Harmonizome 3.0

ring finger protein 175

Predicted to enable ubiquitin protein ligase activity. Predicted to be involved in ERAD pathway. Predicted to be located in membrane. Predicted to be active in Golgi membrane and endoplasmic reticulum membrane. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

ring finger protein 170

This gene encodes a RING domain-containing protein that resides in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membrane. This protein functions as an E3 ubiquitin ligase and mediates ubiquitination and processing of inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP3) receptors via the ER-associated protein degradation pathway. It is recruited to the activated IP3 receptors by the ERLIN1/ERLIN2 complex to which it is constitutively bound. Mutations in this gene are associated with autosomal dominant sensory ataxia. Alternatively spliced transcript variants have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Jun 2012]

ring finger and WD repeat domain 2, E3 ubiquitin protein ligase pseudogene 1

ring finger and FYVE-like domain containing E3 ubiquitin protein ligase

Enables enzyme binding activity; p53 binding activity; and ubiquitin protein ligase activity. Involved in several processes, including negative regulation of cysteine-type endopeptidase activity; negative regulation of signal transduction; and protein K48-linked ubiquitination. Located in endosome membrane and plasma membrane. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

makorin ring finger protein 6, pseudogene

membrane-associated ring finger (C3HC4) 11

MARCH11 is a member of the MARCH family of membrane-bound E3 ubiquitin ligases (EC 6.3.2.19). These enzymes add ubiquitin (see MIM 191339) to target lysines in substrate proteins, thereby signaling their intracellular transport. March11 appears to have a role in ubiquitin-mediated protein sorting in the trans-Golgi network (TGN)-multivesicular body (MVB) transport pathway (Morokuma et al., 2007 [PubMed 17604280]).[supplied by OMIM, Apr 2010]

membrane-associated ring finger (C3HC4) 10, E3 ubiquitin protein ligase

MARCH10 is a member of the MARCH family of membrane-bound E3 ubiquitin ligases (EC 6.3.2.19). MARCH enzymes add ubiquitin (see MIM 191339) to target lysines in substrate proteins, thereby signaling their vesicular transport between membrane compartments (Morokuma et al., 2007 [PubMed 17604280]).[supplied by OMIM, Apr 2010]

ring finger protein 208

Enables ubiquitin-protein transferase activity. Involved in protein autoubiquitination. Located in cytosol and nucleoplasm. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

ring finger protein 207

Enables Hsp70 protein binding activity and transmembrane transporter binding activity. Involved in positive regulation of gene expression. Located in perinuclear region of cytoplasm. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

ring finger protein 11 pseudogene 2

ring finger protein 11 pseudogene 1

ring finger protein 13 pseudogene

ring finger protein 19B pseudogene, X-linked

ring finger protein 19B pseudogene, Y-linked

ring finger protein 4 pseudogene

ring finger protein 128, E3 ubiquitin protein ligase

The protein encoded by this gene is a type I transmembrane protein that localizes to the endocytic pathway. This protein contains a RING zinc-finger motif and has been shown to possess E3 ubiquitin ligase activity. Expression of this gene in retrovirally transduced T cell hybridoma significantly inhibits activation-induced IL2 and IL4 cytokine production. Induced expression of this gene was observed in anergic CD4(+) T cells, which suggested a role in the induction of anergic phenotype. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding distinct isoforms have been reported. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

ring finger protein 126

The protein encoded by this gene contains a RING finger domain, a motif present in a variety of functionally distinct proteins and known to be involved in protein-protein and protein-DNA interactions. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

ring finger protein 125, E3 ubiquitin protein ligase

This gene encodes a novel E3 ubiquitin ligase that contains a RING finger domain in the N-terminus and three zinc-binding and one ubiquitin-interacting motif in the C-terminus. As a result of myristoylation, this protein associates with membranes and is primarily localized to intracellular membrane systems. The encoded protein may function as a positive regulator in the T-cell receptor signaling pathway. [provided by RefSeq, Mar 2012]

