Harmonizome 3.0

choline kinase alpha

The major pathway for the biosynthesis of phosphatidylcholine occurs via the CDP-choline pathway. The protein encoded by this gene is the initial enzyme in the sequence and may play a regulatory role. The encoded protein also catalyzes the phosphorylation of ethanolamine. Two transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

choline kinase beta

Choline kinase (CK) and ethanolamine kinase (EK) catalyze the phosphorylation of choline/ethanolamine to phosphocholine/phosphoethanolamine. This is the first enzyme in the biosynthesis of phosphatidylcholine/phosphatidylethanolamine in all animal cells. The highly purified CKs from mammalian sources and their recombinant gene products have been shown to have EK activity also, indicating that both activities reside on the same protein. The choline kinase-like protein encoded by CHKL belongs to the choline/ethanolamine kinase family; however, its exact function is not known. Read-through transcripts are expressed from this locus that include exons from the downstream CPT1B locus. [provided by RefSeq, Jun 2009]

phosphate cytidylyltransferase 1, choline, alpha

This gene belongs to the cytidylyltransferase family and is involved in the regulation of phosphatidylcholine biosynthesis. Mutations in this gene are associated with spondylometaphyseal dysplasia with cone-rod dystrophy. Alternatively spliced transcript variants have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Aug 2015]

phosphate cytidylyltransferase 1, choline, beta

The protein encoded by this gene belongs to the cytidylyltransferase family. It is involved in the regulation of phosphatidylcholine biosynthesis. Several alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Sep 2009]

choline O-acetyltransferase

This gene encodes an enzyme which catalyzes the biosynthesis of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine. This gene product is a characteristic feature of cholinergic neurons, and changes in these neurons may explain some of the symptoms of Alzheimer's disease. Polymorphisms in this gene have been associated with Alzheimer's disease and mild cognitive impairment. Mutations in this gene are associated with congenital myasthenic syndrome associated with episodic apnea. Multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene, and some of these variants have been shown to encode more than one isoform. [provided by RefSeq, May 2010]

choline phosphotransferase 1

Enables diacylglycerol cholinephosphotransferase activity. Involved in phosphatidylcholine biosynthetic process and platelet activating factor biosynthetic process. Is active in Golgi membrane. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

choline dehydrogenase

The protein encoded by this gene is a choline dehydrogenase that localizes to the mitochondrion. Variations in this gene can affect susceptibility to choline deficiency. A few transcript variants have been found for this gene, but the full-length nature of only one has been characterized to date. [provided by RefSeq, Dec 2010]

solute carrier family 44 (choline transporter), member 1

Enables choline transmembrane transporter activity and ethanolamine transmembrane transporter activity. Involved in choline transport; ethanolamine transport; and transmembrane transport. Located in several cellular components, including cytosol; mitochondrial outer membrane; and nucleoplasm. Implicated in high grade glioma. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

solute carrier family 44 (choline transporter), member 2

Enables choline transmembrane transporter activity and ethanolamine transmembrane transporter activity. Involved in choline transport; ethanolamine transport; and transmembrane transport. Located in mitochondrial outer membrane and plasma membrane. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

choline/ethanolamine phosphotransferase 1

This gene codes for a choline/ethanolaminephosphotransferase, which functions in the synthesis of choline- or ethanolamine- containing phospholipids. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Aug 2016]

solute carrier family 5 (sodium/choline cotransporter), member 7

This gene encodes a sodium ion- and chloride ion-dependent high-affinity transporter that mediates choline uptake for acetylcholine synthesis in cholinergic neurons. The protein transports choline from the extracellular space into presynaptic terminals for synthesis into acetylcholine. Increased choline uptake results from increased density of this protein in synaptosomal plasma membranes in response to depolarization of cholinergic terminals. Dysfunction of cholinergic signaling has been implicated in various disorders including depression, attention-deficit disorder, and schizophrenia. An allelic variant of this gene is associated with autosomal dominant distal hereditary motor neuronopathy type VIIA. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2015]

From DGIdb Drug Targets 2026

interacting proteins for the CHOLINE FENOFIBRATE drug from theDGIdb Drug Targets 2026 dataset.

