Harmonizome 3.0

From Gene Ontology

Curated annotations of genes with biological processes

From Gene Ontology

Curated annotations of genes with biological processes

From Gene Ontology

curated annotations of genes with biological processes

growth regulation by estrogen in breast cancer-like

Acts upstream of or within kidney development. Predicted to be located in membrane. Implicated in autosomal dominant nonsyndromic deafness 80 and renal agenesis. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

regulation of nuclear pre-mRNA domain containing 1A

This gene encodes a cell-cycle and transcription regulatory protein. The encoded protein interacts with the cell cycle inhibitor cyclin-dependent kinase 4 inhibitor B and may function as a negative regulator of G(1)/S phase progression. This protein also forms homo- and hetrodimers with the protein, regulation of nuclear pre-mRNA domain-containing protein 1B, to form a scaffold that interacts with the C-terminal domain of RNA polymerase II subunit B1 and regulates several aspects of transcription. Alternate splicing results in multiple transcript variants. A pseudogene of this gene is found on chromosome 16. [provided by RefSeq, Dec 2014]

regulation of nuclear pre-mRNA domain containing 1B

Enables RNA polymerase II complex binding activity and identical protein binding activity. Involved in several processes, including RNA polymerase II promoter clearance; positive regulation of cell population proliferation; and positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II. Located in nucleoplasm. Part of transcription preinitiation complex. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

regulation of nuclear pre-mRNA domain containing 2

Predicted to enable RNA polymerase II complex binding activity. Predicted to be involved in mRNA 3'-end processing. Part of transcription preinitiation complex. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

growth regulation by estrogen in breast cancer 1

This gene is an estrogen-responsive gene that is an early response gene in the estrogen receptor-regulated pathway. It is thought to play an important role in hormone-responsive tissues and cancer. Three alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding distinct isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

regulation of nuclear pre-mRNA domain containing 1A pseudogene

plaque enriched lncRNA in atherosclerotic and inflammatory bowel macrophage regulation

p53 regulation associated lncRNA

Sep (O-phosphoserine) tRNA:Sec (selenocysteine) tRNA synthase

The amino acid selenocysteine is the only amino acid that does not have its own tRNA synthetase. Instead, this amino acid is synthesized on its cognate tRNA in a three step process. The protein encoded by this gene catalyzes the third step in the process, the conversion of O-phosphoseryl-tRNA(Sec) to selenocysteinyl-tRNA(Sec).[provided by RefSeq, Mar 2011]

inhibitor of DNA binding 2B, dominant negative helix-loop-helix protein (pseudogene)

negative elongation factor complex member B

NELFB is a subunit of negative elongation factor (NELF), which also includes NELFA (WHSC2; MIM 606026), either NELFC or NELFD (TH1L; MIM 605297), and NELFE (RDBP; MIM 154040). NELF acts with DRB sensitivity-inducing factor (DSIF), a heterodimer of SPT4 (SUPT4H1; MIM 603555) and SPT5 (SUPT5H; MIM 602102), to cause transcriptional pausing of RNA polymerase II (see MIM 180660) (Narita et al., 2003 [PubMed 12612062]).[supplied by OMIM, Mar 2008]

negative elongation factor complex member A

This gene is expressed ubiquitously with higher levels in fetal than in adult tissues. It encodes a protein sharing 93% sequence identity with the mouse protein. Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome (WHS) is a malformation syndrome associated with a hemizygous deletion of the distal short arm of chromosome 4. This gene is mapped to the 165 kb WHS critical region, and may play a role in the phenotype of the WHS or Pitt-Rogers-Danks syndrome. The encoded protein is found to be capable of reacting with HLA-A2-restricted and tumor-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes, suggesting a target for use in specific immunotherapy for a large number of cancer patients. This protein has also been shown to be a member of the NELF (negative elongation factor) protein complex that participates in the regulation of RNA polymerase II transcription elongation. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

negative elongation factor complex member E

The protein encoded by this gene is part of a complex termed negative elongation factor (NELF) which represses RNA polymerase II transcript elongation. This protein bears similarity to nuclear RNA-binding proteins; however, it has not been demonstrated that this protein binds RNA. The protein contains a tract of alternating basic and acidic residues, largely arginine (R) and aspartic acid (D). The gene localizes to the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class III region on chromosome 6. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

down-regulator of transcription 1, TBP-binding (negative cofactor 2)

This gene encodes a TBP- (TATA box-binding protein) associated phosphoprotein that represses both basal and activated levels of transcription. The encoded protein is phosphorylated in vivo and this phosphorylation affects its interaction with TBP. This protein contains a histone fold motif at the amino terminus, a TBP-binding domain, and a glutamine- and alanine-rich region. The binding of DR1 repressor complexes to TBP-promoter complexes may establish a mechanism in which an altered DNA conformation, together with the formation of higher order complexes, inhibits the assembly of the preinitiation complex and controls the rate of RNA polymerase II transcription. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

negative regulator of reactive oxygen species

Enables transforming growth factor beta binding activity. Predicted to be involved in several processes, including microglia development; sequestering of TGFbeta in extracellular matrix; and transforming growth factor beta receptor signaling pathway. Located in cell surface. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

negative regulator of interferon response (non-protein coding)

This gene is thought to produce a functional long non-coding RNA. This transcript may be a negative regulator of interferon response. [provided by RefSeq, Feb 2015]

DR1-associated protein 1 (negative cofactor 2 alpha)

Transcriptional repression is a general mechanism for regulating transcriptional initiation in organisms ranging from yeast to humans. Accurate initiation of transcription from eukaryotic protein-encoding genes requires the assembly of a large multiprotein complex consisting of RNA polymerase II and general transcription factors such as TFIIA, TFIIB, and TFIID. DR1 is a repressor that interacts with the TATA-binding protein (TBP) of TFIID and prevents the formation of an active transcription complex by precluding the entry of TFIIA and/or TFIIB into the preinitiation complex. The protein encoded by this gene is a corepressor of transcription that interacts with DR1 to enhance DR1-mediated repression. The interaction between this corepressor and DR1 is required for corepressor function and appears to stabilize the TBP-DR1-DNA complex. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

negative regulator of antiviral response (non-protein coding)

negative elongation factor complex member C/D

The NELF complex of proteins interacts with the DSIF protein complex to repress transcriptional elongation by RNA polymerase II. The protein encoded by this gene is an essential part of the NELF complex. Alternative translation initiation site usage results in the formation of two isoforms with different N-termini. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

negative regulator of ubiquitin-like proteins 1

This gene encodes a protein that functions as a negative regulator of NEDD8, a ubiquitin-like protein that conjugates with cullin family members in order to regulate vital biological events. The protein encoded by this gene regulates the NEDD8 conjugation system post-transcriptionally by recruiting NEDD8 and its conjugates to the proteasome for degradation. This protein interacts with the product of the AIPL1 gene, which is associated with Leber congenital amaurosis, an inherited retinopathy, and mutations in that gene can abolish interaction with this protein, which may contribute to the pathogenesis. This protein is also known to accumulate in Lewy bodies in Parkinson's disease and dementia with Lewy bodies, and in glial cytoplasmic inclusions in multiple system atrophy, with this abnormal accumulation being specific to alpha-synucleinopathy lesions. Alternative splicing of this gene results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Aug 2011]

inhibitor of DNA binding 4, dominant negative helix-loop-helix protein

This gene encodes a member of the inhibitor of DNA binding (ID) protein family. The encoded protein lacks DNA binding ability, and instead regulates gene expression through binding to and inhibiting basic helix-loop-helix transcription factors. This protein has been implicated in the regulation of diverse cellular processes that play a role in development and tumorigenesis. [provided by RefSeq, Aug 2017]

inhibitor of DNA binding 2, dominant negative helix-loop-helix protein

The protein encoded by this gene belongs to the inhibitor of DNA binding family, members of which are transcriptional regulators that contain a helix-loop-helix (HLH) domain but not a basic domain. Members of the inhibitor of DNA binding family inhibit the functions of basic helix-loop-helix transcription factors in a dominant-negative manner by suppressing their heterodimerization partners through the HLH domains. This protein may play a role in negatively regulating cell differentiation. A pseudogene of this gene is located on chromosome 3. [provided by RefSeq, Aug 2011]

inhibitor of DNA binding 3, dominant negative helix-loop-helix protein

The protein encoded by this gene is a helix-loop-helix (HLH) protein that can form heterodimers with other HLH proteins. However, the encoded protein lacks a basic DNA-binding domain and therefore inhibits the DNA binding of any HLH protein with which it interacts. [provided by RefSeq, Aug 2011]

inhibitor of DNA binding 1, dominant negative helix-loop-helix protein

The protein encoded by this gene is a helix-loop-helix (HLH) protein that can form heterodimers with members of the basic HLH family of transcription factors. The encoded protein has no DNA binding activity and therefore can inhibit the DNA binding and transcriptional activation ability of basic HLH proteins with which it interacts. This protein may play a role in cell growth, senescence, and differentiation. Two transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

negative regulator of P-body association

Involved in negative regulation of cytoplasmic mRNA processing body assembly and nuclear-transcribed mRNA catabolic process. Located in P-body. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

mitochondrial calcium uniporter dominant negative subunit beta

Enables calcium channel inhibitor activity. Involved in negative regulation of calcium import into the mitochondrion. Located in mitochondrial inner membrane and nucleoplasm. Part of uniplex complex. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

inward rectifying K+ channel negative regulator Kir2.2v

tRNA methyltransferase 11-2 homolog (S. cerevisiae)

Enables protein heterodimerization activity; protein methyltransferase activity; and tRNA methyltransferase activator activity. Involved in macromolecule methylation and positive regulation of macromolecule metabolic process. Located in nucleoplasm and perinuclear region of cytoplasm. Part of protein-containing complex. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

asparaginyl-tRNA synthetase pseudogene 1

asparaginyl-tRNA synthetase pseudogene 2

tRNA methyltransferase 44 homolog (S. cerevisiae)

