Harmonizome 3.0

macrophage migration inhibitory factor (glycosylation-inhibiting factor)

This gene encodes a lymphokine involved in cell-mediated immunity, immunoregulation, and inflammation. It plays a role in the regulation of macrophage function in host defense through the suppression of anti-inflammatory effects of glucocorticoids. This lymphokine and the JAB1 protein form a complex in the cytosol near the peripheral plasma membrane, which may indicate an additional role in integrin signaling pathways. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

migration and invasion inhibitory protein

This gene encodes a protein that interacts with the oncogene protein insulin-like growth factor binding protein 2 and may function as an inhibitor of cell migration and invasion. This protein also interacts with the cell division protein 20 and may be involved in regulating mitotic progression. This protein may function as a tumor suppressor by inhibiting the growth or certain cancers. [provided by RefSeq, Sep 2011]

neutrophil migration

downregulated RNA in cancer, inhibitor of cell invasion and migration

cell migration inducing protein, hyaluronan binding

Enables several functions, including clathrin heavy chain binding activity; hyaluronic acid binding activity; and hyalurononglucosaminidase activity. Involved in several processes, including hyaluronan catabolic process; positive regulation of protein phosphorylation; and positive regulation of protein targeting to membrane. Located in several cellular components, including clathrin-coated endocytic vesicle; endoplasmic reticulum; and nucleus. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

migration and invasion enhancer 1

Involved in negative regulation of apoptotic process; positive regulation of cell migration; and positive regulation of filopodium assembly. Located in cytoplasmic side of plasma membrane and cytosol. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

NMDA receptor synaptonuclear signaling and neuronal migration factor

The protein encoded by this gene is involved in guidance of olfactory axon projections and migration of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone neurons. Defects in this gene are a cause of idiopathic hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (IHH). Several transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, May 2010]

smooth muscle and endothelial cell enriched migration/differentiation-associated long non-coding RNA

cell migration inducing hyaluronidase 2

This gene encodes a type II transmembrane protein that belongs to the interferon-induced transmembrane (IFITM) protein superfamily. The encoded protein functions as a cell surface hyaluronidase that cleaves extracellular high molecular weight hyaluronan into intermediate size fragments before internalization and degradation in the lysosome. It also has an interferon-mediated antiviral function in humans through activation of the JAK STAT signaling pathway. The activation of this gene by transcription factor SOX4 in breast cancer cells has been shown to mediate the pathological effects of SOX4 on cancer progression. Naturally occurring mutations in this gene are associated with autosomal recessive non-syndromic hearing loss. [provided by RefSeq, Mar 2017]

neurite extension and migration factor

An inversion on the X chromosome which disrupts this gene and a G-protein coupled purinergic receptor gene located in the pseudoautosomal region of the X chromosome has been linked to X linked cognitive disability.[provided by RefSeq, Mar 2009]

macrophage receptor with collagenous structure

The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the class A scavenger receptor family and is part of the innate antimicrobial immune system. The protein may bind both Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria via an extracellular, C-terminal, scavenger receptor cysteine-rich (SRCR) domain. In addition to short cytoplasmic and transmembrane domains, there is an extracellular spacer domain and a long, extracellular collagenous domain. The protein may form a trimeric molecule by the association of the collagenous domains of three identical polypeptide chains. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

cannabinoid receptor 2 (macrophage)

The cannabinoid delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol is the principal psychoactive ingredient of marijuana. The proteins encoded by this gene and the cannabinoid receptor 1 (brain) (CNR1) gene have the characteristics of a guanine nucleotide-binding protein (G-protein)-coupled receptor for cannabinoids. They inhibit adenylate cyclase activity in a dose-dependent, stereoselective, and pertussis toxin-sensitive manner. These proteins have been found to be involved in the cannabinoid-induced CNS effects (including alterations in mood and cognition) experienced by users of marijuana. The cannabinoid receptors are members of family 1 of the G-protein-coupled receptors. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

macrophage scavenger receptor 1

This gene encodes the class A macrophage scavenger receptors, which include three different types (1, 2, 3) generated by alternative splicing of this gene. These receptors or isoforms are macrophage-specific trimeric integral membrane glycoproteins and have been implicated in many macrophage-associated physiological and pathological processes including atherosclerosis, Alzheimer's disease, and host defense. The isoforms type 1 and type 2 are functional receptors and are able to mediate the endocytosis of modified low density lipoproteins (LDLs). The isoform type 3 does not internalize modified LDL (acetyl-LDL) despite having the domain shown to mediate this function in the types 1 and 2 isoforms. It has an altered intracellular processing and is trapped within the endoplasmic reticulum, making it unable to perform endocytosis. The isoform type 3 can inhibit the function of isoforms type 1 and type 2 when co-expressed, indicating a dominant negative effect and suggesting a mechanism for regulation of scavenger receptor activity in macrophages. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

colony stimulating factor 2 receptor, beta, low-affinity (granulocyte-macrophage)