ring finger protein 123

The protein encoded by this gene contains a C-terminal RING finger domain, a motif present in a variety of functionally distinct proteins and known to be involved in protein-protein and protein-DNA interactions, and an N-terminal SPRY domain. This protein displays E3 ubiquitin ligase activity toward the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1B which is also known as p27 or KIP1. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Feb 2016]

ring finger protein 122

The encoded protein contains a RING finger, a motif present in a variety of functionally distinct proteins and known to be involved in protein-protein and protein-DNA interactions. The encoded protein is localized to the endoplasmic reticulum and golgi apparatus, and may be associated with cell viability. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2013]

ring finger protein 121

The protein encoded by this gene contains a RING finger, a motif present in a variety of functionally distinct proteins and known to be involved in protein-protein and protein-DNA interactions. Several alternatively spliced transcript variants have been noted for this gene, however, not all are likely to encode viable protein products. [provided by RefSeq, Sep 2008]

PDZ domain containing ring finger 4

Predicted to enable metal ion binding activity. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

PDZ domain containing ring finger 3

This gene encodes a member of the LNX (Ligand of Numb Protein-X) family of RING-type ubiquitin E3 ligases. This protein may function in vascular morphogenesis and the differentiation of adipocytes, osteoblasts and myoblasts. This protein may be targeted for degradation by the human papilloma virus E6 protein. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Dec 2014]

ring finger protein 225

Predicted to enable ubiquitin protein ligase activity. Predicted to be involved in protein ubiquitination. Predicted to be located in membrane. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

ring finger and WD repeat domain 2, E3 ubiquitin protein ligase pseudogene

makorin ring finger protein 8, pseudogene

makorin ring finger protein 1 pseudogene

makorin ring finger protein 1

This gene encodes a protein that belongs to a novel class of zinc finger proteins. The encoded protein functions as a transcriptional co-regulator, and as an E3 ubiquitin ligase that promotes the ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation of target proteins. The protein encoded by this gene is thought to regulate RNA polymerase II-catalyzed transcription. Substrates for this protein's E3 ubiquitin ligase activity include the capsid protein of the West Nile virus and the catalytic subunit of the telomerase ribonucleoprotein. This protein controls cell cycle arrest and apoptosis by regulating p21, a cell cycle regulator, and the tumor suppressor protein p53. Pseudogenes of this gene are present on chromosomes 1, 3, 9, 12 and 20, and on the X chromosome. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms. [provided by RefSeq, Apr 2014]

makorin ring finger protein 3

The protein encoded by this gene contains a RING (C3HC4) zinc finger motif and several C3H zinc finger motifs. This gene is intronless and imprinted, with expression only from the paternal allele. Disruption of the imprinting at this locus may contribute to Prader-Willi syndrome. An antisense RNA of unknown function has been found overlapping this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

makorin ring finger protein 2

This gene encodes a probable E3 ubiquitin ligase containing several zinc finger domains, that is a member of the makorin RING zinc-finger protein family. This gene overlaps the v-raf-1 murine leukemia viral oncogene homolog 1 (RAF1) gene in an antisense orientation and may have a co-regulatory function with RAF1. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Nov 2012]

ring finger protein, transmembrane 1

Enables ubiquitin binding activity and ubiquitin protein ligase activity. Involved in positive regulation of ERAD pathway and protein autoubiquitination. Located in endoplasmic reticulum. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

ubiquitin-like with PHD and ring finger domains 1

This gene encodes a member of a subfamily of RING-finger type E3 ubiquitin ligases. The protein binds to specific DNA sequences, and recruits a histone deacetylase to regulate gene expression. Its expression peaks at late G1 phase and continues during G2 and M phases of the cell cycle. It plays a major role in the G1/S transition by regulating topoisomerase IIalpha and retinoblastoma gene expression, and functions in the p53-dependent DNA damage checkpoint. It is regarded as a hub protein for the integration of epigenetic information. This gene is up-regulated in various cancers, and it is therefore considered to be a therapeutic target. Multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. A related pseudogene exists on chromosome 12. [provided by RefSeq, Feb 2014]