The protein encoded by this gene is a putative tRNA methyltransferase found in the cytoplasm. Defects in this gene may be a cause of partial epilepsy with pericentral spikes (PEPS), but that has not been proven definitively. [provided by RefSeq, May 2012]

tRNA phosphotransferase 1

Predicted to enable tRNA 2'-phosphotransferase activity. Predicted to be involved in tRNA splicing, via endonucleolytic cleavage and ligation. Predicted to act upstream of or within regulation of protein kinase activity. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

methionyl-tRNA synthetase 2, mitochondrial

This gene produces a mitochondrial methionyl-tRNA synthetase protein that is encoded by the nuclear genome and imported to the mitochondrion. This protein likely functions as a monomer and is predicted to localize to the mitochondrial matrix. Mutations in this gene are associated with the autosomal recessive neurodegenerative disease spastic ataxia-3 (SPAX3). [provided by RefSeq, Apr 2014]

ubiquitin specific peptidase 14 (tRNA-guanine transglycosylase)

This gene encodes a member of the ubiquitin-specific processing (UBP) family of proteases that is a deubiquitinating enzyme (DUB) with His and Cys domains. This protein is located in the cytoplasm and cleaves the ubiquitin moiety from ubiquitin-fused precursors and ubiquitinylated proteins. Mice with a mutation that results in reduced expression of the ortholog of this protein are retarded for growth, develop severe tremors by 2 to 3 weeks of age followed by hindlimb paralysis and death by 6 to 10 weeks of age. Alternate transcriptional splice variants, encoding different isoforms, have been characterized. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

isoleucyl-tRNA synthetase 2, mitochondrial pseudogene 1

tryptophanyl tRNA synthetase 2 pseudogene 1

alanyl-tRNA synthetase

The human alanyl-tRNA synthetase (AARS) belongs to a family of tRNA synthases, of the class II enzymes. Class II tRNA synthases evolved early in evolution and are highly conserved. This is reflected by the fact that 498 of the 968-residue polypeptide human AARS shares 41% identity witht the E.coli protein. tRNA synthases are the enzymes that interpret the RNA code and attach specific aminoacids to the tRNAs that contain the cognate trinucleotide anticodons. They consist of a catalytic domain which interacts with the amino acid acceptor-T psi C helix of the tRNA, and a second domain which interacts with the rest of the tRNA structure. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

TSEN54 tRNA splicing endonuclease subunit

This gene encodes a subunit of the tRNA splicing endonuclease complex, which catalyzes the removal of introns from precursor tRNAs. The complex is also implicated in pre-mRNA 3-prime end processing. Mutations in this gene result in pontocerebellar hypoplasia type 2.[provided by RefSeq, Oct 2009]

tRNA 5-methylaminomethyl-2-thiouridylate methyltransferase

This nuclear gene encodes a mitochondrial tRNA-modifying enzyme. The encoded protein catalyzes the 2-thiolation of uridine on the wobble positions of tRNA(Lys), tRNA(Glu), and tRNA(Gln), resulting in the formation of 5-taurinomethyl-2-thiouridine moieties. Mutations in this gene may cause transient infantile liver failure. Polymorphisms in this gene may also influence the severity of deafness caused by mitochondrial 12S ribosomal RNA mutations. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Sep 2013]

cysteinyl-tRNA synthetase 2, mitochondrial (putative)

This gene encodes a putative member of the class I family of aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases. These enzymes play a critical role in protein biosynthesis by charging tRNAs with their cognate amino acids. This protein is encoded by the nuclear genome but is likely to be imported to the mitochondrion where it is thought to catalyze the ligation of cysteine to tRNA molecules. A splice-site mutation in this gene has been associated with a novel progressive myoclonic epilepsy disease with similar symptoms to MERRF syndrome. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Jun 2017]

valyl-tRNA synthetase 2, mitochondrial

This gene encodes a mitochondrial aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase, which catalyzes the attachment of valine to tRNA(Val) for mitochondrial translation. Mutations in this gene cause combined oxidative phosphorylation deficiency-20, and are also associated with early-onset mitochondrial encephalopathies. Alternative splicing of this gene results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Aug 2014]

peptidyl-tRNA hydrolase 2

The protein encoded by this gene is a mitochondrial protein with two putative domains, an N-terminal mitochondrial localization sequence, and a UPF0099 domain. In vitro assays suggest that this protein possesses peptidyl-tRNA hydrolase activity, to release the peptidyl moiety from tRNA, thereby preventing the accumulation of dissociated peptidyl-tRNA that could reduce the efficiency of translation. This protein also plays a role regulating cell survival and death. It promotes survival as part of an integrin-signaling pathway for cells attached to the extracellular matrix (ECM), but also promotes apoptosis in cells that have lost their attachment to the ECM, a process called anoikos. After loss of cell attachment to the ECM, this protein is phosphorylated, is released from the mitochondria into the cytosol, and promotes caspase-independent apoptosis through interactions with transcriptional regulators. This gene has been implicated in the development and progression of tumors, and mutations in this gene have been associated with an infantile multisystem neurologic, endocrine, and pancreatic disease (INMEPD) characterized by intellectual disability, postnatal microcephaly, progressive cerebellar atrophy, hearing impairment, polyneuropathy, failure to thrive, and organ fibrosis with exocrine pancreas insufficiency (PMID: 25574476). Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms. [provided by RefSeq, Mar 2015]

peptidyl-tRNA hydrolase 1 homolog (S. cerevisiae)

Enables aminoacyl-tRNA hydrolase activity. Involved in rescue of stalled ribosome. Located in mitochondrion. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

glycyl-tRNA synthetase

This gene encodes glycyl-tRNA synthetase, one of the aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases that charge tRNAs with their cognate amino acids. The encoded enzyme is an (alpha)2 dimer which belongs to the class II family of tRNA synthetases. It has been shown to be a target of autoantibodies in the human autoimmune diseases, polymyositis or dermatomyositis. Two transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Oct 2015]

tRNA methyltransferase 11 homolog (S. cerevisiae) pseudogene

arginyl-tRNA synthetase

Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases catalyze the aminoacylation of tRNA by their cognate amino acid. Because of their central role in linking amino acids with nucleotide triplets contained in tRNAs, aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases are thought to be among the first proteins that appeared in evolution. Arginyl-tRNA synthetase belongs to the class-I aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase family. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

glutamyl-prolyl-tRNA synthetase

Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases are a class of enzymes that charge tRNAs with their cognate amino acids. The protein encoded by this gene is a multifunctional aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase that catalyzes the aminoacylation of glutamic acid and proline tRNA species. Alternative splicing has been observed for this gene, but the full-length nature and biological validity of the variant have not been determined. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

histidyl-tRNA synthetase

Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases are a class of enzymes that charge tRNAs with their cognate amino acids. The protein encoded by this gene is a cytoplasmic enzyme which belongs to the class II family of aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases. The enzyme is responsible for the synthesis of histidyl-transfer RNA, which is essential for the incorporation of histidine into proteins. The gene is located in a head-to-head orientation with HARSL on chromosome five, where the homologous genes share a bidirectional promoter. The gene product is a frequent target of autoantibodies in the human autoimmune disease polymyositis/dermatomyositis. Several transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Apr 2012]

alanyl-tRNA synthetase domain containing 1

Predicted to enable Ser-tRNA(Ala) hydrolase activity. Predicted to be involved in regulation of translational fidelity. Located in nucleus. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

aspartyl-tRNA synthetase

This gene encodes a member of a multienzyme complex that functions in mediating the attachment of amino acids to their cognate tRNAs. The encoded protein ligates L-aspartate to tRNA(Asp). Mutations in this gene have been found in patients showing hypomyelination with brainstem and spinal cord involvement and leg spasticity. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Jun 2014]

cysteinyl-tRNA synthetase pseudogene 1

glycyl-tRNA synthetase pseudogene 1

phenylalanyl-tRNA synthetase, beta subunit pseudogene 1

threonyl-tRNA synthetase 2, mitochondrial (putative)

This gene encodes a member of the class-II aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase family. The encoded protein is a mitochondrial aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. A related pseudogene has been identified on chromosome 4. [provided by RefSeq, Dec 2012]

exportin, tRNA (nuclear export receptor for tRNAs) pseudogene

tRNA methyltransferase 2 homolog A (S. cerevisiae)

The protein encoded by this gene is of unknown function. However, it is orthologous to the mouse Trmt2a gene and contains an RNA methyltransferase domain. Expression of this gene varies during the cell cycle, with aberrant expression being a possible biomarker in certain breast cancers. Several transcript variants encoding two different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Apr 2012]

tRNA methyltransferase 2 homolog B (S. cerevisiae)

This gene encodes a homolog of the TRM2 gene in S. cerevisiae. The yeast gene encodes a tRNA methyltransferase that plays a role in tRNA maturation. The yeast protein also has endo-exonuclease activity and may be involved in DNA double strand break repair. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcripts encoding different isoforms. [provided by RefSeq, Nov 2009]

prolyl-tRNA synthetase associated domain containing 1, pseudogene

Predicted to enable aminoacyl-tRNA editing activity. Predicted to be involved in aminoacyl-tRNA metabolism involved in translational fidelity. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

tRNA aspartic acid methyltransferase 1

This gene encodes a protein responsible for the methylation of aspartic acid transfer RNA, specifically at the cytosine-38 residue in the anticodon loop. This enzyme also possesses residual DNA-(cytosine-C5) methyltransferase activity. While similar in sequence and structure to DNA cytosine methyltransferases, this gene is distinct and highly conserved in its function among taxa. [provided by RefSeq, Jun 2010]

mitochondrial tRNA translation optimization 1

This gene encodes a mitochondrial protein thought to be involved in mitochondrial tRNA modification. The encoded protein may also play a role in the expression of the non-syndromic and aminoglycoside-induced deafness phenotypes associated with a specific mutation in the mitochondrial 12S rRNA gene. Multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

tRNA-yW synthesizing protein 1 homolog pseudogene 1

tRNA

tRNA

lysyl-tRNA synthetase

Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases are a class of enzymes that charge tRNAs with their cognate amino acids. Lysyl-tRNA synthetase is a homodimer localized to the cytoplasm which belongs to the class II family of tRNA synthetases. It has been shown to be a target of autoantibodies in the human autoimmune diseases, polymyositis or dermatomyositis. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

D-tyrosyl-tRNA deacylase 2 (putative)