From CMAP Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Small Molecules

genes differentially expressed following the fenofibrate-7432 small molecule perturbation from the CMAP Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Small Molecules dataset.

From CMAP Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Small Molecules

genes differentially expressed following the fenofibrate-2401 small molecule perturbation from the CMAP Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Small Molecules dataset.

From CMAP Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Small Molecules

genes differentially expressed following the fenofibrate-7474 small molecule perturbation from the CMAP Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Small Molecules dataset.

From CTD Gene-Chemical Interactions

genes/proteins interacting with the chemical Fenofibrate from the curated CTD Gene-Chemical Interactions dataset.

From DrugBank Drug Targets

interacting proteins for the Fenofibrate drug from the curated DrugBank Drug Targets dataset.

From GeneRIF Biological Term Annotations

genes co-occuring with the biological term fenofibrate in literature-supported statements describing functions of genes from the GeneRIF Biological Term Annotations dataset.

From Guide to Pharmacology Chemical Ligands of Receptors

receptors of the fenofibrate ligand (chemical) from the curated Guide to Pharmacology Chemical Ligands of Receptors dataset.

From GWAS Catalog SNP-Phenotype Associations

genes associated with the Response to fenofibrate (adiponectin levels) phenotype in GWAS datasets from the GWAS Catalog SNP-Phenotype Associations dataset.

From GWAS Catalog SNP-Phenotype Associations

genes associated with the Response to fenofibrate phenotype in GWAS datasets from the GWAS Catalog SNP-Phenotype Associations dataset.

From HMDB Metabolites of Enzymes

interacting proteins for the Fenofibrate metabolite from the curated HMDB Metabolites of Enzymes dataset.

From DisGeNET Gene-Phenotype Associations

genes associated with the phenotype Response To Fenofibrate in GWAS and other genetic association datasets from the DisGeNET Gene-Phenotype Associations dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2023

genes participating in the response to fenofibrate biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2023 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2025

genes participating in the response to fenofibrate biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2025 dataset.

From GWAS Catalog SNP-Phenotype Associations 2025

genes associated with the Response to fenofibrate (LDL cholesterol levels) phenotype in GWAS datasets from the GWAS Catalog SNP-Phenotype Associations 2025 dataset.

From GWAS Catalog SNP-Phenotype Associations 2025

genes associated with the Response to fenofibrate (HDL cholesterol levels) phenotype in GWAS datasets from the GWAS Catalog SNP-Phenotype Associations 2025 dataset.

From GWAS Catalog SNP-Phenotype Associations 2025

genes associated with the Response to fenofibrate (total cholesterol levels) phenotype in GWAS datasets from the GWAS Catalog SNP-Phenotype Associations 2025 dataset.

From GWAS Catalog SNP-Phenotype Associations 2025

genes associated with the Response to fenofibrate (triglyceride levels) phenotype in GWAS datasets from the GWAS Catalog SNP-Phenotype Associations 2025 dataset.

From GWAS Catalog SNP-Phenotype Associations 2025

genes associated with the Triglyceride levels in response to fenofibrate treatment (parental genotype effect) phenotype in GWAS datasets from the GWAS Catalog SNP-Phenotype Associations 2025 dataset.

From GWAS Catalog SNP-Phenotype Associations 2025

genes associated with the Response to fenofibrate phenotype in GWAS datasets from the GWAS Catalog SNP-Phenotype Associations 2025 dataset.

From GWAS Catalog SNP-Phenotype Associations 2025

genes associated with the Response to fenofibrate (adiponectin levels) phenotype in GWAS datasets from the GWAS Catalog SNP-Phenotype Associations 2025 dataset.

From GWAS Catalog SNP-Phenotype Associations 2025

genes associated with the Total cholesterol change in response to fenofibrate in statin-treated type 2 diabetes phenotype in GWAS datasets from the GWAS Catalog SNP-Phenotype Associations 2025 dataset.