ubiquitin-like with PHD and ring finger domains 2, E3 ubiquitin protein ligase

This gene encodes a nuclear protein which is involved in cell-cycle regulation. The encoded protein is a ubiquitin-ligase capable of ubiquinating PCNP (PEST-containing nuclear protein), and together they may play a role in tumorigenesis. The encoded protein contains an NIRF_N domain, a PHD finger, a set- and ring-associated (SRA) domain, and a RING finger domain and several of these domains have been shown to be essential for the regulation of cell proliferation. This protein may also have a role in intranuclear degradation of polyglutamine aggregates. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants some of which are non-protein coding. [provided by RefSeq, Feb 2012]

RING finger protein 145-like

zinc and ring finger 4

Enables ubiquitin protein ligase activity. Involved in negative regulation of nucleotide-binding activity oligomerization domain containing 2 signaling pathway and proteasome-mediated ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process. Is active in endoplasmic reticulum membrane. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

zinc and ring finger 1, E3 ubiquitin protein ligase

This gene encodes an E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase that plays a role in neural-cell differentiation. Overexpression of this gene causes neurite-like elongation. The encoded protein contains both a zinc finger and a RING finger motif and is localized in the endosome/lysosome compartment, indicating that it may be involved in ubiquitin-mediated protein modification, and in synaptic vessicle membranes in neurons. [provided by RefSeq, Feb 2012]

zinc and ring finger 3

Enables frizzled binding activity and ubiquitin-protein transferase activity. Involved in negative regulation of Wnt signaling pathway; protein ubiquitination; and ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process. Located in plasma membrane. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

zinc and ring finger 2, E3 ubiquitin protein ligase

Enables ubiquitin protein ligase activity. Involved in positive regulation of autophagosome-lysosome fusion. Located in cytoplasmic vesicle membrane; nuclear lumen; and plasma membrane. Part of protein-containing complex. Is active in intracellular membrane-bounded organelle. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

ring finger protein 138, E3 ubiquitin protein ligase pseudogene 1

ring finger and SPRY domain containing 1

This gene encodes a glycoprotein that contains a RING-type zinc finger domain and an SPRY domain of unknown function. Alternative splicing of this gene results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Feb 2015]

polycomb group ring finger 6 pseudogene

ring finger protein 115

Enables ubiquitin protein ligase activity. Involved in negative regulation of signal transduction; protein ubiquitination; and ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process via the multivesicular body sorting pathway. Is active in endoplasmic reticulum. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

ring finger protein 112

This gene encodes a member of the RING finger protein family of transcription factors. The protein is primarily expressed in brain. The gene is located within the Smith-Magenis syndrome region on chromosome 17. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

ring finger protein 111

The protein encoded by this gene is a nuclear RING-domain containing E3 ubiquitin ligase. This protein interacts with the transforming growth factor (TGF) -beta/NODAL signaling pathway by promoting the ubiquitination and proteosomal degradation of negative regulators, like SMAD proteins, and thereby enhances TGF-beta target-gene transcription. As a modulator of the nodal signaling cascade, this gene plays a critical role in the induction of mesoderm during embryonic development. Alternative splicing of this gene results in multiple transcript variants encoding distinct isoforms. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2012]

mahogunin ring finger 1, E3 ubiquitin protein ligase

Enables ubiquitin-protein transferase activity. Involved in endosome to lysosome transport; negative regulation of adenylate cyclase-activating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway; and protein monoubiquitination. Located in several cellular components, including early endosome; endoplasmic reticulum; and nucleus. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

checkpoint with forkhead and ring finger domains, E3 ubiquitin protein ligase

This gene encodes an E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase required for the maintenance of the antephase checkpoint that regulates cell cycle entry into mitosis and, therefore, may play a key role in cell cycle progression and tumorigenesis. The encoded protein has an N-terminal forkhead-associated domain, a central RING-finger domain, and a cysteine-rich C-terminal region. Alternatively spliced transcript variants that encode different protein isoforms have been described. [provided by RefSeq, Mar 2014]