Enables Ala-tRNA(Thr) hydrolase activity. Involved in aminoacyl-tRNA metabolism involved in translational fidelity. Predicted to be active in cytoplasm. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

tryptophanyl-tRNA synthetase

Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases catalyze the aminoacylation of tRNA by their cognate amino acid. Because of their central role in linking amino acids with nucleotide triplets contained in tRNAs, aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases are thought to be among the first proteins that appeared in evolution. Two forms of tryptophanyl-tRNA synthetase exist, a cytoplasmic form, named WARS, and a mitochondrial form, named WARS2. Tryptophanyl-tRNA synthetase (WARS) catalyzes the aminoacylation of tRNA(trp) with tryptophan and is induced by interferon. Tryptophanyl-tRNA synthetase belongs to the class I tRNA synthetase family. Four transcript variants encoding two different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

threonyl-tRNA synthetase 2, mitochondrial pseudogene

TSEN34 tRNA splicing endonuclease subunit

This gene encodes a catalytic subunit of the tRNA splicing endonuclease, which catalyzes the removal of introns from precursor tRNAs. The endonuclease complex is also associated with a pre-mRNA 3-prime end processing factor. A mutation in this gene results in the neurological disorder pontocerebellar hypoplasia type 2. Multiple alternatively spliced variants, encoding the same protein, have been identified.[provided by RefSeq, Oct 2009]

histidyl-tRNA synthetase 2, mitochondrial

Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases are a class of enzymes that charge tRNAs with their cognate amino acids. The protein encoded by this gene is an enzyme belonging to the class II family of aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases. Functioning in the synthesis of histidyl-transfer RNA, the enzyme plays an accessory role in the regulation of protein biosynthesis. The gene is located in a head-to-head orientation with HARS on chromosome five, where the homologous genes likely share a bidirectional promoter. Mutations in this gene are associated with the pathogenesis of Perrault syndrome, which involves ovarian dysgenesis and sensorineural hearing loss. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants of this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2013]

TSEN2 tRNA splicing endonuclease subunit pseudogene 1

tRNA glycine1 (anticodon CCC)

glutamyl-tRNA(Gln) amidotransferase, subunit B

Contributes to glutaminyl-tRNA synthase (glutamine-hydrolyzing) activity. Involved in glutaminyl-tRNAGln biosynthesis via transamidation and mitochondrial translation. Located in mitochondrion. Part of glutamyl-tRNA(Gln) amidotransferase complex. Implicated in combined oxidative phosphorylation deficiency 41. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

glutamyl-tRNA(Gln) amidotransferase, subunit C

Predicted to enable ATP binding activity and glutaminyl-tRNA synthase (glutamine-hydrolyzing) activity. Involved in glutaminyl-tRNAGln biosynthesis via transamidation and mitochondrial translation. Located in mitochondrion. Part of glutamyl-tRNA(Gln) amidotransferase complex. Implicated in combined oxidative phosphorylation deficiency 42. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

tryptophanyl tRNA synthetase 2, mitochondrial

Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases catalyze the aminoacylation of tRNA by their cognate amino acid. Because of their central role in linking amino acids with nucleotide triplets contained in tRNAs, aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases are thought to be among the first proteins that appeared in evolution. Two forms of tryptophanyl-tRNA synthetase exist, a cytoplasmic form, named WARS, and a mitochondrial form, named WARS2. This gene encodes the mitochondrial tryptophanyl-tRNA synthetase. Two alternative transcripts encoding different isoforms have been described. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

tRNA methyltransferase 10 homolog A (S. cerevisiae)

This gene encodes a protein that belongs to the tRNA (Guanine-1)-methyltransferase family. A similar gene in yeast modifies several different tRNA species. Mutations in this gene are associated with microcephaly, short stature, and impaired glucose metabolism. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Oct 2014]

tRNA methyltransferase 10 homolog C (S. cerevisiae)

This gene encodes the precursor of a subunit of the mitochondrial ribonuclease P, which is involved in 5' processing of mitochondrial tRNAs. The encoded protein may confer RNA-binding capacity to mitochondrial ribonuclease P and may be essential for transcript processing, RNA modification, translation and mitochondrial respiration. [provided by RefSeq, Nov 2012]

tRNA methyltransferase 10 homolog B (S. cerevisiae)

Enables tRNA (guanosine(9)-N1)-methyltransferase activity. Involved in protein insertion into mitochondrial inner membrane. Located in cytosol. Part of TIM22 mitochondrial import inner membrane insertion complex. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

exportin, tRNA

This gene encodes a protein belonging to the RAN-GTPase exportin family that mediates export of tRNA from the nucleus to the cytoplasm. Translocation of tRNA to the cytoplasm occurs once exportin has bound both tRNA and GTP-bound RAN. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

queuine tRNA-ribosyltransferase domain containing 1

This gene encodes a subunit of tRNA-guanine transglycosylase. tRNA-guanine transglycosylase is a heterodimeric enzyme complex that plays a critical role in tRNA modification by synthesizing the 7-deazaguanosine queuosine, which is found in tRNAs that code for asparagine, aspartic acid, histidine, and tyrosine. The encoded protein may play a role in the queuosine 5'-monophosphate salvage pathway. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding multiple isoforms have been observed for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Feb 2012]

alanyl-tRNA synthetase domain containing 1 pseudogene

phenylalanyl-tRNA synthetase 2, mitochondrial

This gene encodes a protein that transfers phenylalanine to its cognate tRNA. This protein localizes to the mitochondrion and plays a role in mitochondrial protein translation. Mutations in this gene can cause combined oxidative phosphorylation deficiency 14 (Alpers encephalopathy). Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Jan 2016]

phenylalanyl-tRNA synthetase, beta subunit

This gene encodes a highly conserved enzyme that belongs to the aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase class IIc subfamily. This enzyme comprises the regulatory beta subunits that form a tetramer with two catalytic alpha subunits. In the presence of ATP, this tetramer is responsible for attaching L-phenylalanine to the terminal adenosine of the appropriate tRNA. A pseudogene located on chromosome 10 has been identified. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Jan 2015]

phenylalanyl-tRNA synthetase, alpha subunit

Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases are a class of enzymes that charge tRNAs with their cognate amino acids. This gene encodes a product which is similar to the catalytic subunit of prokaryotic and Saccharomyces cerevisiae phenylalanyl-tRNA synthetases (PheRS). This gene product has been shown to be expressed in a tumor-selective and cell cycle stage- and differentiation-dependent manner, the first member of the tRNA synthetase gene family shown to exhibit this type of regulated expression [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

alanyl-tRNA synthetase 2, mitochondrial

The protein encoded by this gene belongs to the class-II aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase family. Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases play critical roles in mRNA translation by charging tRNAs with their cognate amino acids. The encoded protein is a mitochondrial enzyme that specifically aminoacylates alanyl-tRNA. Mutations in this gene are a cause of combined oxidative phosphorylation deficiency 8. [provided by RefSeq, Dec 2011]

tRNA methyltransferase 11 homolog (S. cerevisiae) pseudogene

tRNA nucleotidyl transferase, CCA-adding, 1

The protein encoded by this gene is a CCA-adding enzyme which belongs to the tRNA nucleotidyltransferase/poly(A) polymerase family. This essential enzyme functions by catalyzing the addition of the conserved nucleotide triplet CCA to the 3' terminus of tRNA molecules. Mutations in this gene result in sideroblastic anemia with B-cell immunodeficiency, periodic fevers, and developmental delay. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Dec 2014]

glutaminyl-tRNA synthase (glutamine-hydrolyzing)-like 1

Contributes to glutaminyl-tRNA synthase (glutamine-hydrolyzing) activity. Involved in glutaminyl-tRNAGln biosynthesis via transamidation and mitochondrial translation. Located in mitochondrion. Part of glutamyl-tRNA(Gln) amidotransferase complex. Implicated in combined oxidative phosphorylation deficiency 40. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

phosphoseryl-tRNA kinase

Predicted to enable kinase activity and tRNA binding activity. Predicted to be involved in translation. Predicted to act upstream of or within selenocysteine incorporation. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

adenosine deaminase, tRNA-specific 1

This gene is a member of the ADAR (adenosine deaminase acting on RNA) family. Using site-specific adenosine modification, proteins encoded by these genes participate in the pre-mRNA editing of nuclear transcripts. The protein encoded by this gene, tRNA-specific adenosine deaminase 1, is responsible for the deamination of adenosine 37 to inosine in eukaryotic tRNA. Alternatively spliced transcript variants have been described. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2010]

adenosine deaminase, tRNA-specific 3

This gene encodes a subunit of a tRNA-specific adenosine deaminase. This heterodimeric enzyme converts adenosine to inosine in the tRNA anticodon. A mutation in this gene causes a syndrome characterized by intellectual disability and strabismus. This gene shares its 5' exon with the overlapping gene, secretory carrier membrane protein 4 (Gene ID: 113178). [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2016]

adenosine deaminase, tRNA-specific 2

Predicted to enable tRNA-specific adenosine-34 deaminase activity. Predicted to be involved in tRNA wobble adenosine to inosine editing. Predicted to be located in nucleoplasm. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

seryl-tRNA synthetase 2, mitochondrial

This gene encodes the mitochondrial seryl-tRNA synthethase precursor, a member of the class II tRNA synthetase family. The mature enzyme catalyzes the ligation of Serine to tRNA(Ser) and participates in the biosynthesis of selenocysteinyl-tRNA(sec) in mitochondria. The enzyme contains an N-terminal tRNA binding domain and a core catalytic domain. It functions in a homodimeric form, which is stabilized by tRNA binding. This gene is regulated by a bidirectional promoter that also controls the expression of mitochondrial ribosomal protein S12. Both genes are within the critical interval for the autosomal dominant deafness locus DFNA4 and might be linked to this disease. Multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been identified for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Mar 2009]

exportin, tRNA (nuclear export receptor for tRNAs) pseudogene

tRNA methyltransferase 2 homolog B (S. cerevisiae) pseudogene

valyl-tRNA synthetase

Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases catalyze the aminoacylation of tRNA by their cognate amino acid. Because of their central role in linking amino acids with nucleotide triplets contained in tRNAs, aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases are thought to be among the first proteins that appeared in evolution. The protein encoded by this gene belongs to class-I aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase family and is located in the class III region of the major histocompatibility complex. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

seryl-tRNA synthetase

This gene belongs to the class II amino-acyl tRNA family. The encoded enzyme catalyzes the transfer of L-serine to tRNA (Ser) and is related to bacterial and yeast counterparts. Multiple alternatively spliced transcript variants have been described but the biological validity of all variants is unknown. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2010]

isoleucyl-tRNA synthetase

Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases catalyze the aminoacylation of tRNA by their cognate amino acid. Because of their central role in linking amino acids with nucleotide triplets contained in tRNAS, aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases are thought to be among the first proteins that appeared in evolution. Isoleucine-tRNA synthetase belongs to the class-I aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase family and has been identified as a target of autoantibodies in the autoimmune disease polymyositis/dermatomyositis. Alternatively spliced transcript variants have been found. [provided by RefSeq, Nov 2012]

tRNA methionine elongator pseudogene 1

glutaminyl-tRNA synthase (glutamine-hydrolyzing)-like 1 pseudogene 2

glutaminyl-tRNA synthase (glutamine-hydrolyzing)-like 1 pseudogene 3

TSEN15 tRNA splicing endonuclease subunit

This gene encodes a subunit of the tRNA splicing endonuclease, which catalyzes the removal of introns from tRNA precursors. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. There is a pseudogene of this gene on chromosome 17. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2014]

tRNA-yW synthesizing protein 1 homolog B (S. cerevisiae)

