involved in several processes, including RNA polymerase II promoter clearance; positive regulation of cell population proliferation; and positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II. Located in nucleoplasm. Part of transcription preinitiation complex. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

regulation of nuclear pre-mRNA domain containing 2

Predicted to enable RNA polymerase II complex binding activity. Predicted to be involved in mRNA 3'-end processing. Part of transcription preinitiation complex. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

growth regulation by estrogen in breast cancer 1

This gene is an estrogen-responsive gene that is an early response gene in the estrogen receptor-regulated pathway. It is thought to play an important role in hormone-responsive tissues and cancer. Three alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding distinct isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

regulation of nuclear pre-mRNA domain containing 1A pseudogene

plaque enriched lncRNA in atherosclerotic and inflammatory bowel macrophage regulation

p53 regulation associated lncRNA

heat shock 10kDa protein 1 pseudogene 16

heat shock 10kDa protein 1 pseudogene 12

heat shock 10kDa protein 1 pseudogene 10

heat shock transcription factor family, X linked 2

Predicted to enable DNA-binding transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific and RNA polymerase II cis-regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding activity. Predicted to be involved in regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II. Located in nucleus. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

heat shock 70kDa protein 5 (glucose-regulated protein, 78kDa) pseudogene

heat shock protein 90kDa beta (Grp94), member 3, pseudogene

activator of 90 kDa heat shock protein ATPase homolog 2-like

heat shock protein 90kDa alpha (cytosolic), class A member 3, pseudogene

heat shock 70kDa protein 4-like

The protein encoded by this gene is heat shock inducible and may act as a chaperone. The encoded protein can protect the heat-shocked cell against the harmful effects of aggregated proteins. This gene is highly expressed in leukemia cells and may be a good target for therapeutic intervention. Several transcripts encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Dec 2015]

heat shock 60kDa protein 1 (chaperonin)

This gene encodes a member of the chaperonin family. The encoded mitochondrial protein may function as a signaling molecule in the innate immune system. This protein is essential for the folding and assembly of newly imported proteins in the mitochondria. This gene is adjacent to a related family member and the region between the 2 genes functions as a bidirectional promoter. Several pseudogenes have been associated with this gene. Two transcript variants encoding the same protein have been identified for this gene. Mutations associated with this gene cause autosomal recessive spastic paraplegia 13. [provided by RefSeq, Jun 2010]

heat shock 70kDa protein 8 pseudogene

heat shock 60kDa protein 1 (chaperonin) pseudogene

heat shock 70kDa protein 6 (HSP70B') pseudogene

heat shock 70kDa protein 8 pseudogene 8

heat shock 70kDa protein 8 pseudogene 1

heat shock 70kDa protein 8 pseudogene 3

heat shock 70kDa protein 8 pseudogene 2

heat shock 70kDa protein 8 pseudogene 7

heat shock transcription factor family, X linked 1

Predicted to enable DNA-binding transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific and RNA polymerase II cis-regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding activity. Predicted to be involved in regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II. Located in nucleus. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

calcium regulated heat stable protein 1, 24kDa

Enables mRNA 3'-UTR binding activity. Predicted to be involved in regulation of mRNA stability. Predicted to be located in P granule; cytoplasmic exosome (RNase complex); and cytosol. Predicted to be active in cytoplasm. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

HSPA (heat shock 70kDa) binding protein, cytoplasmic cochaperone 1

Enables molecular sequestering activity and ubiquitin protein ligase binding activity. Involved in positive regulation of proteasomal ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process and positive regulation of protein ubiquitination. Is active in extracellular space. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

heat shock 70kDa protein 8 pseudogene 15

heat shock 70kDa protein 8 pseudogene 17

maestro heat-like repeat family member 3, pseudogene

maestro heat-like repeat family member 9

maestro heat-like repeat family member 8

The protein encoded by this gene belongs to the maestro heat-like repeat family. The exact function of this gene is not known, however, in a genome-wide association study using hippocampal atrophy as a quantitative trait, this gene has been associated with Alzheimer's disease (PMID:19668339). Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Sep 2013]

maestro heat-like repeat family member 7

Located in extracellular space. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