ring finger protein 216 pseudogene 1

cell growth regulator with ring finger domain 1

Predicted to enable metal ion binding activity. Predicted to be involved in negative regulation of cell growth. Located in endoplasmic reticulum and nucleoplasm. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

ring finger protein 19B

This gene encodes a multi-pass membrane protein containing two RING-type and one IBR-type zinc finger motifs. The encoded protin is an E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase that plays a role in the cytotoxic effects of natural killer (NK) cells. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. There are pseudogenes for this gene on chromosomes X and Y in a possible pseudoautosomal region. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2014]

ring finger protein 19A, RBR E3 ubiquitin protein ligase

This gene encodes a member of the ring between ring fingers (RBR) protein family, and the encoded protein contains two RING-finger motifs and an in between RING fingers motif. This protein is an E3 ubiquitin ligase that is localized to Lewy bodies, and ubiquitylates synphilin-1, which is an interacting protein of alpha synuclein in neurons. The encoded protein may be involved in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and Parkinson's disease. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2013]

ring finger protein, transmembrane 2

Predicted to enable ubiquitin protein ligase activity. Predicted to be involved in positive regulation of ERAD pathway. Predicted to be located in membrane. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

LON peptidase N-terminal domain and ring finger 2 pseudogene

ring finger protein, transmembrane 1 pseudogene 1

ring finger protein, transmembrane 1 pseudogene 2

ring finger protein 4 pseudogene

ring finger protein 220

Enables beta-catenin binding activity. Involved in positive regulation of canonical Wnt signaling pathway. Acts upstream of or within positive regulation of DNA-binding transcription factor activity and protein monoubiquitination. Located in nuclear lamina. Part of protein-containing complex. Implicated in hypomyelinating leukodystrophy 23. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

ring finger protein 222

Predicted to enable metal ion binding activity. Predicted to be located in membrane. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

ring finger protein 223

Predicted to enable ubiquitin protein ligase activity. Predicted to be involved in protein ubiquitination. Predicted to be located in membrane. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

ring finger protein 224

Predicted to enable metal ion binding activity. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

RING finger and transmembrane domain-containing protein 1-like

ring finger protein 148

Predicted to enable ubiquitin protein ligase activity. Predicted to be involved in ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process. Predicted to be located in membrane. Predicted to be active in Golgi apparatus; endoplasmic reticulum; and late endosome. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

BRCA1 associated RING domain 1

This gene encodes a protein which interacts with the N-terminal region of BRCA1. In addition to its ability to bind BRCA1 in vivo and in vitro, it shares homology with the 2 most conserved regions of BRCA1: the N-terminal RING motif and the C-terminal BRCT domain. The RING motif is a cysteine-rich sequence found in a variety of proteins that regulate cell growth, including the products of tumor suppressor genes and dominant protooncogenes. This protein also contains 3 tandem ankyrin repeats. The BARD1/BRCA1 interaction is disrupted by tumorigenic amino acid substitutions in BRCA1, implying that the formation of a stable complex between these proteins may be an essential aspect of BRCA1 tumor suppression. This protein may be the target of oncogenic mutations in breast or ovarian cancer. Multiple alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Sep 2013]

polycomb group ring finger 3 pseudogene

ring finger protein 149

Predicted to enable ubiquitin protein ligase activity. Predicted to be involved in ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process. Predicted to act upstream of or within cellular response to xenobiotic stimulus; negative regulation of MAPK cascade; and regulation of protein stability. Located in membrane. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

ring finger protein 141

The protein encoded by this gene contains a RING finger, a motif known to be involved in protein-DNA and protein-protein interactions. Abundant expression of this gene was found in the testicular tissue of fertile men, but was not detected in azoospermic patients. Studies of the mouse counterpart suggest that this gene may function as a testis specific transcription factor during spermatogenesis. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

ring finger protein 145

Predicted to enable ubiquitin protein ligase activity. Predicted to be involved in proteasome-mediated ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process. Predicted to be located in endoplasmic reticulum membrane. Predicted to be active in endomembrane system. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

