Harmonizome 3.0

endothelin 1

This gene encodes a preproprotein that is proteolytically processed to generate a secreted peptide that belongs to the endothelin/sarafotoxin family. This peptide is a potent vasoconstrictor and its cognate receptors are therapeutic targets in the treatment of pulmonary arterial hypertension. Aberrant expression of this gene may promote tumorigenesis. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Oct 2015]

endothelin 3

The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the endothelin family. Endothelins are endothelium-derived vasoactive peptides involved in a variety of biological functions. The active form of this protein is a 21 amino acid peptide processed from the precursor protein. The active peptide is a ligand for endothelin receptor type B (EDNRB). The interaction of this endothelin with EDNRB is essential for development of neural crest-derived cell lineages, such as melanocytes and enteric neurons. Mutations in this gene and EDNRB have been associated with Hirschsprung disease (HSCR) and Waardenburg syndrome (WS), which are congenital disorders involving neural crest-derived cells. Altered expression of this gene is implicated in tumorigenesis. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms. [provided by RefSeq, Oct 2014]

endothelin 2

This gene encodes a member of the endothelin protein family of secretory vasoconstrictive peptides. The preproprotein is processed to a short mature form which functions as a ligand for the endothelin receptors that initiate intracellular signaling events. This gene product is involved in a wide range of biological processes, such as hypertension and ovulation. Altered expression of this gene is implicated in tumorigenesis. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Oct 2014]

dual endothelin-1(VEGFsp)/angiotensin II receptor pseudogene

Enables endothelin receptor activity and vascular endothelial growth factor binding activity. Involved in endothelin receptor signaling pathway and vascular endothelial growth factor signaling pathway. Located in plasma membrane. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

endothelin receptor type A

This gene encodes the receptor for endothelin-1, a peptide that plays a role in potent and long-lasting vasoconstriction. This receptor associates with guanine-nucleotide-binding (G) proteins, and this coupling activates a phosphatidylinositol-calcium second messenger system. Polymorphisms in this gene have been linked to migraine headache resistance. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Oct 2009]

endothelin receptor type B

The protein encoded by this gene is a G protein-coupled receptor which activates a phosphatidylinositol-calcium second messenger system. Its ligand, endothelin, consists of a family of three potent vasoactive peptides: ET1, ET2, and ET3. Studies suggest that the multigenic disorder, Hirschsprung disease type 2, is due to mutations in the endothelin receptor type B gene. Alternative splicing and the use of alternative promoters results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Oct 2016]

endothelin converting enzyme 2

Enables metalloendopeptidase activity. Involved in peptide hormone processing. Located in cytoplasmic vesicle membrane. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

endothelin converting enzyme 1

The protein encoded by this gene is involved in proteolytic processing of endothelin precursors to biologically active peptides. Mutations in this gene are associated with Hirschsprung disease, cardiac defects and autonomic dysfunction. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been noted for this gene.[provided by RefSeq, Sep 2009]

From InterPro Predicted Protein Domain Annotations

proteins predicted to have the Endothelin-like toxin protein domain from the InterPro Predicted Protein Domain Annotations dataset.

From CTD Gene-Chemical Interactions

genes/proteins interacting with the chemical Cys(11)-Cys(15)-endothelin-1 (11-21) from the curated CTD Gene-Chemical Interactions dataset.

From GAD Gene-Disease Associations

genes associated with the disease plasma endothelin-1 levels in GWAS and other genetic association datasets from the GAD Gene-Disease Associations dataset.

From GAD Gene-Disease Associations

genes associated with the disease preeclampsia; blood pressure; endothelin-1 in GWAS and other genetic association datasets from the GAD Gene-Disease Associations dataset.

From GeneRIF Biological Term Annotations

genes co-occuring with the biological term endothelin in literature-supported statements describing functions of genes from the GeneRIF Biological Term Annotations dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2015

genes participating in the endothelin maturation biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2015 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2015

genes participating in the endothelin receptor signaling pathway biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2015 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2015

genes participating in the regulation of systemic arterial blood pressure by endothelin biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2015 dataset.

From GO Molecular Function Annotations 2015

genes performing the endothelin a receptor binding molecular function from the curated GO Molecular Function Annotations 2015 dataset.

From GO Molecular Function Annotations 2015

genes performing the endothelin b receptor binding molecular function from the curated GO Molecular Function Annotations 2015 dataset.

From GO Molecular Function Annotations 2015

genes performing the endothelin receptor activity molecular function from the curated GO Molecular Function Annotations 2015 dataset.

