Harmonizome 3.0

calmodulin 2 (phosphorylase kinase, delta)

This gene is a member of the calmodulin gene family. There are three distinct calmodulin genes dispersed throughout the genome that encode the identical protein, but differ at the nucleotide level. Calmodulin is a calcium binding protein that plays a role in signaling pathways, cell cycle progression and proliferation. Several infants with severe forms of long-QT syndrome (LQTS) who displayed life-threatening ventricular arrhythmias together with delayed neurodevelopment and epilepsy were found to have mutations in either this gene or another member of the calmodulin gene family (PMID:23388215). Mutations in this gene have also been identified in patients with less severe forms of LQTS (PMID:24917665), while mutations in another calmodulin gene family member have been associated with catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia (CPVT)(PMID:23040497), a rare disorder thought to be the cause of a significant fraction of sudden cardiac deaths in young individuals. Pseudogenes of this gene are found on chromosomes 10, 13, and 17. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms. [provided by RefSeq, Mar 2015]

calmodulin 3 (phosphorylase kinase, delta)

This gene encodes a member of a family of proteins that binds calcium and functions as a enzymatic co-factor. Activity of this protein is important in the regulation of the cell cycle and cytokinesis. Multiple alternatively spliced transcript variants have been observed at this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Aug 2016]

calmodulin 1 (phosphorylase kinase, delta)

This gene encodes one of three calmodulin proteins which are members of the EF-hand calcium-binding protein family. Calcium-induced activation of calmodulin regulates and modulates the function of cardiac ion channels. Two pseudogenes have been identified on chromosome 7 and X. Multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene.A missense mutation in the CALM1 gene has been associated with ventricular tachycardia.[provided by RefSeq, May 2020]

calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase kinase 2, beta

The product of this gene belongs to the Serine/Threonine protein kinase family, and to the Ca(2+)/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase subfamily. The major isoform of this gene plays a role in the calcium/calmodulin-dependent (CaM) kinase cascade by phosphorylating the downstream kinases CaMK1 and CaMK4. Protein products of this gene also phosphorylate AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK). This gene has its strongest expression in the brain and influences signalling cascades involved with learning and memory, neuronal differentiation and migration, neurite outgrowth, and synapse formation. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants encoding distinct isoforms. The identified isoforms differ in their ability to undergo autophosphorylation and to phosphorylate downstream kinases. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2012]

calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase kinase 1, alpha

The product of this gene belongs to the Serine/Threonine protein kinase family, and to the Ca(2+)/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase subfamily. This protein plays a role in the calcium/calmodulin-dependent (CaM) kinase cascade. Three transcript variants encoding two distinct isoforms have been identified for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

obscurin, cytoskeletal calmodulin and titin-interacting RhoGEF

The obscurin gene spans more than 150 kb, contains over 80 exons and encodes a protein of approximately 720 kDa. The encoded protein contains 68 Ig domains, 2 fibronectin domains, 1 calcium/calmodulin-binding domain, 1 RhoGEF domain with an associated PH domain, and 2 serine-threonine kinase domains. This protein belongs to the family of giant sacromeric signaling proteins that includes titin and nebulin, and may have a role in the organization of myofibrils during assembly and may mediate interactions between the sarcoplasmic reticulum and myofibrils. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been identified. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

calmodulin regulated spectrin-associated protein 1

Enables microtubule minus-end binding activity and spectrin binding activity. Involved in several processes, including neuron projection development; regulation of cell morphogenesis; and regulation of microtubule polymerization. Located in microtubule minus-end. Implicated in complex cortical dysplasia with other brain malformations. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

striatin, calmodulin binding protein pseudogene

calmodulin 2 (phosphorylase kinase, delta) pseudogene

calmodulin binding transcription activator 2

The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the calmodulin-binding transcription activator protein family. Members of this family share a common domain structure that consists of a transcription activation domain, a DNA-binding domain, and a calmodulin-binding domain. The encoded protein may be a transcriptional coactivator of genes involved in cardiac growth. Alternate splicing results in multiple transcript variants.[provided by RefSeq, Jan 2010]