ring finger protein 146

Enables poly-ADP-D-ribose binding activity and ubiquitin-protein transferase activity. Involved in positive regulation of canonical Wnt signaling pathway; protein ubiquitination; and ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process. Located in cytosol; nucleoplasm; and plasma membrane. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

ring finger protein (C3H2C3 type) 6 pseudogene 1

ring-box 1, E3 ubiquitin protein ligase

This locus encodes a RING finger-like domain-containing protein. The encoded protein interacts with cullin proteins and likely plays a role in ubiquitination processes necessary for cell cycle progression. This protein may also affect protein turnover. Related pseudogenes exist on chromosomes 2 and 5.[provided by RefSeq, Sep 2010]

ring finger protein 126 pseudogene 1

BMI1 proto-oncogene, polycomb ring finger pseudogene 1

ZFP36 ring finger protein

Enables several functions, including 14-3-3 protein binding activity; heat shock protein binding activity; and mRNA 3'-UTR AU-rich region binding activity. Involved in several processes, including cellular response to cytokine stimulus; cellular response to epidermal growth factor stimulus; and regulation of gene expression. Acts upstream of or within mRNA catabolic process. Located in cytoplasmic ribonucleoprotein granule; cytosol; and nucleus. Part of ribonucleoprotein complex. Biomarker of breast cancer. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

ring finger protein 14 pseudogene

ring finger protein 138, E3 ubiquitin protein ligase pseudogene 2

ring finger protein 38

This gene encodes a protein with a coiled-coil motif and a RING-H2 motif (C3H2C2) at its carboxy-terminus. The RING motif is a zinc-binding domain found in a large set of proteins playing roles in diverse cellular processes including oncogenesis, development, signal transduction, and apoptosis. Multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Dec 2008]

ring finger protein 39

This gene lies within the major histocompatibility complex class I region on chromosome 6. Studies of a similar rat protein suggest that this gene encodes a protein that plays a role in an early phase of synaptic plasticity. Multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

ring finger protein 34, E3 ubiquitin protein ligase

The protein encoded by this gene contains a RINF finger, a motif known to be involved in protein-protein and protein-DNA interactions. This protein interacts with DNAJA3/hTid-1, which is a DnaJ protein reported to function as a modulator of apoptosis. Overexpression of this gene in Hela cells was shown to confer the resistance to TNF-alpha induced apoptosis, suggesting an anti-apoptotic function of this protein. This protein can be cleaved by caspase-3 during the induction of apoptosis. This protein also targets p53 and phospho-p53 for degradation. Alternatively splicing results in multiple transcript variants encoding distinct isoforms. [provided by RefSeq, Feb 2012]

ring finger protein 32

The protein encoded by this gene contains two RING ring finger motifs. RING finger motifs are present in a variety of functionally distinct proteins and are known to be involved in protein-DNA or protein-protein interactions. This gene was found to be expressed during spermatogenesis, most likely in spermatocytes and/or in spermatids. Alternative splicing of this gene results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Apr 2015]

ring finger protein 31

The protein encoded by this gene contains a RING finger, a motif present in a variety of functionally distinct proteins and known to be involved in protein-DNA and protein-protein interactions. The encoded protein is the E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase component of the linear ubiquitin chain assembly complex. Two transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2015]

ring finger protein 114

Predicted to enable ubiquitin protein ligase activity. Predicted to be involved in protein polyubiquitination and ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process. Located in cytosol and plasma membrane. Biomarker of male infertility. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

ring finger protein 130

The protein encoded by this gene contains a RING finger motif and is similar to g1, a Drosophila zinc-finger protein that is expressed in mesoderm and involved in embryonic development. The expression of the mouse counterpart was found to be upregulated in myeloblastic cells following IL3 deprivation, suggesting that this gene may regulate growth factor withdrawal-induced apoptosis of myeloid precursor cells. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2013]