heat shock factor binding protein 1 pseudogene 2

heat shock protein 90kDa alpha (cytosolic), class B member 1 pseudogene

heat shock 70kDa protein 8 pseudogene 10

heat shock 70kDa protein 1B

This intronless gene encodes a 70kDa heat shock protein which is a member of the heat shock protein 70 family. In conjuction with other heat shock proteins, this protein stabilizes existing proteins against aggregation and mediates the folding of newly translated proteins in the cytosol and in organelles. It is also involved in the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway through interaction with the AU-rich element RNA-binding protein 1. The gene is located in the major histocompatibility complex class III region, in a cluster with two closely related genes which encode similar proteins. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

heat shock 70kDa protein 1A

This intronless gene encodes a 70kDa heat shock protein which is a member of the heat shock protein 70 family. In conjuction with other heat shock proteins, this protein stabilizes existing proteins against aggregation and mediates the folding of newly translated proteins in the cytosol and in organelles. It is also involved in the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway through interaction with the AU-rich element RNA-binding protein 1. The gene is located in the major histocompatibility complex class III region, in a cluster with two closely related genes which encode similar proteins. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

heat shock 70kDa protein 1-like

This gene encodes a 70kDa heat shock protein. In conjunction with other heat shock proteins, this protein stabilizes existing proteins against aggregation and mediates the folding of newly translated proteins in the cytosol and in organelles. The gene is located in the major histocompatibility complex class III region, in a cluster with two closely related genes which also encode isoforms of the 70kDa heat shock protein. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

heat shock protein 70kDa family, member 13

The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the heat shock protein 70 family and is found associated with microsomes. Members of this protein family play a role in the processing of cytosolic and secretory proteins, as well as in the removal of denatured or incorrectly-folded proteins. The encoded protein contains an ATPase domain and has been shown to associate with a ubiquitin-like protein. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

heat shock 70kDa protein 14

Predicted to enable ATP hydrolysis activity; heat shock protein binding activity; and protein folding chaperone. Predicted to be involved in chaperone cofactor-dependent protein refolding and protein refolding. Located in cytosol and ribosome. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

HEAT repeat containing 5A

Predicted to be involved in endocytosis; protein localization; and retrograde transport, endosome to Golgi. Predicted to be located in cytosol. Predicted to be active in endocytic vesicle. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

HEAT repeat containing 5B

Predicted to be involved in endocytosis; protein localization; and retrograde transport, endosome to Golgi. Located in cytosol and nuclear speck. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

heat shock 60kDa protein 1 (chaperonin) pseudogene 17

heat shock 60kDa protein 1 (chaperonin) pseudogene 16

heat shock 60kDa protein 1 (chaperonin) pseudogene 15

heat shock 60kDa protein 1 (chaperonin) pseudogene 14

heat shock 60kDa protein 1 (chaperonin) pseudogene 13

heat shock 60kDa protein 1 (chaperonin) pseudogene 12

heat shock 60kDa protein 1 (chaperonin) pseudogene 11

heat shock 60kDa protein 1 (chaperonin) pseudogene 10

heat shock 60kDa protein 1 (chaperonin) pseudogene 19

heat shock 60kDa protein 1 (chaperonin) pseudogene 18

heat shock 10kDa protein 1 pseudogene 22

heat shock transcription factor 1

The product of this gene is a transcription factor that is rapidly induced after temperature stress and binds heat shock promoter elements (HSE). This protein plays a role in the regulation of lifespan. Expression of this gene is repressed by phosphorylation, which promotes binding by heat shock protein 90. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2017]

heat shock transcription factor 2

The protein encoded by this gene belongs to the HSF family of transcription factors that bind specifically to the heat-shock promoter element and activate transcription. Heat shock transcription factors activate heat-shock response genes under conditions of heat or other stresses. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2011]

heat shock transcription factor family member 5

Enables sequence-specific double-stranded DNA binding activity. Predicted to be involved in regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II. Predicted to be located in XY body. Predicted to be active in nucleus. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

heat shock transcription factor 4

Heat-shock transcription factors (HSFs) activate heat-shock response genes under conditions of heat or other stresses. HSF4 lacks the carboxyl-terminal hydrophobic repeat which is shared among all vertebrate HSFs and has been suggested to be involved in the negative regulation of DNA binding activity. Two alternatively spliced transcripts encoding distinct isoforms and possessing different transcriptional activity have been described. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

heat shock 27kDa protein family, member 7 (cardiovascular)