calmodulin binding transcription activator 1

The protein encoded by this gene contains a CG1 DNA-binding domain, a transcription factor immunoglobulin domain, ankyrin repeats, and calmodulin-binding IQ motifs. The encoded protein is thought to be a transcription factor and may be a tumor suppressor. However, a translocation event is sometimes observed between this gene and the WWTR1 gene, with the resulting WWTR1-CAMTA1 oncoprotein leading to epithelioid hemangioendothelioma, a malignant vascular cancer. [provided by RefSeq, Mar 2017]

calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II delta

The product of this gene belongs to the serine/threonine protein kinase family and to the Ca(2+)/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase subfamily. Calcium signaling is crucial for several aspects of plasticity at glutamatergic synapses. In mammalian cells, the enzyme is composed of four different chains: alpha, beta, gamma, and delta. The product of this gene is a delta chain. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants encoding distinct isoforms. Distinct isoforms of this chain have different expression patterns.[provided by RefSeq, Nov 2008]

calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II gamma

The product of this gene is one of the four subunits of an enzyme which belongs to the serine/threonine protein kinase family, and to the Ca(2+)/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase subfamily. Calcium signaling is crucial for several aspects of plasticity at glutamatergic synapses. In mammalian cells the enzyme is composed of four different chains: alpha, beta, gamma, and delta. The product of this gene is a gamma chain. Many alternatively spliced transcripts encoding different isoforms have been described but the full-length nature of all the variants has not been determined.[provided by RefSeq, Mar 2011]

calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II alpha

The product of this gene belongs to the serine/threonine protein kinases family, and to the Ca(2+)/calmodulin-dependent protein kinases subfamily. Calcium signaling is crucial for several aspects of plasticity at glutamatergic synapses. This calcium calmodulin-dependent protein kinase is composed of four different chains: alpha, beta, gamma, and delta. The alpha chain encoded by this gene is required for hippocampal long-term potentiation (LTP) and spatial learning. In addition to its calcium-calmodulin (CaM)-dependent activity, this protein can undergo autophosphorylation, resulting in CaM-independent activity. Several transcript variants encoding distinct isoforms have been identified for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Jun 2018]

calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II beta

The product of this gene belongs to the serine/threonine protein kinase family and to the Ca(2+)/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase subfamily. Calcium signaling is crucial for several aspects of plasticity at glutamatergic synapses. In mammalian cells, the enzyme is composed of four different chains: alpha, beta, gamma, and delta. The product of this gene is a beta chain. It is possible that distinct isoforms of this chain have different cellular localizations and interact differently with calmodulin. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, May 2014]

calmodulin-like 3

Predicted to enable calcium ion binding activity. Located in extracellular exosome. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

calmodulin-like 6

Predicted to enable calcium ion binding activity and enzyme regulator activity. Predicted to be involved in microtubule cytoskeleton organization. Predicted to be located in nucleus. Predicted to be active in cytoplasm. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

calmodulin-like 5

This gene encodes a novel calcium binding protein expressed in the epidermis and related to the calmodulin family of calcium binding proteins. Functional studies with recombinant protein demonstrate it does bind calcium and undergoes a conformational change when it does so. Abundant expression is detected only in reconstructed epidermis and is restricted to differentiating keratinocytes. In addition, it can associate with transglutaminase 3, shown to be a key enzyme in the terminal differentiation of keratinocytes. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

calmodulin-like 4

Enables myosin head/neck binding activity. Involved in brush border assembly. Located in microvillus. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

calmodulin 1 (phosphorylase kinase, delta) pseudogene 1

calmodulin 1 (phosphorylase kinase, delta) pseudogene 2

calcium/calmodulin-dependent serine protein kinase (MAGUK family)

This gene encodes a calcium/calmodulin-dependent serine protein kinase. The encoded protein is a MAGUK (membrane-associated guanylate kinase) protein family member. These proteins are scaffold proteins and the encoded protein is located at synapses in the brain. Mutations in this gene are associated with FG syndrome 4, intellectual disability and microcephaly with pontine and cerebellar hypoplasia, and a form of X-linked intellectual disability. Multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2017]

calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II inhibitor 2

This gene encodes a protein that is highly similar to the rat CaM-KII inhibitory protein, an inhibitor of calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CAMKII). CAMKII regulates numerous physiological functions, including neuronal synaptic plasticity through the phosphorylation of alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid-type glutamate (AMPA) receptors. Studies of the similar protein in rat suggest that this protein may function as a negative regulator of CaM-KII and may act to inhibit the phosphorylation of AMPA receptors. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II inhibitor 1