From InterPro Predicted Protein Domain Annotations

proteins predicted to have the Endothelin-2 protein domain from the InterPro Predicted Protein Domain Annotations dataset.

From InterPro Predicted Protein Domain Annotations

proteins predicted to have the Endothelin receptor family protein domain from the InterPro Predicted Protein Domain Annotations dataset.

From InterPro Predicted Protein Domain Annotations

proteins predicted to have the Endothelin receptor B protein domain from the InterPro Predicted Protein Domain Annotations dataset.

From InterPro Predicted Protein Domain Annotations

proteins predicted to have the Endothelin receptor A protein domain from the InterPro Predicted Protein Domain Annotations dataset.

From InterPro Predicted Protein Domain Annotations

proteins predicted to have the Endothelin-converting enzyme 1 protein domain from the InterPro Predicted Protein Domain Annotations dataset.

From InterPro Predicted Protein Domain Annotations

proteins predicted to have the Endothelin-converting enzyme 2 protein domain from the InterPro Predicted Protein Domain Annotations dataset.

From PID Pathways

proteins participating in the EGFR-dependent Endothelin signaling events pathway from the PID Pathways dataset.

From WikiPathways Pathways 2014

proteins participating in the Endothelin Pathways(Homo sapiens) pathway from the WikiPathways Pathways 2014 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2023

genes participating in the endothelin receptor signaling pathway biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2023 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2023

genes participating in the regulation of systemic arterial blood pressure by endothelin biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2023 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2023

genes participating in the endothelin maturation biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2023 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2023

genes participating in the positive regulation of endothelin production biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2023 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2023

genes participating in the regulation of endothelin production biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2023 dataset.

From GO Molecular Function Annotations 2023

genes performing the endothelin receptor activity molecular function from the curated GO Molecular Function Annotations 2023 dataset.

From GO Molecular Function Annotations 2023

genes performing the endothelin A receptor binding molecular function from the curated GO Molecular Function Annotations 2023 dataset.

From GO Molecular Function Annotations 2023

genes performing the endothelin B receptor binding molecular function from the curated GO Molecular Function Annotations 2023 dataset.

From WikiPathways Pathways 2024

proteins participating in the Endothelin pathways pathway from the WikiPathways Pathways 2024 dataset.

From HuBMAP ASCT+B Annotations

biomarker genes for the Peripheral nervous system_CT4_cervical dorsal root ganglion Endothelin 1 neuron cell type from the HuBMAP ASCT+B dataset.

From HuBMAP ASCT+B Annotations

biomarker genes for the Peripheral nervous system_CT4_thoracic dorsal root ganglion Endothelin 1 neuron cell type from the HuBMAP ASCT+B dataset.

From HuBMAP ASCT+B Annotations

biomarker genes for the Peripheral nervous system_CT4_lumbar dorsal root ganglion Endothelin 1 neuron cell type from the HuBMAP ASCT+B dataset.

From HuBMAP ASCT+B Annotations

biomarker genes for the Peripheral nervous system_CT4_sacral dorsal root ganglion Endothelin 1 neuron cell type from the HuBMAP ASCT+B dataset.

From HuBMAP ASCT+B Augmented with RNA-seq Coexpression

biomarker genes for the Peripheral nervous system_CT4_cervical dorsal root ganglion Endothelin 1 neuron cell type from the HuBMAP ASCT+B Augmented with RNA-seq Coexpression dataset.

From HuBMAP ASCT+B Augmented with RNA-seq Coexpression

biomarker genes for the Peripheral nervous system_CT4_lumbar dorsal root ganglion Endothelin 1 neuron cell type from the HuBMAP ASCT+B Augmented with RNA-seq Coexpression dataset.

From HuBMAP ASCT+B Augmented with RNA-seq Coexpression

biomarker genes for the Peripheral nervous system_CT4_sacral dorsal root ganglion Endothelin 1 neuron cell type from the HuBMAP ASCT+B Augmented with RNA-seq Coexpression dataset.

From HuBMAP ASCT+B Augmented with RNA-seq Coexpression

biomarker genes for the Peripheral nervous system_CT4_thoracic dorsal root ganglion Endothelin 1 neuron cell type from the HuBMAP ASCT+B Augmented with RNA-seq Coexpression dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2025

genes participating in the endothelin receptor signaling pathway biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2025 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2025

genes participating in the positive regulation of endothelin production biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2025 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2025

genes participating in the regulation of systemic arterial blood pressure by endothelin biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2025 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2025

genes participating in the endothelin maturation biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2025 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2025

genes participating in the phospholipase C-activating endothelin receptor signaling pathway biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2025 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2025

genes participating in the regulation of endothelin production biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2025 dataset.