Wybutosine is a hypermodified guanosine found in phenylalanine tRNA. Wybutosine functions to stabilize codon-anticodon interactions during ribosome decoding and therefore supports the maintenance of the reading frame. In yeast, the homolog of this gene is essential for the synthesis of wybutosine. The human genome contains two closely related genes that putatively function in wybutosine synthesis. The open reading frame of this locus is disrupted in some individuals. Thus, this locus appears to be an evolving pseudogene, but may still be functional in some members of the population. [provided by RefSeq, Apr 2014]

leucyl-tRNA synthetase

This gene encodes a cytosolic leucine-tRNA synthetase, a member of the class I aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase family. The encoded enzyme catalyzes the ATP-dependent ligation of L-leucine to tRNA(Leu). It is found in the cytoplasm as part of a multisynthetase complex and interacts with the arginine tRNA synthetase through its C-terminal domain. A mutation in this gene was found in affected individuals with infantile liver failure syndrome 1. Alternatively spliced transcript variants of this gene have been observed. [provided by RefSeq, Dec 2015]

leucyl-tRNA synthetase 2, mitochondrial

This gene encodes a class 1 aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase, mitochondrial leucyl-tRNA synthetase. Each of the twenty aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases catalyzes the aminoacylation of a specific tRNA or tRNA isoaccepting family with the cognate amino acid. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

eukaryotic elongation factor, selenocysteine-tRNA-specific

Enables GTPase activity. Involved in selenocysteine incorporation. Predicted to be located in cytoplasm and nucleus. Predicted to be part of ribonucleoprotein complex. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

glutaminyl-tRNA synthase (glutamine-hydrolyzing)-like 1 pseudogene 1

aminoacyl tRNA synthetase complex-interacting multifunctional protein 1 pseudogene 1

aminoacyl tRNA synthetase complex-interacting multifunctional protein 1 pseudogene 2

exportin, tRNA pseudogene 1

tRNA methyltransferase 1 homolog (S. cerevisiae) pseudogene

tRNA methyltransferase 12 homolog (S. cerevisiae)

Wybutosine (yW) is a hypermodified guanosine at the 3-prime position adjacent to the anticodon of phenylalanine tRNA that stabilizes codon-anticodon interactions during decoding on the ribosome. TRMT12 is the human homolog of a yeast gene essential for yW synthesis (Noma and Suzuki, 2006).[supplied by OMIM, Mar 2008]

glutaminyl-tRNA synthetase

Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases catalyze the aminoacylation of tRNA by their cognate amino acid. Because of their central role in linking amino acids with nucleotide triplets contained in tRNAs, aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases are thought to be among the first proteins that appeared in evolution. In metazoans, 9 aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases specific for glutamine (gln), glutamic acid (glu), and 7 other amino acids are associated within a multienzyme complex. Although present in eukaryotes, glutaminyl-tRNA synthetase (QARS) is absent from many prokaryotes, mitochondria, and chloroplasts, in which Gln-tRNA(Gln) is formed by transamidation of the misacylated Glu-tRNA(Gln). Glutaminyl-tRNA synthetase belongs to the class-I aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase family. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Jan 2013]

tRNA methyltransferase 61A

Enables mRNA (adenine-N1-)-methyltransferase activity. Involved in mRNA processing. Part of tRNA (m1A) methyltransferase complex. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

tRNA methyltransferase 61B

Enables mRNA (adenine-N1-)-methyltransferase activity; rRNA (adenine) methyltransferase activity; and tRNA (adenine(58)-N1)-methyltransferase activity. Involved in mRNA processing and mitochondrial tRNA processing. Located in mitochondrial matrix. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

queuine tRNA-ribosyltransferase 1

This gene encodes the catalytic subunit of tRNA-guanine transglycosylase. tRNA-guanine transglycosylase is a heterodimeric enzyme complex that plays a critical role in tRNA modification by synthesizing the 7-deazaguanosine queuosine, which is found in tRNAs that code for asparagine, aspartic acid, histidine and tyrosine. A pseudogene of this gene is located on the long arm of chromosome X. [provided by RefSeq, Feb 2012]

tyrosyl-tRNA synthetase

Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases catalyze the aminoacylation of tRNA by their cognate amino acid. Because of their central role in linking amino acids with nucleotide triplets contained in tRNAs, aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases are thought to be among the first proteins that appeared in evolution. Tyrosyl-tRNA synthetase belongs to the class I tRNA synthetase family. Cytokine activities have also been observed for the human tyrosyl-tRNA synthetase, after it is split into two parts, an N-terminal fragment that harbors the catalytic site and a C-terminal fragment found only in the mammalian enzyme. The N-terminal fragment is an interleukin-8-like cytokine, whereas the released C-terminal fragment is an EMAP II-like cytokine. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

lysyl-tRNA synthetase pseudogene 3

lysyl-tRNA synthetase pseudogene 2

lysyl-tRNA synthetase pseudogene 1

tRNA methyltransferase 11-2 homolog (S. cerevisiae) pseudogene 6

tRNA methyltransferase 11-2 homolog (S. cerevisiae) pseudogene 7

tRNA methyltransferase 11-2 homolog (S. cerevisiae) pseudogene 4

tRNA methyltransferase 11-2 homolog (S. cerevisiae) pseudogene 3

tRNA methyltransferase 11-2 homolog (S. cerevisiae) pseudogene 1

threonyl-tRNA synthetase

Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases catalyze the aminoacylation of tRNA by their cognate amino acid. Because of their central role in linking amino acids with nucleotide triplets contained in tRNAs, aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases are thought to be among the first proteins that appeared in evolution. Threonyl-tRNA synthetase belongs to the class-II aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase family [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

cysteinyl-tRNA synthetase

This gene encodes a class 1 aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase, cysteinyl-tRNA synthetase. Each of the twenty aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases catalyzes the aminoacylation of a specific tRNA or tRNA isoaccepting family with the cognate amino acid. This gene is one of several located near the imprinted gene domain on chromosome 11p15.5, an important tumor-suppressor gene region. Alterations in this region have been associated with Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome, Wilms tumor, rhabdomyosarcoma, adrenocortical carcinoma, and lung, ovarian and breast cancers. Alternative splicing of this gene results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Aug 2010]

tRNA

tRNA

tRNA

tRNA

tRNA

tRNA

tRNA

tRNA

tRNA

tRNA

tRNA

tRNA

tRNA

tRNA

tRNA

tRNA

tRNA

tRNA

asparaginyl-tRNA synthetase

Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases are a class of enzymes that charge tRNAs with their cognate amino acids. Asparaginyl-tRNA synthetase is localized to the cytoplasm and belongs to the class II family of tRNA synthetases. The N-terminal domain represents the signature sequence for the eukaryotic asparaginyl-tRNA synthetases. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

tRNA isopentenyltransferase 1

This gene encodes a protein that that is targeted to the mitochondrion and modifies transfer RNAs (tRNAs) by adding a dimethylallyl group onto the adenine at position 37. This modification is important for maintaining the correct reading frame during protein translation. This gene is considered a tumor suppressor and its expression can decrease cell growth. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcripts variants, most of which are likely non-functional. [provided by RefSeq, Aug 2015]

queuine tRNA-ribosyltransferase 1 pseudogene 1

threonyl-tRNA synthetase-like 2

Predicted to enable threonine-tRNA ligase activity. Predicted to be involved in threonyl-tRNA aminoacylation. Predicted to be located in cytoplasm and nucleus. Predicted to be active in mitochondrion. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

prolyl-tRNA synthetase 2, mitochondrial (putative)

This gene encodes a putative member of the class II family of aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases. These enzymes play a critical role in protein biosynthesis by charging tRNAs with their cognate amino acids. This protein is encoded by the nuclear genome but is likely to be imported to the mitochondrion where it is thought to catalyze the ligation of proline to tRNA molecules. Mutations have been found in this gene in some patients with Alpers syndrome. [provided by RefSeq, Mar 2015]

tRNA

Implicated in cardiomyopathy. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

mitochondrial methionyl-tRNA formyltransferase

The protein encoded by this nuclear gene localizes to the mitochondrion, where it catalyzes the formylation of methionyl-tRNA. [provided by RefSeq, Jun 2011]

glutamyl-tRNA synthetase 2, mitochondrial

This gene encodes a member of the class I family of aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases. These enzymes play a critical role in protein biosynthesis by charging tRNAs with their cognate amino acids. This protein is encoded by the nuclear genome but is likely to be imported to the mitochondrion where it is thought to catalyze the ligation of glutamate to tRNA molecules. Mutations in this gene have been associated with combined oxidative phosphorylation deficiency 12 (COXPD12). Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Mar 2015]

tRNA methyltransferase 6

This gene encodes a member of the tRNA methyltransferase 6 protein family. A similar protein in yeast is part of a two component methyltransferase, which is involved in the posttranslational modification that produces the modified nucleoside 1-methyladenosine in tRNAs. Modified 1-methyladenosine influences initiator methionine stability and may be involved in the replication of human immunodeficiency virus type 1. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2013]

tRNA methyltransferase 5

tRNAs contain as many as 13 or 14 nucleotides that are modified posttranscriptionally by enzymes that are highly specific for particular nucleotides in the tRNA structure. TRMT5 methylates the N1 position of guanosine-37 (G37) in selected tRNAs using S-adenosyl methionine (Brule et al., 2004 [PubMed 15248782]).[supplied by OMIM, Mar 2008]

tRNA methyltransferase 1 homolog (S. cerevisiae)

