Harmonizome 3.0

tumor-associated calcium signal transducer 2

This intronless gene encodes a carcinoma-associated antigen. This antigen is a cell surface receptor that transduces calcium signals. Mutations of this gene have been associated with gelatinous drop-like corneal dystrophy.[provided by RefSeq, Dec 2009]

ORAI calcium release-activated calcium modulator 2

Enables store-operated calcium channel activity. Involved in store-operated calcium entry. Located in plasma membrane. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

ORAI calcium release-activated calcium modulator 3

Enables store-operated calcium channel activity. Involved in store-operated calcium entry. Located in plasma membrane. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

ORAI calcium release-activated calcium modulator 1

The protein encoded by this gene is a membrane calcium channel subunit that is activated by the calcium sensor STIM1 when calcium stores are depleted. This type of channel is the primary way for calcium influx into T-cells. Defects in this gene are a cause of immune dysfunction with T-cell inactivation due to calcium entry defect type 1 (IDTICED1). [provided by RefSeq, Sep 2011]

peptidylprolyl isomerase A (cyclophilin A) pseudogene 8

peptidylprolyl isomerase A (cyclophilin A) pseudogene 9

peptidylprolyl isomerase A (cyclophilin A) pseudogene 4

peptidylprolyl isomerase A (cyclophilin A) pseudogene 5

peptidylprolyl isomerase A (cyclophilin A) pseudogene 6

peptidylprolyl isomerase A (cyclophilin A) pseudogene 7

peptidylprolyl isomerase A (cyclophilin A), pseudogene 1

peptidylprolyl isomerase A (cyclophilin A) pseudogene 2

peptidylprolyl isomerase A (cyclophilin A) pseudogene 3

peptidylprolyl isomerase (cyclophilin)-like 4 pseudogene

peptidylprolyl isomerase A (cyclophilin A) pseudogene

peptidylprolyl isomerase H (cyclophilin H)

The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase (PPIase) family. PPIases catalyze the cis-trans isomerization of proline imidic peptide bonds in oligopeptides and accelerate the folding of proteins. This protein is a specific component of the complex that includes pre-mRNA processing factors PRPF3, PRPF4, and PRPF18, as well as U4/U5/U6 tri-snRNP. This protein has been shown to possess PPIase activity and may act as a protein chaperone that mediates the interactions between different proteins inside the spliceosome. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

peptidylprolyl isomerase G (cyclophilin G)

Enables peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase activity. Predicted to be involved in protein folding. Located in cytosol and nuclear speck. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

peptidylprolyl isomerase E (cyclophilin E)

The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase (PPIase) family. PPIases catalyze the cis-trans isomerization of proline imidic peptide bonds in oligopeptides and accelerate the folding of proteins. This protein contains a highly conserved cyclophilin (CYP) domain as well as an RNA-binding domain. It was shown to possess PPIase and protein folding activities, and it also exhibits RNA-binding activity. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. A related pseudogene, which is also located on chromosome 1, has been identified. [provided by RefSeq, Aug 2010]

peptidylprolyl isomerase C (cyclophilin C)

The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase (PPIase)) family. PPIases catalyze the cis-trans isomerization of proline imidic peptide bonds in oligopeptides and accelerate the folding of proteins. Similar to other PPIases, this protein can bind immunosuppressant cyclosporin A. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

peptidylprolyl isomerase B (cyclophilin B)

The protein encoded by this gene is a cyclosporine-binding protein and is mainly located within the endoplasmic reticulum. It is associated with the secretory pathway and released in biological fluids. This protein can bind to cells derived from T- and B-lymphocytes, and may regulate cyclosporine A-mediated immunosuppression. Variants have been identified in this protein that give rise to recessive forms of osteogenesis imperfecta. [provided by RefSeq, Oct 2009]

peptidylprolyl isomerase A (cyclophilin A)

This gene encodes a member of the peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase (PPIase) family. PPIases catalyze the cis-trans isomerization of proline imidic peptide bonds in oligopeptides and accelerate the folding of proteins. The encoded protein is a cyclosporin binding-protein and may play a role in cyclosporin A-mediated immunosuppression. The protein can also interact with several HIV proteins, including p55 gag, Vpr, and capsid protein, and has been shown to be necessary for the formation of infectious HIV virions. Multiple pseudogenes that map to different chromosomes have been reported. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

peptidylprolyl isomerase A (cyclophilin A) pseudogene

peptidylprolyl isomerase A (cyclophilin A)-like 4A

Predicted to enable cyclosporin A binding activity and peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase activity. Predicted to be involved in protein folding. Located in extracellular exosome. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

peptidylprolyl isomerase A (cyclophilin A)-like 4E

Predicted to enable cyclosporin A binding activity and peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase activity. Predicted to be involved in protein folding. Predicted to be active in cytoplasm. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

peptidylprolyl isomerase A (cyclophilin A) pseudogene

peptidylprolyl isomerase A (cyclophilin A) pseudogene

peptidylprolyl isomerase A (cyclophilin A)-like 4C

Predicted to enable cyclosporin A binding activity and peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase activity. Predicted to be involved in protein folding. Located in extracellular exosome. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

peptidylprolyl isomerase A (cyclophilin A) pseudogene

peptidylprolyl isomerase H (cyclophilin H) pseudogene 1

peptidylprolyl isomerase H (cyclophilin H) pseudogene 2

peptidylprolyl isomerase A (cyclophilin A) pseudogene 13

peptidylprolyl isomerase A (cyclophilin A) pseudogene 10

peptidylprolyl isomerase A (cyclophilin A) pseudogene 11

peptidylprolyl isomerase A (cyclophilin A) pseudogene

peptidylprolyl isomerase A (cyclophilin A) pseudogene

peptidylprolyl isomerase A (cyclophilin A)-like 4G pseudogene

peptidylprolyl isomerase A (cyclophilin A)-like 4C pseudogene

peptidylprolyl isomerase A (cyclophilin A) pseudogene

peptidylprolyl isomerase A (cyclophilin A) pseudogene

peptidylprolyl isomerase A (cyclophilin A) pseudogene

peptidylprolyl isomerase A (cyclophilin A) pseudogene

peptidylprolyl isomerase A (cyclophilin A)-like 4D

Predicted to enable cyclosporin A binding activity and peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase activity. Predicted to be involved in protein folding. Predicted to be active in cytoplasm. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

peptidylprolyl isomerase A (cyclophilin A)-like 4G

Predicted to enable cyclosporin A binding activity and peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase activity. Predicted to be involved in protein folding. Predicted to be active in cytoplasm. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

peptidylprolyl isomerase A (cyclophilin A)-like 4F

Predicted to enable cyclosporin A binding activity and peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase activity. Predicted to be involved in protein folding. Predicted to be active in cytoplasm. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

peptidylprolyl isomerase A (cyclophilin A) pseudogene

peptidylprolyl isomerase A (cyclophilin A) pseudogene

peptidylprolyl isomerase A (cyclophilin A) pseudogene

peptidylprolyl isomerase A (cyclophilin A) pseudogene 30

peptidylprolyl isomerase A (cyclophilin A) pseudogene 31

peptidylprolyl isomerase A (cyclophilin A) pseudogene 32

peptidylprolyl isomerase A (cyclophilin A) pseudogene 33

peptidylprolyl isomerase A (cyclophilin A) pseudogene

peptidylprolyl isomerase A (cyclophilin A) pseudogene

peptidylprolyl isomerase A (cyclophilin A) pseudogene

peptidylprolyl isomerase (cyclophilin)-like 1

This gene is a member of the cyclophilin family of peptidylprolyl isomerases (PPIases). The cyclophilins are a highly conserved, ubiquitous family, members of which play an important role in protein folding, immunosuppression by cyclosporin A, and infection of HIV-1 virions. Based on similarity to other PPIases, this protein could accelerate the folding of proteins and might catalyze the cis-trans isomerization of proline imidic peptide bonds in oligopeptides. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

peptidylprolyl isomerase A (cyclophilin A) pseudogene

peptidylprolyl isomerase A (cyclophilin A) pseudogene

peptidylprolyl isomerase (cyclophilin)-like 2

This gene is a member of the cyclophilin family of peptidylprolyl isomerases. The cyclophilins are a highly conserved ubiquitous family, members of which play an important role in protein folding, immunosuppression by cyclosporin A, and infection of HIV-1 virions. This protein interacts with the proteinase inhibitor eglin c and is localized in the nucleus. Alternatively spliced transcript variants have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Dec 2015]

peptidylprolyl isomerase (cyclophilin)-like 3

This gene encodes a member of the cyclophilin family. Cyclophilins catalyze the cis-trans isomerization of peptidylprolyl imide bonds in oligopeptides. They have been proposed to act either as catalysts or as molecular chaperones in protein-folding events. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Sep 2008]

peptidylprolyl isomerase (cyclophilin)-like 4

This gene is a member of the cyclophilin family of peptidylprolyl isomerases. The cyclophilins are a highly conserved family, members of which play an important role in protein folding, immunosuppression by cyclosporin A, and infection of HIV-1 virions. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

peptidylprolyl isomerase (cyclophilin)-like 6

Predicted to enable RNA polymerase II CTD heptapeptide repeat P3 isomerase activity; RNA polymerase II CTD heptapeptide repeat P6 isomerase activity; and cyclosporin A binding activity. Predicted to be involved in regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II. Predicted to be active in cytoplasm. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

peptidylprolyl isomerase A (cyclophilin A) pseudogene

peptidylprolyl isomerase A (cyclophilin A) pseudogene 16

peptidylprolyl isomerase A (cyclophilin A) pseudogene 17

peptidylprolyl isomerase A (cyclophilin A) pseudogene 14

peptidylprolyl isomerase A (cyclophilin A) pseudogene 15

peptidylprolyl isomerase A (cyclophilin A) pseudogene 18

peptidylprolyl isomerase A (cyclophilin A) pseudogene 19

peptidylprolyl isomerase G (cyclophilin G) pseudogene 1

peptidylprolyl isomerase (cyclophilin)-like 1 pseudogene 1

peptidylprolyl isomerase A (cyclophilin A) pseudogene

peptidylprolyl isomerase A (cyclophilin A) pseudogene

peptidylprolyl isomerase A (cyclophilin A) pseudogene

peptidylprolyl isomerase A (cyclophilin A) pseudogene 29

peptidylprolyl isomerase A (cyclophilin A) pseudogene 28

peptidylprolyl isomerase A (cyclophilin A) pseudogene 27

peptidylprolyl isomerase A (cyclophilin A) pseudogene 26

peptidylprolyl isomerase A (cyclophilin A) pseudogene 25

peptidylprolyl isomerase A (cyclophilin A) pseudogene 24

peptidylprolyl isomerase A (cyclophilin A) pseudogene 23

peptidylprolyl isomerase A (cyclophilin A) pseudogene 22

peptidylprolyl isomerase A (cyclophilin A) pseudogene 21

peptidylprolyl isomerase A (cyclophilin A) pseudogene 20

signal peptide peptidase like 3

Enables aspartic endopeptidase activity, intramembrane cleaving and protein homodimerization activity. Involved in T cell receptor signaling pathway; membrane protein proteolysis; and positive regulation of calcineurin-NFAT signaling cascade. Located in Golgi-associated vesicle membrane; endoplasmic reticulum; and plasma membrane. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