Predicted to enable calcium-dependent protein kinase inhibitor activity and protein kinase binding activity. Predicted to be involved in long-term memory and positive regulation of inflammatory response. Predicted to be located in neuronal cell body and synapse. Implicated in ovarian cancer; ovarian carcinoma; and prostate adenocarcinoma. Biomarker of hepatocellular carcinoma; oral squamous cell carcinoma; papillary thyroid carcinoma; and prostate cancer. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

striatin, calmodulin binding protein

Enables armadillo repeat domain binding activity; nuclear estrogen receptor binding activity; and protein phosphatase 2A binding activity. Involved in Wnt signaling pathway and negative regulation of cell population proliferation. Located in bicellular tight junction. Part of FAR/SIN/STRIPAK complex. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase IG

Predicted to enable calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase activity and calmodulin binding activity. Predicted to be involved in signal transduction. Predicted to be located in Golgi membrane and plasma membrane. Predicted to be part of calcium- and calmodulin-dependent protein kinase complex. Predicted to be active in cytoplasm. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

calmodulin regulated spectrin-associated protein family, member 2

Enables microtubule minus-end binding activity. Involved in several processes, including axon development; regulation of dendrite development; and regulation of organelle organization. Located in Golgi apparatus; cytosol; and microtubule cytoskeleton. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

calmodulin regulated spectrin-associated protein family, member 3

Enables actin filament binding activity and microtubule minus-end binding activity. Involved in several processes, including microtubule cytoskeleton organization; regulation of organelle organization; and zonula adherens maintenance. Located in cytoplasm; microtubule cytoskeleton; and zonula adherens. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase ID

This gene is a member of the calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase 1 family, a subfamily of the serine/threonine kinases. The encoded protein is a component of the calcium-regulated calmodulin-dependent protein kinase cascade. It has been associated with multiple processes including regulation of granulocyte function, activation of CREB-dependent gene transcription, aldosterone synthesis, differentiation and activation of neutrophil cells, and apoptosis of erythroleukemia cells. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms of this gene have been described. [provided by RefSeq, Jan 2015]

calmodulin 2 pseudogene 4

calmodulin 2 pseudogene 2

calmodulin 2 pseudogene 3

calmodulin 2 pseudogene 1

calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase I

Calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase I is expressed in many tissues and is a component of a calmodulin-dependent protein kinase cascade. Calcium/calmodulin directly activates calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase I by binding to the enzyme and indirectly promotes the phosphorylation and synergistic activation of the enzyme by calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase I kinase. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase IV

The product of this gene belongs to the serine/threonine protein kinase family, and to the Ca(2+)/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase subfamily. This enzyme is a multifunctional serine/threonine protein kinase with limited tissue distribution, that has been implicated in transcriptional regulation in lymphocytes, neurons and male germ cells. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

phosphodiesterase 1C, calmodulin-dependent 70kDa

This gene encodes an enzyme that belongs to the 3'5'-cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase family. Members of this family catalyze hydrolysis of the cyclic nucleotides, cyclic adenosine monophosphate and cyclic guanosine monophosphate, to the corresponding nucleoside 5'-monophosphates. The enzyme encoded by this gene regulates proliferation and migration of vascular smooth muscle cells, and neointimal hyperplasia. This enzyme also plays a role in pathological vascular remodeling by regulating the stability of growth factor receptors, such as PDGF-receptor-beta. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2016]

phosphodiesterase 1B, calmodulin-dependent

The protein encoded by this gene belongs to the cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase (PDE) family, and PDE1 subfamily. Members of the PDE1 family are calmodulin-dependent PDEs that are stimulated by a calcium-calmodulin complex. This PDE has dual-specificity for the second messengers, cAMP and cGMP, with a preference for cGMP as a substrate. cAMP and cGMP function as key regulators of many important physiological processes. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been described for this gene.[provided by RefSeq, Jul 2011]