The protein encoded by this gene is the common beta chain of the high affinity receptor for IL-3, IL-5 and CSF. Defects in this gene have been reported to be associated with protein alveolar proteinosis (PAP). [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

colony stimulating factor 2 receptor, alpha, low-affinity (granulocyte-macrophage)

The protein encoded by this gene is the alpha subunit of the heterodimeric receptor for colony stimulating factor 2, a cytokine which controls the production, differentiation, and function of granulocytes and macrophages. The encoded protein is a member of the cytokine family of receptors. This gene is found in the pseudoautosomal region (PAR) of the X and Y chromosomes. Multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene, with some of the isoforms being membrane-bound and others being soluble. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

macrophage stimulating 1 (hepatocyte growth factor-like) pseudogene 2

monocyte to macrophage differentiation-associated

This protein is expressed by in vitro differentiated macrophages but not freshly isolated monocytes. Although sequence analysis identifies seven potential transmembrane domains, this protein has little homology to G-protein receptors and it has not been positively identified as a receptor. A suggested alternative function is that of an ion channel protein in maturing macrophages. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

macrophage erythroblast attacher

This gene encodes a protein that mediates the attachment of erythroblasts to macrophages. This attachment promotes terminal maturation and enucleation of erythroblasts, presumably by suppressing apoptosis. The encoded protein is an integral membrane protein with the N-terminus on the extracellular side and the C-terminus on the cytoplasmic side of the cell. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2014]

macrophage stimulating 1

The protein encoded by this gene contains four kringle domains and a serine protease domain, similar to that found in hepatic growth factor. Despite the presence of the serine protease domain, the encoded protein may not have any proteolytic activity. The receptor for this protein is RON tyrosine kinase, which upon activation stimulates ciliary motility of ciliated epithelial lung cells. This protein is secreted and cleaved to form an alpha chain and a beta chain bridged by disulfide bonds. [provided by RefSeq, Jan 2010]

macrophage stimulating 1 receptor

This gene encodes a cell surface receptor for macrophage-stimulating protein (MSP) with tyrosine kinase activity. The mature form of this protein is a heterodimer of disulfide-linked alpha and beta subunits, generated by proteolytic cleavage of a single-chain precursor. The beta subunit undergoes tyrosine phosphorylation upon stimulation by MSP. This protein is expressed on the ciliated epithelia of the mucociliary transport apparatus of the lung, and together with MSP, thought to be involved in host defense. Alternative splicing generates multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms that may undergo similar proteolytic processing. [provided by RefSeq, Jan 2016]

macrophage stimulating 1-like

Predicted to enable receptor tyrosine kinase binding activity. Predicted to be involved in regulation of receptor signaling pathway via JAK-STAT. Predicted to be located in extracellular region. Predicted to be active in extracellular space. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

macrophage receptor MARCO-like

Predicted to be an extracellular matrix structural constituent conferring tensile strength. Predicted to be involved in extracellular matrix organization. Predicted to be active in collagen-containing extracellular matrix and extracellular space. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

matrix metallopeptidase 12 (macrophage elastase) pseudogene

macrophage expressed 1 pseudogene

macrophage expressed 1

Enables wide pore channel activity. Involved in defense response to Gram-negative bacterium and defense response to Gram-positive bacterium. Located in cytoplasmic vesicle. Is active in phagolysosome membrane. Implicated in primary immunodeficiency disease. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

colony stimulating factor 2 receptor, beta, low-affinity (granulocyte-macrophage) pseudogene 1

macrophage mannose receptor 1-like

monocyte to macrophage differentiation-associated 2

This gene encodes a member of the PAQR (progestin and adipoQ receptor) family. Members of this family are evolutionarily conserved with significant sequence identity to bacterial hemolysin-like proteins and are defined by a set of seven transmembrane domains. The protein encoded by this gene localizes to the Golgi apparatus to modulate Ras signaling. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants and protein isoforms. [provided by RefSeq, Jun 2012]

colony stimulating factor 1 (macrophage)