PEST proteolytic signal containing nuclear protein

Involved in proteasome-mediated ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process and protein ubiquitination. Located in nuclear body. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

signal-induced proliferation-associated 1 like 1

Predicted to enable GTPase activator activity; actin filament binding activity; and protein kinase binding activity. Predicted to be involved in several processes, including activation of GTPase activity; ephrin receptor signaling pathway; and regulation of postsynapse organization. Located in actin cytoskeleton and plasma membrane. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

signal-induced proliferation-associated 1 like 2

This gene encodes a member of the signal-induced proliferation-associated 1 like family. Members of this family contain a GTPase activating domain, a PDZ domain and a C-terminal coiled-coil domain with a leucine zipper. A similar protein in rat acts as a GTPases for the small GTPase Rap. [provided by RefSeq, Sep 2015]

recombination signal binding protein for immunoglobulin kappa J region-like

This gene encodes a member of the suppressor of hairless protein family. A similar protein in mouse is a transcription factor that binds to DNA sequences almost identical to that bound by the Notch receptor signaling pathway transcription factor recombining binding protein J. The mouse protein has been shown to activate transcription in concert with Epstein-Barr virus nuclear antigen-2. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2013]

signal sequence receptor, gamma (translocon-associated protein gamma) pseudogene

signal-induced proliferation-associated 1

The product of this gene is a mitogen induced GTPase activating protein (GAP). It exhibits a specific GAP activity for Ras-related regulatory proteins Rap1 and Rap2, but not for Ran or other small GTPases. This protein may also hamper mitogen-induced cell cycle progression when abnormally or prematurely expressed. It is localized to the perinuclear region. Two alternatively spliced variants encoding the same isoform have been characterized to date. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

signal-regulatory protein alpha pseudogene 1

brain abundant, membrane attached signal protein 1

This gene encodes a membrane bound protein with several transient phosphorylation sites and PEST motifs. Conservation of proteins with PEST sequences among different species supports their functional significance. PEST sequences typically occur in proteins with high turnover rates. Immunological characteristics of this protein are species specific. This protein also undergoes N-terminal myristoylation. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants that encode the same protein. [provided by RefSeq, Oct 2012]

signal peptide, CUB domain, EGF-like 2

Predicted to enable calcium ion binding activity; hedgehog family protein binding activity; and lipid binding activity. Predicted to be involved in signal transduction. Predicted to act upstream of or within several processes, including chondrocyte differentiation involved in endochondral bone morphogenesis; positive regulation of chondrocyte proliferation; and positive regulation of osteoblast differentiation. Predicted to be located in extracellular region. Predicted to be active in cell surface and extracellular space. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

signal peptide, CUB domain, EGF-like 3

This gene encodes a member of the signal peptide, complement subcomponents C1r/C1s, Uegf, bone morphogenetic protein-1 and epidermal growth factor-like domain containing protein family. Overexpression of this gene in human embryonic kidney cells results in secretion of a glycosylated form of the protein that forms oligomers and tethers to the cell surface. This gene is upregulated in lung cancer tumor tissue compared to healthy tissue and is associated with loss of the epithelial marker E-cadherin and with increased expression of vimentin, a mesenchymal marker. In addition, the protein encoded by this gene is a transforming growth factor beta receptor ligand, and when secreted by cancer cells, it can be cleaved in vitro to release the N-terminal epidermal growth factor-like repeat domain and the C-terminal complement subcomponents C1r/C1s domain. Both the full length protein and C-terminal fragment can bind to the transforming growth factor beta type II receptor to promote the epithelial-mesenchymal transition and tumor angiogenesis. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Dec 2014]

signal peptide, CUB domain, EGF-like 1

This gene encodes a cell surface glycoprotein that is a member of the SCUBE (signal peptide, CUB domain, EGF (epidermal growth factor)-like protein) family. Family members have an amino-terminal signal peptide, nine copies of EGF-like repeats and a CUB domain at the carboxyl terminus. This protein is expressed in platelets and endothelial cells and may play an important role in vascular biology. [provided by RefSeq, Oct 2011]

brain abundant, membrane attached signal protein 1 pseudogene 1

signal-regulatory protein gamma

The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the signal-regulatory protein (SIRP) family, and also belongs to the immunoglobulin superfamily. SIRP family members are receptor-type transmembrane glycoproteins known to be involved in the negative regulation of receptor tyrosine kinase-coupled signaling processes. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been described. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

signal-regulatory protein delta

Predicted to be located in extracellular region. Predicted to be active in plasma membrane. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

signal-regulatory protein alpha

The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the signal-regulatory-protein (SIRP) family, and also belongs to the immunoglobulin superfamily. SIRP family members are receptor-type transmembrane glycoproteins known to be involved in the negative regulation of receptor tyrosine kinase-coupled signaling processes. This protein can be phosphorylated by tyrosine kinases. The phospho-tyrosine residues of this PTP have been shown to recruit SH2 domain containing tyrosine phosphatases (PTP), and serve as substrates of PTPs. This protein was found to participate in signal transduction mediated by various growth factor receptors. CD47 has been demonstrated to be a ligand for this receptor protein. This gene and its product share very high similarity with several other members of the SIRP family. These related genes are located in close proximity to each other on chromosome 20p13. Multiple alternatively spliced transcript variants have been determined for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

recombination signal binding protein for immunoglobulin kappa J region pseudogene

signal transducer and activator of transcription 5B

The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the STAT family of transcription factors. In response to cytokines and growth factors, STAT family members are phosphorylated by the receptor associated kinases, and then form homo- or heterodimers that translocate to the cell nucleus where they act as transcription activators. This protein mediates the signal transduction triggered by various cell ligands, such as IL2, IL4, CSF1, and different growth hormones. It has been shown to be involved in diverse biological processes, such as TCR signaling, apoptosis, adult mammary gland development, and sexual dimorphism of liver gene expression. This gene was found to fuse to retinoic acid receptor-alpha (RARA) gene in a small subset of acute promyelocytic leukemias (APLL). The dysregulation of the signaling pathways mediated by this protein may be the cause of the APLL. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

signal transducer and activator of transcription 5A

The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the STAT family of transcription factors. In response to cytokines and growth factors, STAT family members are phosphorylated by the receptor associated kinases, and then form homo- or heterodimers that translocate to the cell nucleus where they act as transcription activators. This protein is activated by, and mediates the responses of many cell ligands, such as IL2, IL3, IL7 GM-CSF, erythropoietin, thrombopoietin, and different growth hormones. Activation of this protein in myeloma and lymphoma associated with a TEL/JAK2 gene fusion is independent of cell stimulus and has been shown to be essential for tumorigenesis. The mouse counterpart of this gene is found to induce the expression of BCL2L1/BCL-X(L), which suggests the antiapoptotic function of this gene in cells. Alternatively spliced transcript variants have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Dec 2013]

Dab, reelin signal transducer, homolog 1 (Drosophila)

The laminar organization of multiple neuronal types in the cerebral cortex is required for normal cognitive function. In mice, the disabled-1 gene plays a central role in brain development, directing the migration of cortical neurons past previously formed neurons to reach their proper layer. This gene is similar to disabled-1, and the protein encoded by this gene is thought to be a signal transducer that interacts with protein kinase pathways to regulate neuronal positioning in the developing brain. [provided by RefSeq, Jan 2017]

signal sequence receptor, alpha

The signal sequence receptor (SSR) is a glycosylated endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membrane receptor associated with protein translocation across the ER membrane. The SSR consists of 2 subunits, a 34-kD glycoprotein encoded by this gene and a 22-kD glycoprotein. This gene generates several mRNA species as a result of complex alternative polyadenylation. This gene is unusual in that it utilizes arrays of polyA signal sequences that are mostly non-canonical. Multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, May 2014]

signal sequence receptor, beta (translocon-associated protein beta)

The signal sequence receptor (SSR) is a glycosylated endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membrane receptor associated with protein translocation across the ER membrane. The SSR consists of 2 subunits, a 34-kD glycoprotein (alpha-SSR or SSR1) and a 22-kD glycoprotein (beta-SSR or SSR2). The human beta-signal sequence receptor gene (SSR2) maps to chromosome bands 1q21-q23. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

signal sequence receptor, gamma (translocon-associated protein gamma)

The signal sequence receptor (SSR) is a glycosylated endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membrane receptor associated with protein translocation across the ER membrane. The SSR is comprised of four membrane proteins/subunits: alpha, beta, gamma, and delta. The first two are glycosylated subunits and the latter two are non-glycosylated subunits. This gene encodes the gamma subunit, which is predicted to span the membrane four times. [provided by RefSeq, Aug 2010]

signal sequence receptor, delta

This gene encodes the delta subunit of the translocon-associated protein complex which is involved in translocating proteins across the endoplasmic reticulum membrane. The encoded protein is located in the Xq28 region and is arranged in a compact head-to-head manner with the isocitrate dehydrogenase 3 (NAD+) gamma gene and both genes are driven by a CpG-embedded bidirectional promoter. Alternate splicing results in multiple transcript variants.[provided by RefSeq, Mar 2011]

signal recognition particle 54kDa

Enables several functions, including 7S RNA binding activity; endoplasmic reticulum signal peptide binding activity; and guanyl ribonucleotide binding activity. Contributes to GTPase activity. Involved in granulocyte differentiation and protein targeting to ER. Located in cytosol and nucleus. Part of signal recognition particle, endoplasmic reticulum targeting. Implicated in severe congenital neutropenia 8. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

signal peptide peptidase like 3 pseudogene

signal transducer and activator of transcription 6, interleukin-4 induced

The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the STAT family of transcription factors. In response to cytokines and growth factors, STAT family members are phosphorylated by the receptor associated kinases, and then form homo- or heterodimers that translocate to the cell nucleus where they act as transcription activators. This protein plays a central role in exerting IL4 mediated biological responses. It is found to induce the expression of BCL2L1/BCL-X(L), which is responsible for the anti-apoptotic activity of IL4. Knockout studies in mice suggested the roles of this gene in differentiation of T helper 2 (Th2) cells, expression of cell surface markers, and class switch of immunoglobulins. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants.[provided by RefSeq, May 2010]

signal-induced proliferation-associated 1 like 3

This gene belongs to the signal induced proliferation associated 1 family of genes, which encode GTPase-activating proteins specific for the GTP-binding protein Rap1. Rap1 has been implicated in regulation of cell adhesion, cell polarity, and organization of the cytoskeleton. Like other members of the family, the protein encoded by this gene contains RapGAP and PDZ domains. In addition, this protein contains a C-terminal leucine zipper domain. This gene is proposed to function in epithelial cell morphogenesis and establishment or maintenance of polarity. Consistently, expression of the protein in cell culture showed localization to cell-cell borders in apical regions, and downregulation of the gene in 3D Caco2 cell culture resulted in abnormal cell polarity and morphogenesis. Allelic variants of this gene have been associated with congenital cataracts in humans. [provided by RefSeq, Feb 2016]

signal recognition particle 19kDa pseudogene

signal recognition particle 72kDa pseudogene 1

signal sequence receptor, delta pseudogene 1

signal recognition particle 19kDa pseudogene

signal sequence receptor, alpha pseudogene 1

signal recognition particle receptor, B subunit

The protein encoded by this gene has similarity to mouse protein which is a subunit of the signal recognition particle receptor (SR). This subunit is a transmembrane GTPase belonging to the GTPase superfamily. It anchors alpha subunit, a peripheral membrane GTPase, to the ER membrane. SR is required for the cotranslational targeting of both secretory and membrane proteins to the ER membrane. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

signal transducing adaptor family member 2

This gene encodes the substrate of breast tumor kinase, an Src-type non-receptor tyrosine kinase. The encoded protein possesses domains and several tyrosine phosphorylation sites characteristic of adaptor proteins that mediate the interactions linking proteins involved in signal transduction pathways. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

signal transducing adaptor family member 1

The protein encoded by this gene contains a proline-rich region, a pleckstrin homology (PH) domain, and a region in the carboxy terminal half with similarity to the Src Homology 2 (SH2) domain. This protein is a substrate of tyrosine-protein kinase Tec, and its interaction with tyrosine-protein kinase Tec is phosphorylation-dependent. This protein is thought to participate in a positive feedback loop by upregulating the activity of tyrosine-protein kinase Tec. Variants of this gene have been associated with autosomal-dominant hypercholesterolemia (ADH), which is characterized by elevated low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels and in increased risk of coronary vascular disease. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Dec 2015]

signal peptidase complex subunit 2 homolog (S. cerevisiae) pseudogene 1

signal peptidase complex subunit 2 homolog (S. cerevisiae) pseudogene 2

signal recognition particle 14kDa (homologous Alu RNA binding protein) pseudogene 1

signal peptide peptidase like 2A

This gene encodes a member of the GXGD family of aspartic proteases, which are transmembrane proteins with two conserved catalytic motifs localized within the membrane-spanning regions, as well as a member of the signal peptide peptidase-like protease (SPPL) family. This protein is expressed in all major adult human tissues and localizes to late endosomal compartments and lysosomal membranes. A pseudogene of this gene also lies on chromosome 15. [provided by RefSeq, Feb 2012]

signal peptide peptidase like 2C

Enables protein homodimerization activity. Predicted to be involved in several processes, including acrosome assembly; fusion of sperm to egg plasma membrane involved in single fertilization; and membrane protein intracellular domain proteolysis. Located in cytoplasmic side of endoplasmic reticulum membrane and lumenal side of endoplasmic reticulum membrane. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

signal peptide peptidase like 2B

This gene encodes a member of the GXGD family of aspartic proteases. The GXGD proteases are transmembrane proteins with two conserved catalytic motifs localized within the membrane-spanning regions. This enzyme localizes to endosomes, lysosomes, and the plasma membrane. It cleaves the transmembrane domain of tumor necrosis factor alpha to release the intracellular domain, which triggers cytokine expression in the innate and adaptive immunity pathways. Multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

interleukin 6 signal transducer

The protein encoded by this gene is a signal transducer shared by many cytokines, including interleukin 6 (IL6), ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF), leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF), and oncostatin M (OSM). This protein functions as a part of the cytokine receptor complex. The activation of this protein is dependent upon the binding of cytokines to their receptors. vIL6, a protein related to IL6 and encoded by the Kaposi sarcoma-associated herpesvirus, can bypass the interleukin 6 receptor (IL6R) and directly activate this protein. Knockout studies in mice suggest that this gene plays a critical role in regulating myocyte apoptosis. Alternatively spliced transcript variants have been described. A related pseudogene has been identified on chromosome 17. [provided by RefSeq, May 2014]

