Harmonizome 3.0

superoxide dismutase 1, soluble pseudogene 3

superoxide dismutase 2, mitochondrial pseudogene 1

superoxide dismutase 2, mitochondrial

This gene is a member of the iron/manganese superoxide dismutase family. It encodes a mitochondrial protein that forms a homotetramer and binds one manganese ion per subunit. This protein binds to the superoxide byproducts of oxidative phosphorylation and converts them to hydrogen peroxide and diatomic oxygen. Mutations in this gene have been associated with idiopathic cardiomyopathy (IDC), premature aging, sporadic motor neuron disease, and cancer. Alternative splicing of this gene results in multiple transcript variants. A related pseudogene has been identified on chromosome 1. [provided by RefSeq, Apr 2016]

superoxide dismutase 3, extracellular

This gene encodes a member of the superoxide dismutase (SOD) protein family. SODs are antioxidant enzymes that catalyze the conversion of superoxide radicals into hydrogen peroxide and oxygen, which may protect the brain, lungs, and other tissues from oxidative stress. Proteolytic processing of the encoded protein results in the formation of two distinct homotetramers that differ in their ability to interact with the extracellular matrix (ECM). Homotetramers consisting of the intact protein, or type C subunit, exhibit high affinity for heparin and are anchored to the ECM. Homotetramers consisting of a proteolytically cleaved form of the protein, or type A subunit, exhibit low affinity for heparin and do not interact with the ECM. A mutation in this gene may be associated with increased heart disease risk. [provided by RefSeq, Oct 2015]

superoxide dismutase 1, soluble

The protein encoded by this gene binds copper and zinc ions and is one of two isozymes responsible for destroying free superoxide radicals in the body. The encoded isozyme is a soluble cytoplasmic protein, acting as a homodimer to convert naturally-occuring but harmful superoxide radicals to molecular oxygen and hydrogen peroxide. The other isozyme is a mitochondrial protein. In addition, this protein contains an antimicrobial peptide that displays antibacterial, antifungal, and anti-MRSA activity against E. coli, E. faecalis, S. aureus, S. aureus MRSA LPV+, S. agalactiae, and yeast C. krusei. Mutations in this gene have been implicated as causes of familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Rare transcript variants have been reported for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2020]

superoxide dismutase 1, soluble pseudogene 2

copper chaperone for superoxide dismutase

Copper chaperone for superoxide dismutase specifically delivers Cu to copper/zinc superoxide dismutase and may activate copper/zinc superoxide dismutase through direct insertion of the Cu cofactor. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2015

genes participating in the removal of superoxide radicals biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2015 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2023

genes participating in the removal of superoxide radicals biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2023 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2025

genes participating in the removal of superoxide radicals biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2025 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2015

genes participating in the regulation of removal of superoxide radicals biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2015 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2023

genes participating in the regulation of removal of superoxide radicals biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2023 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2025

genes participating in the regulation of removal of superoxide radicals biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2025 dataset.

From GO Molecular Function Annotations 2015

genes performing the oxidoreductase activity, acting on superoxide radicals as acceptor molecular function from the curated GO Molecular Function Annotations 2015 dataset.

From HumanCyc Pathways

proteins participating in the superoxide radicals degradation pathway from the HumanCyc Pathways dataset.

From CTD Gene-Chemical Interactions

genes/proteins interacting with the chemical Free Radicals from the curated CTD Gene-Chemical Interactions dataset.

From GeneRIF Biological Term Annotations

genes co-occuring with the biological term radicals in literature-supported statements describing functions of genes from the GeneRIF Biological Term Annotations dataset.