This gene encodes a small heat shock family B member that can heterodimerize with similar heat shock proteins. Defects in this gene are associated with advanced heart failure. In addition, the encoded protein may be a tumor suppressor in the p53 pathway, with defects in this gene being associated with renal cell carcinoma. [provided by RefSeq, Mar 2017]

heat shock 27kDa protein 2

The protein encoded by this gene belongs to the superfamily of small heat-shock proteins containing a conservative alpha-crystallin domain at the C-terminal part of the molecule. The protein is expressed preferentially in the heart and skeletal muscle. This protein regulates Myotonic Dystrophy Protein Kinase, which plays an important role in maintenance of muscle structure and function. [provided by RefSeq, Dec 2012]

heat shock 27kDa protein 3

This gene encodes a muscle-specific small heat shock protein. A mutation in this gene is the cause of autosomal dominant distal hereditary motor neuropathy type 2C.[provided by RefSeq, Sep 2010]

heat shock 27kDa protein 1

This gene encodes a member of the small heat shock protein (HSP20) family of proteins. In response to environmental stress, the encoded protein translocates from the cytoplasm to the nucleus and functions as a molecular chaperone that promotes the correct folding of other proteins. This protein plays an important role in the differentiation of a wide variety of cell types. Expression of this gene is correlated with poor clinical outcome in multiple human cancers, and the encoded protein may promote cancer cell proliferation and metastasis, while protecting cancer cells from apoptosis. Mutations in this gene have been identified in human patients with Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease and distal hereditary motor neuropathy. [provided by RefSeq, Aug 2017]

heat shock 22kDa protein 8

The protein encoded by this gene belongs to the superfamily of small heat-shock proteins containing a conservative alpha-crystallin domain at the C-terminal part of the molecule. The expression of this gene in induced by estrogen in estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer cells, and this protein also functions as a chaperone in association with Bag3, a stimulator of macroautophagy. Thus, this gene appears to be involved in regulation of cell proliferation, apoptosis, and carcinogenesis, and mutations in this gene have been associated with different neuromuscular diseases, including Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

heat shock protein, alpha-crystallin-related, B9

Located in cytosol and nucleoplasm. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

heat shock protein 90kDa alpha (cytosolic), class B member 1 pseudogene

heat shock protein 90kDa alpha (cytosolic), class A member 5, pseudogene

Predicted to enable several functions, including ATP binding activity; ATP hydrolysis activity; and ATP-dependent protein folding chaperone. Predicted to be involved in protein folding. Predicted to be located in cytoplasm. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

heat shock 70kDa protein 8 pseudogene 14

heat shock 70kDa protein 8 pseudogene 11

heat shock 70kDa protein 8 pseudogene 12

heat shock 70kDa protein 8 pseudogene 19

heat shock protein 90kDa alpha (cytosolic), class B member 1 pseudogene

heat shock protein 90kDa alpha (cytosolic), class B member 2, pseudogene

Predicted to enable ATP binding activity; ATP hydrolysis activity; and unfolded protein binding activity. Predicted to be involved in cellular response to heat; protein folding; and protein stabilization. Located in extracellular exosome. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

heat shock 70kDa protein 8 pseudogene 16

heat shock 10kDa protein 1 pseudogene 28

heat shock transcription factor, Y-linked 1

This gene encodes a member of the heat shock factor (HSF) family of transcriptional activators for heat shock proteins. This gene is a candidate gene for azoospermia, since it localizes to a region of chromosome Y that is sometimes deleted in infertile males. The genome has two identical copies of this gene within a palindromic region; this record represents the more centromeric copy. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants encoding distinct isoforms. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

heat shock transcription factor, Y linked 2

This gene encodes a member of the heat shock factor (HSF) family of transcriptional activators for heat shock proteins. This gene is a candidate gene for azoospermia, since it localizes to a region of chromosome Y that is sometimes deleted in infertile males. The genome has two identical copies of this gene within a palindromic region; this record represents the more telomeric copy. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants encoding distinct isoforms. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

AHA1, activator of heat shock 90kDa protein ATPase homolog 1 (yeast)

Enables ATPase activator activity; Hsp90 protein binding activity; and protein-folding chaperone binding activity. Involved in positive regulation of ATP-dependent activity. Located in cytosol. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