KH domain containing, RNA binding, signal transduction associated 2

Predicted to enable mRNA binding activity and poly(A) binding activity. Predicted to be involved in regulation of alternative mRNA splicing, via spliceosome. Predicted to be located in nucleoplasm. Predicted to be active in nucleus. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

signal recognition particle 68kDa

This gene encodes a subunit of the signal recognition particle (SRP). The SRP is a ribonucleoprotein complex that transports secreted and membrane proteins to the endoplasmic reticulum for processing. The complex includes a 7S RNA and six protein subunits. The encoded protein is the 68kDa component of the SRP, and forms a heterodimer with the 72kDa subunit that is required for SRP function. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding multiple isoforms have been observed for this gene, and three pseudogenes of this gene are located within the Smith-Magenis syndrome region on chromosome 17. [provided by RefSeq, May 2012]

hematopoietic cell signal transducer

This gene encodes a transmembrane signaling adaptor that contains a YxxM motif in its cytoplasmic domain. The encoded protein may form part of the immune recognition receptor complex with the C-type lectin-like receptor NKG2D. As part of this receptor complex, this protein may activate phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase dependent signaling pathways through its intracytoplasmic YxxM motif. This receptor complex may have a role in cell survival and proliferation by activation of NK and T cell responses. Alternative splicing results in two transcript variants encoding different isoforms. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

activating signal cointegrator 1 complex subunit 3

This gene encodes a protein that belongs to a family of helicases that are involved in the ATP-dependent unwinding of nucleic acid duplexes. The encoded protein is the largest subunit of the activating signal cointegrator 1 complex that is involved in DNA repair and resistance to alkylation damage. Alternate splicing results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Sep 2013]

activating signal cointegrator 1 complex subunit 2

Enables K63-linked polyubiquitin modification-dependent protein binding activity. Involved in regulation of DNA-templated transcription; rescue of stalled ribosome; and ribosome-associated ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process. Located in nucleus. Part of DNA repair complex and activating signal cointegrator 1 complex. Is active in cytosolic ribosome. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

activating signal cointegrator 1 complex subunit 1

This gene encodes a subunit of the activating signal cointegrator 1 (ASC-1) complex. The ASC-1 complex is a transcriptional coactivator that plays an important role in gene transactivation by multiple transcription factors including activating protein 1 (AP-1), nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-kB) and serum response factor (SRF). The encoded protein contains an N-terminal KH-type RNA-binding motif which is required for AP-1 transactivation by the ASC-1 complex. Mutations in this gene are associated with Barrett esophagus and esophageal adenocarcinoma. Alternatively spliced transcripts encoding multiple isoforms have been observed for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Dec 2011]

signal peptidase complex subunit 2 homolog (S. cerevisiae) pseudogene 4

signal peptidase complex subunit 2 homolog (S. cerevisiae) pseudogene 3

signal-regulatory protein beta 2

Predicted to be located in membrane. Predicted to be active in plasma membrane. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

signal-regulatory protein beta 1

The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the signal-regulatory-protein (SIRP) family, and also belongs to the immunoglobulin superfamily. SIRP family members are receptor-type transmembrane glycoproteins known to be involved in the negative regulation of receptor tyrosine kinase-coupled signaling processes. This protein was found to interact with TYROBP/DAP12, a protein bearing immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motifs. This protein was also reported to participate in the recruitment of tyrosine kinase SYK. Multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Feb 2009]

signal sequence receptor, alpha pseudogene 2

signal recognition particle 14kDa (homologous Alu RNA binding protein)

Enables RNA binding activity. Involved in protein targeting to ER. Located in nucleus. Part of signal recognition particle, endoplasmic reticulum targeting. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

signal recognition particle 19kDa

Enables 7S RNA binding activity. Contributes to ribosome binding activity. Predicted to be involved in SRP-dependent cotranslational protein targeting to membrane, signal sequence recognition. Located in cytosol; nuclear body; and nucleolus. Part of signal recognition particle, endoplasmic reticulum targeting. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

signal peptidase complex subunit 3-like

signal peptide peptidase like 2A pseudogene

recombination signal binding protein for immunoglobulin kappa J region

The protein encoded by this gene is a transcriptional regulator important in the Notch signaling pathway. The encoded protein acts as a repressor when not bound to Notch proteins and an activator when bound to Notch proteins. It is thought to function by recruiting chromatin remodeling complexes containing histone deacetylase or histone acetylase proteins to Notch signaling pathway genes. Several transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene, and several pseudogenes of this gene exist on chromosome 9. [provided by RefSeq, Oct 2013]

signal recognition particle 68kDa pseudogene 1

signal recognition particle 68kDa pseudogene 2

signal recognition particle 68kDa pseudogene 3

signal transducing adaptor molecule (SH3 domain and ITAM motif) 2

The protein encoded by this gene is closely related to STAM, an adaptor protein involved in the downstream signaling of cytokine receptors, both of which contain a SH3 domain and the immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motif (ITAM). Similar to STAM, this protein acts downstream of JAK kinases, and is phosphorylated in response to cytokine stimulation. This protein and STAM thus are thought to exhibit compensatory effects on the signaling pathway downstream of JAK kinases upon cytokine stimulation. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

KH domain containing, RNA binding, signal transduction associated 1

This gene encodes a member of the K homology domain-containing, RNA-binding, signal transduction-associated protein family. The encoded protein appears to have many functions and may be involved in a variety of cellular processes, including alternative splicing, cell cycle regulation, RNA 3'-end formation, tumorigenesis, and regulation of human immunodeficiency virus gene expression. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Dec 2012]

KH domain containing, RNA binding, signal transduction associated 3

Enables RNA binding activity; identical protein binding activity; and protein domain specific binding activity. Predicted to be involved in regulation of alternative mRNA splicing, via spliceosome and spermatogenesis. Located in nucleoplasm. Part of protein-containing complex. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

signal recognition particle 9 pseudogene 1

signal transducing adaptor molecule (SH3 domain and ITAM motif) 1

This gene encodes a member of the signal-transducing adaptor molecule family. These proteins mediate downstream signaling of cytokine receptors and also play a role in ER to Golgi trafficking by interacting with the coat protein II complex. The encoded protein also associates with hepatocyte growth factor-regulated substrate to form the endosomal sorting complex required for transport-0 (ESCRT-0), which sorts ubiquitinated membrane proteins to the ESCRT-1 complex for lysosomal degradation. Alternatively spliced transcript variants have been observed for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Feb 2011]

signal recognition particle 9kDa

Predicted to enable RNA binding activity and signal recognition particle binding activity. Predicted to be involved in SRP-dependent cotranslational protein targeting to membrane. Predicted to be located in cytosol. Predicted to be part of signal recognition particle, endoplasmic reticulum targeting. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

signal recognition particle receptor (docking protein)

The gene encodes a subunit of the endoplasmic reticulum signal recognition particle receptor that, in conjunction with the signal recognition particle, is involved in the targeting and translocation of signal sequence tagged secretory and membrane proteins across the endoplasmic reticulum. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Apr 2010]

signal recognition particle 72kDa pseudogene 2

signal-regulatory protein beta 3, pseudogene

signal recognition particle 72kDa

This gene encodes the 72 kDa subunit of the signal recognition particle (SRP), a ribonucleoprotein complex that mediates the targeting of secretory proteins to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). The SRP complex consists of a 7S RNA and 6 protein subunits: SRP9, SRP14, SRP19, SRP54, SRP68, and SRP72, that are bound to the 7S RNA as monomers or heterodimers. SRP has at least 3 distinct functions that can be associated with the protein subunits: signal recognition, translational arrest, and ER membrane targeting by interaction with the docking protein. Mutations in this gene are associated with familial bone marrow failure. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Jun 2012]

interleukin 6 signal transducer (gp130, oncostatin M receptor) pseudogene 1

signal peptidase complex subunit 1 homolog (S. cerevisiae)

Predicted to enable ribosome binding activity. Involved in signal peptide processing; viral protein processing; and virion assembly. Located in endoplasmic reticulum membrane. Part of signal peptidase complex. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

signal peptidase complex subunit 2 homolog (S. cerevisiae)

Predicted to enable peptidase activity. Involved in signal peptide processing. Part of signal peptidase complex. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

signal peptidase complex subunit 3 homolog (S. cerevisiae)

Involved in signal peptide processing and viral protein processing. Located in endoplasmic reticulum. Part of signal peptidase complex. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

signal transducer and activator of transcription 4

The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the STAT family of transcription factors. In response to cytokines and growth factors, STAT family members are phosphorylated by the receptor associated kinases, and then form homo- or heterodimers that translocate to the cell nucleus where they act as transcription activators. This protein is essential for mediating responses to IL12 in lymphocytes, and regulating the differentiation of T helper cells. Mutations in this gene may be associated with systemic lupus erythematosus and rheumatoid arthritis. Alternate splicing results in multiple transcript variants that encode the same protein. [provided by RefSeq, Aug 2011]

signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (acute-phase response factor)

The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the STAT protein family. In response to cytokines and growth factors, STAT family members are phosphorylated by the receptor associated kinases, and then form homo- or heterodimers that translocate to the cell nucleus where they act as transcription activators. This protein is activated through phosphorylation in response to various cytokines and growth factors including IFNs, EGF, IL5, IL6, HGF, LIF and BMP2. This protein mediates the expression of a variety of genes in response to cell stimuli, and thus plays a key role in many cellular processes such as cell growth and apoptosis. The small GTPase Rac1 has been shown to bind and regulate the activity of this protein. PIAS3 protein is a specific inhibitor of this protein. This gene also plays a role in regulating host response to viral and bacterial infections. Mutations in this gene are associated with infantile-onset multisystem autoimmune disease and hyper-immunoglobulin E syndrome. [provided by RefSeq, Aug 2020]

signal transducer and activator of transcription 2, 113kDa

The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the STAT protein family. In response to cytokines and growth factors, STAT family members are phosphorylated by the receptor associated kinases, and then form homo- or heterodimers that translocate to the cell nucleus where they act as transcription activators. In response to interferon (IFN), this protein forms a complex with STAT1 and IFN regulatory factor family protein p48 (ISGF3G), in which this protein acts as a transactivator, but lacks the ability to bind DNA directly. The protein mediates innate antiviral activity. Mutations in this gene result in Immunodeficiency 44. [provided by RefSeq, Aug 2020]

signal transducer and activator of transcription 1, 91kDa

The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the STAT protein family. In response to cytokines and growth factors, STAT family members are phosphorylated by the receptor associated kinases, and then form homo- or heterodimers that translocate to the cell nucleus where they act as transcription activators. The protein encoded by this gene can be activated by various ligands including interferon-alpha, interferon-gamma, EGF, PDGF and IL6. This protein mediates the expression of a variety of genes, which is thought to be important for cell viability in response to different cell stimuli and pathogens. The protein plays an important role in immune responses to viral, fungal and mycobacterial pathogens. Mutations in this gene are associated with Immunodeficiency 31B, 31A, and 31C. [provided by RefSeq, Jun 2020]

calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase kinase 2, beta

The product of this gene belongs to the Serine/Threonine protein kinase family, and to the Ca(2+)/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase subfamily. The major isoform of this gene plays a role in the calcium/calmodulin-dependent (CaM) kinase cascade by phosphorylating the downstream kinases CaMK1 and CaMK4. Protein products of this gene also phosphorylate AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK). This gene has its strongest expression in the brain and influences signalling cascades involved with learning and memory, neuronal differentiation and migration, neurite outgrowth, and synapse formation. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants encoding distinct isoforms. The identified isoforms differ in their ability to undergo autophosphorylation and to phosphorylate downstream kinases. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2012]

calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase kinase 1, alpha

The product of this gene belongs to the Serine/Threonine protein kinase family, and to the Ca(2+)/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase subfamily. This protein plays a role in the calcium/calmodulin-dependent (CaM) kinase cascade. Three transcript variants encoding two distinct isoforms have been identified for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

reticulocalbin 1, EF-hand calcium binding domain pseudogene 1

phospholipase A2, group VI (cytosolic, calcium-independent)