From GeneRIF Biological Term Annotations

genes co-occuring with the biological term removal in literature-supported statements describing functions of genes from the GeneRIF Biological Term Annotations dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2015

genes participating in the removal of rna primer involved in mitotic dna replication biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2015 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2015

genes participating in the trna 5'-leader removal biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2015 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2015

genes participating in the negative regulation of protein modification by small protein conjugation or removal biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2015 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2015

genes participating in the dna replication, removal of rna primer biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2015 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2015

genes participating in the positive regulation of protein modification by small protein conjugation or removal biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2015 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2015

genes participating in the regulation of protein modification by small protein conjugation or removal biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2015 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2015

genes participating in the protein modification by small protein removal biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2015 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2015

genes participating in the protein initiator methionine removal biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2015 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2015

genes participating in the nucleotide-excision repair, dna damage removal biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2015 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2015

genes participating in the protein modification by small protein conjugation or removal biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2015 dataset.

From HumanCyc Pathways

proteins participating in the glutamate removal from folates pathway from the HumanCyc Pathways dataset.

From Reactome Pathways 2014

proteins participating in the Removal of licensing factors from origins pathway from the Reactome Pathways dataset.

From Reactome Pathways 2014

proteins participating in the Orc1 removal from chromatin pathway from the Reactome Pathways dataset.

From Reactome Pathways 2014

proteins participating in the Base-free sugar-phosphate removal via the single-nucleotide replacement pathway pathway from the Reactome Pathways dataset.

From Reactome Pathways 2014

proteins participating in the Removal of aminoterminal propeptides from gamma-carboxylated proteins pathway from the Reactome Pathways dataset.

From Reactome Pathways 2014

proteins participating in the CDK-mediated phosphorylation and removal of Cdc6 pathway from the Reactome Pathways dataset.

From Reactome Pathways 2014

proteins participating in the Removal of the Flap Intermediate pathway from the Reactome Pathways dataset.

From Reactome Pathways 2014

proteins participating in the Removal of the Flap Intermediate from the C-strand pathway from the Reactome Pathways dataset.

From Reactome Pathways 2014

proteins participating in the Removal of DNA patch containing abasic residue pathway from the Reactome Pathways dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2023

genes participating in the tRNA 5'-leader removal biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2023 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2023

genes participating in the base-excision repair, AP site formation via deaminated base removal biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2023 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2023

genes participating in the DNA replication, removal of RNA primer biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2023 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2023

genes participating in the protein initiator methionine removal involved in protein maturation biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2023 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2023

genes participating in the protein deglycation, methylglyoxal removal biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2023 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2023

genes participating in the protein deglycation, glyoxal removal biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2023 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2023

genes participating in the guanine deglycation, methylglyoxal removal biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2023 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2023

genes participating in the guanine deglycation, glyoxal removal biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2023 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2023

genes participating in the protein modification by small protein removal biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2023 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2023

genes participating in the regulation of protein modification by small protein conjugation or removal biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2023 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2023

genes participating in the positive regulation of protein modification by small protein conjugation or removal biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2023 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2023

genes participating in the negative regulation of protein modification by small protein conjugation or removal biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2023 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2023

genes participating in the protein modification by small protein conjugation or removal biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2023 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2023

genes participating in the protein initiator methionine removal biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2023 dataset.

From Reactome Pathways 2024

proteins participating in the Abasic sugar-phosphate removal via the single-nucleotide replacement pathway pathway from the Reactome Pathways 2024 dataset.

From Reactome Pathways 2024

proteins participating in the CDK-mediated phosphorylation and removal of Cdc6 pathway from the Reactome Pathways 2024 dataset.

From Reactome Pathways 2024

proteins participating in the Orc1 removal from chromatin pathway from the Reactome Pathways 2024 dataset.

From Reactome Pathways 2024

proteins participating in the Removal of aminoterminal propeptides from gamma-carboxylated proteins pathway from the Reactome Pathways 2024 dataset.

From Reactome Pathways 2024

proteins participating in the Removal of the Flap Intermediate pathway from the Reactome Pathways 2024 dataset.