The protein encoded by this gene is a cytokine that controls the production, differentiation, and function of macrophages. The active form of the protein is found extracellularly as a disulfide-linked homodimer, and is thought to be produced by proteolytic cleavage of membrane-bound precursors. The encoded protein may be involved in development of the placenta. Alternate splicing results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Sep 2011]

colony stimulating factor 2 (granulocyte-macrophage)

The protein encoded by this gene is a cytokine that controls the production, differentiation, and function of granulocytes and macrophages. The active form of the protein is found extracellularly as a homodimer. This gene has been localized to a cluster of related genes at chromosome region 5q31, which is known to be associated with interstitial deletions in the 5q- syndrome and acute myelogenous leukemia. Other genes in the cluster include those encoding interleukins 4, 5, and 13. This gene plays a role in promoting tissue inflammation. Elevated levels of cytokines, including the one produced by this gene, have been detected in SARS-CoV-2 infected patients that develop acute respiratory distress syndrome. Mice deficient in this gene or its receptor develop pulmonary alveolar proteinosis. [provided by RefSeq, Aug 2020]

macrophage mannose receptor 1-like

macrophage immunometabolism regulator

This gene, MACIR (previously known as C5orf30), has been associated with rheumatoid arthritis, functioning as a negative regulator of tissue damage and modulating the activity of synovial fibroblasts and macrophages. The encoded protein is highly conserved in vertebrate genomes but has no significant similarity to any other human protein. [provided by RefSeq, Dec 2019]

macrophage interferon regulatory lncRNA

plaque enriched lncRNA in atherosclerotic and inflammatory bowel macrophage regulation

leukemia inhibitory factor

The protein encoded by this gene is a pleiotropic cytokine with roles in several different systems. It is involved in the induction of hematopoietic differentiation in normal and myeloid leukemia cells, induction of neuronal cell differentiation, regulator of mesenchymal to epithelial conversion during kidney development, and may also have a role in immune tolerance at the maternal-fetal interface. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding multiple isoforms have been observed for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Mar 2012]

Fas apoptotic inhibitory molecule 2

Predicted to enable calcium channel activity. Involved in regulation of neuron apoptotic process. Acts upstream of or within negative regulation of extrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway via death domain receptors. Located in Golgi membrane and membrane raft. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

WNT inhibitory factor 1

The protein encoded by this gene functions to inhibit WNT proteins, which are extracellular signaling molecules that play a role in embryonic development. This protein contains a WNT inhibitory factor (WIF) domain and five epidermal growth factor (EGF)-like domains, and is thought to be involved in mesoderm segmentation. This gene functions as a tumor suppressor gene, and has been found to be epigenetically silenced in various cancers. [provided by RefSeq, Jun 2010]

melanoma inhibitory activity family, member 3

Enables cargo receptor activity. Involved in several processes, including COPII-coated vesicle cargo loading; cell migration involved in sprouting angiogenesis; and regulation of leukocyte migration. Located in endoplasmic reticulum exit site and endoplasmic reticulum membrane. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

ATPase inhibitory factor 1

Enables several functions, including ATPase binding activity; angiostatin binding activity; and mitochondrial proton-transporting ATP synthase complex binding activity. Involved in several processes, including mitochondrial depolarization; negative regulation of endothelial cell proliferation; and positive regulation of metabolic process. Located in cell surface and mitochondrion. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

dorsal inhibitory axon guidance protein pseudogene 1

NLR family, apoptosis inhibitory protein pseudogene

melanoma inhibitory activity 2

This gene encodes s receptor in the endoplasmic reticulum, which plays a role in the export of large pre-chylomicrons and pre-very low density lipoproteins (pre-VLDLs). Three major classes of transcripts are generated from this gene- melanoma inhibitory activity 2-specific transcripts, cTAGE family member 5-specific transcripts and transcripts that include exons from both these transcript species (TANGO1-like or TALI). Additionally, alternative splicing in these transcripts results in multiple transcript variants encoding multiple isoforms. [provided by RefSeq, Sep 2016]

NLR family, apoptosis inhibitory protein pseudogene

gastric inhibitory polypeptide

This gene encodes an incretin hormone and belongs to the glucagon superfamily. The encoded protein is important in maintaining glucose homeostasis as it is a potent stimulator of insulin secretion from pancreatic beta-cells following food ingestion and nutrient absorption. This gene stimulates insulin secretion via its G protein-coupled receptor activation of adenylyl cyclase and other signal transduction pathways. It is a relatively poor inhibitor of gastric acid secretion. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