The protein encoded by this gene is an A2 phospholipase, a class of enzyme that catalyzes the release of fatty acids from phospholipids. The encoded protein may play a role in phospholipid remodelling, arachidonic acid release, leukotriene and prostaglandin synthesis, fas-mediated apoptosis, and transmembrane ion flux in glucose-stimulated B-cells. Several transcript variants encoding multiple isoforms have been described, but the full-length nature of only three of them have been determined to date. [provided by RefSeq, Dec 2010]

EF-hand calcium binding domain 11

Predicted to enable calcium ion binding activity. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

EF-hand calcium binding domain 10

Predicted to enable calcium ion binding activity. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

EF-hand calcium binding domain 13

EF-hand calcium binding domain 12

Predicted to enable calcium ion binding activity. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

EF-hand calcium binding domain 14

Predicted to enable calcium ion binding activity. Predicted to be located in membrane. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

calcium binding and coiled-coil domain 1

Enables RNA polymerase II cis-regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding activity; beta-catenin binding activity; and nuclear receptor coactivator activity. Involved in positive regulation of DNA-templated transcription and positive regulation of gene expression. Located in cytosol and nucleus. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

calcium binding and coiled-coil domain 2

This gene encodes a coiled-coil domain-containing protein. The encoded protein functions as a receptor for ubiquitin-coated bacteria and plays an important role in innate immunity by mediating macroautophagy. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding multiple isoforms have been observed for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, May 2012]

calcium binding protein 39

Enables kinase binding activity and protein serine/threonine kinase activator activity. Involved in intracellular signal transduction; peptidyl-serine phosphorylation; and positive regulation of protein phosphorylation. Located in extracellular exosome. Part of cytoplasm and serine/threonine protein kinase complex. Implicated in hepatocellular carcinoma. Biomarker of hepatocellular carcinoma and pancreatic cancer. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

calcium regulated heat stable protein 1, 24kDa

Enables mRNA 3'-UTR binding activity. Predicted to be involved in regulation of mRNA stability. Predicted to be located in P granule; cytoplasmic exosome (RNase complex); and cytosol. Predicted to be active in cytoplasm. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

reticulocalbin 1, EF-hand calcium binding domain pseudogene 2

calcium homeostasis endoplasmic reticulum protein

Enables transmembrane transporter binding activity. Involved in positive regulation of calcineurin-NFAT signaling cascade and release of sequestered calcium ion into cytosol. Acts upstream of or within intracellular calcium ion homeostasis and negative regulation of cell population proliferation. Located in perinuclear region of cytoplasm. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

potassium channel, calcium activated intermediate/small conductance subfamily N alpha, member 4

The protein encoded by this gene is part of a potentially heterotetrameric voltage-independent potassium channel that is activated by intracellular calcium. Activation is followed by membrane hyperpolarization, which promotes calcium influx. The encoded protein may be part of the predominant calcium-activated potassium channel in T-lymphocytes. This gene is similar to other KCNN family potassium channel genes, but it differs enough to possibly be considered as part of a new subfamily. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

potassium channel, calcium activated intermediate/small conductance subfamily N alpha, member 3

Action potentials in vertebrate neurons are followed by an afterhyperpolarization (AHP) that may persist for several seconds and may have profound consequences for the firing pattern of the neuron. Each component of the AHP is kinetically distinct and is mediated by different calcium-activated potassium channels. This gene belongs to the KCNN family of potassium channels. It encodes an integral membrane protein that forms a voltage-independent calcium-activated channel, which is thought to regulate neuronal excitability by contributing to the slow component of synaptic AHP. This gene contains two CAG repeat regions in the coding sequence. It was thought that expansion of one or both of these repeats could lead to an increased susceptibility to schizophrenia or bipolar disorder, but studies indicate that this is probably not the case. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Feb 2011]

potassium channel, calcium activated intermediate/small conductance subfamily N alpha, member 2

Action potentials in vertebrate neurons are followed by an afterhyperpolarization (AHP) that may persist for several seconds and may have profound consequences for the firing pattern of the neuron. Each component of the AHP is kinetically distinct and is mediated by different calcium-activated potassium channels. The protein encoded by this gene is activated before membrane hyperpolarization and is thought to regulate neuronal excitability by contributing to the slow component of synaptic AHP. This gene is a member of the KCNN family of potassium channel genes. The encoded protein is an integral membrane protein that forms a voltage-independent calcium-activated channel with three other calmodulin-binding subunits. Alternate splicing of this gene results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, May 2013]

potassium channel, calcium activated intermediate/small conductance subfamily N alpha, member 1

Action potentials in vertebrate neurons are followed by an afterhyperpolarization (AHP) that may persist for several seconds and may have profound consequences for the firing pattern of the neuron. Each component of the AHP is kinetically distinct and is mediated by different calcium-activated potassium channels. The protein encoded by this gene is activated before membrane hyperpolarization and is thought to regulate neuronal excitability by contributing to the slow component of synaptic AHP. The encoded protein is an integral membrane protein that forms a voltage-independent calcium-activated channel with three other calmodulin-binding subunits. This gene is a member of the KCNN family of potassium channel genes. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

RAS guanyl releasing protein 2 (calcium and DAG-regulated)

The protein encoded by this gene is a brain-enriched nucleotide exchanged factor that contains an N-terminal GEF domain, 2 tandem repeats of EF-hand calcium-binding motifs, and a C-terminal diacylglycerol/phorbol ester-binding domain. This protein can activate small GTPases, including RAS and RAP1/RAS3. The nucleotide exchange activity of this protein can be stimulated by calcium and diacylglycerol. Four alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding two different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Jan 2016]

RAS guanyl releasing protein 3 (calcium and DAG-regulated)

The protein encoded by this gene is a guanine nucleotide exchange factor that activates the oncogenes HRAS and RAP1A. Defects in this gene have been associated with systemic lupus erythematosus and several cancers. [provided by RefSeq, Mar 2017]

RAS guanyl releasing protein 1 (calcium and DAG-regulated)

This gene is a member of a family of genes characterized by the presence of a Ras superfamily guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) domain. It functions as a diacylglycerol (DAG)-regulated nucleotide exchange factor specifically activating Ras through the exchange of bound GDP for GTP. It activates the Erk/MAP kinase cascade and regulates T-cells and B-cells development, homeostasis and differentiation. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been identified. Altered expression of the different isoforms of this protein may be a cause of susceptibility to systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

C2 calcium-dependent domain containing 4A

Involved in positive regulation of acute inflammatory response; regulation of cell adhesion; and regulation of vascular permeability involved in acute inflammatory response. Located in nucleolus and nucleoplasm. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

C2 calcium-dependent domain containing 4B

Involved in positive regulation of acute inflammatory response; regulation of cell adhesion; and regulation of vascular permeability involved in acute inflammatory response. Predicted to be located in nucleus. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

C2 calcium-dependent domain containing 4C

Predicted to be active in cytosol. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

C2 calcium-dependent domain containing 4D

calcium homeostasis modulator 1

This gene encodes a calcium channel that plays a role in processing of amyloid-beta precursor protein. A polymorphism at this locus has been reported to be associated with susceptibility to late-onset Alzheimer's disease in some populations, but the pathogenicity of this polymorphism is unclear.[provided by RefSeq, Mar 2010]

calcium homeostasis modulator 3

Predicted to enable monoatomic cation channel activity and voltage-gated monoatomic ion channel activity. Predicted to be involved in ATP transport; protein heterooligomerization; and sensory perception of taste. Predicted to be located in basolateral plasma membrane. Predicted to be active in plasma membrane. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

calcium homeostasis modulator 2

Predicted to enable monoatomic cation channel activity. Involved in ATP export and positive regulation of apoptotic process. Predicted to be active in plasma membrane. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

calcium binding tyrosine-(Y)-phosphorylation regulated pseudogene 1

calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II delta

The product of this gene belongs to the serine/threonine protein kinase family and to the Ca(2+)/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase subfamily. Calcium signaling is crucial for several aspects of plasticity at glutamatergic synapses. In mammalian cells, the enzyme is composed of four different chains: alpha, beta, gamma, and delta. The product of this gene is a delta chain. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants encoding distinct isoforms. Distinct isoforms of this chain have different expression patterns.[provided by RefSeq, Nov 2008]

calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II gamma

The product of this gene is one of the four subunits of an enzyme which belongs to the serine/threonine protein kinase family, and to the Ca(2+)/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase subfamily. Calcium signaling is crucial for several aspects of plasticity at glutamatergic synapses. In mammalian cells the enzyme is composed of four different chains: alpha, beta, gamma, and delta. The product of this gene is a gamma chain. Many alternatively spliced transcripts encoding different isoforms have been described but the full-length nature of all the variants has not been determined.[provided by RefSeq, Mar 2011]

calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II alpha

The product of this gene belongs to the serine/threonine protein kinases family, and to the Ca(2+)/calmodulin-dependent protein kinases subfamily. Calcium signaling is crucial for several aspects of plasticity at glutamatergic synapses. This calcium calmodulin-dependent protein kinase is composed of four different chains: alpha, beta, gamma, and delta. The alpha chain encoded by this gene is required for hippocampal long-term potentiation (LTP) and spatial learning. In addition to its calcium-calmodulin (CaM)-dependent activity, this protein can undergo autophosphorylation, resulting in CaM-independent activity. Several transcript variants encoding distinct isoforms have been identified for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Jun 2018]

calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II beta

The product of this gene belongs to the serine/threonine protein kinase family and to the Ca(2+)/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase subfamily. Calcium signaling is crucial for several aspects of plasticity at glutamatergic synapses. In mammalian cells, the enzyme is composed of four different chains: alpha, beta, gamma, and delta. The product of this gene is a beta chain. It is possible that distinct isoforms of this chain have different cellular localizations and interact differently with calmodulin. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, May 2014]

NADPH oxidase, EF-hand calcium binding domain 5

Enables proton channel activity and superoxide-generating NAD(P)H oxidase activity. Involved in several processes, including endothelial cell proliferation; proton transmembrane transport; and superoxide anion generation. Located in endoplasmic reticulum and plasma membrane. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

S100 calcium binding protein Z

Members of the S100 protein family contain 2 calcium-binding EF-hands and exhibit cell-type specific expression patterns. For additional background information on S100 proteins, see MIM 114085.[supplied by OMIM, Mar 2008]

S100 calcium binding protein A7 pseudogene 1

S100 calcium binding protein A7 pseudogene 2

S100 calcium binding protein A11

The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the S100 family of proteins containing 2 EF-hand calcium-binding motifs. S100 proteins are localized in the cytoplasm and/or nucleus of a wide range of cells, and involved in the regulation of a number of cellular processes such as cell cycle progression and differentiation. S100 genes include at least 13 members which are located as a cluster on chromosome 1q21. This protein may function in motility, invasion, and tubulin polymerization. Chromosomal rearrangements and altered expression of this gene have been implicated in tumor metastasis. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

S100 calcium binding protein A10

The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the S100 family of proteins containing 2 EF-hand calcium-binding motifs. S100 proteins are localized in the cytoplasm and/or nucleus of a wide range of cells, and involved in the regulation of a number of cellular processes such as cell cycle progression and differentiation. S100 genes include at least 13 members which are located as a cluster on chromosome 1q21. This protein may function in exocytosis and endocytosis. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

S100 calcium binding protein A13

The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the S100 family of proteins containing 2 EF-hand calcium-binding motifs. S100 proteins are localized in the cytoplasm and/or nucleus of a wide range of cells, and involved in the regulation of a number of cellular processes such as cell cycle progression and differentiation. S100 genes include at least 13 members which are located as a cluster on chromosome 1q21. This protein is widely expressed in various types of tissues with a high expression level in thyroid gland. In smooth muscle cells, this protein co-expresses with other family members in the nucleus and in stress fibers, suggesting diverse functions in signal transduction. Multiple alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding the same protein have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

S100 calcium binding protein A12

The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the S100 family of proteins containing 2 EF-hand calcium-binding motifs. S100 proteins are localized in the cytoplasm and/or nucleus of a wide range of cells, and involved in the regulation of a number of cellular processes such as cell cycle progression and differentiation. S100 genes include at least 13 members which are located as a cluster on chromosome 1q21. This protein is proposed to be involved in specific calcium-dependent signal transduction pathways and its regulatory effect on cytoskeletal components may modulate various neutrophil activities. The protein includes an antimicrobial peptide which has antibacterial activity. [provided by RefSeq, Nov 2014]

