Harmonizome 3.0

mesoderm induction early response 1, family member 3

Predicted to enable histone deacetylase binding activity and transcription corepressor activity. Predicted to be involved in negative regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II. Located in nucleoplasm. Part of protein-containing complex. Implicated in breast cancer and lung adenocarcinoma. Biomarker of breast cancer; invasive ductal carcinoma; and lung non-small cell carcinoma. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

mesoderm induction early response 1, transcriptional regulator

This gene encodes a protein that was first identified in Xenopus laevis by its role in a mesoderm induction early response (MIER). The encoded protein functions as a transcriptional regulator. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encode multiple isoforms, some of which lack a C-terminal nuclear localization signal. [provided by RefSeq, May 2013]

mesoderm induction early response 1, family member 2

Enables histone deacetylase binding activity. Contributes to histone deacetylase activity. Predicted to be involved in negative regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II. Located in cytoplasm and nucleus. Part of protein-containing complex. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

Immune response to synthetic polypeptide--IRGAT

T-cell, immune regulator 1, ATPase, H+ transporting, lysosomal V0 subunit A3

This gene encodes a subunit of a large protein complex known as a vacuolar H+-ATPase (V-ATPase). The protein complex acts as a pump to move protons across the membrane. This movement of protons helps regulate the pH of cells and their surrounding environment. V-ATPase dependent organelle acidification is necessary for such intracellular processes as protein sorting, zymogen activation, and receptor-mediated endocytosis. V-ATPase is comprised of a cytosolic V1 domain and a transmembrane V0 domain. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. Mutations in this gene are associated with infantile malignant osteopetrosis. [provided by RefSeq, May 2017]

Immune suppression to streptococcal antigen

immune response to synthetic polypeptides 1

immune response to synthetic polypeptides 2

transcriptional and immune response regulator

This gene encodes a small, monomeric, predominantly unstructured protein that functions as a positive regulator of the Wnt/beta-catenin signaling pathway. This protein interacts with a repressor of beta-catenin mediated transcription at nuclear speckles. It is thought to competitively block interactions of the repressor with beta-catenin, resulting in up-regulation of beta-catenin target genes. The encoded protein may also play a role in the NF-kappaB and ERK1/2 signaling pathways. Expression of this gene may play a role in the proliferation of several types of cancer including thyroid cancer, breast cancer and hematological malignancies. [provided by RefSeq, Nov 2011]

RecQ mediated genome instability 2

RMI2 is a component of the BLM (RECQL3; MIM 604610) complex, which plays a role in homologous recombination-dependent DNA repair and is essential for genome stability (Xu et al., 2008 [PubMed 18923082]).[supplied by OMIM, Nov 2008]

DND microRNA-mediated repression inhibitor 1

This gene encodes a protein that binds to microRNA-targeting sequences of mRNAs, inhibiting microRNA-mediated repression. Reduced expression of this gene has been implicated in tongue squamous cell carcinoma. Two pseudogenes of this gene are located on the long arm of chromosome 17. [provided by RefSeq, Dec 2010]

SMG5 nonsense mediated mRNA decay factor

SMG5 is involved in nonsense-mediated mRNA decay (Ohnishi et al., 2003 [PubMed 14636577]).[supplied by OMIM, Mar 2008]

SMG9 nonsense mediated mRNA decay factor

This gene encodes a regulatory subunit of the SMG1 complex, which plays a critical role in nonsense-mediated mRNA decay (NMD). Binding of the encoded protein to the SMG1 complex kinase scaffold protein results in the inhibition of its kinase activity. Mutations in this gene cause a multiple congenital anomaly syndrome in human patients, characterized by brain malformation, congenital heart disease and other features. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2016]

SMG7 nonsense mediated mRNA decay factor

This gene encodes a protein that is essential for nonsense-mediated mRNA decay (NMD); a process whereby transcripts with premature termination codons are targeted for rapid degradation by a mRNA decay complex. The mRNA decay complex consists, in part, of this protein along with proteins SMG5 and UPF1. The N-terminal domain of this protein is thought to mediate its association with SMG5 or UPF1 while the C-terminal domain interacts with the mRNA decay complex. This protein may therefore couple changes in UPF1 phosphorylation state to the degradation of NMD-candidate transcripts. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants encoding distinct isoforms. [provided by RefSeq, Aug 2011]