ring finger protein 133

The protein encoded by this gene contains a RING finger domain, a motif present in a variety of functionally distinct proteins and known to be involved in protein-protein and protein-DNA interactions. This gene has no intron. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

ring finger protein 135

The protein encoded by this gene contains a RING finger domain, a motif present in a variety of functionally distinct proteins and known to be involved in protein-protein and protein-DNA interactions. This gene is located in a chromosomal region known to be frequently deleted in patients with neurofibromatosis. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding distinct isoforms have been reported. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

ring finger protein 138, E3 ubiquitin protein ligase

The protein encoded by this gene contains a RING finger, a motif present in a variety of functionally distinct proteins and known to be involved in protein-DNA and protein-protein interactions. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding distinct isoforms have been observed. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

ring finger protein 139

The protein encoded by this gene is a multi-membrane spanning protein containing a RING-H2 finger. This protein is located in the endoplasmic reticulum, and has been shown to possess ubiquitin ligase activity. This gene was found to be interrupted by a t(3:8) translocation in a family with hereditary renal and non-medulary thyroid cancer. Studies of the Drosophila counterpart suggested that this protein may interact with tumor suppressor protein VHL, as well as with COPS5/JAB1, a protein responsible for the degradation of tumor suppressor CDKN1B/P27KIP. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

ring finger protein 7 pseudogene 1

ZFP36 ring finger protein-like 1

This gene is a member of the TIS11 family of early response genes, which are induced by various agonists such as the phorbol ester TPA and the polypeptide mitogen EGF. This gene is well conserved across species and has a promoter that contains motifs seen in other early-response genes. The encoded protein contains a distinguishing putative zinc finger domain with a repeating cys-his motif. This putative nuclear transcription factor most likely functions in regulating the response to growth factors. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Sep 2011]

ZFP36 ring finger protein-like 2

This gene is a member of the TIS11 family of early response genes. Family members are induced by various agonists such as the phorbol ester TPA and the polypeptide mitogen EGF. The encoded protein contains a distinguishing putative zinc finger domain with a repeating cys-his motif. This putative nuclear transcription factor most likely functions in regulating the response to growth factors. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

LON peptidase N-terminal domain and ring finger 2 pseudogene 2

LON peptidase N-terminal domain and ring finger 2 pseudogene 1

ring finger protein 8, E3 ubiquitin protein ligase

The protein encoded by this gene contains a RING finger motif and an FHA domain. This protein has been shown to interact with several class II ubiquitin-conjugating enzymes (E2), including UBE2E1/UBCH6, UBE2E2, and UBE2E3, and may act as an ubiquitin ligase (E3) in the ubiquitination of certain nuclear proteins. This protein is also known to play a role in the DNA damage response and depletion of this protein causes cell growth inhibition and cell cycle arrest. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Feb 2012]

ring finger protein (C3H2C3 type) 6

The protein encoded by this gene contains a RING-H2 finger motif. Deletions and mutations in this gene were detected in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC), suggesting that this protein may be a potential tumor suppressor. Studies of the mouse counterpart suggested a role of this protein in the transcription regulation that controls germinal differentiation. Multiple alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding the same protein are observed. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

ring finger protein 7

The protein encoded by this gene is a highly conserved ring finger protein. It is an essential subunit of SKP1-cullin/CDC53-F box protein ubiquitin ligases, which are a part of the protein degradation machinery important for cell cycle progression and signal transduction. This protein interacts with, and is a substrate of, casein kinase II (CSNK2A1/CKII). The phosphorylation of this protein by CSNK2A1 has been shown to promote the degradation of IkappaBalpha (CHUK/IKK-alpha/IKBKA) and p27Kip1(CDKN1B). Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding distinct isoforms have been reported. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

ring finger protein 4

The protein encoded by this gene contains a RING finger motif and acts as a transcription regulator. This protein has been shown to interact with, and inhibit the activity of, TRPS1, a transcription suppressor of GATA-mediated transcription. Transcription repressor ZNF278/PATZ is found to interact with this protein, and thus reduce the enhancement of androgen receptor-dependent transcription mediated by this protein. Studies of the mouse and rat counterparts suggested a role of this protein in spermatogenesis. A pseudogene of this gene is found on chromosome 1.[provided by RefSeq, Jul 2010]