From GWAS Catalog SNP-Phenotype Associations 2025

genes associated with the HDL cholesterol change in response to fenofibrate in statin-treated type 2 diabetes phenotype in GWAS datasets from the GWAS Catalog SNP-Phenotype Associations 2025 dataset.

From GWAS Catalog SNP-Phenotype Associations 2025

genes associated with the LDL cholesterol change in response to fenofibrate in statin-treated type 2 diabetes phenotype in GWAS datasets from the GWAS Catalog SNP-Phenotype Associations 2025 dataset.

From GWAS Catalog SNP-Phenotype Associations 2025

genes associated with the Triglyceride change in response to fenofibrate in statin-treated type 2 diabetes phenotype in GWAS datasets from the GWAS Catalog SNP-Phenotype Associations 2025 dataset.

From DGIdb Drug Targets 2026

interacting proteins for the FENOFIBRATE MICRONIZED drug from theDGIdb Drug Targets 2026 dataset.

From CTD Gene-Chemical Interactions

genes/proteins interacting with the chemical Cytidine Diphosphate Choline from the curated CTD Gene-Chemical Interactions dataset.

From CTD Gene-Chemical Interactions

genes/proteins interacting with the chemical Choline from the curated CTD Gene-Chemical Interactions dataset.

From DISEASES Text-mining Gene-Disease Association Evidence Scores

genes co-occuring with the disease choline deficiency disease in abstracts of biomedical publications from the DISEASES Text-mining Gene-Disease Assocation Evidence Scores dataset.

From DrugBank Drug Targets

interacting proteins for the Choline drug from the curated DrugBank Drug Targets dataset.

From DrugBank Drug Targets

interacting proteins for the Trisalicylate-choline drug from the curated DrugBank Drug Targets dataset.

From GAD Gene-Disease Associations

genes associated with the disease choline deficiency; dna damage; folic acid deficiency in GWAS and other genetic association datasets from the GAD Gene-Disease Associations dataset.

From GAD Gene-Disease Associations

genes associated with the disease choline deficiency; fatty liver in GWAS and other genetic association datasets from the GAD Gene-Disease Associations dataset.

From GAD Gene-Disease Associations

genes associated with the disease choline deficiency in GWAS and other genetic association datasets from the GAD Gene-Disease Associations dataset.

From GeneRIF Biological Term Annotations

genes co-occuring with the biological term choline in literature-supported statements describing functions of genes from the GeneRIF Biological Term Annotations dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2015

genes participating in the choline transport biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2015 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2015

genes participating in the cdp-choline pathway biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2015 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2015

genes participating in the regulation of choline o-acetyltransferase activity biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2015 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2015

genes participating in the choline metabolic process biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2015 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2015

genes participating in the glycine betaine biosynthetic process from choline biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2015 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2015

genes participating in the positive regulation of choline o-acetyltransferase activity biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2015 dataset.

From GO Molecular Function Annotations 2015

genes performing the choline transmembrane transporter activity molecular function from the curated GO Molecular Function Annotations 2015 dataset.

From GO Molecular Function Annotations 2015

genes performing the choline o-acetyltransferase activity molecular function from the curated GO Molecular Function Annotations 2015 dataset.

From GO Molecular Function Annotations 2015

genes performing the choline:sodium symporter activity molecular function from the curated GO Molecular Function Annotations 2015 dataset.

From GO Molecular Function Annotations 2015

genes performing the choline kinase activity molecular function from the curated GO Molecular Function Annotations 2015 dataset.

From GO Molecular Function Annotations 2015

genes performing the choline dehydrogenase activity molecular function from the curated GO Molecular Function Annotations 2015 dataset.

From GO Molecular Function Annotations 2015

genes performing the choline binding molecular function from the curated GO Molecular Function Annotations 2015 dataset.