AHA1, activator of heat shock 90kDa protein ATPase homolog 2 (yeast)

Predicted to enable ATPase activator activity. Predicted to be involved in protein folding. Predicted to be active in cytosol. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

maestro heat-like repeat family member 2A

This gene encodes a HEAT-domain-containing protein. The function of the encoded protein has not been characterized. [provided by RefSeq, Aug 2016]

heat shock protein 90kDa alpha (cytosolic), class A member 2, pseudogene

HSP90 proteins are highly conserved molecular chaperones that have key roles in signal transduction, protein folding, protein degradation, and morphologic evolution. HSP90 proteins normally associate with other cochaperones and play important roles in folding newly synthesized proteins or stabilizing and refolding denatured proteins after stress. HSP90AA2 is a cytosolic HSP90 protein. Other HSP90 proteins are found in endoplasmic reticulum (HSP90B1; MIM 191175) and mitochondria (TRAP1; MIM 606219) (Chen et al., 2005 [PubMed 16269234]). See HSP90AA1 (MIM 140571) for further information on HSP90 proteins.[supplied by OMIM, Aug 2008]

heat shock transcription factor, Y-linked 3, pseudogene

heat shock protein 90kDa beta (Grp94), member 2, pseudogene

Predicted to enable several functions, including ATP binding activity; ATP hydrolysis activity; and unfolded protein binding activity. Predicted to be involved in protein folding. Predicted to be active in mitochondrial inner membrane. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

heat shock 10kDa protein 1 pseudogene 8

heat shock 10kDa protein 1 pseudogene 4

heat shock 10kDa protein 1 pseudogene 5

heat shock 10kDa protein 1 pseudogene 7

heat shock 10kDa protein 1 pseudogene 1

heat shock 10kDa protein 1 pseudogene 2

heat shock 10kDa protein 1 pseudogene 3

heat shock 70kDa protein 8 pseudogene 20

heat shock 10kDa protein 1

This gene encodes a major heat shock protein which functions as a chaperonin. Its structure consists of a heptameric ring which binds to another heat shock protein in order to form a symmetric, functional heterodimer which enhances protein folding in an ATP-dependent manner. This gene and its co-chaperonin, HSPD1, are arranged in a head-to-head orientation on chromosome 2. Naturally occurring read-through transcription occurs between this locus and the neighboring locus MOBKL3.[provided by RefSeq, Feb 2011]

heat shock protein 90kDa alpha (cytosolic), class B member 7, pseudogene

heat shock 70kDa protein 8 pseudogene 6

HSPB (heat shock 27kDa) associated protein 1

This gene encodes a protein that binds to one of the small heat shock proteins, specifically hsp27. Hsp27 is involved with cell growth and differentiation. This encoded protein was found to be abnormally expressed in patients with intractable epilepsy, although how brain function is affected remains unknown. [provided by RefSeq, Sep 2011]

heat shock protein 90kDa beta (Grp94), member 1

This gene encodes a member of a family of adenosine triphosphate(ATP)-metabolizing molecular chaperones with roles in stabilizing and folding other proteins. The encoded protein is localized to melanosomes and the endoplasmic reticulum. Expression of this protein is associated with a variety of pathogenic states, including tumor formation. There is a microRNA gene located within the 5' exon of this gene. There are pseudogenes for this gene on chromosomes 1 and 15. [provided by RefSeq, Aug 2012]

heat shock transcription factor, X-linked-like

Predicted to enable DNA-binding transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific and RNA polymerase II cis-regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding activity. Predicted to be involved in regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II. Predicted to be located in chromatin. Predicted to be active in nucleus. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

heat shock protein 90kDa alpha (cytosolic), class B member 1 pseudogene

maestro heat-like repeat family member 6

Predicted to be active in cytoplasm. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

maestro heat-like repeat family member 1

Predicted to be active in cytoplasm. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

maestro heat-like repeat family member 2B

Predicted to be involved in protein kinase A signaling. Predicted to be located in sperm midpiece. Predicted to be active in acrosomal vesicle. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

heat shock factor binding protein 1-like 1

Predicted to enable transcription corepressor activity. Predicted to be involved in cellular heat acclimation. Predicted to be active in cytosol and nucleus. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