SMG6 nonsense mediated mRNA decay factor

This gene encodes a component of the telomerase ribonucleoprotein complex responsible for the replication and maintenance of chromosome ends. The encoded protein also plays a role in the nonsense-mediated mRNA decay (NMD) pathway, providing the endonuclease activity near the premature translation termination codon that is needed to initiate NMD. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding distinct protein isoforms have been described. [provided by RefSeq, Feb 2014]

SMG8 nonsense mediated mRNA decay factor

Involved in nuclear-transcribed mRNA catabolic process, nonsense-mediated decay and regulation of protein kinase activity. Predicted to be located in cytosol. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

hyaluronan-mediated motility receptor (RHAMM)

The protein encoded by this gene is involved in cell motility. It is expressed in breast tissue and together with other proteins, it forms a complex with BRCA1 and BRCA2, thus is potentially associated with higher risk of breast cancer. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been noted for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Dec 2008]

RecQ mediated genome instability 1

Predicted to enable nucleotide binding activity. Involved in double-strand break repair via homologous recombination and resolution of DNA recombination intermediates. Located in nuclear body. Part of RecQ family helicase-topoisomerase III complex. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

SMG5 nonsense mediated mRNA decay factor pseudogene

Alu-mediated CDKN1A/p21 transcriptional regulator (non-protein coding)

piwi-like RNA-mediated gene silencing 4

PIWIL4 belongs to the Argonaute family of proteins, which function in development and maintenance of germline stem cells (Sasaki et al., 2003 [PubMed 12906857]).[supplied by OMIM, Mar 2008]

piwi-like RNA-mediated gene silencing 3

This gene encodes a member of the PIWI subfamily of Argonaute family proteins. This subfamily of proteins contains a PAZ domain, found in proteins involved in RNA-mediated gene silencing, and a C-terminal Piwi domain. The encoded protein is thought to function in maintenance of germline cells. Multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Dec 2011]

piwi-like RNA-mediated gene silencing 2

PIWIL2 belongs to the Argonaute family of proteins, which function in development and maintenance of germline stem cells (Sasaki et al., 2003 [PubMed 12906857]).[supplied by OMIM, Mar 2008]

piwi-like RNA-mediated gene silencing 1

This gene encodes a member of the PIWI subfamily of Argonaute proteins, evolutionarily conserved proteins containing both PAZ and Piwi motifs that play important roles in stem cell self-renewal, RNA silencing, and translational regulation in diverse organisms. The encoded protein may play a role as an intrinsic regulator of the self-renewal capacity of germline and hematopoietic stem cells. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2010]

PTGS2 antisense NFKB1 complex-mediated expression regulator RNA

This gene represents transcription of a long non-coding RNA produced in antisense to the prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 (PTGS2) gene. This transcript interacts with NF-kB transcriptional regulators to promote expression of PTGS2. [provided by RefSeq, Feb 2015]

MIR181A1 host gene

MIR325 host gene

MIR4435-2 host gene

MIR4697 host gene

MIR22 host gene

Predicted to act upstream of or within response to wounding. Predicted to be part of RISC complex. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

MIR2052 host gene

MIR762 host gene

MIR143 host gene

Predicted to be involved in regulation of gene expression. Predicted to be part of RISC complex. Biomarker of atherosclerosis. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

MIR381 host gene

MIR181A2 host gene

host cell factor C1 regulator 1 (XPO1 dependent)