From GO Molecular Function Annotations 2025

genes performing the endothelin A receptor binding molecular function from the curated GO Molecular Function Annotations 2025 dataset.

From GO Molecular Function Annotations 2025

genes performing the endothelin B receptor binding molecular function from the curated GO Molecular Function Annotations 2025 dataset.

From GO Molecular Function Annotations 2025

genes performing the endothelin receptor activity molecular function from the curated GO Molecular Function Annotations 2025 dataset.

From DGIdb Drug Targets 2026

interacting proteins for the ENDOTHELIN RECEPTOR ANTAGONIST drug from theDGIdb Drug Targets 2026 dataset.

From DGIdb Drug Targets 2026

interacting proteins for the ENDOTHELIN-1 drug from theDGIdb Drug Targets 2026 dataset.

From DGIdb Drug Targets 2026

interacting proteins for the ENDOTHELIN-2 drug from theDGIdb Drug Targets 2026 dataset.

From DGIdb Drug Targets 2026

interacting proteins for the ENDOTHELIN-3 drug from theDGIdb Drug Targets 2026 dataset.

From Biocarta Pathways

proteins participating in the anthrax toxin mechanism of action pathway from the Biocarta Pathways dataset.

From Biocarta Pathways

proteins participating in the pertussis toxin-insensitive ccr5 signaling in macrophage pathway from the Biocarta Pathways dataset.

From CMAP Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Small Molecules

genes differentially expressed following the HC toxin-909 small molecule perturbation from the CMAP Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Small Molecules dataset.

From CTD Gene-Chemical Interactions

genes/proteins interacting with the chemical Cholera Toxin from the curated CTD Gene-Chemical Interactions dataset.

From CTD Gene-Chemical Interactions

genes/proteins interacting with the chemical Pertussis Toxin from the curated CTD Gene-Chemical Interactions dataset.

From CTD Gene-Chemical Interactions

genes/proteins interacting with the chemical BeKm-1 toxin from the curated CTD Gene-Chemical Interactions dataset.

From CTD Gene-Chemical Interactions

genes/proteins interacting with the chemical botulinum toxin type E from the curated CTD Gene-Chemical Interactions dataset.

From CTD Gene-Chemical Interactions

genes/proteins interacting with the chemical toxin II (Anemonia sulcata) from the curated CTD Gene-Chemical Interactions dataset.

From CTD Gene-Chemical Interactions

genes/proteins interacting with the chemical Shiga Toxin from the curated CTD Gene-Chemical Interactions dataset.

From CTD Gene-Chemical Interactions

genes/proteins interacting with the chemical Clostridium difficile lethal toxin B from the curated CTD Gene-Chemical Interactions dataset.

From CTD Gene-Chemical Interactions

genes/proteins interacting with the chemical Shiga Toxin 2 from the curated CTD Gene-Chemical Interactions dataset.

From CTD Gene-Chemical Interactions

genes/proteins interacting with the chemical Shiga Toxin 1 from the curated CTD Gene-Chemical Interactions dataset.

From CTD Gene-Chemical Interactions

genes/proteins interacting with the chemical staphylococcal delta toxin from the curated CTD Gene-Chemical Interactions dataset.

From CTD Gene-Chemical Interactions

genes/proteins interacting with the chemical botulinum toxin type D from the curated CTD Gene-Chemical Interactions dataset.

From CTD Gene-Chemical Interactions

genes/proteins interacting with the chemical botulinum toxin type C from the curated CTD Gene-Chemical Interactions dataset.

From CTD Gene-Chemical Interactions

genes/proteins interacting with the chemical cyanobacterial toxin from the curated CTD Gene-Chemical Interactions dataset.

From CTD Gene-Chemical Interactions

genes/proteins interacting with the chemical HT-2 toxin from the curated CTD Gene-Chemical Interactions dataset.

From CTD Gene-Chemical Interactions

genes/proteins interacting with the chemical staphylococcal alpha-toxin from the curated CTD Gene-Chemical Interactions dataset.

From CTD Gene-Chemical Interactions

genes/proteins interacting with the chemical Tetanus Toxin from the curated CTD Gene-Chemical Interactions dataset.

From CTD Gene-Chemical Interactions

genes/proteins interacting with the chemical T-2 Toxin from the curated CTD Gene-Chemical Interactions dataset.

From CTD Gene-Chemical Interactions

genes/proteins interacting with the chemical muscarinic toxin 7 from the curated CTD Gene-Chemical Interactions dataset.

From CTD Gene-Chemical Interactions

genes/proteins interacting with the chemical BmK IT2 scorpion toxin from the curated CTD Gene-Chemical Interactions dataset.