NLR family, apoptosis inhibitory protein pseudogene

dorsal inhibitory axon guidance protein

Enables molecular adaptor activity. Predicted to be involved in negative regulation of canonical Wnt signaling pathway and nervous system development. Predicted to act upstream of or within negative regulation of axon extension and negative regulation of hippocampal neuron apoptotic process. Predicted to be active in extracellular region. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

melanoma inhibitory activity

Predicted to enable growth factor activity. Predicted to be involved in extracellular matrix organization. Predicted to act upstream of or within cell-matrix adhesion. Predicted to be located in extracellular space. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

NLR family, apoptosis inhibitory protein

This gene is part of a 500 kb inverted duplication on chromosome 5q13. This duplicated region contains at least four genes and repetitive elements which make it prone to rearrangements and deletions. The repetitiveness and complexity of the sequence have also caused difficulty in determining the organization of this genomic region. This copy of the gene is full length; additional copies with truncations and internal deletions are also present in this region of chromosome 5q13. It is thought that this gene is a modifier of spinal muscular atrophy caused by mutations in a neighboring gene, SMN1. The protein encoded by this gene contains regions of homology to two baculovirus inhibitor of apoptosis proteins, and it is able to suppress apoptosis induced by various signals. Alternative splicing and the use of alternative promoters results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Nov 2016]

MAP3K12 binding inhibitory protein 1

Enables identical protein binding activity and protein kinase inhibitor activity. Involved in several processes, including positive regulation of JNK cascade; regulation of cell division; and regulation of macromolecule metabolic process. Located in cytosol; nucleolus; and nucleoplasm. Part of ATAC complex. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

leukemia inhibitory factor receptor alpha

This gene encodes a protein that belongs to the type I cytokine receptor family. This protein combines with a high-affinity converter subunit, gp130, to form a receptor complex that mediates the action of the leukemia inhibitory factor, a polyfunctional cytokine that is involved in cellular differentiation, proliferation and survival in the adult and the embryo. Mutations in this gene cause Schwartz-Jampel syndrome type 2, a disease belonging to the group of the bent-bone dysplasias. A translocation that involves the promoter of this gene, t(5;8)(p13;q12) with the pleiomorphic adenoma gene 1, is associated with salivary gland pleiomorphic adenoma, a common type of benign epithelial tumor of the salivary gland. Multiple splice variants encoding two different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Jun 2018]

gastric inhibitory polypeptide receptor

This gene encodes a G-protein coupled receptor for gastric inhibitory polypeptide (GIP), which was originally identified as an activity in gut extracts that inhibited gastric acid secretion and gastrin release, but subsequently was demonstrated to stimulate insulin release in the presence of elevated glucose. Mice lacking this gene exhibit higher blood glucose levels with impaired initial insulin response after oral glucose load. Defect in this gene thus may contribute to the pathogenesis of diabetes. [provided by RefSeq, Oct 2011]

Fas apoptotic inhibitory molecule

The protein encoded by this gene protects against death receptor-triggered apoptosis and regulates B-cell signaling and differentiation. Several transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2011]

NLR family, apoptosis inhibitory protein pseudogene

ATP synthase inhibitory factor subunit 1

Enables several functions, including ATPase binding activity; angiostatin binding activity; and mitochondrial proton-transporting ATP synthase complex binding activity. Involved in several processes, including mitochondrial depolarization; negative regulation of endothelial cell proliferation; and positive regulation of metabolic process. Located in cell surface and mitochondrion. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

inhibitory synaptic factor 2A

Predicted to be involved in inhibitory postsynaptic potential. Predicted to be located in synapse. Predicted to be active in GABA-ergic synapse and postsynaptic density. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

megakaryocyte and platelet inhibitory receptor G6b

This gene is a member of the immunoglobulin (Ig) superfamily and is located in the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class III region. The protein encoded by this gene is a glycosylated, plasma membrane-bound cell surface receptor, but soluble isoforms encoded by some transcript variants have been found in the endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi before being secreted. Multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

inhibitory synaptic factor family member 2B

Predicted to be involved in inhibitory postsynaptic potential. Predicted to be active in postsynaptic density. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

EZH inhibitory protein

Enables histone methyltransferase inhibitor activity. Involved in epigenetic regulation of gene expression. Located in cytosol and nucleoplasm. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

inhibitory synaptic factor 1

Predicted to be involved in inhibitory postsynaptic potential. Predicted to be located in synapse. Predicted to be active in GABA-ergic synapse and postsynaptic density. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

stem cell inhibitory RNA transcript