phosphodiesterase 1A, calmodulin-dependent

Cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterases (PDEs) play a role in signal transduction by regulating intracellular cyclic nucleotide concentrations through hydrolysis of cAMP and/or cGMP to their respective nucleoside 5-prime monophosphates. Members of the PDE1 family, such as PDE1A, are Ca(2+)/calmodulin (see CALM1; MIM 114180)-dependent PDEs (CaM-PDEs) that are activated by calmodulin in the presence of Ca(2+) (Michibata et al., 2001 [PubMed 11342109]; Fidock et al., 2002 [PubMed 11747989]).[supplied by OMIM, Oct 2009]

striatin, calmodulin binding protein 4

Enables armadillo repeat domain binding activity; protein phosphatase 2A binding activity; and protein-macromolecule adaptor activity. Involved in negative regulation of hippo signaling. Part of FAR/SIN/STRIPAK complex. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

striatin, calmodulin binding protein 3

Enables armadillo repeat domain binding activity; enzyme binding activity; and protein-macromolecule adaptor activity. Involved in negative regulation of hippo signaling; negative regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II; and positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II. Located in Golgi apparatus; nucleoplasm; and plasma membrane. Part of FAR/SIN/STRIPAK complex. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

calcium/calmodulin-dependent serine protein kinase (MAGUK family) pseudogene 1

From InterPro Predicted Protein Domain Annotations

proteins predicted to have the Calmodulin-lysine N-methyltransferase protein domain from the InterPro Predicted Protein Domain Annotations dataset.

From Biocarta Pathways

proteins participating in the ca-calmodulin-dependent protein kinase activation pathway from the Biocarta Pathways dataset.

From Biocarta Pathways

proteins participating in the control of skeletal myogenesis by hdac and calcium/calmodulin-dependent kinase (camk) pathway from the Biocarta Pathways dataset.

From COMPARTMENTS Curated Protein Localization Evidence Scores

proteins localized to the calcium- and calmodulin-dependent protein kinase complex cellular component from the COMPARTMENTS Curated Protein Localization Evidence Scores dataset.

From COMPARTMENTS Text-mining Protein Localization Evidence Scores

proteins co-occuring with the calcium- and calmodulin-dependent protein kinase complex cellular component in abstracts of biomedical publications from the COMPARTMENTS Text-mining Protein Localization Evidence Scores dataset.

From GeneRIF Biological Term Annotations

genes co-occuring with the biological term calmodulin in literature-supported statements describing functions of genes from the GeneRIF Biological Term Annotations dataset.

From GO Cellular Component Annotations 2015

proteins localized to the calcium- and calmodulin-dependent protein kinase complex cellular component from the curated GO Cellular Component Annotations 2015 dataset.

From GO Molecular Function Annotations 2015

genes performing the calmodulin-dependent cyclic-nucleotide phosphodiesterase activity molecular function from the curated GO Molecular Function Annotations 2015 dataset.

From GO Molecular Function Annotations 2015

genes performing the calmodulin binding molecular function from the curated GO Molecular Function Annotations 2015 dataset.

From GO Molecular Function Annotations 2015

genes performing the calcium- and calmodulin-regulated 3',5'-cyclic-gmp phosphodiesterase activity molecular function from the curated GO Molecular Function Annotations 2015 dataset.

From GO Molecular Function Annotations 2015

genes performing the calmodulin-dependent protein phosphatase activity molecular function from the curated GO Molecular Function Annotations 2015 dataset.

From GO Molecular Function Annotations 2015

genes performing the calcium- and calmodulin-responsive adenylate cyclase activity molecular function from the curated GO Molecular Function Annotations 2015 dataset.

From GO Molecular Function Annotations 2015

genes performing the calmodulin-dependent protein kinase activity molecular function from the curated GO Molecular Function Annotations 2015 dataset.

From InterPro Predicted Protein Domain Annotations

proteins predicted to have the Calcium/calmodulin-dependent/calcium-dependent protein kinase protein domain from the InterPro Predicted Protein Domain Annotations dataset.

From InterPro Predicted Protein Domain Annotations

proteins predicted to have the Calmodulin-regulated spectrin-associated protein, CH domain protein domain from the InterPro Predicted Protein Domain Annotations dataset.

From InterPro Predicted Protein Domain Annotations

proteins predicted to have the Calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II, association-domain protein domain from the InterPro Predicted Protein Domain Annotations dataset.