This gene encodes a tRNA-modifying enzyme that acts as a dimethyltransferase, modifying a single guanine residue at position 26 of the tRNA. The encoded enzyme has both mono- and dimethylase activity when exogenously expressed, and uses S-adenosyl methionine as a methyl donor. The C-terminal region of the encoded protein has both a zinc finger motif, and an arginine/proline-rich region. Mutations in this gene have been implicated in autosomal recessive intellectual disorder (ARID). Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms. There is a pseudogene of this gene on the X chromosome. [provided by RefSeq, May 2017]

arginyl-tRNA synthetase 2, mitochondrial

This nuclear gene encodes a protein that localizes to the mitochondria, where it catalyzes the transfer of L-arginine to its cognate tRNA, an important step in translation of mitochondrially-encoded proteins. Defects in this gene are a cause of pontocerebellar hypoplasia type 6 (PCH6). Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Jan 2016]

methionyl-tRNA synthetase

This gene encodes a member of the class I family of aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases. These enzymes play a critical role in protein biosynthesis by charging tRNAs with their cognate amino acids. The encoded protein is a component of the multi-tRNA synthetase complex and catalyzes the ligation of methionine to tRNA molecules. [provided by RefSeq, Jan 2011]

tyrosyl-tRNA synthetase 2, mitochondrial

This gene encodes a mitochondrial protein that catalyzes the attachment of tyrosine to tRNA(Tyr). Mutations in this gene are associated with myopathy with lactic acidosis and sideroblastic anemia type 2 (MLASA2). [provided by RefSeq, Jan 2011]

asparaginyl-tRNA synthetase 2, mitochondrial (putative)

This gene encodes a putative member of the class II family of aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases. These enzymes play a critical role in protein biosynthesis by charging tRNAs with their cognate amino acids. This protein is encoded by the nuclear genome but is likely to be imported to the mitochondrion where it is thought to catalyze the ligation of asparagine to tRNA molecules. Mutations in this gene have been associated with combined oxidative phosphorylation deficiency 24 (COXPD24). [provided by RefSeq, Mar 2015]

tRNA-histidine guanylyltransferase 1-like (S. cerevisiae)

The protein encoded by this gene is a mitochondrial protein that is induced by high levels of glucose and is associated with diabetic nephropathy. The encoded protein appears to increase mitochondrial biogenesis, which could lead to renal fibrosis. Another function of this protein is that of a guanyltransferase, adding GMP to the 5' end of tRNA(His). Several transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Dec 2015]

peptidyl-tRNA hydrolase domain containing 1

This gene encodes the enzyme peptidyl-tRNA hydrolase. Peptidyl-tRNA hydrolases perform the essential function of recycling peptidyl-tRNAs. Mutations in this gene are associated with autosomal-recessive intellectual disability and parkinsonism. [provided by RefSeq, May 2017]

TSEN15 tRNA splicing endonuclease subunit pseudogene 1

tryptophanyl-tRNA synthetase pseudogene 1

aminoacyl tRNA synthetase complex-interacting multifunctional protein 2

The protein encoded by this gene is part of the aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase complex, which contains nine different aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases and three non-enzymatic factors. The encoded protein is one of the non-enzymatic factors and is required for assembly and stability of the complex. [provided by RefSeq, May 2016]

aminoacyl tRNA synthetase complex-interacting multifunctional protein 1

The protein encoded by this gene is a cytokine that is specifically induced by apoptosis, and it is involved in the control of angiogenesis, inflammation, and wound healing. The release of this cytokine renders the tumor-associated vasculature sensitive to tumor necrosis factor. The precursor protein is identical to the p43 subunit, which is associated with the multi-tRNA synthetase complex, and it modulates aminoacylation activity of tRNA synthetase in normal cells. This protein is also involved in the stimulation of inflammatory responses after proteolytic cleavage in tumor cells. Multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. A pseudogene has been identified on chromosome 20. [provided by RefSeq, Dec 2008]

tRNA methyltransferase 11 homolog (S. cerevisiae)

Predicted to enable methyltransferase activity. Predicted to be involved in methylation and tRNA processing. Located in mitochondrion. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

tRNA methyltransferase 13 homolog (S. cerevisiae)

Predicted to enable tRNA methyltransferase activity. Predicted to be involved in tRNA methylation. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

tRNA methyltransferase 1 homolog (S. cerevisiae)-like

This gene encodes a protein that has some similarity to N2,N2-dimethylguanosine tRNA methyltransferase from other organisms. Studies of the mouse ortholog have shown that this protein plays a role in motor coordination and exploratory behavior, and it may also be involved in modulating postnatal neuronal functions. Alternatively spliced transcripts have been identified for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Jan 2011]

D-tyrosyl-tRNA deacylase 1

The protein encoded by this gene is similar in sequence to histidyl-tRNA synthetase, which hydrolyzes D-tyrosyl-tRNA(Tyr) into D-tyrosine and free tRNA(Tyr). The encoded protein binds the DNA unwinding element and plays a role in the initiation of DNA replication. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms. [provided by RefSeq, Dec 2015]

tRNA-yW synthesizing protein 5

Enables several functions, including iron ion binding activity; protein homodimerization activity; and tRNA(Phe) (7-(3-amino-3-carboxypropyl)wyosine37-C2)-hydroxylase activity. Involved in wybutosine biosynthetic process. Predicted to be located in cytoplasm. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

tRNA-yW synthesizing protein 1 homolog (S. cerevisiae)

Wybutosine (yW) is a hypermodified guanosine found in phenylalanine tRNA adjacent to the anticodon that stabilizes codon-anticodon interactions in the ribosome. In yeast, the homolog of this gene is essential for the synthesis of wybutosine. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Dec 2015]

tRNA-yW synthesizing protein 3 homolog (S. cerevisiae)

Wybutosine (yW) is a hypermodified guanosine at the 3-prime position adjacent to the anticodon of phenylalanine tRNA that stabilizes codon-anticodon interactions during decoding on the ribosome. TYW3 is the human homolog of a yeast gene essential for yW synthesis (Noma and Suzuki, 2006).[supplied by OMIM, Mar 2008]

tRNA-splicing endonuclease subunit Sen15 pseudogene

isoleucyl-tRNA synthetase 2, mitochondrial

Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases catalyze the aminoacylation of tRNA by their cognate amino acid. Because of their central role in linking amino acids with nucleotide triplets contained in tRNAS, aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases are thought to be among the first proteins that appeared in evolution. Two forms of isoleucine-tRNA synthetase exist, a cytoplasmic form and a mitochondrial form. This gene encodes the mitochondrial isoleucine-tRNA synthetase which belongs to the class-I aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase family. [provided by RefSeq, Dec 2014]

tRNA selenocysteine 1 associated protein 1

Enables RNA binding activity. Predicted to be involved in selenocysteine incorporation. Predicted to be located in cytoplasm. Predicted to be active in nucleus. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

TSEN2 tRNA splicing endonuclease subunit

This gene encodes one of the subunits of the tRNA splicing endonuclease. This endonuclease catalyzes the first step in RNA splicing which is the removal of introns. Mutations in this gene have been associated with pontocerebellar hypoplasia type 2. A pseudogene has been identified on chromosome 4. Multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene.[provided by RefSeq, Feb 2009]

tRNA

tRNA nucleotidyl transferase, CCA-adding, 1 pseudogene

tRNA nucleotidyl transferase, CCA-adding, 1 pseudogene

arginyl-tRNA synthetase pseudogene 1

aspartyl-tRNA synthetase 2, mitochondrial

The protein encoded by this gene belongs to the class-II aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase family. It is a mitochondrial enzyme that specifically aminoacylates aspartyl-tRNA. Mutations in this gene are associated with leukoencephalopathy with brainstem and spinal cord involvement and lactate elevation (LBSL). [provided by RefSeq, Nov 2009]

tryptophanyl-tRNA synthetase 1

Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases catalyze the aminoacylation of tRNA by their cognate amino acid. Because of their central role in linking amino acids with nucleotide triplets contained in tRNAs, aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases are thought to be among the first proteins that appeared in evolution. Two forms of tryptophanyl-tRNA synthetase exist, a cytoplasmic form, named WARS, and a mitochondrial form, named WARS2. Tryptophanyl-tRNA synthetase (WARS) catalyzes the aminoacylation of tRNA(trp) with tryptophan and is induced by interferon. Tryptophanyl-tRNA synthetase belongs to the class I tRNA synthetase family. Four transcript variants encoding two different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

cysteinyl-tRNA synthetase 1

This gene encodes a class 1 aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase, cysteinyl-tRNA synthetase. Each of the twenty aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases catalyzes the aminoacylation of a specific tRNA or tRNA isoaccepting family with the cognate amino acid. This gene is one of several located near the imprinted gene domain on chromosome 11p15.5, an important tumor-suppressor gene region. Alterations in this region have been associated with Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome, Wilms tumor, rhabdomyosarcoma, adrenocortical carcinoma, and lung, ovarian and breast cancers. Alternative splicing of this gene results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Aug 2010]

alanyl-tRNA synthetase 1

The human alanyl-tRNA synthetase (AARS) belongs to a family of tRNA synthases, of the class II enzymes. Class II tRNA synthases evolved early in evolution and are highly conserved. This is reflected by the fact that 498 of the 968-residue polypeptide human AARS shares 41% identity witht the E.coli protein. tRNA synthases are the enzymes that interpret the RNA code and attach specific aminoacids to the tRNAs that contain the cognate trinucleotide anticodons. They consist of a catalytic domain which interacts with the amino acid acceptor-T psi C helix of the tRNA, and a second domain which interacts with the rest of the tRNA structure. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

tyrosyl-tRNA synthetase 1

Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases catalyze the aminoacylation of tRNA by their cognate amino acid. Because of their central role in linking amino acids with nucleotide triplets contained in tRNAs, aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases are thought to be among the first proteins that appeared in evolution. Tyrosyl-tRNA synthetase belongs to the class I tRNA synthetase family. Cytokine activities have also been observed for the human tyrosyl-tRNA synthetase, after it is split into two parts, an N-terminal fragment that harbors the catalytic site and a C-terminal fragment found only in the mammalian enzyme. The N-terminal fragment is an interleukin-8-like cytokine, whereas the released C-terminal fragment is an EMAP II-like cytokine. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

leucyl-tRNA synthetase 1

This gene encodes a cytosolic leucine-tRNA synthetase, a member of the class I aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase family. The encoded enzyme catalyzes the ATP-dependent ligation of L-leucine to tRNA(Leu). It is found in the cytoplasm as part of a multisynthetase complex and interacts with the arginine tRNA synthetase through its C-terminal domain. A mutation in this gene was found in affected individuals with infantile liver failure syndrome 1. Alternatively spliced transcript variants of this gene have been observed. [provided by RefSeq, Dec 2015]