From GO Molecular Function Annotations 2015

genes performing the choline-phosphate cytidylyltransferase activity molecular function from the curated GO Molecular Function Annotations 2015 dataset.

From HMDB Metabolites of Enzymes

interacting proteins for the Trisalicylate-choline metabolite from the curated HMDB Metabolites of Enzymes dataset.

From HMDB Metabolites of Enzymes

interacting proteins for the Choline metabolite from the curated HMDB Metabolites of Enzymes dataset.

From HuGE Navigator Gene-Phenotype Associations

genes associated with the Choline Deficiency phenotype by text-mining GWAS publications from the HuGE Navigator Gene-Phenotype Associations dataset.

From HumanCyc Pathways

proteins participating in the superpathway of choline degradation to L-serine pathway from the HumanCyc Pathways dataset.

From HumanCyc Pathways

proteins participating in the choline degradation pathway from the HumanCyc Pathways dataset.

From InterPro Predicted Protein Domain Annotations

proteins predicted to have the Choline transporter-like protein domain from the InterPro Predicted Protein Domain Annotations dataset.

From InterPro Predicted Protein Domain Annotations

proteins predicted to have the Choline/ethanolamine phosphotransferase protein domain from the InterPro Predicted Protein Domain Annotations dataset.

From InterPro Predicted Protein Domain Annotations

proteins predicted to have the Glucose-methanol-choline oxidoreductase, C-terminal protein domain from the InterPro Predicted Protein Domain Annotations dataset.

From InterPro Predicted Protein Domain Annotations

proteins predicted to have the Glucose-methanol-choline oxidoreductase, N-terminal protein domain from the InterPro Predicted Protein Domain Annotations dataset.

From InterPro Predicted Protein Domain Annotations

proteins predicted to have the Glucose-methanol-choline oxidoreductase protein domain from the InterPro Predicted Protein Domain Annotations dataset.

From DisGeNET Gene-Disease Associations

genes associated with the disease Choline Deficiency in GWAS and other genetic association datasets from the DisGeNET Gene-Disease Associations dataset.

From DisGeNET Gene-Phenotype Associations

genes associated with the phenotype Elevated Brain Choline Level By Mrs in GWAS and other genetic association datasets from the DisGeNET Gene-Phenotype Associations dataset.

From DisGeNET Gene-Phenotype Associations

genes associated with the phenotype Reduced Brain Choline Level By Mrs in GWAS and other genetic association datasets from the DisGeNET Gene-Phenotype Associations dataset.

From DisGeNET Gene-Phenotype Associations

genes associated with the phenotype Abnormal Brain Choline Level By Mrs in GWAS and other genetic association datasets from the DisGeNET Gene-Phenotype Associations dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2023

genes participating in the choline transport biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2023 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2023

genes participating in the choline catabolic process biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2023 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2023

genes participating in the CDP-choline pathway biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2023 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2023

genes participating in the choline metabolic process biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2023 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2023

genes participating in the positive regulation of choline O-acetyltransferase activity biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2023 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2023

genes participating in the regulation of choline O-acetyltransferase activity biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2023 dataset.

From GO Molecular Function Annotations 2023

genes performing the choline transmembrane transporter activity molecular function from the curated GO Molecular Function Annotations 2023 dataset.

From GO Molecular Function Annotations 2023

genes performing the choline O-acetyltransferase activity molecular function from the curated GO Molecular Function Annotations 2023 dataset.

From GO Molecular Function Annotations 2023

genes performing the choline kinase activity molecular function from the curated GO Molecular Function Annotations 2023 dataset.

From GO Molecular Function Annotations 2023

genes performing the choline-phosphate cytidylyltransferase activity molecular function from the curated GO Molecular Function Annotations 2023 dataset.

From GO Molecular Function Annotations 2023

genes performing the choline dehydrogenase activity molecular function from the curated GO Molecular Function Annotations 2023 dataset.

From GO Molecular Function Annotations 2023

genes performing the choline:sodium symporter activity molecular function from the curated GO Molecular Function Annotations 2023 dataset.