From InterPro Predicted Protein Domain Annotations

proteins predicted to have the IQ calmodulin-binding motif-containing protein 1 protein domain from the InterPro Predicted Protein Domain Annotations dataset.

From InterPro Predicted Protein Domain Annotations

proteins predicted to have the Calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II inhibitor protein domain from the InterPro Predicted Protein Domain Annotations dataset.

From InterPro Predicted Protein Domain Annotations

proteins predicted to have the Calmodulin-binding domain C0, NMDA receptor, NR1 subunit protein domain from the InterPro Predicted Protein Domain Annotations dataset.

From InterPro Predicted Protein Domain Annotations

proteins predicted to have the Calmodulin-binding domain protein domain from the InterPro Predicted Protein Domain Annotations dataset.

From Phosphosite Textmining Biological Term Annotations

proteins co-occuring with the biological term calcium-calmodulin-dependent-protein-kinases in abstracts of publications describing phosphosites from the Phosphosite Textmining Biological Term Annotations dataset.

From Reactome Pathways 2014

proteins participating in the Calmodulin induced events pathway from the Reactome Pathways dataset.

From GO Cellular Component Annotations 2023

proteins localized to the DAPK1-calmodulin complex cellular component from the curated GO Cellular Component Annotations 2023 dataset.

From GO Molecular Function Annotations 2023

genes performing the calmodulin-dependent protein phosphatase activity molecular function from the curated GO Molecular Function Annotations 2023 dataset.

From GO Molecular Function Annotations 2023

genes performing the calcium- and calmodulin-responsive adenylate cyclase activity molecular function from the curated GO Molecular Function Annotations 2023 dataset.

From GO Molecular Function Annotations 2023

genes performing the calmodulin-dependent protein kinase activity molecular function from the curated GO Molecular Function Annotations 2023 dataset.

From GO Molecular Function Annotations 2023

genes performing the calmodulin-activated dual specificity 3',5'-cyclic-GMP, 3',5'-cyclic-AMP phosphodiesterase activity molecular function from the curated GO Molecular Function Annotations 2023 dataset.

From GO Molecular Function Annotations 2023

genes performing the calmodulin-activated 3',5'-cyclic-GMP phosphodiesterase activity molecular function from the curated GO Molecular Function Annotations 2023 dataset.

From Reactome Pathways 2024

proteins participating in the Calmodulin induced events pathway from the Reactome Pathways 2024 dataset.

From GO Cellular Component Annotations 2025

proteins localized to the DAPK1-calmodulin complex cellular component from the curated GO Cellular Component Annotations 2025 dataset.

From GO Molecular Function Annotations 2025

genes performing the calmodulin-dependent protein phosphatase activity molecular function from the curated GO Molecular Function Annotations 2025 dataset.

From GO Molecular Function Annotations 2025

genes performing the calcium- and calmodulin-responsive adenylate cyclase activity molecular function from the curated GO Molecular Function Annotations 2025 dataset.

From GO Molecular Function Annotations 2025

genes performing the calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase activity molecular function from the curated GO Molecular Function Annotations 2025 dataset.

From GO Molecular Function Annotations 2025

genes performing the calmodulin-activated dual specificity 3',5'-cyclic-GMP, 3',5'-cyclic-AMP phosphodiesterase activity molecular function from the curated GO Molecular Function Annotations 2025 dataset.

From GO Molecular Function Annotations 2025

genes performing the calmodulin-activated 3',5'-cyclic-GMP phosphodiesterase activity molecular function from the curated GO Molecular Function Annotations 2025 dataset.

From COMPARTMENTS Curated Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025

proteins localized to the calcium- and calmodulin-dependent protein kinase complex cellular component from the COMPARTMENTS Curated Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025 dataset.

From COMPARTMENTS Curated Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025

proteins localized to the DAPK1-calmodulin complex cellular component from the COMPARTMENTS Curated Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025 dataset.

From COMPARTMENTS Text-mining Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025

proteins co-occuring with the calcium- and calmodulin-dependent protein kinase complex cellular component in abstracts of biomedical publications from the COMPARTMENTS Text-mining Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025 dataset.

From DGIdb Drug Targets 2026

interacting proteins for the CALMODULIN drug from theDGIdb Drug Targets 2026 dataset.