heat shock 70kDa protein 8 pseudogene 9

heat shock 70kDa protein 8 pseudogene 5

heat shock 70kDa protein 8 pseudogene 4

heat shock 60kDa protein 1 (chaperonin) pseudogene 3

heat shock 60kDa protein 1 (chaperonin) pseudogene 2

heat shock 60kDa protein 1 (chaperonin) pseudogene 1

heat shock 60kDa protein 1 (chaperonin) pseudogene 7

heat shock 60kDa protein 1 (chaperonin) pseudogene 6

heat shock 60kDa protein 1 (chaperonin) pseudogene 5

heat shock 60kDa protein 1 (chaperonin) pseudogene 4

heat shock 60kDa protein 1 (chaperonin) pseudogene 9

heat shock 60kDa protein 1 (chaperonin) pseudogene 8

heat shock 105kDa/110kDa protein 1

This gene encodes a member of the heat shock protein 70 family of proteins. The encoded protein functions as a nucleotide exchange factor for the molecular chaperone heat shock cognate 71 kDa protein (Hsc70). In addition, this protein plays a distinct but related role as a holdase that inhibits the aggregation of misfolded proteins, including the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) protein. Elevated expression of this protein has been observed in numerous human cancers. [provided by RefSeq, Mar 2017]

heat shock protein 90kDa alpha (cytosolic), class B member 4, pseudogene

Predicted to enable ATP binding activity; ATP hydrolysis activity; and unfolded protein binding activity. Predicted to be involved in cellular response to heat; protein folding; and protein stabilization. Predicted to be located in cytoplasm. Predicted to be part of protein-containing complex. Predicted to be active in cytosol; perinuclear region of cytoplasm; and plasma membrane. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

heat shock protein family B (small), member 11

Predicted to enable metal ion binding activity. Predicted to be involved in kidney development; smoothened signaling pathway; and spermatogenesis. Predicted to act upstream of or within several processes, including left/right axis specification; lung development; and skeletal system development. Part of intraciliary transport particle B. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

heat shock transcription factor, Y-linked 4, pseudogene

heat-responsive protein 12

Enables mRNA binding activity. Involved in mRNA catabolic process and mRNA destabilization. Located in cytoplasm and nucleus. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

heat shock protein 90kDa alpha (cytosolic), class A member 4, pseudogene

Predicted to enable ATP binding activity; ATP hydrolysis activity; and unfolded protein binding activity. Predicted to be involved in cellular response to heat; protein folding; and protein stabilization. Predicted to be located in cytoplasm. Predicted to be part of protein-containing complex. Predicted to be active in several cellular components, including myelin sheath; neuronal cell body; and perinuclear region of cytoplasm. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

HEAT repeat containing 6

Enables RNA binding activity. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

HEAT repeat containing 4

Predicted to enable oxidoreductase activity. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

HEAT repeat containing 3

The protein encoded by this gene plays a role in ribosomal protein transport and in the assembly of the 5S ribonucleoprotein particle (5S RNP). The encoded protein also may be involved in NOD2-mediated NF-kappaB signaling. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2016]

HEAT repeat containing 1

Enables RNA binding activity. Involved in several processes, including positive regulation of RNA metabolic process; protein localization to nucleolus; and ribosomal small subunit biogenesis. Located in fibrillar center and mitochondrion. Part of small-subunit processome. Implicated in pancreatic ductal carcinoma. Biomarker of glioblastoma. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

HEAT repeat containing 9

Predicted to act upstream of or within hematopoietic progenitor cell differentiation. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

heat shock factor binding protein 1 pseudogene 1

heat shock transcription factor, Y-linked 1 pseudogene 1

heat shock protein 90kDa alpha (cytosolic), class B member 3, pseudogene

Predicted to enable ATP binding activity; ATP hydrolysis activity; and unfolded protein binding activity. Predicted to be involved in cellular response to heat; protein folding; and protein stabilization. Located in extracellular exosome. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade H (heat shock protein 47), member 1, (collagen binding protein 1)