S100 calcium binding protein A14

This gene encodes a member of the S100 protein family which contains an EF-hand motif and binds calcium. The gene is located in a cluster of S100 genes on chromosome 1. Levels of the encoded protein have been found to be lower in cancerous tissue and associated with metastasis suggesting a tumor suppressor function (PMID: 19956863, 19351828). [provided by RefSeq, Dec 2011]

S100 calcium binding protein A16

Enables calcium ion binding activity and protein homodimerization activity. Predicted to act upstream of or within response to calcium ion. Located in several cellular components, including cytosol; extracellular space; and nucleolus. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

calcium channel, voltage-dependent, alpha 2/delta subunit 1

The preproprotein encoded by this gene is cleaved into multiple chains that comprise the alpha-2 and delta subunits of the voltage-dependent calcium channel complex. Calcium channels mediate the influx of calcium ions into the cell upon membrane polarization. Mutations in this gene can cause cardiac deficiencies, including Brugada syndrome and short QT syndrome. Alternate splicing results in multiple transcript variants, some of which may lack the delta subunit portion. [provided by RefSeq, Nov 2014]

potassium channel, calcium activated large conductance subfamily M alpha, member 1

This gene encodes the alpha subunit of calcium-activated BK channel. The encoded protein is involved in several physiological processes including smooth muscle contraction, neurotransmitter release and neuronal excitability. Mutations in this gene are associated with a spectrum of neurological disorders including Paroxysmal Nonkinesigenic Dyskinesia 3, Idiopathic Generalized Epilepsy 16 and Liang-Wang syndrome. [provided by RefSeq, Aug 2022]

EF-hand calcium binding domain 9

This gene encodes a protein with a C-terminal EF-hand calcium-binding domain similar to that found in penta-EF-hand (PEF) protein family members. The EF-hand is a helix-loop-helix structure with a canonical twelve-residue sequence that coordinates a calcium molecule with pentagonal bipyramidal symmetry. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2017]

EF-hand calcium binding domain 8

Predicted to enable calcium ion binding activity. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

EF-hand calcium binding domain 5

Predicted to enable calcium ion binding activity. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

EF-hand calcium binding domain 7

Predicted to enable calcium ion binding activity. Predicted to be involved in positive regulation of protein import into nucleus; positive regulation of protein localization to ciliary membrane; and positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II. Predicted to be located in cytoplasmic side of plasma membrane. Predicted to be part of plasma membrane protein complex. Predicted to be active in ciliary membrane. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

EF-hand calcium binding domain 6

This gene encodes a protein which directly binds the oncogene DJ-1 and androgen receptor to form a ternary complex in cells. This binding protein recruits histone-deacetylase complexes in order to repress transcription activity of androgen receptor. This protein may also play a role in spermatogenesis and fertilization. Multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Sep 2011]

EF-hand calcium binding domain 1

Predicted to enable calcium ion binding activity. Predicted to be involved in several processes, including cilium movement; outer dynein arm assembly; and regulation of flagellated sperm motility. Predicted to be located in cilium. Implicated in primary ciliary dyskinesia. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

EF-hand calcium binding domain 3

Predicted to enable calcium ion binding activity. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

EF-hand calcium binding domain 2

The gene encodes a protein that contains two EF-hand calcium-binding domains although its function has yet to be determined. Alternatively spliced transcripts have been observed. [provided by RefSeq, Mar 2014]

calcium binding protein 7

Predicted to enable calcium ion binding activity. Located in trans-Golgi network membrane. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

calcium binding protein 5

The product of this gene belongs to a subfamily of calcium binding proteins, which share similarity to calmodulin. Calcium binding proteins are an important component of calcium mediated cellular signal transduction. Expression of this gene is retina-specific. The mouse homolog of this protein has been shown to express in the inner nuclear layer of the retina, suggested its role in neuronal functioning. The specific function of this gene is unknown. [provided by RefSeq, Oct 2009]

calcium binding protein 2

This gene belongs to a subfamily of calcium binding proteins that share similarity to calmodulin. Like calmodulin, these family members can likely stimulate calmodulin-dependent kinase II and the protein phosphatase calcineurin. Calcium binding proteins are an important component of calcium mediated cellular signal transduction. Two transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Jan 2016]

calcium binding protein 1

Calcium binding proteins are an important component of calcium mediated cellular signal transduction. This gene encodes a protein that belongs to a subfamily of calcium binding proteins which share similarity to calmodulin. The protein encoded by this gene regulates the gating of voltage-gated calcium ion channels. This protein inhibits calcium-dependent inactivation and supports calcium-dependent facilitation of ion channels containing voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1C. This protein also regulates calcium-dependent activity of inositol 1,4,5-triphosphate receptors, P/Q-type voltage-gated calcium channels, and transient receptor potential channel TRPC5. This gene is predominantly expressed in retina and brain. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants encoding disinct isoforms. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2012]

phospholipase A2, group IVC (cytosolic, calcium-independent)

This gene encodes a protein which is a member of the phospholipase A2 enzyme family which hydrolyzes glycerophospholipids to produce free fatty acids and lysophospholipids, both of which serve as precursors in the production of signaling molecules. The encoded protein has been shown to be a calcium-independent and membrane bound enzyme. Multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Apr 2009]

phospholipase A2, group IVA (cytosolic, calcium-dependent)

This gene encodes a member of the cytosolic phospholipase A2 group IV family. The enzyme catalyzes the hydrolysis of membrane phospholipids to release arachidonic acid which is subsequently metabolized into eicosanoids. Eicosanoids, including prostaglandins and leukotrienes, are lipid-based cellular hormones that regulate hemodynamics, inflammatory responses, and other intracellular pathways. The hydrolysis reaction also produces lysophospholipids that are converted into platelet-activating factor. The enzyme is activated by increased intracellular Ca(2+) levels and phosphorylation, resulting in its translocation from the cytosol and nucleus to perinuclear membrane vesicles. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2015]

S100 calcium binding protein A11 pseudogene 4

S100 calcium binding protein A11 pseudogene 2

S100 calcium binding protein A11 pseudogene 3

S100 calcium binding protein A11 pseudogene 1

solute carrier family 24 (sodium/potassium/calcium exchanger), member 4

This gene encodes a sodium/potassium/calcium exchange protein. The encoded antiporter transports one calcium and one potassium ion in exchange for four sodium ions and has been implicated in amelogenesis and enamel maturation. Certain variants in this gene have been associated with skin, hair, and eye pigmentation, while other variants have been identified in people with hypomaturation-type amelogenesis imperfecta. [provided by RefSeq, Nov 2023]

solute carrier family 24 (sodium/potassium/calcium exchanger), member 5

This gene is a member of the potassium-dependent sodium/calcium exchanger family and encodes an intracellular membrane protein with 2 large hydrophilic loops and 2 sets of multiple transmembrane-spanning segments. Sequence variation in this gene has been associated with differences in skin pigmentation. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

solute carrier family 24 (sodium/potassium/calcium exchanger), member 2

This gene encodes a member of the calcium/cation antiporter superfamily of transport proteins. The encoded protein belongs to the SLC24 branch of exchangers, which can mediate the extrusion of one Ca2+ ion and one K+ ion in exchange for four Na+ ions. This family member is a retinal cone/brain exchanger that can mediate a light-induced decrease in free Ca2+ concentration. This protein may also play a neuroprotective role during ischemic brain injury. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Aug 2011]

solute carrier family 24 (sodium/potassium/calcium exchanger), member 3

Plasma membrane sodium/calcium exchangers are an important component of intracellular calcium homeostasis and electrical conduction. Potassium-dependent sodium/calcium exchangers such as SLC24A3 are believed to transport 1 intracellular calcium and 1 potassium ion in exchange for 4 extracellular sodium ions (Kraev et al., 2001 [PubMed 11294880]).[supplied by OMIM, Mar 2008]

solute carrier family 24 (sodium/potassium/calcium exchanger), member 1

This gene encodes a member of the potassium-dependent sodium/calcium exchanger protein family. The encoded protein plays an important role in sodium/calcium exchange in retinal rod and cone photoreceptors by mediating the extrusion of one calcium ion and one potassium ion in exchange for four sodium ions. Mutations in this gene may play a role in congenital stationary night blindness. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding multiple isoforms have been observed for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Dec 2011]

calcium channel flower domain containing 1

Predicted to be involved in vesicle-mediated transport. Predicted to be located in several cellular components, including Golgi apparatus; cytoplasmic vesicle; and endoplasmic reticulum membrane. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

protein phosphatase, EF-hand calcium binding domain 2

This gene encodes a member of the serine/threonine protein phosphatase with EF-hand motif family. The protein contains a protein phosphatase catalytic domain, and at least two EF-hand calcium-binding motifs in its C terminus. Although its substrate(s) is unknown, the encoded protein, which is expressed specifically in photoreceptors and the pineal, has been suggested to play a role in the visual system. This gene shares high sequence similarity with the Drosophila retinal degeneration C (rdgC) gene. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

protein phosphatase, EF-hand calcium binding domain 1

This gene encodes a member of the serine/threonine protein phosphatase with EF-hand motif family. The protein contains a protein phosphatase catalytic domain, and at least two EF-hand calcium-binding motifs in its C terminus. Although its substrate(s) is unknown, the encoded protein has been suggested to play a role in specific sensory neuron function and/or development. This gene shares high sequence similarity with the Drosophila retinal degeneration C (rdgC) gene. Several alternatively spliced transcript variants, each encoding a distinct isoform, have been described. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

calcium binding protein P22 pseudogene

solute carrier family 8 (sodium/calcium exchanger), member 1

In cardiac myocytes, Ca(2+) concentrations alternate between high levels during contraction and low levels during relaxation. The increase in Ca(2+) concentration during contraction is primarily due to release of Ca(2+) from intracellular stores. However, some Ca(2+) also enters the cell through the sarcolemma (plasma membrane). During relaxation, Ca(2+) is sequestered within the intracellular stores. To prevent overloading of intracellular stores, the Ca(2+) that entered across the sarcolemma must be extruded from the cell. The Na(+)-Ca(2+) exchanger is the primary mechanism by which the Ca(2+) is extruded from the cell during relaxation. In the heart, the exchanger may play a key role in digitalis action. The exchanger is the dominant mechanism in returning the cardiac myocyte to its resting state following excitation.[supplied by OMIM, Apr 2004]

solute carrier family 8 (sodium/calcium exchanger), member 3

This gene encodes a member of the sodium/calcium exchanger integral membrane protein family. Na+/Ca2+ exchange proteins are involved in maintaining Ca2+ homeostasis in a wide variety of cell types. The protein is regulated by intracellular calcium ions and is found in both the plasma membrane and intracellular organellar membranes, where exchange of Na+ for Ca2+ occurs in an electrogenic manner. Alternative splicing has been observed for this gene and multiple variants have been described. [provided by RefSeq, Aug 2013]

solute carrier family 8 (sodium/calcium exchanger), member 2

Predicted to enable calcium:monoatomic cation antiporter activity involved in regulation of postsynaptic cytosolic calcium ion concentration and calcium:sodium antiporter activity. Predicted to be involved in several processes, including learning or memory; monoatomic cation transmembrane transport; and regulation of short-term neuronal synaptic plasticity. Predicted to act upstream of or within several processes, including modulation of chemical synaptic transmission; regulation of action potential firing pattern; and response to ischemia. Located in presynapse. Biomarker of Alzheimer's disease. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

calcium channel, voltage-dependent, alpha 2/delta subunit 2

Calcium channels mediate the entry of calcium ions into the cell upon membrane polarization. This gene encodes the alpha-2/delta subunit of the voltage-dependent calcium channel complex. The complex consists of the main channel-forming subunit alpha-1, and auxiliary subunits alpha-2/delta, beta, and gamma. The auxiliary subunits function in the assembly and membrane localization of the complex, and modulate calcium currents and channel activation/inactivation kinetics. The subunit encoded by this gene undergoes post-translational cleavage to yield the extracellular alpha2 peptide and a membrane-anchored delta polypeptide. This subunit is a receptor for the antiepileptic drug, gabapentin. Mutations in this gene are associated with early infantile epileptic encephalopathy. Single nucleotide polymorphisms in this gene are correlated with increased sensitivity to opioid drugs. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms. [provided by RefSeq, Mar 2014]

calcium channel, voltage-dependent, alpha 2/delta subunit 3

This gene encodes a member of the alpha-2/delta subunit family, a protein in the voltage-dependent calcium channel complex. Calcium channels mediate the influx of calcium ions into the cell upon membrane polarization and consist of a complex of alpha-1, alpha-2/delta, beta, and gamma subunits in a 1:1:1:1 ratio. Various versions of each of these subunits exist, either expressed from similar genes or the result of alternative splicing. Research on a highly similar protein in rabbit suggests the protein described in this record is cleaved into alpha-2 and delta subunits. Alternate transcriptional splice variants of this gene have been observed but have not been thoroughly characterized. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

calcium channel, voltage-dependent, alpha 2/delta subunit 4

This gene encodes a member of the alpha-2/delta subunit family, a protein in the voltage-dependent calcium channel complex. Calcium channels mediate the influx of calcium ions into the cell upon membrane polarization and consist of a complex of alpha-1, alpha-2/delta, beta, and gamma subunits in a 1:1:1:1 ratio. Various versions of each of these subunits exist, either expressed from similar genes or the result of alternative splicing. Research on a highly similar protein in rabbit suggests the protein described in this record is cleaved into alpha-2 and delta subunits. Alternate transcriptional splice variants of this gene have been observed but have not been thoroughly characterized. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

calcium and integrin binding family member 2

The protein encoded by this gene is similar to that of KIP/CIB, calcineurin B, and calmodulin. The encoded protein is a calcium-binding regulatory protein that interacts with DNA-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunits (DNA-PKcs), and it is involved in photoreceptor cell maintenance. Mutations in this gene cause deafness, autosomal recessive, 48 (DFNB48), and also Usher syndrome 1J (USH1J). Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2014]

calcium and integrin binding family member 3

This gene product shares a high degree of sequence similarity with DNA-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit-interacting protein 2 in human and mouse, and like them may bind the catalytic subunit of DNA-dependent protein kinases. The exact function of this gene is not known. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2014]

calcium and integrin binding 1 (calmyrin)