From Reactome Pathways 2024

proteins participating in the Removal of the Flap Intermediate from the C-strand pathway from the Reactome Pathways 2024 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2025

genes participating in the tRNA 5'-leader removal biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2025 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2025

genes participating in the base-excision repair, AP site formation via deaminated base removal biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2025 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2025

genes participating in the DNA replication, removal of RNA primer biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2025 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2025

genes participating in the guanine deglycation, methylglyoxal removal biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2025 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2025

genes participating in the guanine deglycation, glyoxal removal biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2025 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2025

genes participating in the protein modification by small protein removal biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2025 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2025

genes participating in the regulation of protein modification by small protein conjugation or removal biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2025 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2025

genes participating in the positive regulation of protein modification by small protein conjugation or removal biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2025 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2025

genes participating in the negative regulation of protein modification by small protein conjugation or removal biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2025 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2025

genes participating in the protein modification by small protein conjugation or removal biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2025 dataset.

From ClinVar Gene-Phenotype Associations

genes associated with the Superoxide dismutase, elevated extracellular phenotype from the curated ClinVar Gene-Phenotype Associations dataset.

From CTD Gene-Chemical Interactions

genes/proteins interacting with the chemical polyethylene glycol-superoxide dismutase from the curated CTD Gene-Chemical Interactions dataset.

From GeneRIF Biological Term Annotations

genes co-occuring with the biological term superoxide in literature-supported statements describing functions of genes from the GeneRIF Biological Term Annotations dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2015

genes participating in the regulation of superoxide dismutase activity biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2015 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2015

genes participating in the superoxide metabolic process biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2015 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2015

genes participating in the positive regulation of superoxide dismutase activity biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2015 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2015

genes participating in the positive regulation of superoxide anion generation biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2015 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2015

genes participating in the cellular response to superoxide biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2015 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2015

genes participating in the response to superoxide biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2015 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2015

genes participating in the superoxide anion generation biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2015 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2015

genes participating in the negative regulation of superoxide anion generation biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2015 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2015

genes participating in the regulation of superoxide metabolic process biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2015 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2015

genes participating in the regulation of superoxide anion generation biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2015 dataset.

From GO Molecular Function Annotations 2015

genes performing the superoxide-generating nadph oxidase activity molecular function from the curated GO Molecular Function Annotations 2015 dataset.

From GO Molecular Function Annotations 2015

genes performing the superoxide-generating nadph oxidase activator activity molecular function from the curated GO Molecular Function Annotations 2015 dataset.

From GO Molecular Function Annotations 2015

genes performing the superoxide dismutase copper chaperone activity molecular function from the curated GO Molecular Function Annotations 2015 dataset.

From GO Molecular Function Annotations 2015

genes performing the superoxide dismutase activity molecular function from the curated GO Molecular Function Annotations 2015 dataset.

From HMDB Metabolites of Enzymes

interacting proteins for the Superoxide metabolite from the curated HMDB Metabolites of Enzymes dataset.

From HPO Gene-Disease Associations

genes associated with the abnormality of superoxide metabolism phenotype by mapping known disease genes to disease phenotypes from the HPO Gene-Disease Associations dataset.

From InterPro Predicted Protein Domain Annotations

proteins predicted to have the Manganese/iron superoxide dismutase protein domain from the InterPro Predicted Protein Domain Annotations dataset.

From InterPro Predicted Protein Domain Annotations

proteins predicted to have the Manganese/iron superoxide dismutase, binding site protein domain from the InterPro Predicted Protein Domain Annotations dataset.

From InterPro Predicted Protein Domain Annotations

proteins predicted to have the Superoxide dismutase, copper/zinc, binding site protein domain from the InterPro Predicted Protein Domain Annotations dataset.

From InterPro Predicted Protein Domain Annotations

proteins predicted to have the Superoxide dismutase, copper/zinc binding domain protein domain from the InterPro Predicted Protein Domain Annotations dataset.

From InterPro Predicted Protein Domain Annotations

proteins predicted to have the Superoxide dismutase (Cu/Zn), extracellular protein domain from the InterPro Predicted Protein Domain Annotations dataset.

From InterPro Predicted Protein Domain Annotations

proteins predicted to have the Manganese/iron superoxide dismutase, C-terminal protein domain from the InterPro Predicted Protein Domain Annotations dataset.