Located in nucleoplasm. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

MIR646 host gene

MIR202 host gene

MIRLET7B host gene

Predicted to be involved in miRNA-mediated post-transcriptional gene silencing. Predicted to be part of RISC complex. Implicated in lung cancer. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

small nucleolar RNA host gene 5

This gene represent a snoRNA host gene and produces a long non-coding RNA. This RNA may regulate gene expression by acting as a sponge for microRNAs. This transcript may also stabilize mRNAs by blocking degradation by staufen double-stranded RNA binding protein 1. [provided by RefSeq, Dec 2017]

small nucleolar RNA host gene 4

small nucleolar RNA host gene 7

Predicted to be involved in RNA processing. Predicted to be located in nucleolus. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

small nucleolar RNA host gene 6

small nucleolar RNA host gene 1

This locus represents a small nucleolar RNA host gene that produces multiple alternatively spliced long non-coding RNAs. This gene is upregulated in cancers and is thought to act as promoter of cell proliferation. This transcript negatively regulates tumor suppressor genes such as tumor protein p53. Expression of this locus may be a marker of tumor progression. [provided by RefSeq, Dec 2017]

small nucleolar RNA host gene 8

MIR210 host gene

MIR217 host gene

small nucleolar RNA host gene 15

This gene represents a snoRNA host gene that produces a short-lived long non-coding RNA. This non-coding RNA is upregulated in tumor cells and may contribute to cell proliferation by acting as a sponge for microRNAs. [provided by RefSeq, Dec 2017]

small nucleolar RNA host gene 14

This gene is located within the Prader-Willi critical region and produces a long, spliced paternally-imprinted RNA that initiates within a common upstream promoter region shared by the SNRPN (small nuclear ribonucleoprotein polypeptide N) and SNURF genes. This transcript serves as a host RNA for the small nucleolar RNA, C/D box 115 and 116 clusters. This RNA extends in antisense into the region of the ubiquitin protein ligase E3A gene (UBE3A), and is thought to regulate imprinted expression of UBE3A in the brain. This transcript undergoes extensive alternative splicing, and may initiate and terminate at multiple locations within this genomic region. The full-length structure of all splice forms is not determined. [provided by RefSeq, Mar 2017]

small nucleolar RNA host gene 17

small nucleolar RNA host gene 16

small nucleolar RNA host gene 11

This gene is a member of the non-protein-coding multiple snoRNA host gene family. Two snoRNAs are derived from the introns of this host gene. Although many alternative splice variants have been observed, the gene is thought to have no protein-coding potential. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

small nucleolar RNA host gene 12

This gene produces a long RNA that is overexpressed in tumor cells. This RNA may promote tumorigenesis by acting as a sponge for microRNAs. [provided by RefSeq, Dec 2017]

small nucleolar RNA host gene 19

small nucleolar RNA host gene 18

MIR31 host gene

This gene produces a long non-coding RNA that acts as a host gene for miR-31. This transcript may be involved in cellular pluripotency and regulate the differentiation of myoblasts and other tissues. This RNA was found to interact with Polycomb repressive proteins to repression transcription of genes involves in cell senescence. [provided by RefSeq, Dec 2017]

small nucleolar RNA host gene 3

Predicted to be active in nucleus. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

small nucleolar RNA host gene 9

MIR205 host gene

Predicted to be involved in several processes, including hormone biosynthetic process; prolactin metabolic process; and regulation of DNA-binding transcription factor activity. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

MIR137 host gene

Predicted to be involved in miRNA-mediated post-transcriptional gene silencing. Predicted to be part of RISC complex. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

MIR4500 host gene

MIRLET7D host gene

MIR155 host gene

This gene represents a microRNA host gene. The long RNA transcribed from this gene is expressed at high levels in lymphoma and may function as an oncogene. [provided by RefSeq, Dec 2017]

MIR3976 host gene

MIR600 host gene

miR-17-92 cluster host gene

This gene is the host gene for the MIR17-92 cluster, a group of at least six microRNAs (miRNAs) that may be involved in cell survival, proliferation, differentiation, and angiogenesis. Amplification of this gene has been found in several lymphomas and solid tumors. Two non-protein coding transcript variants have been found for this host gene, but only the longest is a polycistronic transcript containing the MIR17-92 cluster. [provided by RefSeq, May 2012]

MIR1-1 host gene

host cell factor C2 pseudogene 1

mir-99a-let-7c cluster host gene

MIR3663 host gene

MIR670 host gene

mir-100-let-7a-2 cluster host gene

This gene produces long non-coding RNAs that act as regulators of cell proliferation. Alternative promoter usage and splicing results in multiple transcript variants. Some transcript variants may promote growth, while others may act to negatively regulate cell division. [provided by RefSeq, May 2016]

small nucleolar RNA host gene 10

This gene is small nucleolar RNA host gene 10 and represents a non-protein coding RNA. Alternatively spliced transcript variants have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Jan 2013]