This gene encodes a member of the EF-hand domain-containing calcium-binding superfamily. The encoded protein interacts with many other proteins, including the platelet integrin alpha-IIb-beta-3, DNA-dependent protein kinase, presenilin-2, focal adhesion kinase, p21 activated kinase, and protein kinase D. The encoded protein may be involved in cell survival and proliferation, and is associated with several disease states including cancer and Alzheimer's disease. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Apr 2013]

calcium and integrin binding family member 4

Enables calcium ion binding activity and magnesium ion binding activity. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

calcium/calmodulin-dependent serine protein kinase (MAGUK family)

This gene encodes a calcium/calmodulin-dependent serine protein kinase. The encoded protein is a MAGUK (membrane-associated guanylate kinase) protein family member. These proteins are scaffold proteins and the encoded protein is located at synapses in the brain. Mutations in this gene are associated with FG syndrome 4, intellectual disability and microcephaly with pontine and cerebellar hypoplasia, and a form of X-linked intellectual disability. Multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2017]

calcium-sensing receptor

The protein encoded by this gene is a plasma membrane G protein-coupled receptor that senses small changes in circulating calcium concentration. The encoded protein couples this information to intracellular signaling pathways that modify parathyroid hormone secretion or renal cation handling, and thus this protein plays an essential role in maintaining mineral ion homeostasis. Mutations in this gene are a cause of familial hypocalciuric hypercalcemia, neonatal severe hyperparathyroidism, and autosomal dominant hypocalcemia. [provided by RefSeq, Aug 2017]

calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II inhibitor 2

This gene encodes a protein that is highly similar to the rat CaM-KII inhibitory protein, an inhibitor of calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CAMKII). CAMKII regulates numerous physiological functions, including neuronal synaptic plasticity through the phosphorylation of alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid-type glutamate (AMPA) receptors. Studies of the similar protein in rat suggest that this protein may function as a negative regulator of CaM-KII and may act to inhibit the phosphorylation of AMPA receptors. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II inhibitor 1

Predicted to enable calcium-dependent protein kinase inhibitor activity and protein kinase binding activity. Predicted to be involved in long-term memory and positive regulation of inflammatory response. Predicted to be located in neuronal cell body and synapse. Implicated in ovarian cancer; ovarian carcinoma; and prostate adenocarcinoma. Biomarker of hepatocellular carcinoma; oral squamous cell carcinoma; papillary thyroid carcinoma; and prostate cancer. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

calcium channel, voltage-dependent, gamma subunit 8

The protein encoded by this gene is a type I transmembrane AMPA receptor regulatory protein (TARP). TARPs regulate both trafficking and channel gating of the AMPA receptors. This gene is part of a functionally diverse eight-member protein subfamily of the PMP-22/EMP/MP20 family and is located in a cluster with two family members, a type II TARP and a calcium channel gamma subunit. The mRNA for this gene is believed to initiate translation from a non-AUG (CUG) start codon. [provided by RefSeq, Dec 2010]

calcium channel, voltage-dependent, gamma subunit 3

The protein encoded by this gene is a type I transmembrane AMPA receptor regulatory protein (TARP). TARPs regulate both trafficking and channel gating of the AMPA receptors. This gene is part of a functionally diverse eight-member protein subfamily of the PMP-22/EMP/MP20 family. This gene is a susceptibility locus for childhood absence epilepsy. [provided by RefSeq, Dec 2010]

calcium channel, voltage-dependent, gamma subunit 6

Voltage-dependent calcium channels are composed of five subunits. The protein encoded by this gene represents one of these subunits, gamma, and is one of two known gamma subunit proteins. This particular gamma subunit is an integral membrane protein that is thought to stabilize the calcium channel in an inactive (closed) state. This gene is part of a functionally diverse eight-member protein subfamily of the PMP-22/EMP/MP20 family and is located in a cluster with two family members that function as transmembrane AMPA receptor regulatory proteins (TARPs). Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. Variants in this gene have been associated with aspirin-intolerant asthma. [provided by RefSeq, Dec 2010]

calcium channel, voltage-dependent, gamma subunit 7

The protein encoded by this gene is a type II transmembrane AMPA receptor regulatory protein (TARP). TARPs regulate both trafficking and channel gating of the AMPA receptors. This gene is part of a functionally diverse eight-member protein subfamily of the PMP-22/EMP/MP20 family and is located in a cluster with two family members, a type I TARP and a calcium channel gamma subunit. [provided by RefSeq, Dec 2010]

mitochondrial calcium uptake family, member 3

Enables calcium channel regulator activity; calcium ion sensor activity; and protein heterodimerization activity. Involved in calcium import into the mitochondrion and cellular response to calcium ion. Located in mitochondrion. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

mitochondrial calcium uptake 2

Enables several functions, including calcium channel regulator activity; calcium ion sensor activity; and protein heterodimerization activity. Involved in calcium import into the mitochondrion; cellular response to calcium ion; and negative regulation of mitochondrial calcium ion concentration. Located in mitochondrial intermembrane space. Part of uniplex complex. Is active in mitochondrial inner membrane. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

mitochondrial calcium uptake 1

This gene encodes an essential regulator of mitochondrial Ca2+ uptake under basal conditions. The encoded protein interacts with the mitochondrial calcium uniporter, a mitochondrial inner membrane Ca2+ channel, and is essential in preventing mitochondrial Ca2+ overload, which can cause excessive production of reactive oxygen species and cell stress. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been described. [provided by RefSeq, Mar 2013]

reticulocalbin 3, EF-hand calcium binding domain

Enables calcium ion binding activity. Involved in several processes, including collagen biosynthetic process; positive regulation of peptidase activity; and regulation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B signal transduction. Located in endoplasmic reticulum. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

reticulocalbin 2, EF-hand calcium binding domain

The protein encoded by this gene is a calcium-binding protein located in the lumen of the ER. The protein contains six conserved regions with similarity to a high affinity Ca(+2)-binding motif, the EF-hand. This gene maps to the same region as type 4 Bardet-Biedl syndrome, suggesting a possible causative role for this gene in the disorder. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Nov 2012]

reticulocalbin 1, EF-hand calcium binding domain

Reticulocalbin 1 is a calcium-binding protein located in the lumen of the ER. The protein contains six conserved regions with similarity to a high affinity Ca(+2)-binding motif, the EF-hand. High conservation of amino acid residues outside of these motifs, in comparison to mouse reticulocalbin, is consistent with a possible biochemical function besides that of calcium binding. In human endothelial and prostate cancer cell lines this protein localizes to the plasma membrane.[provided by RefSeq, Jan 2009]

neuronal calcium sensor 1

This gene is a member of the neuronal calcium sensor gene family, which encode calcium-binding proteins expressed predominantly in neurons. The protein encoded by this gene regulates G protein-coupled receptor phosphorylation in a calcium-dependent manner and can substitute for calmodulin. The protein is associated with secretory granules and modulates synaptic transmission and synaptic plasticity. Multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

histidine rich calcium binding protein

This gene encodes a luminal sarcoplasmic reticulum protein identified by its ability to bind low-density lipoprotein with high affinity. The protein interacts with the cytoplasmic domain of triadin, the main transmembrane protein of the junctional sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) of skeletal muscle. The protein functions in the regulation of releasable calcium into the SR. [provided by RefSeq, Sep 2008]

calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase IG

Predicted to enable calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase activity and calmodulin binding activity. Predicted to be involved in signal transduction. Predicted to be located in Golgi membrane and plasma membrane. Predicted to be part of calcium- and calmodulin-dependent protein kinase complex. Predicted to be active in cytoplasm. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

calcium binding protein 39-like

Predicted to enable protein serine/threonine kinase activator activity. Predicted to be involved in intracellular signal transduction. Predicted to be located in cytosol. Predicted to be part of cytoplasm and serine/threonine protein kinase complex. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

S100 calcium binding protein A7A

Enables identical protein binding activity. Predicted to act upstream of or within inflammatory response. Located in cytosol. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

S100 calcium binding protein A9

The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the S100 family of proteins containing 2 EF-hand calcium-binding motifs. S100 proteins are localized in the cytoplasm and/or nucleus of a wide range of cells, and involved in the regulation of a number of cellular processes such as cell cycle progression and differentiation. S100 genes include at least 13 members which are located as a cluster on chromosome 1q21. This protein may function in the inhibition of casein kinase and altered expression of this protein is associated with the disease cystic fibrosis. This antimicrobial protein exhibits antifungal and antibacterial activity. [provided by RefSeq, Nov 2014]

S100 calcium binding protein A8

The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the S100 family of proteins containing 2 EF-hand calcium-binding motifs. S100 proteins are localized in the cytoplasm and/or nucleus of a wide range of cells, and involved in the regulation of a number of cellular processes such as cell cycle progression and differentiation. S100 genes include at least 13 members which are located as a cluster on chromosome 1q21. This protein may function in the inhibition of casein kinase and as a cytokine. Altered expression of this protein is associated with the disease cystic fibrosis. Multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Jan 2016]

S100 calcium binding protein A5

The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the S100 family of proteins containing 2 EF-hand calcium-binding motifs. S100 proteins are localized in the cytoplasm and/or nucleus of a wide range of cells, and involved in the regulation of a number of cellular processes such as cell cycle progression and differentiation. S100 genes include at least 13 members which are located as a cluster on chromosome 1q21. This protein has a Ca2+ affinity 20- to 100-fold higher than the other S100 proteins studied under identical conditions. This protein also binds Zn2+ and Cu2+, and Cu2+ strongly which impairs the binding of Ca2+. This protein is expressed in very restricted regions of the adult brain. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

S100 calcium binding protein A4

The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the S100 family of proteins containing 2 EF-hand calcium-binding motifs. S100 proteins are localized in the cytoplasm and/or nucleus of a wide range of cells, and involved in the regulation of a number of cellular processes such as cell cycle progression and differentiation. S100 genes include at least 13 members which are located as a cluster on chromosome 1q21. This protein may function in motility, invasion, and tubulin polymerization. Chromosomal rearrangements and altered expression of this gene have been implicated in tumor metastasis. Multiple alternatively spliced variants, encoding the same protein, have been identified. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

S100 calcium binding protein A7

The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the S100 family of proteins containing 2 EF-hand calcium-binding motifs. S100 proteins are localized in the cytoplasm and/or nucleus of a wide range of cells, and involved in the regulation of a number of cellular processes such as cell cycle progression and differentiation. S100 genes include at least 13 members which are located as a cluster on chromosome 1q21. This protein differs from the other S100 proteins of known structure in its lack of calcium binding ability in one EF-hand at the N-terminus. The protein is overexpressed in hyperproliferative skin diseases, exhibits antimicrobial activities against bacteria and induces immunomodulatory activities. [provided by RefSeq, Nov 2014]