From CTD Gene-Chemical Interactions

genes/proteins interacting with the chemical Adenylate Cyclase Toxin from the curated CTD Gene-Chemical Interactions dataset.

From DrugBank Drug Targets

interacting proteins for the Botulinum Toxin Type A drug from the curated DrugBank Drug Targets dataset.

From DrugBank Drug Targets

interacting proteins for the Botulinum Toxin Type B drug from the curated DrugBank Drug Targets dataset.

From GeneRIF Biological Term Annotations

genes co-occuring with the biological term toxin in literature-supported statements describing functions of genes from the GeneRIF Biological Term Annotations dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2015

genes participating in the toxin biosynthetic process biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2015 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2015

genes participating in the toxin metabolic process biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2015 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2015

genes participating in the toxin transport biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2015 dataset.

From GO Molecular Function Annotations 2015

genes performing the toxin transporter activity molecular function from the curated GO Molecular Function Annotations 2015 dataset.

From GO Molecular Function Annotations 2015

genes performing the toxin receptor binding molecular function from the curated GO Molecular Function Annotations 2015 dataset.

From Guide to Pharmacology Chemical Ligands of Receptors

receptors of the β-scorpion toxin Css IV ligand (chemical) from the curated Guide to Pharmacology Chemical Ligands of Receptors dataset.

From Guide to Pharmacology Chemical Ligands of Receptors

receptors of the β-scorpion toxin Cn2 ligand (chemical) from the curated Guide to Pharmacology Chemical Ligands of Receptors dataset.

From Guide to Pharmacology Chemical Ligands of Receptors

receptors of the α-scorpion toxin ligand (chemical) from the curated Guide to Pharmacology Chemical Ligands of Receptors dataset.

From Guide to Pharmacology Chemical Ligands of Receptors

receptors of the joro toxin ligand (chemical) from the curated Guide to Pharmacology Chemical Ligands of Receptors dataset.

From Guide to Pharmacology Chemical Ligands of Receptors

receptors of the ShK Toxin ligand (chemical) from the curated Guide to Pharmacology Chemical Ligands of Receptors dataset.

From Guide to Pharmacology Chemical Ligands of Receptors

receptors of the sea anemone toxin BDS-I ligand (chemical) from the curated Guide to Pharmacology Chemical Ligands of Receptors dataset.

From Guide to Pharmacology Chemical Ligands of Receptors

receptors of the β-scorpion toxin TiTXγ ligand (chemical) from the curated Guide to Pharmacology Chemical Ligands of Receptors dataset.

From InterPro Predicted Protein Domain Annotations

proteins predicted to have the Type II toxin-antitoxin system, antitoxin Phd/YefM protein domain from the InterPro Predicted Protein Domain Annotations dataset.

From InterPro Predicted Protein Domain Annotations

proteins predicted to have the Anthrax toxin receptor protein domain from the InterPro Predicted Protein Domain Annotations dataset.

From InterPro Predicted Protein Domain Annotations

proteins predicted to have the Anthrax toxin receptor, C-terminal protein domain from the InterPro Predicted Protein Domain Annotations dataset.

From InterPro Predicted Protein Domain Annotations

proteins predicted to have the Anthrax toxin receptor, extracellular protein domain from the InterPro Predicted Protein Domain Annotations dataset.

From Phosphosite Textmining Biological Term Annotations

proteins co-occuring with the biological term toxin in abstracts of publications describing phosphosites from the Phosphosite Textmining Biological Term Annotations dataset.

From PID Pathways

proteins participating in the Cellular roles of Anthrax toxin pathway from the PID Pathways dataset.

From PID Pathways

proteins participating in the Effects of Botulinum toxin pathway from the PID Pathways dataset.

From Reactome Pathways 2014

proteins participating in the Toxicity of botulinum toxin type G (BoNT/G) pathway from the Reactome Pathways dataset.

From Reactome Pathways 2014

proteins participating in the Uptake and function of diphtheria toxin pathway from the Reactome Pathways dataset.

From Reactome Pathways 2014

proteins participating in the Toxicity of botulinum toxin type F (BoNT/F) pathway from the Reactome Pathways dataset.

From Reactome Pathways 2014

proteins participating in the Toxicity of tetanus toxin (TeNT) pathway from the Reactome Pathways dataset.

From Reactome Pathways 2014

proteins participating in the Toxicity of botulinum toxin type E (BoNT/E) pathway from the Reactome Pathways dataset.

From Reactome Pathways 2014

proteins participating in the Toxicity of botulinum toxin type D (BoNT/D) pathway from the Reactome Pathways dataset.