From InterPro Predicted Protein Domain Annotations

proteins predicted to have the Manganese/iron superoxide dismutase, N-terminal protein domain from the InterPro Predicted Protein Domain Annotations dataset.

From OMIM Gene-Disease Associations

genes associated with the [superoxide dismutase, elevated extracellular] phenotype from the curated OMIM Gene-Disease Associations dataset.

From DisGeNET Gene-Phenotype Associations

genes associated with the phenotype Superoxide Dismutase, Elevated Extracellular in GWAS and other genetic association datasets from the DisGeNET Gene-Phenotype Associations dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2023

genes participating in the superoxide metabolic process biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2023 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2023

genes participating in the positive regulation of superoxide anion generation biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2023 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2023

genes participating in the response to superoxide biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2023 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2023

genes participating in the positive regulation of superoxide dismutase activity biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2023 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2023

genes participating in the superoxide anion generation biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2023 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2023

genes participating in the regulation of superoxide anion generation biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2023 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2023

genes participating in the regulation of superoxide metabolic process biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2023 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2023

genes participating in the regulation of superoxide dismutase activity biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2023 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2023

genes participating in the cellular response to superoxide biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2023 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2023

genes participating in the negative regulation of superoxide anion generation biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2023 dataset.

From GO Molecular Function Annotations 2023

genes performing the superoxide-generating NADPH oxidase activator activity molecular function from the curated GO Molecular Function Annotations 2023 dataset.

From GO Molecular Function Annotations 2023

genes performing the superoxide-generating NAD(P)H oxidase activity molecular function from the curated GO Molecular Function Annotations 2023 dataset.

From GO Molecular Function Annotations 2023

genes performing the superoxide dismutase copper chaperone activity molecular function from the curated GO Molecular Function Annotations 2023 dataset.

From MGI Mouse Phenotype Associations 2023

gene mutations causing the increased superoxide dismutase level phenotype in transgenic mice from the MGI Mouse Phenotype Associations 2023 dataset.

From MGI Mouse Phenotype Associations 2023

gene mutations causing the decreased superoxide dismutase level phenotype in transgenic mice from the MGI Mouse Phenotype Associations 2023 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2025

genes participating in the superoxide metabolic process biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2025 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2025

genes participating in the positive regulation of superoxide anion generation biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2025 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2025

genes participating in the response to superoxide biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2025 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2025

genes participating in the superoxide anion generation biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2025 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2025

genes participating in the regulation of superoxide metabolic process biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2025 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2025

genes participating in the regulation of superoxide anion generation biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2025 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2025

genes participating in the regulation of superoxide dismutase activity biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2025 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2025

genes participating in the positive regulation of superoxide dismutase activity biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2025 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2025

genes participating in the cellular response to superoxide biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2025 dataset.

From GO Molecular Function Annotations 2025

genes performing the superoxide-generating NADPH oxidase activator activity molecular function from the curated GO Molecular Function Annotations 2025 dataset.

From GO Molecular Function Annotations 2025

genes performing the superoxide-generating NAD(P)H oxidase activity molecular function from the curated GO Molecular Function Annotations 2025 dataset.

From GO Molecular Function Annotations 2025

genes performing the superoxide-generating NADPH oxidase activity molecular function from the curated GO Molecular Function Annotations 2025 dataset.

From GO Molecular Function Annotations 2025

genes performing the superoxide dismutase copper chaperone activity molecular function from the curated GO Molecular Function Annotations 2025 dataset.

From COMPARTMENTS Text-mining Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025

proteins co-occuring with the Superoxide dismutase complex cellular component in abstracts of biomedical publications from the COMPARTMENTS Text-mining Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025 dataset.

From COMPARTMENTS Text-mining Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025

proteins co-occuring with the Superoxide dismutase copper chaperone complex cellular component in abstracts of biomedical publications from the COMPARTMENTS Text-mining Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025 dataset.