methionyl-tRNA synthetase 1

This gene encodes a member of the class I family of aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases. These enzymes play a critical role in protein biosynthesis by charging tRNAs with their cognate amino acids. The encoded protein is a component of the multi-tRNA synthetase complex and catalyzes the ligation of methionine to tRNA molecules. [provided by RefSeq, Jan 2011]

glutaminyl-tRNA synthetase 1

Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases catalyze the aminoacylation of tRNA by their cognate amino acid. Because of their central role in linking amino acids with nucleotide triplets contained in tRNAs, aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases are thought to be among the first proteins that appeared in evolution. In metazoans, 9 aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases specific for glutamine (gln), glutamic acid (glu), and 7 other amino acids are associated within a multienzyme complex. Although present in eukaryotes, glutaminyl-tRNA synthetase (QARS) is absent from many prokaryotes, mitochondria, and chloroplasts, in which Gln-tRNA(Gln) is formed by transamidation of the misacylated Glu-tRNA(Gln). Glutaminyl-tRNA synthetase belongs to the class-I aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase family. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Jan 2013]

aspartyl-tRNA synthetase 1

This gene encodes a member of a multienzyme complex that functions in mediating the attachment of amino acids to their cognate tRNAs. The encoded protein ligates L-aspartate to tRNA(Asp). Mutations in this gene have been found in patients showing hypomyelination with brainstem and spinal cord involvement and leg spasticity. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Jun 2014]

asparaginyl-tRNA synthetase 1

Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases are a class of enzymes that charge tRNAs with their cognate amino acids. Asparaginyl-tRNA synthetase is localized to the cytoplasm and belongs to the class II family of tRNA synthetases. The N-terminal domain represents the signature sequence for the eukaryotic asparaginyl-tRNA synthetases. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

glutamyl-prolyl-tRNA synthetase 1

Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases are a class of enzymes that charge tRNAs with their cognate amino acids. The protein encoded by this gene is a multifunctional aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase that catalyzes the aminoacylation of glutamic acid and proline tRNA species. Alternative splicing has been observed for this gene, but the full-length nature and biological validity of the variant have not been determined. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

histidyl-tRNA synthetase 1

Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases are a class of enzymes that charge tRNAs with their cognate amino acids. The protein encoded by this gene is a cytoplasmic enzyme which belongs to the class II family of aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases. The enzyme is responsible for the synthesis of histidyl-transfer RNA, which is essential for the incorporation of histidine into proteins. The gene is located in a head-to-head orientation with HARSL on chromosome five, where the homologous genes share a bidirectional promoter. The gene product is a frequent target of autoantibodies in the human autoimmune disease polymyositis/dermatomyositis. Several transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Apr 2012]

lysyl-tRNA synthetase 1

Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases are a class of enzymes that charge tRNAs with their cognate amino acids. Lysyl-tRNA synthetase is a homodimer localized to the cytoplasm which belongs to the class II family of tRNA synthetases. It has been shown to be a target of autoantibodies in the human autoimmune diseases, polymyositis or dermatomyositis. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

queuine tRNA-ribosyltransferase accessory subunit 2

This gene encodes a subunit of tRNA-guanine transglycosylase. tRNA-guanine transglycosylase is a heterodimeric enzyme complex that plays a critical role in tRNA modification by synthesizing the 7-deazaguanosine queuosine, which is found in tRNAs that code for asparagine, aspartic acid, histidine, and tyrosine. The encoded protein may play a role in the queuosine 5'-monophosphate salvage pathway. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding multiple isoforms have been observed for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Feb 2012]

seryl-tRNA synthetase 1

This gene belongs to the class II amino-acyl tRNA family. The encoded enzyme catalyzes the transfer of L-serine to tRNA (Ser) and is related to bacterial and yeast counterparts. Multiple alternatively spliced transcript variants have been described but the biological validity of all variants is unknown. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2010]

arginyl-tRNA synthetase 1

Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases catalyze the aminoacylation of tRNA by their cognate amino acid. Because of their central role in linking amino acids with nucleotide triplets contained in tRNAs, aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases are thought to be among the first proteins that appeared in evolution. Arginyl-tRNA synthetase belongs to the class-I aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase family. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

isoleucyl-tRNA synthetase 1

Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases catalyze the aminoacylation of tRNA by their cognate amino acid. Because of their central role in linking amino acids with nucleotide triplets contained in tRNAS, aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases are thought to be among the first proteins that appeared in evolution. Isoleucine-tRNA synthetase belongs to the class-I aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase family and has been identified as a target of autoantibodies in the autoimmune disease polymyositis/dermatomyositis. Alternatively spliced transcript variants have been found. [provided by RefSeq, Nov 2012]

tRNA methyltransferase O

Enables tRNA (L-threonylcarbamoyladenosine(37)-C2) methyltransferase activity. Involved in tRNA methylation. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

threonyl-tRNA synthetase 1

Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases catalyze the aminoacylation of tRNA by their cognate amino acid. Because of their central role in linking amino acids with nucleotide triplets contained in tRNAs, aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases are thought to be among the first proteins that appeared in evolution. Threonyl-tRNA synthetase belongs to the class-II aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase family [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

glycyl-tRNA synthetase 1

This gene encodes glycyl-tRNA synthetase, one of the aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases that charge tRNAs with their cognate amino acids. The encoded enzyme is an (alpha)2 dimer which belongs to the class II family of tRNA synthetases. It has been shown to be a target of autoantibodies in the human autoimmune diseases, polymyositis or dermatomyositis. Two transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Oct 2015]

valyl-tRNA synthetase 1

Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases catalyze the aminoacylation of tRNA by their cognate amino acid. Because of their central role in linking amino acids with nucleotide triplets contained in tRNAs, aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases are thought to be among the first proteins that appeared in evolution. The protein encoded by this gene belongs to class-I aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase family and is located in the class III region of the major histocompatibility complex. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

threonyl-tRNA synthetase 3

Predicted to enable threonine-tRNA ligase activity. Predicted to be involved in threonyl-tRNA aminoacylation. Predicted to be located in cytoplasm and nucleus. Predicted to be active in mitochondrion. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

tRNA methyltransferase 9B (putative)

Enables tRNA methyltransferase activity. Predicted to be involved in tRNA methylation and tRNA wobble uridine modification. Predicted to be active in cytoplasm and nucleus. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

queuosine-tRNA galactosyltransferase

queuosine-tRNA mannosyltransferase

tRNA wybutosine-synthesizing protein 2

tRNA splicing ligase complex subunit 1

Predicted to enable metal ion binding activity. Involved in tRNA splicing, via endonucleolytic cleavage and ligation. Part of tRNA-splicing ligase complex. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

tRNA splicing ligase complex subunit 3B

Enables identical protein binding activity and protein methyltransferase activity. Involved in positive regulation of cell population proliferation; positive regulation of gene expression; and protein methylation. Located in cytoplasm and nucleoplasm. Part of tRNA-splicing ligase complex. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

tRNA splicing ligase complex subunit 2

Predicted to be involved in tRNA splicing, via endonucleolytic cleavage and ligation. Located in nucleoplasm. Part of tRNA-splicing ligase complex. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

tRNA splicing ligase complex subunit 3C

Predicted to be part of tRNA-splicing ligase complex. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

tRNA splicing ligase complex subunit 3A

Enables protein methyltransferase activity. Involved in positive regulation of cell population proliferation; positive regulation of gene expression; and protein methylation. Predicted to be part of tRNA-splicing ligase complex. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2023

genes participating in the negative regulation of tRNA catabolic process biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2023 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2025

genes participating in the negative regulation of tRNA catabolic process biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2025 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2015

genes participating in the trna catabolic process biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2015 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2015

genes participating in the nuclear polyadenylation-dependent trna catabolic process biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2015 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2023

genes participating in the tRNA catabolic process biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2023 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2023

genes participating in the nuclear polyadenylation-dependent tRNA catabolic process biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2023 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2015

genes participating in the negative regulation of udp-glucose catabolic process biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2015 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2015

genes participating in the negative regulation of arginine catabolic process biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2015 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2015

genes participating in the negative regulation of low-density lipoprotein particle receptor catabolic process biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2015 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2015

genes participating in the negative regulation of phosphatidylcholine catabolic process biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2015 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2015

genes participating in the negative regulation of protein ubiquitination involved in ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2015 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2015

genes participating in the negative regulation of camp catabolic process biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2015 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2015

genes participating in the negative regulation of dna catabolic process biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2015 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2015

genes participating in the negative regulation of purine nucleotide catabolic process biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2015 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2015

genes participating in the negative regulation of cyclin catabolic process biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2015 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2015

genes participating in the negative regulation of er-associated ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2015 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2015

genes participating in the negative regulation of catabolic process biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2015 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2015

genes participating in the negative regulation of protein catabolic process biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2015 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2015

genes participating in the negative regulation of cellular catabolic process biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2015 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2015

genes participating in the negative regulation of hydrogen peroxide catabolic process biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2015 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2015

genes participating in the negative regulation of lipid catabolic process biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2015 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2015

genes participating in the negative regulation of nuclear-transcribed mrna catabolic process, nonsense-mediated decay biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2015 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2015

genes participating in the negative regulation of cellular amine catabolic process biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2015 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2015

genes participating in the negative regulation of triglyceride catabolic process biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2015 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2015

genes participating in the negative regulation of amyloid precursor protein catabolic process biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2015 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2015

genes participating in the negative regulation of cellular protein catabolic process biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2015 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2015

genes participating in the negative regulation of nuclear-transcribed mrna catabolic process, deadenylation-dependent decay biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2015 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2015

genes participating in the negative regulation of elastin catabolic process biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2015 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2015

genes participating in the negative regulation of receptor catabolic process biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2015 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2015

genes participating in the negative regulation of cyclic nucleotide catabolic process biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2015 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2015

genes participating in the negative regulation of rna catabolic process biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2015 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2015

genes participating in the negative regulation of aspartic-type endopeptidase activity involved in amyloid precursor protein catabolic process biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2015 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2015

genes participating in the negative regulation of mitochondrial rna catabolic process biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2015 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2015