From MGI Mouse Phenotype Associations 2023

gene mutations causing the decreased choline O-acetyltransferase activity phenotype in transgenic mice from the MGI Mouse Phenotype Associations 2023 dataset.

From MGI Mouse Phenotype Associations 2023

gene mutations causing the decreased brain choline acetyltransferase activity phenotype in transgenic mice from the MGI Mouse Phenotype Associations 2023 dataset.

From MGI Mouse Phenotype Associations 2023

gene mutations causing the decreased choline level phenotype in transgenic mice from the MGI Mouse Phenotype Associations 2023 dataset.

From MGI Mouse Phenotype Associations 2023

gene mutations causing the increased brain choline acetyltransferase activity phenotype in transgenic mice from the MGI Mouse Phenotype Associations 2023 dataset.

From MW Enzyme Metabolite Associations

interacting proteins for Choline metabolite from the MW Gene Metabolite Associations dataset.

From MW Enzyme Metabolite Associations

interacting proteins for Choline phosphate metabolite from the MW Gene Metabolite Associations dataset.

From LINCS L1000 CMAP Chemical Perturbation Consensus Signatures

genes differentially expressed following the choline small molecule perturbation from the LINCS L1000 CMAP Chemical Perturbation Consensus Signatures dataset.

From Reactome Pathways 2024

proteins participating in the Choline catabolism pathway from the Reactome Pathways 2024 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2025

genes participating in the choline transport biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2025 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2025

genes participating in the choline catabolic process biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2025 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2025

genes participating in the CDP-choline pathway biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2025 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2025

genes participating in the choline metabolic process biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2025 dataset.

From GO Molecular Function Annotations 2025

genes performing the choline transmembrane transporter activity molecular function from the curated GO Molecular Function Annotations 2025 dataset.

From GO Molecular Function Annotations 2025

genes performing the choline binding molecular function from the curated GO Molecular Function Annotations 2025 dataset.

From GO Molecular Function Annotations 2025

genes performing the choline O-acetyltransferase activity molecular function from the curated GO Molecular Function Annotations 2025 dataset.

From GO Molecular Function Annotations 2025

genes performing the choline kinase activity molecular function from the curated GO Molecular Function Annotations 2025 dataset.

From GO Molecular Function Annotations 2025

genes performing the choline-phosphate cytidylyltransferase activity molecular function from the curated GO Molecular Function Annotations 2025 dataset.

From GO Molecular Function Annotations 2025

genes performing the choline dehydrogenase activity molecular function from the curated GO Molecular Function Annotations 2025 dataset.

From GO Molecular Function Annotations 2025

genes performing the choline:sodium symporter activity molecular function from the curated GO Molecular Function Annotations 2025 dataset.

From DISEASES Text-mining Gene-Disease Association Evidence Scores 2025

genes co-occuring with the disease Choline deficiency disease in abstracts of biomedical publications from the DISEASES Text-mining Gene-Disease Assocation Evidence Scores 2025 dataset.

From KEGG Pathways 2026

proteins participating in the Choline metabolism in cancer pathway from the KEGG Pathways 2026 dataset.

From DGIdb Drug Targets 2026

interacting proteins for the DIAZOXIDE CHOLINE drug from theDGIdb Drug Targets 2026 dataset.

From DGIdb Drug Targets 2026

interacting proteins for the CHOLINE KINASE ALPHA INHIBITOR TCD-717 drug from theDGIdb Drug Targets 2026 dataset.

From DGIdb Drug Targets 2026

interacting proteins for the CHOLINE CHLORIDE drug from theDGIdb Drug Targets 2026 dataset.

From DGIdb Drug Targets 2026

interacting proteins for the LINZAGOLIX CHOLINE drug from theDGIdb Drug Targets 2026 dataset.

From DGIdb Drug Targets 2026

interacting proteins for the ELTROMBOPAG CHOLINE drug from theDGIdb Drug Targets 2026 dataset.