MIR124-2 host gene

MIR663A host gene

MIR4458 host gene

MIR7-3 host gene

host cell factor C2

This gene encodes one of two proteins which interact with VP16, a herpes simplex virus protein that initiates virus infection. Both the encoded protein and the original Herpes host cell factor interact with VP16 through a beta-propeller domain. The original Herpes host cell factor, however, is effective at initiating viral infection while the encoded protein is not. Transcripts of varying length due to alternative polyadenylation signals have been described. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

host cell factor C1

This gene is a member of the host cell factor family and encodes a protein with five Kelch repeats, a fibronectin-like motif, and six HCF repeats, each of which contains a highly specific cleavage signal. This nuclear coactivator is proteolytically cleaved at one of the six possible sites, resulting in the creation of an N-terminal chain and the corresponding C-terminal chain. The final form of this protein consists of noncovalently bound N- and C-terminal chains. The protein is involved in control of the cell cycle and transcriptional regulation during herpes simplex virus infection. Alternatively spliced variants which encode different protein isoforms have been described; however, not all variants have been fully characterized. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

small nucleolar RNA host gene 20

Predicted to be involved in several processes, including cellular response to fatty acid; macrophage activation; and tyrosine phosphorylation of STAT protein. Implicated in lung non-small cell carcinoma. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

small nucleolar RNA host gene 21

small nucleolar RNA host gene 22

small nucleolar RNA host gene 23

small nucleolar RNA host gene 24

MIR133A1 host gene (non-protein coding)

Predicted to be involved in miRNA-mediated post-transcriptional gene silencing. Predicted to be part of RISC complex. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

MIR503 host gene

mir-497-195 cluster host gene

MIR222 host gene

Predicted to be part of RISC complex. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

MIR7515 host gene

small nucleolar RNA host gene 32

Predicted to enable double-stranded RNA binding activity. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

MIR124-1 host gene

Predicted to act upstream of or within several processes, including long-term synaptic potentiation; miRNA-mediated post-transcriptional gene silencing; and sensory perception of sound. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

MIR9-1 host gene

Involved in positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II. Predicted to be located in nucleus. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

MIR34A host gene

Predicted to be involved in miRNA-mediated post-transcriptional gene silencing. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

MIR3142 host gene

Predicted to be involved in miRNA-mediated post-transcriptional gene silencing. Predicted to be part of RISC complex. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

MIR3667 host gene

MIR9-3 host gene

small nucleolar RNA host gene 25

MIR194-2 host gene

MIR4453 host gene

small nucleolar RNA host gene 28

Enables RNA binding activity. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

small nucleolar RNA host gene 29

Predicted to be involved in RNA processing. Predicted to be located in nucleolus. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

MIR193b-365a host gene

MIR3945 host gene

small nucleolar RNA host gene 30

MIR1915 host gene

MIR200C and MIR141 host gene

MIR4422 host gene

MIR29B2 and MIR29C host gene

Predicted to be involved in miRNA-mediated post-transcriptional gene silencing. Predicted to be part of RISC complex. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

MIR142 host genes

Predicted to be involved in miRNA-mediated post-transcriptional gene silencing. Predicted to be part of RISC complex. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

MIR3936 host gene

MIR9-2 host gene

This is an evolutionarily conserved gene that produces alternatively spliced long non-coding RNAs that may be expressed predominantly in the brain and visual cortex. These transcripts may be involved in tumorigenesis, as depletion by siRNA suppressed glioma cell division. Transcripts may also bind to and regulate the activity of miR-411-5p and argonaut 2, thereby altering the expression of genes involved in tumor growth. [provided by RefSeq, Nov 2017]

MIR3677 and MIR940 host gene

Predicted to be involved in miRNA-mediated post-transcriptional gene silencing. Predicted to be part of RISC complex. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

small nucleolar RNA host gene 26

MIRLET7I host gene