genes participating in the negative regulation of metalloendopeptidase activity involved in amyloid precursor protein catabolic process biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2015 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2015

genes participating in the negative regulation of proteolysis involved in cellular protein catabolic process biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2015 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2015

genes participating in the negative regulation of nucleotide catabolic process biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2015 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2015

genes participating in the negative regulation of proteasomal ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2015 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2015

genes participating in the negative regulation of mrna catabolic process biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2015 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2015

genes participating in the negative regulation of proteasomal protein catabolic process biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2015 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2015

genes participating in the negative regulation of glycogen catabolic process biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2015 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2015

genes participating in the negative regulation of collagen catabolic process biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2015 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2023

genes participating in the negative regulation of nuclear-transcribed mRNA catabolic process, nonsense-mediated decay biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2023 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2023

genes participating in the negative regulation of proteasomal ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2023 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2023

genes participating in the negative regulation of protein catabolic process biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2023 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2023

genes participating in the negative regulation of aspartic-type endopeptidase activity involved in amyloid precursor protein catabolic process biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2023 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2023

genes participating in the negative regulation of ER-associated ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2023 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2023

genes participating in the negative regulation of ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2023 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2023

genes participating in the negative regulation of nuclear-transcribed mRNA catabolic process, deadenylation-dependent decay biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2023 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2023

genes participating in the negative regulation of lipid catabolic process biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2023 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2023

genes participating in the negative regulation of hydrogen peroxide catabolic process biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2023 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2023

genes participating in the negative regulation of collagen catabolic process biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2023 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2023

genes participating in the negative regulation of elastin catabolic process biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2023 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2023

genes participating in the negative regulation of glycogen catabolic process biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2023 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2023

genes participating in the negative regulation of phosphatidylcholine catabolic process biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2023 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2023

genes participating in the negative regulation of triglyceride catabolic process biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2023 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2023

genes participating in the negative regulation of amyloid precursor protein catabolic process biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2023 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2023

genes participating in the negative regulation of proteasomal protein catabolic process biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2023 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2023

genes participating in the negative regulation of low-density lipoprotein particle receptor catabolic process biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2023 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2023

genes participating in the negative regulation of proteolysis involved in protein catabolic process biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2023 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2023

genes participating in the negative regulation of arginine catabolic process biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2023 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2023

genes participating in the negative regulation of lysosomal protein catabolic process biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2023 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2023

genes participating in the negative regulation of UDP-glucose catabolic process biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2023 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2023

genes participating in the negative regulation of mRNA catabolic process biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2023 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2023

genes participating in the negative regulation of metalloendopeptidase activity involved in amyloid precursor protein catabolic process biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2023 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2023

genes participating in the negative regulation of receptor catabolic process biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2023 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2023

genes participating in the negative regulation of miRNA catabolic process biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2023 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2023

genes participating in the negative regulation of SCF-dependent proteasomal ubiquitin-dependent catabolic process biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2023 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2023

genes participating in the negative regulation of catabolic process biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2023 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2023

genes participating in the negative regulation of RNA catabolic process biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2023 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2023

genes participating in the negative regulation of cellular catabolic process biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2023 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2023

genes participating in the negative regulation of DNA catabolic process biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2023 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2023

genes participating in the negative regulation of amine catabolic process biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2023 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2023

genes participating in the negative regulation of protein catabolic process in the vacuole biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2023 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2025

genes participating in the negative regulation of nuclear-transcribed mRNA catabolic process, nonsense-mediated decay biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2025 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2025

genes participating in the negative regulation of proteasomal ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2025 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2025

genes participating in the negative regulation of protein catabolic process biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2025 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2025

genes participating in the negative regulation of aspartic-type endopeptidase activity involved in amyloid precursor protein catabolic process biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2025 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2025

genes participating in the negative regulation of ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2025 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2025

genes participating in the negative regulation of nuclear-transcribed mRNA catabolic process, deadenylation-dependent decay biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2025 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2025

genes participating in the negative regulation of lipid catabolic process biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2025 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2025

genes participating in the negative regulation of hydrogen peroxide catabolic process biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2025 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2025

genes participating in the negative regulation of collagen catabolic process biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2025 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2025

genes participating in the negative regulation of elastin catabolic process biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2025 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2025

genes participating in the negative regulation of glycogen catabolic process biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2025 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2025

genes participating in the negative regulation of phosphatidylcholine catabolic process biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2025 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2025

genes participating in the negative regulation of triglyceride catabolic process biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2025 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2025

genes participating in the negative regulation of amyloid precursor protein catabolic process biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2025 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2025

genes participating in the negative regulation of proteasomal protein catabolic process biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2025 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2025

genes participating in the negative regulation of low-density lipoprotein particle receptor catabolic process biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2025 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2025

genes participating in the negative regulation of proteolysis involved in protein catabolic process biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2025 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2025

genes participating in the negative regulation of arginine catabolic process biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2025 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2025

genes participating in the negative regulation of lysosomal protein catabolic process biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2025 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2025

genes participating in the negative regulation of UDP-glucose catabolic process biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2025 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2025

genes participating in the negative regulation of mRNA catabolic process biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2025 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2025

genes participating in the negative regulation of receptor catabolic process biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2025 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2025

genes participating in the negative regulation of miRNA catabolic process biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2025 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2025

genes participating in the negative regulation of SCF-dependent proteasomal ubiquitin-dependent catabolic process biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2025 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2025

genes participating in the negative regulation of catabolic process biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2025 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2025

genes participating in the negative regulation of RNA catabolic process biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2025 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2025

genes participating in the negative regulation of DNA catabolic process biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2025 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2025

genes participating in the negative regulation of purine nucleotide catabolic process biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2025 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2025

genes participating in the negative regulation of amine catabolic process biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2025 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2025

genes participating in the negative regulation of protein catabolic process in the vacuole biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2025 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2015

genes participating in the conversion of methionyl-trna to n-formyl-methionyl-trna biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2015 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2023

genes participating in the conversion of methionyl-tRNA to N-formyl-methionyl-tRNA biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2023 dataset.

From Reactome Pathways 2024

proteins participating in the tRNA-derived small RNA (tsRNA or tRNA-related fragment, tRF) biogenesis pathway from the Reactome Pathways 2024 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2025

genes participating in the conversion of methionyl-tRNA to N-formyl-methionyl-tRNA biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2025 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2015

genes participating in the negative regulation of cell-cell adhesion by negative regulation of transcription from rna polymerase ii promoter biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2015 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2015

genes participating in the negative regulation of g1/s transition of mitotic cell cycle by negative regulation of transcription from rna polymerase ii promoter biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2015 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2023

genes participating in the negative regulation of G1/S transition of mitotic cell cycle by negative regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2023 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2015

genes participating in the regulation of glycolytic process by negative regulation of transcription from rna polymerase ii promoter biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2015 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2015

genes participating in the regulation of cellular ketone metabolic process by negative regulation of transcription from rna polymerase ii promoter biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2015 dataset.

From GWAS Catalog SNP-Phenotype Associations

genes associated with the Breast cancer (estrogen-receptor negative, progesterone-receptor negative, and human epidermal growth factor-receptor negative) phenotype in GWAS datasets from the GWAS Catalog SNP-Phenotype Associations dataset.

From GWAS Catalog SNP-Phenotype Associations 2025

genes associated with the Breast cancer (estrogen-receptor negative, progesterone-receptor negative, and human epidermal growth factor-receptor negative) phenotype in GWAS datasets from the GWAS Catalog SNP-Phenotype Associations 2025 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2015

genes participating in the regulation of proteasomal ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2015 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2015

genes participating in the positive regulation of hydrogen peroxide catabolic process biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2015 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2015

genes participating in the regulation of glucosylceramide catabolic process biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2015 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2015

genes participating in the regulation of receptor catabolic process biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2015 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2015

genes participating in the regulation of cellular carbohydrate catabolic process biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2015 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2015

genes participating in the positive regulation of proteasomal ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2015 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2015

genes participating in the regulation of sphingomyelin catabolic process biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2015 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2015

genes participating in the regulation of elastin catabolic process biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2015 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2015

genes participating in the positive regulation of amyloid precursor protein catabolic process biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2015 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2015

genes participating in the regulation of mirna catabolic process biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2015 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2015

genes participating in the regulation of cellular amine catabolic process biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2015 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2015

genes participating in the positive regulation of low-density lipoprotein particle receptor catabolic process biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2015 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2015

genes participating in the regulation of aspartic-type endopeptidase activity involved in amyloid precursor protein catabolic process biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2015 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2015

genes participating in the positive regulation of catabolic process biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2015 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2015

genes participating in the positive regulation of proteolysis involved in cellular protein catabolic process biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2015 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2015

genes participating in the positive regulation of phospholipid catabolic process biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2015 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2015

genes participating in the positive regulation of proteasomal ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process involved in cellular response to hypoxia biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2015 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2015

genes participating in the regulation of phospholipid catabolic process biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2015 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2015

genes participating in the positive regulation of receptor catabolic process biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2015 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2015

genes participating in the regulation of er-associated ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2015 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2015

genes participating in the regulation of nuclear-transcribed mrna catabolic process, nonsense-mediated decay biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2015 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2015

genes participating in the regulation of phosphatidylcholine catabolic process biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2015 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2015

genes participating in the regulation of cellular protein catabolic process biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2015 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2015

genes participating in the regulation of cellular catabolic process biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2015 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2015

genes participating in the regulation of cyclin catabolic process biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2015 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2015

genes participating in the positive regulation of mitochondrial rna catabolic process biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2015 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2015

genes participating in the positive regulation of camp catabolic process biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2015 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2015

genes participating in the positive regulation of triglyceride catabolic process biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2015 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2015

genes participating in the regulation of glycogen catabolic process biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2015 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2015

genes participating in the positive regulation of sphingomyelin catabolic process biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2015 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2015

genes participating in the regulation of nucleotide catabolic process biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2015 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2015

genes participating in the positive regulation of purine nucleotide catabolic process biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2015 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2015

genes participating in the regulation of amyloid precursor protein catabolic process biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2015 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2015

genes participating in the regulation of arginine catabolic process biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2015 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2015