S100 calcium binding protein A6

The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the S100 family of proteins containing 2 EF-hand calcium-binding motifs. S100 proteins are localized in the cytoplasm and/or nucleus of a wide range of cells, and involved in the regulation of a number of cellular processes such as cell cycle progression and differentiation. S100 genes include at least 13 members which are located as a cluster on chromosome 1q21. This protein may function in stimulation of Ca2+-dependent insulin release, stimulation of prolactin secretion, and exocytosis. Chromosomal rearrangements and altered expression of this gene have been implicated in melanoma. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

S100 calcium binding protein A1

The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the S100 family of proteins containing 2 EF-hand calcium-binding motifs. S100 proteins are localized in the cytoplasm and/or nucleus of a wide range of cells, and involved in the regulation of a number of cellular processes such as cell cycle progression and differentiation. S100 genes include at least 13 members which are located as a cluster on chromosome 1q21. This protein may function in stimulation of Ca2+-induced Ca2+ release, inhibition of microtubule assembly, and inhibition of protein kinase C-mediated phosphorylation. Reduced expression of this protein has been implicated in cardiomyopathies. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

S100 calcium binding protein A3

The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the S100 family of proteins containing 2 EF-hand calcium-binding motifs. S100 proteins are localized in the cytoplasm and/or nucleus of a wide range of cells, and involved in the regulation of a number of cellular processes such as cell cycle progression and differentiation. S100 genes include at least 13 members which are located as a cluster on chromosome 1q21. This protein has the highest content of cysteines of all S100 proteins, has a high affinity for Zinc, and is highly expressed in human hair cuticle. The precise function of this protein is unknown. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

S100 calcium binding protein A2

The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the S100 family of proteins containing 2 EF-hand calcium-binding motifs. S100 proteins are localized in the cytoplasm and/or nucleus of a wide range of cells, and involved in the regulation of a number of cellular processes such as cell cycle progression and differentiation. S100 genes include at least 13 members which are located as a cluster on chromosome 1q21. This protein may have a tumor suppressor function. Chromosomal rearrangements and altered expression of this gene have been implicated in breast cancer. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

mitochondrial calcium uniporter

Enables calcium channel activity; identical protein binding activity; and uniporter activity. Involved in several processes, including cellular response to calcium ion starvation; positive regulation of mitochondrial calcium ion concentration; and positive regulation of mitochondrial fission. Located in mitochondrion. Part of uniplex complex. Is active in mitochondrial inner membrane. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

mitochondrial calcium uniporter regulator 1 pseudogene

calcium activated nucleotidase 1

This protein encoded by this gene belongs to the apyrase family. It functions as a calcium-dependent nucleotidase with a preference for UDP. Mutations in this gene are associated with Desbuquois dysplasia with hand anomalies. Alternatively spliced transcript variants have been noted for this gene.[provided by RefSeq, Mar 2010]

calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase ID

This gene is a member of the calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase 1 family, a subfamily of the serine/threonine kinases. The encoded protein is a component of the calcium-regulated calmodulin-dependent protein kinase cascade. It has been associated with multiple processes including regulation of granulocyte function, activation of CREB-dependent gene transcription, aldosterone synthesis, differentiation and activation of neutrophil cells, and apoptosis of erythroleukemia cells. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms of this gene have been described. [provided by RefSeq, Jan 2015]

calcium channel, voltage-dependent, beta 3 subunit

This gene encodes a regulatory beta subunit of the voltage-dependent calcium channel. Beta subunits are composed of five domains, which contribute to the regulation of surface expression and gating of calcium channels and may also play a role in the regulation of transcription factors and calcium transport. [provided by RefSeq, Oct 2011]

calcium channel, voltage-dependent, beta 2 subunit

This gene encodes a subunit of a voltage-dependent calcium channel protein that is a member of the voltage-gated calcium channel superfamily. The gene product was originally identified as an antigen target in Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome, an autoimmune disorder. Mutations in this gene are associated with Brugada syndrome. Alternatively spliced variants encoding different isoforms have been described. [provided by RefSeq, Feb 2013]

calcium channel, voltage-dependent, beta 1 subunit

The protein encoded by this gene belongs to the calcium channel beta subunit family. It plays an important role in the calcium channel by modulating G protein inhibition, increasing peak calcium current, controlling the alpha-1 subunit membrane targeting and shifting the voltage dependence of activation and inactivation. Alternative splicing occurs at this locus and three transcript variants encoding three distinct isoforms have been identified. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

calcium channel, voltage-dependent, beta 4 subunit

This gene encodes a member of the beta subunit family of voltage-dependent calcium channel complex proteins. Calcium channels mediate the influx of calcium ions into the cell upon membrane polarization and consist of a complex of alpha-1, alpha-2/delta, beta, and gamma subunits in a 1:1:1:1 ratio. Various versions of each of these subunits exist, either expressed from similar genes or the result of alternative splicing. The protein encoded by this locus plays an important role in calcium channel function by modulating G protein inhibition, increasing peak calcium current, controlling the alpha-1 subunit membrane targeting and shifting the voltage dependence of activation and inactivation. Certain mutations in this gene have been associated with idiopathic generalized epilepsy (IGE), juvenile myoclonic epilepsy (JME), and episodic ataxia, type 5. [provided by RefSeq, Aug 2016]

calcium channel, voltage-dependent, gamma subunit 1

Voltage-dependent calcium channels are composed of five subunits. The protein encoded by this gene represents one of these subunits, gamma, and is one of two known gamma subunit proteins. This particular gamma subunit is part of skeletal muscle 1,4-dihydropyridine-sensitive calcium channels and is an integral membrane protein that plays a role in excitation-contraction coupling. This gene is part of a functionally diverse eight-member protein subfamily of the PMP-22/EMP/MP20 family and is located in a cluster with two family members that function as transmembrane AMPA receptor regulatory proteins (TARPs). [provided by RefSeq, Dec 2010]

calcium activated nucleotidase 1 pseudogene

calcium channel, voltage-dependent, T type, alpha 1H subunit

This gene encodes a T-type member of the alpha-1 subunit family, a protein in the voltage-dependent calcium channel complex. Calcium channels mediate the influx of calcium ions into the cell upon membrane polarization and consist of a complex of alpha-1, alpha-2/delta, beta, and gamma subunits in a 1:1:1:1 ratio. The alpha-1 subunit has 24 transmembrane segments and forms the pore through which ions pass into the cell. There are multiple isoforms of each of the proteins in the complex, either encoded by different genes or the result of alternative splicing of transcripts. Alternate transcriptional splice variants, encoding different isoforms, have been characterized for the gene described here. Studies suggest certain mutations in this gene lead to childhood absence epilepsy (CAE). [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

calcium channel, voltage-dependent, T type, alpha 1I subunit

This gene encodes the pore-forming alpha subunit of a voltage gated calcium channel. The encoded protein is a member of a subfamily of calcium channels referred to as is a low voltage-activated, T-type, calcium channel. The channel encoded by this protein is characterized by a slower activation and inactivation compared to other T-type calcium channels. This protein may be involved in calcium signaling in neurons. Alternate splicing results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Oct 2011]

calcium channel, voltage-dependent, P/Q type, alpha 1A subunit

Voltage-dependent calcium channels mediate the entry of calcium ions into excitable cells, and are also involved in a variety of calcium-dependent processes, including muscle contraction, hormone or neurotransmitter release, and gene expression. Calcium channels are multisubunit complexes composed of alpha-1, beta, alpha-2/delta, and gamma subunits. The channel activity is directed by the pore-forming alpha-1 subunit, whereas, the others act as auxiliary subunits regulating this activity. The distinctive properties of the calcium channel types are related primarily to the expression of a variety of alpha-1 isoforms, alpha-1A, B, C, D, E, and S. This gene encodes the alpha-1A subunit, which is predominantly expressed in neuronal tissue. Mutations in this gene are associated with 2 neurologic disorders, familial hemiplegic migraine and episodic ataxia 2. This gene also exhibits polymorphic variation due to (CAG)n-repeats. Multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. In one set of transcript variants, the (CAG)n-repeats occur in the 3' UTR, and are not associated with any disease. But in another set of variants, an insertion extends the coding region to include the (CAG)n-repeats which encode a polyglutamine tract. Expansion of the (CAG)n-repeats from the normal 4-18 to 21-33 in the coding region is associated with spinocerebellar ataxia 6. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2016]

calcium channel, voltage-dependent, N type, alpha 1B subunit

The protein encoded by this gene is the pore-forming subunit of an N-type voltage-dependent calcium channel, which controls neurotransmitter release from neurons. The encoded protein forms a complex with alpha-2, beta, and delta subunits to form the high-voltage activated channel. This channel is sensitive to omega-conotoxin-GVIA and omega-agatoxin-IIIA but insensitive to dihydropyridines. Two transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Aug 2011]

calcium channel, voltage-dependent, L type, alpha 1C subunit

This gene encodes an alpha-1 subunit of a voltage-dependent calcium channel. Calcium channels mediate the influx of calcium ions into the cell upon membrane polarization. The alpha-1 subunit consists of 24 transmembrane segments and forms the pore through which ions pass into the cell. The calcium channel consists of a complex of alpha-1, alpha-2/delta, beta, and gamma subunits in a 1:1:1:1 ratio. There are multiple isoforms of each of these proteins, either encoded by different genes or the result of alternative splicing of transcripts. The protein encoded by this gene binds to and is inhibited by dihydropyridine. Alternative splicing results in many transcript variants encoding different proteins. Some of the predicted proteins may not produce functional ion channel subunits. [provided by RefSeq, Oct 2012]

calcium channel, voltage-dependent, L type, alpha 1D subunit

Voltage-dependent calcium channels mediate the entry of calcium ions into excitable cells, and are also involved in a variety of calcium-dependent processes, including muscle contraction, hormone or neurotransmitter release, and gene expression. Calcium channels are multisubunit complexes composed of alpha-1, beta, alpha-2/delta, and gamma subunits. The channel activity is directed by the pore-forming alpha-1 subunit, whereas the others act as auxiliary subunits regulating this activity. The distinctive properties of the calcium channel types are related primarily to the expression of a variety of alpha-1 isoforms, namely alpha-1A, B, C, D, E, and S. This gene encodes the alpha-1D subunit. Several transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Dec 2012]

calcium channel, voltage-dependent, R type, alpha 1E subunit

Voltage-dependent calcium channels are multisubunit complexes consisting of alpha-1, alpha-2, beta, and delta subunits in a 1:1:1:1 ratio. These channels mediate the entry of calcium ions into excitable cells, and are also involved in a variety of calcium-dependent processes, including muscle contraction, hormone or neurotransmitter release, gene expression, cell motility, cell division and cell death. This gene encodes the alpha-1E subunit of the R-type calcium channels, which belong to the 'high-voltage activated' group that maybe involved in the modulation of firing patterns of neurons important for information processing. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been described for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Apr 2011]

calcium channel, voltage-dependent, L type, alpha 1F subunit

This gene encodes a multipass transmembrane protein that functions as an alpha-1 subunit of the voltage-dependent calcium channel, which mediates the influx of calcium ions into the cell. The encoded protein forms a complex of alpha-1, alpha-2/delta, beta, and gamma subunits in a 1:1:1:1 ratio. Mutations in this gene can cause X-linked eye disorders, including congenital stationary night blindness type 2A, cone-rod dystropy, and Aland Island eye disease. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding multiple isoforms have been observed. [provided by RefSeq, Aug 2013]

calcium channel, voltage-dependent, gamma subunit 5

The protein encoded by this gene is a type II transmembrane AMPA receptor regulatory protein (TARP). TARPs regulate both trafficking and channel gating of the AMPA receptors. This gene is part of a functionally diverse eight-member protein subfamily of the PMP-22/EMP/MP20 family and is located in a cluster with two family members, a type I TARP and a calcium channel gamma subunit. This gene is a susceptibility locus for schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. [provided by RefSeq, Dec 2010]

collagen and calcium binding EGF domains 1

This gene is thought to function in extracellular matrix remodeling and migration. It is predominantly expressed in the ovary, but down regulated in ovarian cancer cell lines and primary carcinomas, suggesting its role as a tumour suppressor. Mutations in this gene have been associated with Hennekam lymphangiectasia-lymphedema syndrome, a generalized lymphatic dysplasia in humans. [provided by RefSeq, Mar 2010]

calcium-binding protein, spermatid-specific 1

Predicted to enable calcium ion binding activity. Predicted to be involved in flagellated sperm motility and spermatogenesis. Predicted to be located in acrosomal vesicle and sperm principal piece. Predicted to be active in mitochondrial inner membrane and motile cilium. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

calcium binding protein 4

This gene encodes a member of the CABP family of calcium binding protein characterized by four EF-hand motifs. Mutations in this gene are associated with congenital stationary night blindness type 2B. Three transcript variants encoding two different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2014]

calcium-binding mitochondrial carrier protein SCaMC-1-like

secretagogin, EF-hand calcium binding protein

The encoded protein is a secreted calcium-binding protein which is found in the cytoplasm. It is related to calbindin D-28K and calretinin. This protein is thought to be involved in KCL-stimulated calcium flux and cell proliferation. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