This gene encodes a member of the serpin superfamily of serine proteinase inhibitors. The encoded protein is localized to the endoplasmic reticulum and plays a role in collagen biosynthesis as a collagen-specific molecular chaperone. Autoantibodies to the encoded protein have been found in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Expression of this gene may be a marker for cancer, and nucleotide polymorphisms in this gene may be associated with preterm birth caused by preterm premature rupture of membranes. Alternatively spliced transcript variants have been observed for this gene, and a pseudogene of this gene is located on the short arm of chromosome 9. [provided by RefSeq, May 2011]

heat-responsive protein 12 pseudogene

heat shock protein 90kDa alpha (cytosolic), class B member 1

This gene encodes a member of the heat shock protein 90 family; these proteins are involved in signal transduction, protein folding and degradation and morphological evolution. This gene encodes the constitutive form of the cytosolic 90 kDa heat-shock protein and is thought to play a role in gastric apoptosis and inflammation. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. Pseudogenes have been identified on multiple chromosomes. [provided by RefSeq, Dec 2012]

heat shock 70kDa protein 9 pseudogene 1

heat shock 70kDa protein 9 pseudogene 2

heat shock protein 90kDa alpha (cytosolic), class B member 1 pseudogene

heat shock protein, alpha-crystallin-related, B6

This locus encodes a heat shock protein. The encoded protein likely plays a role in smooth muscle relaxation. [provided by RefSeq, Jan 2012]

heat shock 60kDa protein 1 (chaperonin) pseudogene 22

heat shock 60kDa protein 1 (chaperonin) pseudogene 20

heat shock 60kDa protein 1 (chaperonin) pseudogene 21

heat shock transcription factor 2 binding protein

HSF2 binding protein (HSF2BP) associates with HSF2. The interaction occurs between the trimerization domain of HSF2 and the amino terminal hydrophilic region of HSF2BP that comprises two leucine zipper motifs. HSF2BP may therefore be involved in modulating HSF2 activation. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

heat shock protein 90kDa alpha (cytosolic), class B member 6, pseudogene

heat shock factor binding protein 1

The heat-shock response is elicited by exposure of cells to thermal and chemical stress and through the activation of HSFs (heat shock factors) results in the elevated expression of heat-shock induced genes. Heat shock factor binding protein 1 (HSBP1), is a 76-amino-acid protein that binds to heat shock factor 1(HSF1), which is a transcription factor involved in the HS response. During HS response, HSF1 undergoes conformational transition from an inert non-DNA-binding monomer to active functional trimers. HSBP1 is nuclear-localized and interacts with the active trimeric state of HSF1 to negatively regulate HSF1 DNA-binding activity. Overexpression of HSBP1 in mammalian cells represses the transactivation activity of HSF1. When overexpressed in C.elegans HSBP1 has severe effects on survival of the animals after thermal and chemical stress consistent with a role of HSBP1 as a negative regulator of heat shock response. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

heat shock transcription factor, X-linked-like

Predicted to enable DNA-binding transcription factor activity and RNA polymerase II cis-regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding activity. Predicted to be involved in regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II. Predicted to be active in nucleus. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

maestro heat-like repeat family member 5

Predicted to be active in cytoplasm. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

heat shock 70kD protein 12B

The protein encoded by this gene contains an atypical heat shock protein 70 (Hsp70) ATPase domain and is therefore a distant member of the mammalian Hsp70 family. This gene may be involved in susceptibility to atherosclerosis. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms. [provided by RefSeq, Dec 2015]

heat shock 70kDa protein 12A

Predicted to enable ATP binding activity. Located in extracellular exosome. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

heat shock protein 90kDa alpha (cytosolic), class A member 1

The protein encoded by this gene is an inducible molecular chaperone that functions as a homodimer. The encoded protein aids in the proper folding of specific target proteins by use of an ATPase activity that is modulated by co-chaperones. Two transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Jan 2012]

heat shock 70kDa protein 2

Enables disordered domain specific binding activity; enzyme binding activity; and unfolded protein binding activity. Involved in negative regulation of inclusion body assembly and protein refolding. Located in cytosol. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

heat shock 70kDa protein 7 (HSP70B)

Predicted to enable ATP hydrolysis activity; heat shock protein binding activity; and protein folding chaperone. Predicted to be involved in chaperone cofactor-dependent protein refolding and protein refolding. Located in COP9 signalosome. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

heat shock 70kDa protein 6 (HSP70B')