genes participating in the regulation of collagen catabolic process biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2015 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2015

genes participating in the regulation of nuclear-transcribed mrna catabolic process, deadenylation-dependent decay biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2015 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2015

genes participating in the regulation of camp catabolic process biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2015 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2015

genes participating in the positive regulation of proteasomal protein catabolic process biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2015 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2015

genes participating in the regulation of proteasomal protein catabolic process biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2015 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2015

genes participating in the regulation of mitochondrial rna catabolic process biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2015 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2015

genes participating in the regulation of proteolysis involved in cellular protein catabolic process biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2015 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2015

genes participating in the positive regulation of cellular protein catabolic process biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2015 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2015

genes participating in the positive regulation of aspartic-type endopeptidase activity involved in amyloid precursor protein catabolic process biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2015 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2015

genes participating in the positive regulation of mirna catabolic process biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2015 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2015

genes participating in the positive regulation of mrna catabolic process biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2015 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2015

genes participating in the positive regulation of glucosylceramide catabolic process biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2015 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2015

genes participating in the positive regulation of cyclic nucleotide catabolic process biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2015 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2015

genes participating in the positive regulation of nuclear-transcribed mrna catabolic process, deadenylation-dependent decay biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2015 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2015

genes participating in the regulation of dna catabolic process biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2015 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2015

genes participating in the regulation of triglyceride catabolic process biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2015 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2015

genes participating in the regulation of metalloendopeptidase activity involved in amyloid precursor protein catabolic process biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2015 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2015

genes participating in the positive regulation of protein ubiquitination involved in ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2015 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2015

genes participating in the regulation of catabolic process biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2015 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2015

genes participating in the positive regulation of glycogen catabolic process biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2015 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2015

genes participating in the regulation of protein ubiquitination involved in ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2015 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2015

genes participating in the regulation of udp-glucose catabolic process biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2015 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2015

genes participating in the positive regulation of dna catabolic process biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2015 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2015

genes participating in the regulation of hydrogen peroxide catabolic process biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2015 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2015

genes participating in the positive regulation of nucleotide catabolic process biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2015 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2015

genes participating in the regulation of mrna catabolic process biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2015 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2015

genes participating in the positive regulation of protein catabolic process biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2015 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2015

genes participating in the regulation of low-density lipoprotein particle receptor catabolic process biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2015 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2015

genes participating in the positive regulation of er-associated ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2015 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2015

genes participating in the regulation of purine nucleotide catabolic process biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2015 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2015

genes participating in the regulation of carbohydrate catabolic process biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2015 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2015

genes participating in the positive regulation of cellular catabolic process biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2015 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2015

genes participating in the regulation of protein catabolic process biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2015 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2015

genes participating in the regulation of cyclic nucleotide catabolic process biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2015 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2015

genes participating in the positive regulation of lipid catabolic process biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2015 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2015

genes participating in the regulation of lipid catabolic process biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2015 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2023

genes participating in the regulation of protein catabolic process biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2023 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2023

genes participating in the positive regulation of mRNA catabolic process biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2023 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2023

genes participating in the positive regulation of nuclear-transcribed mRNA catabolic process, deadenylation-dependent decay biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2023 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2023

genes participating in the positive regulation of miRNA catabolic process biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2023 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2023

genes participating in the regulation of proteasomal protein catabolic process biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2023 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2023

genes participating in the positive regulation of proteasomal ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2023 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2023

genes participating in the regulation of proteasomal ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2023 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2023

genes participating in the positive regulation of protein catabolic process biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2023 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2023

genes participating in the positive regulation of ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2023 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2023

genes participating in the regulation of nuclear-transcribed mRNA catabolic process, nonsense-mediated decay biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2023 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2023

genes participating in the positive regulation of ER-associated ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2023 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2023

genes participating in the positive regulation of proteasomal protein catabolic process biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2023 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2023

genes participating in the positive regulation of aspartic-type endopeptidase activity involved in amyloid precursor protein catabolic process biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2023 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2023

genes participating in the positive regulation of amyloid precursor protein catabolic process biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2023 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2023

genes participating in the regulation of ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2023 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2023

genes participating in the regulation of phosphatidylcholine catabolic process biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2023 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2023

genes participating in the positive regulation of lysosomal protein catabolic process biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2023 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2023

genes participating in the positive regulation of lipid catabolic process biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2023 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2023

genes participating in the positive regulation of low-density lipoprotein particle receptor catabolic process biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2023 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2023

genes participating in the regulation of amyloid precursor protein catabolic process biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2023 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2023

genes participating in the positive regulation of triglyceride catabolic process biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2023 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2023

genes participating in the positive regulation of phospholipid catabolic process biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2023 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2023

genes participating in the positive regulation of proteolysis involved in protein catabolic process biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2023 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2023

genes participating in the regulation of lysosomal protein catabolic process biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2023 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2023

genes participating in the regulation of collagen catabolic process biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2023 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2023

genes participating in the regulation of prostaglandin catabolic process biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2023 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2023

genes participating in the positive regulation of glycogen catabolic process biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2023 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2023

genes participating in the positive regulation of receptor catabolic process biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2023 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2023

genes participating in the regulation of anaphase-promoting complex-dependent catabolic process biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2023 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2023

genes participating in the positive regulation of hydrogen peroxide catabolic process biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2023 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2023

genes participating in the positive regulation of protein catabolic process in the vacuole biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2023 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2023

genes participating in the positive regulation of glucosylceramide catabolic process biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2023 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2023

genes participating in the positive regulation of sphingomyelin catabolic process biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2023 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2023

genes participating in the positive regulation of glucose catabolic process to lactate via pyruvate biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2023 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2023

genes participating in the positive regulation of mitochondrial RNA catabolic process biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2023 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2023

genes participating in the regulation of aspartic-type endopeptidase activity involved in amyloid precursor protein catabolic process biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2023 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2023

genes participating in the regulation of carbohydrate catabolic process biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2023 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2023

genes participating in the regulation of nuclear-transcribed mRNA catabolic process, deadenylation-dependent decay biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2023 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2023

genes participating in the regulation of glycogen catabolic process biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2023 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2023

genes participating in the positive regulation of proteasomal ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process involved in cellular response to hypoxia biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2023 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2023

genes participating in the regulation of lipid catabolic process biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2023 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2023

genes participating in the positive regulation of transcription factor catabolic process biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2023 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2023

genes participating in the positive regulation of collagen catabolic process biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2023 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2023

genes participating in the regulation protein catabolic process at presynapse biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2023 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2023

genes participating in the positive regulation of anaphase-promoting complex-dependent catabolic process biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2023 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2023

genes participating in the regulation of ER-associated ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2023 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2023

genes participating in the positive regulation of cellular catabolic process biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2023 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2023

genes participating in the regulation of catabolic process biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2023 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2023

genes participating in the regulation of mRNA catabolic process biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2023 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2023

genes participating in the regulation of miRNA catabolic process biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2023 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2023

genes participating in the regulation of cellular catabolic process biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2023 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2023

genes participating in the regulation of proteolysis involved in protein catabolic process biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2023 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2023

genes participating in the positive regulation of catabolic process biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2023 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2023

genes participating in the regulation of DNA catabolic process biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2023 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2023

genes participating in the regulation of hydrogen peroxide catabolic process biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2023 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2023

genes participating in the regulation of elastin catabolic process biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2023 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2023

genes participating in the regulation of phospholipid catabolic process biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2023 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2023

genes participating in the regulation of low-density lipoprotein particle receptor catabolic process biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2023 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2023

genes participating in the regulation of triglyceride catabolic process biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2023 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2023

genes participating in the regulation of protein catabolic process in the vacuole biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2023 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2023

genes participating in the positive regulation of DNA catabolic process biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2023 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2023

genes participating in the regulation of receptor catabolic process biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2023 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2023

genes participating in the regulation of arginine catabolic process biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2023 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2023

genes participating in the regulation of UDP-glucose catabolic process biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2023 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2023

genes participating in the regulation of glucosylceramide catabolic process biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2023 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2023

genes participating in the regulation of sphingomyelin catabolic process biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2023 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2023

genes participating in the regulation of glucose catabolic process to lactate via pyruvate biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2023 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2023

genes participating in the regulation of mitochondrial RNA catabolic process biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2023 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2023

genes participating in the regulation of metalloendopeptidase activity involved in amyloid precursor protein catabolic process biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2023 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2023

genes participating in the regulation of transcription factor catabolic process biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2023 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2023

genes participating in the regulation of SCF-dependent proteasomal ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2023 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2023

genes participating in the regulation protein catabolic process at synapse biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2023 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2023

genes participating in the regulation of rRNA catabolic process biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2023 dataset.

From SynGO Synaptic Gene Annotations

genes associated with the synaptic term regulation of protein catabolic process at synapse, modulating synaptic transmission from the SynGO Synaptic Gene Annotations dataset.

From SynGO Synaptic Gene Annotations

genes associated with the synaptic term regulation protein catabolic process at postsynapse from the SynGO Synaptic Gene Annotations dataset.

From SynGO Synaptic Gene Annotations

genes associated with the synaptic term regulation of protein catabolic process at postsynapse, modulating synaptic transmission from the SynGO Synaptic Gene Annotations dataset.

From SynGO Synaptic Gene Annotations

genes associated with the synaptic term regulation of protein catabolic process at presynapse, modulating synaptic transmission from the SynGO Synaptic Gene Annotations dataset.

From SynGO Synaptic Gene Annotations

genes associated with the synaptic term regulation protein catabolic process at presynapse from the SynGO Synaptic Gene Annotations dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2025

genes participating in the regulation of protein catabolic process biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2025 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2025

genes participating in the positive regulation of mRNA catabolic process biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2025 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2025

genes participating in the positive regulation of nuclear-transcribed mRNA catabolic process, deadenylation-dependent decay biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2025 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2025

genes participating in the positive regulation of miRNA catabolic process biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2025 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2025

genes participating in the regulation of proteasomal protein catabolic process biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2025 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2025

genes participating in the positive regulation of proteasomal ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2025 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2025

genes participating in the regulation of proteasomal ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2025 dataset.

From GO Biological Process Annotations 2025

genes participating in the positive regulation of protein catabolic process biological process from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2025 dataset.