From Reactome Pathways 2014

proteins participating in the Toxicity of botulinum toxin type B (BoNT/B) pathway from the Reactome Pathways dataset.

From Reactome Pathways 2014

proteins participating in the Toxicity of botulinum toxin type C (BoNT/C) pathway from the Reactome Pathways dataset.

From Reactome Pathways 2014

proteins participating in the Toxicity of botulinum toxin type A (BoNT/A) pathway from the Reactome Pathways dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2023

genes participating in the toxin transport biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2023 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2023

genes participating in the toxin biosynthetic process biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2023 dataset.

From LINCS L1000 CMAP Chemical Perturbation Consensus Signatures

genes differentially expressed following the HC-toxin small molecule perturbation from the LINCS L1000 CMAP Chemical Perturbation Consensus Signatures dataset.

From Reactome Pathways 2024

proteins participating in the Toxicity of botulinum toxin type A (botA) pathway from the Reactome Pathways 2024 dataset.

From Reactome Pathways 2024

proteins participating in the Toxicity of botulinum toxin type B (botB) pathway from the Reactome Pathways 2024 dataset.

From Reactome Pathways 2024

proteins participating in the Toxicity of botulinum toxin type C (botC) pathway from the Reactome Pathways 2024 dataset.

From Reactome Pathways 2024

proteins participating in the Toxicity of botulinum toxin type D (botD) pathway from the Reactome Pathways 2024 dataset.

From Reactome Pathways 2024

proteins participating in the Toxicity of botulinum toxin type E (botE) pathway from the Reactome Pathways 2024 dataset.

From Reactome Pathways 2024

proteins participating in the Toxicity of botulinum toxin type F (botF) pathway from the Reactome Pathways 2024 dataset.

From Reactome Pathways 2024

proteins participating in the Toxicity of botulinum toxin type G (botG) pathway from the Reactome Pathways 2024 dataset.

From Reactome Pathways 2024

proteins participating in the Toxicity of tetanus toxin (tetX) pathway from the Reactome Pathways 2024 dataset.

From Reactome Pathways 2024

proteins participating in the Uptake and function of diphtheria toxin pathway from the Reactome Pathways 2024 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2025

genes participating in the toxin biosynthetic process biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2025 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2025

genes participating in the toxin metabolic process biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2025 dataset.

From COMPARTMENTS Text-mining Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025

proteins co-occuring with the toxin-antitoxin complex cellular component in abstracts of biomedical publications from the COMPARTMENTS Text-mining Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025 dataset.

From DGIdb Drug Targets 2026

interacting proteins for the MAMBA TOXIN CM-3 drug from theDGIdb Drug Targets 2026 dataset.

From DGIdb Drug Targets 2026

interacting proteins for the MUSCARINIC TOXIN Β drug from theDGIdb Drug Targets 2026 dataset.

From DGIdb Drug Targets 2026

interacting proteins for the MUSCARINIC TOXIN 3 drug from theDGIdb Drug Targets 2026 dataset.

From DGIdb Drug Targets 2026

interacting proteins for the MUSCARINIC TOXIN 1 drug from theDGIdb Drug Targets 2026 dataset.

From DGIdb Drug Targets 2026

interacting proteins for the MUSCARINIC TOXIN 2 drug from theDGIdb Drug Targets 2026 dataset.

From DGIdb Drug Targets 2026

interacting proteins for the MUSCARINIC TOXIN 7 drug from theDGIdb Drug Targets 2026 dataset.

From DGIdb Drug Targets 2026

interacting proteins for the JORO SPIDER TOXIN drug from theDGIdb Drug Targets 2026 dataset.

From DGIdb Drug Targets 2026

interacting proteins for the HC-TOXIN drug from theDGIdb Drug Targets 2026 dataset.

From DGIdb Drug Targets 2026

interacting proteins for the SHK TOXIN drug from theDGIdb Drug Targets 2026 dataset.

From DGIdb Drug Targets 2026

interacting proteins for the DIPHTHERIA TOXIN drug from theDGIdb Drug Targets 2026 dataset.

From DGIdb Drug Targets 2026

interacting proteins for the Β-SCORPION TOXIN CN2 drug from theDGIdb Drug Targets 2026 dataset.

From DGIdb Drug Targets 2026

interacting proteins for the BOTULINUM TOXIN TYPE A drug from theDGIdb Drug Targets 2026 dataset.

From DGIdb Drug Targets 2026

interacting proteins for the BOTULINUM TOXIN TYPE B drug from theDGIdb Drug Targets 2026 dataset.