N-terminal EF-hand calcium binding protein 3

The protein encoded by this gene interacts with the amino-terminal domain of the neuron-specific X11-like protein (X11L), inhibits the association of X11L with amyloid precursor protein through a non-competitive mechanism, and abolishes the suppression of beta-amyloid production by X11L. This protein, together with X11L, may play an important role in the regulatory system of amyloid precursor protein metabolism and beta-amyloid generation. The protein is phosphorylated by NIMA-related expressed kinase 2, and localizes to the Golgi apparatus. Multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

N-terminal EF-hand calcium binding protein 2

The protein encoded by this gene is a neuronal calcium-binding protein that binds to and modulates the function of at least two receptors, adenosine A(2A) receptor and metabotropic glutamate receptor type 5. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2016]

N-terminal EF-hand calcium binding protein 1

Enables identical protein binding activity. Predicted to be involved in regulation of amyloid precursor protein biosynthetic process. Predicted to act upstream of or within blastocyst hatching. Located in cytosol and nucleoplasm. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

store-operated calcium entry-associated regulatory factor

Involved in regulation of store-operated calcium entry. Located in endoplasmic reticulum membrane and endoplasmic reticulum-plasma membrane contact site. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

calcium channel, voltage-dependent, L type, alpha 1C subunit pseudogene

calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase I

Calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase I is expressed in many tissues and is a component of a calmodulin-dependent protein kinase cascade. Calcium/calmodulin directly activates calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase I by binding to the enzyme and indirectly promotes the phosphorylation and synergistic activation of the enzyme by calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase I kinase. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase IV

The product of this gene belongs to the serine/threonine protein kinase family, and to the Ca(2+)/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase subfamily. This enzyme is a multifunctional serine/threonine protein kinase with limited tissue distribution, that has been implicated in transcriptional regulation in lymphocytes, neurons and male germ cells. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

SPARC related modular calcium binding 2

This gene encodes a member of the SPARC family (secreted protein acidic and rich in cysteine/osteonectin/BM-40), which are highly expressed during embryogenesis and wound healing. The gene product is a matricellular protein which promotes matrix assembly and can stimulate endothelial cell proliferation and migration, as well as angiogenic activity. Associated with pulmonary function, this secretory gene product contains a Kazal domain, two thymoglobulin type-1 domains, and two EF-hand calcium-binding domains. The encoded protein may serve as a target for controlling angiogenesis in tumor growth and myocardial ischemia. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Oct 2009]

SPARC related modular calcium binding 1

This gene encodes a multi-domain secreted protein that may have a critical role in ocular and limb development. Mutations in this gene are associated with microphthalmia and limb anomalies. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Mar 2011]

calcium channel, voltage-dependent, T type, alpha 1G subunit

Voltage-sensitive calcium channels mediate the entry of calcium ions into excitable cells, and are also involved in a variety of calcium-dependent processes, including muscle contraction, hormone or neurotransmitter release, gene expression, cell motility, cell division, and cell death. This gene encodes a T-type, low-voltage activated calcium channel. The T-type channels generate currents that are both transient, owing to fast inactivation, and tiny, owing to small conductance. T-type channels are thought to be involved in pacemaker activity, low-threshold calcium spikes, neuronal oscillations and resonance, and rebound burst firing. Many alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been described for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Sep 2011]

chondrocalcinosis 1 (calcium pyrophosphate-deposition disease, early onset osteoarthritis)

S100 calcium binding protein A7-like 2

This locus is currently categorized as a non-transcribed pseudogene, but the locus type of this gene is unclear since it does contain an intact CDS. This locus lacks evidence indicating that it is transcribed, and very little of the upstream regions found in other family members are present at this locus. [provided by RefSeq, May 2018]

calcium channel, voltage-dependent, L type, alpha 1S subunit

This gene encodes one of the five subunits of the slowly inactivating L-type voltage-dependent calcium channel in skeletal muscle cells. Mutations in this gene have been associated with hypokalemic periodic paralysis, thyrotoxic periodic paralysis and malignant hyperthermia susceptibility. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

calcium release activated channel regulator 2B

Predicted to enable calcium ion binding activity. Involved in store-operated calcium entry. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

calcium release activated channel regulator 2A

Enables GTPase activity and calcium ion binding activity. Involved in several processes, including activation of store-operated calcium channel activity; positive regulation of JNK cascade; and store-operated calcium entry. Located in several cellular components, including Golgi apparatus; Weibel-Palade body; and immunological synapse. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

S100 calcium binding protein P

The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the S100 family of proteins containing 2 EF-hand calcium-binding motifs. S100 proteins are localized in the cytoplasm and/or nucleus of a wide range of cells, and involved in the regulation of a number of cellular processes such as cell cycle progression and differentiation. S100 genes include at least 13 members which are located as a cluster on chromosome 1q21; however, this gene is located at 4p16. This protein, in addition to binding Ca2+, also binds Zn2+ and Mg2+. This protein may play a role in the etiology of prostate cancer. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

S100 calcium binding protein G

This gene encodes calbindin D9K, a vitamin D-dependent calcium-binding protein. This cytosolic protein belongs to a family of calcium-binding proteins that includes calmodulin, parvalbumin, troponin C, and S100 protein. In the intestine, the protein is vitamin D-dependent and its expression correlates with calcium transport activity. The protein may increase Ca2+ absorption by buffering Ca2+ in the cytoplasm and increase ATP-dependent Ca2+ transport in duodenal basolateral membrane vesicles. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

S100 calcium binding protein B

The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the S100 family of proteins containing 2 EF-hand calcium-binding motifs. S100 proteins are localized in the cytoplasm and/or nucleus of a wide range of cells, and involved in the regulation of a number of cellular processes such as cell cycle progression and differentiation. S100 genes include at least 13 members which are located as a cluster on chromosome 1q21; however, this gene is located at 21q22.3. This protein may function in Neurite extension, proliferation of melanoma cells, stimulation of Ca2+ fluxes, inhibition of PKC-mediated phosphorylation, astrocytosis and axonal proliferation, and inhibition of microtubule assembly. Chromosomal rearrangements and altered expression of this gene have been implicated in several neurological, neoplastic, and other types of diseases, including Alzheimer's disease, Down's syndrome, epilepsy, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, melanoma, and type I diabetes. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

calcium channel, voltage-dependent, gamma subunit 2

The protein encoded by this gene is a type I transmembrane AMPA receptor regulatory protein (TARP). TARPs regulate both trafficking and channel gating of the AMPA receptors. The AMPA subtype of ionotropic glutamate receptors are ligand gated ion channels that are typically activated by glutamate released from presynaptic neuron terminals and mediate fast neurotransmission in excitatory synapses. TARPs thus play an important role in synaptic plasticity, learning and memory. Mutations in this gene cause an autosomal dominant form of cognitive disability. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2017]

calcium channel, voltage-dependent, gamma subunit 4

The protein encoded by this gene is a type I transmembrane AMPA receptor regulatory protein (TARP). TARPs regulate both trafficking and channel gating of the AMPA receptors. This gene is part of a functionally diverse eight-member protein subfamily of the PMP-22/EMP/MP20 family and is located in a cluster with two family members, a type II TARP and a calcium channel gamma subunit. [provided by RefSeq, Dec 2010]

C2 calcium-dependent domain containing 3

This gene encodes a protein that functions as a regulator of centriole elongation. Studies of the orthologous mouse protein show that it promotes centriolar distal appendage assembly and is also required for the recruitment of other ciliogenic proteins, including intraflagellar transport proteins. Mutations in this gene cause orofaciodigital syndrome XIV (OFD14), a ciliopathy resulting in malformations of the oral cavity, face and digits. Alternative splicing of this gene results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Nov 2014]

C2 calcium-dependent domain containing 2

Located in cytosol and nucleus. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

C2 calcium-dependent domain containing 5

Enables calcium ion binding activity and calcium-dependent phospholipid binding activity. Involved in several processes, including insulin receptor signaling pathway; intracellular protein transmembrane transport; and positive regulation of protein targeting to membrane. Located in several cellular components, including centriolar satellite; cytoplasmic vesicle membrane; and ruffle membrane. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

calcium binding tyrosine-(Y)-phosphorylation regulated

To reach fertilization competence, spermatozoa undergo a series of morphological and molecular maturational processes, termed capacitation, involving protein tyrosine phosphorylation and increased intracellular calcium. The protein encoded by this gene localizes to the principal piece of the sperm flagellum in association with the fibrous sheath and exhibits calcium-binding when phosphorylated during capacitation. A pseudogene on chromosome 3 has been identified for this gene. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding distinct protein isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2013]

calcium/calmodulin-dependent serine protein kinase (MAGUK family) pseudogene 1

mitochondrial calcium uniporter regulator 1

Involved in calcium import into the mitochondrion; calcium ion import; and positive regulation of mitochondrial calcium ion concentration. Located in mitochondrial inner membrane. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

grancalcin, EF-hand calcium binding protein

This gene encodes a calcium-binding protein that is abundant in neutrophils and macrophages. In the absence of divalent cation, this protein localizes to the cytosolic fraction; with magnesium alone, it partitions with the granule fraction; and in the presence of magnesium and calcium, it associates with both the granule and membrane fractions. Alternative splicing and use of alternative promoters results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Aug 2016]

anoctamin 1, calcium activated chloride channel

Enables identical protein binding activity; iodide transmembrane transporter activity; and ligand-gated monoatomic ion channel activity. Involved in several processes, including monoatomic anion transport; mucus secretion; and positive regulation of insulin secretion involved in cellular response to glucose stimulus. Located in apical plasma membrane and nucleoplasm. Implicated in Moyamoya disease. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

anoctamin 2, calcium activated chloride channel

ANO2 belongs to a family of calcium-activated chloride channels (CaCCs) (reviewed by Hartzell et al., 2009 [PubMed 19015192]).[supplied by OMIM, Jan 2011]

calcium responsive transcription factor

Enables DNA binding activity and DNA-binding transcription activator activity, RNA polymerase II-specific. Involved in cellular response to calcium ion. Predicted to be located in granular component. Predicted to be active in nucleus. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

S100 calcium binding protein A11 pseudogene

RAS guanyl releasing protein 2 (calcium and DAG-regulated) pseudogene

solute carrier family 8 (sodium/lithium/calcium exchanger), member B1

SLC24A6 belongs to a family of potassium-dependent sodium/calcium exchangers that maintain cellular calcium homeostasis through the electrogenic countertransport of 4 sodium ions for 1 calcium ion and 1 potassium ion (Cai and Lytton, 2004 [PubMed 14625281]).[supplied by OMIM, Mar 2008]

mitochondrial calcium uniporter dominant negative subunit beta

Enables calcium channel inhibitor activity. Involved in negative regulation of calcium import into the mitochondrion. Located in mitochondrial inner membrane and nucleoplasm. Part of uniplex complex. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

calcium homeostasis modulator family member 6

Predicted to enable monoatomic cation channel activity. Predicted to be involved in ATP export; monoatomic cation transmembrane transport; and regulation of natural killer cell cytokine production. Predicted to be located in immunological synapse. Predicted to be active in plasma membrane. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

calcium homeostasis modulator family member 5

Predicted to enable monoatomic cation channel activity. Predicted to be involved in ATP export and monoatomic cation transmembrane transport. Predicted to be located in membrane. Predicted to be active in plasma membrane. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

ciliary associated calcium binding coiled-coil 1

Predicted to enable calcium ion binding activity. Predicted to act upstream of or within sperm flagellum assembly. Predicted to be located in centrosome; cytoplasm; and sperm flagellum. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

C2 calcium dependent domain containing 6

An autosomal recessive form of juvenile amyotrophic lateral sclerosis was originally mapped to a region of chromosome 2 that includes this gene. The encoded protein contains a calcium-dependent membrane targeting C2 domain. This domain is often found in proteins that are involved in membrane trafficking and signal transduction. [provided by RefSeq, Jun 2016]

calcium homeostasis modulator family member 4

Predicted to enable monoatomic cation channel activity. Predicted to be involved in ATP export and monoatomic cation transmembrane transport. Predicted to be located in membrane. Predicted to be active in plasma membrane. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

secretory calcium-binding phosphoprotein proline-glutamine rich 1