Enables several functions, including ATP hydrolysis activity; heat shock protein binding activity; and unfolded protein binding activity. Involved in cellular response to heat and protein refolding. Located in COP9 signalosome; centriole; and cytosol. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

heat shock 70kDa protein 5 (glucose-regulated protein, 78kDa)

The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) family. This protein localizes to the lumen of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) where it operates as a typical HSP70 chaperone involved in the folding and assembly of proteins in the ER and is a master regulator of ER homeostasis. During cellular stress, as during viral infection or tumorogenesis, this protein interacts with the transmembrane stress sensor proteins PERK (protein kinase R-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase), IRE1 (inositol-requiring kinase 1), and ATF6 (activating transcription factor 6) where it acts as a repressor of the unfolded protein response (UPR) and also plays a role in cellular apoptosis and senescence. Elevated expression and atypical translocation of this protein to the cell surface has been reported in viral infections and some types of cancer cells. At the cell surface this protein may facilitate viral attachment and entry to host cells. This gene is a therapeutic target for the treatment of coronavirus diseases and chemoresistant cancers. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2020]

heat shock 70kDa protein 4

Predicted to enable adenyl-nucleotide exchange factor activity. Involved in chaperone-mediated protein complex assembly and protein insertion into mitochondrial outer membrane. Located in cytosol and extracellular exosome. Implicated in Chagas disease. Biomarker of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; rheumatoid arthritis; type 2 diabetes mellitus; and ulcerative colitis. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

heat shock 70kDa protein 9 (mortalin)

This gene encodes a member of the heat shock protein 70 gene family. The encoded protein is primarily localized to the mitochondria but is also found in the endoplasmic reticulum, plasma membrane and cytoplasmic vesicles. This protein is a heat-shock cognate protein. This protein plays a role in cell proliferation, stress response and maintenance of the mitochondria. A pseudogene of this gene is found on chromosome 2.[provided by RefSeq, May 2010]

heat shock 70kDa protein 8

This gene encodes a member of the heat shock protein 70 family, which contains both heat-inducible and constitutively expressed members. This protein belongs to the latter group, which are also referred to as heat-shock cognate proteins. It functions as a chaperone, and binds to nascent polypeptides to facilitate correct folding. It also functions as an ATPase in the disassembly of clathrin-coated vesicles during transport of membrane components through the cell. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Aug 2011]

heat shock 10kDa protein 1 pseudogene 20

heat shock transcription factor 2 pseudogene

heat shock 70kDa protein 5 (glucose-regulated protein, 78kDa) pseudogene

heat shock protein 90kDa alpha (cytosolic), class A member 6, pseudogene

maestro heat-like repeat family member 4, pseudogene

Predicted to be located in Golgi apparatus. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

heat shock protein 90kDa alpha (cytosolic), class B member 5, pseudogene

heat shock 27kDa protein 1 pseudogene 1

heat shock 27kDa protein 1 pseudogene 2

RAB11 binding and LisH domain, coiled-coil and HEAT repeat containing

Involved in intracellular cholesterol transport. Located in recycling endosome and trans-Golgi network. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

heat shock protein nuclear import factor hikeshi

This gene encodes an evolutionarily conserved nuclear transport receptor that mediates heat-shock-induced nuclear import of 70 kDa heat-shock proteins (Hsp70s) through interactions with FG-nucleoporins. The protein mediates transport of the ATP form but not the ADP form of Hsp70 proteins under conditions of heat shock stress. Structural analyses demonstrate that the protein forms an asymmetric homodimer and that the N-terminal domain consists of a jelly-roll/beta-sandwich fold structure that contains hydrophobic pockets involved in FG-nucleoporin recognition. Reduction of RNA expression levels in HeLa cells using small interfering RNAs results in inhibition of heat shock-induced nuclear accumulation of Hsp70s, indicating a role for this gene in regulation of Hsp70 nuclear import during heat shock stress. [provided by RefSeq, Apr 2016]

heat shock transcription factor family, X-linked member 3

Predicted to enable DNA-binding transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific and RNA polymerase II cis-regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding activity. Predicted to be involved in regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II. Predicted to be located in chromatin. Predicted to be active in nucleus. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

heat shock transcription factor family, X-linked member 4

Predicted to enable DNA-binding transcription factor activity and RNA polymerase II cis-regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding activity. Predicted to be involved in regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II. Predicted to be active in nucleus. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]