ring finger protein 5, E3 ubiquitin protein ligase

The protein encoded by this gene contains a RING finger, which is a motif known to be involved in protein-protein interactions. This protein is a membrane-bound ubiquitin ligase. It can regulate cell motility by targeting paxillin ubiquitination and altering the distribution and localization of paxillin in cytoplasm and cell focal adhesions. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

ring finger protein 2

Polycomb group (PcG) of proteins form the multiprotein complexes that are important for the transcription repression of various genes involved in development and cell proliferation. The protein encoded by this gene is one of the PcG proteins. It has been shown to interact with, and suppress the activity of, transcription factor CP2 (TFCP2/CP2). Studies of the mouse counterpart suggested the involvement of this gene in the specification of anterior-posterior axis, as well as in cell proliferation in early development. This protein was also found to interact with huntingtin interacting protein 2 (HIP2), an ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme, and possess ubiquitin ligase activity. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

ring-box 1, E3 ubiquitin protein ligase pseudogene

LON peptidase N-terminal domain and ring finger 3

The protein encoded by this gene contains a RING finger domain, a motif present in a variety of functionally distinct proteins and known to be involved in protein-protein and protein-DNA interactions. Multiple alternatively spliced transcript variants have been suggested, but their full length natures are not clear. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

LON peptidase N-terminal domain and ring finger 2

Predicted to enable ubiquitin protein ligase activity. Predicted to be located in cytoplasm. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

LON peptidase N-terminal domain and ring finger 1

Predicted to enable ubiquitin protein ligase activity. Predicted to be located in cytosol. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

ring finger protein 5, E3 ubiquitin protein ligase pseudogene 1

polycomb group ring finger 1

PCGF1 is a mammalian homolog of the Drosophila polycomb group genes, which act as transcriptional repressors to regulate anterior-posterior patterning in early embryonic development (Nunes et al., 2001 [PubMed 11287196]). See also PCGF2 (MIM 600346).[supplied by OMIM, Aug 2008]

polycomb group ring finger 3

The protein encoded by this gene contains a C3HC4 type RING finger, which is a motif known to be involved in protein-protein interactions. The specific function of this protein has not yet been determined. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

polycomb group ring finger 2

The protein encoded by this gene contains a RING finger motif and is similar to the polycomb group (PcG) gene products. PcG gene products form complexes via protein-protein interaction and maintain the transcription repression of genes involved in embryogenesis, cell cycles, and tumorigenesis. This protein was shown to act as a negative regulator of transcription and has tumor suppressor activity. The expression of this gene was detected in various tumor cells, but is limited in neural organs in normal tissues. Knockout studies in mice suggested that this protein may negatively regulate the expression of different cytokines, chemokines, and chemokine receptors, and thus plays an important role in lymphocyte differentiation and migration, as well as in immune responses. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

polycomb group ring finger 5

Predicted to enable histone H2AK119 ubiquitin ligase activity. Acts upstream of or within positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II. Located in Golgi apparatus; centrosome; and nucleoplasm. Part of PcG protein complex. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

polycomb group ring finger 6

The protein encoded by this gene contains a RING finger motif, which is most closely related to those of polycomb group (PcG) proteins RNF110/MEL-18 and BMI1. PcG proteins are known to form protein complexes and function as transcription repressors. This protein has been shown to interact with some PcG proteins and act as a transcription repressor. The activity of this protein is found to be regulated by cell cycle dependent phosphorylation. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been identified. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

makorin ring finger protein 1 pseudogene

SH3 domain containing ring finger 2

Enables protein phosphatase 1 binding activity and ubiquitin protein ligase activity. Involved in several processes, including positive regulation of JNK cascade; protein autoubiquitination; and regulation of protein metabolic process. Located in nucleoplasm. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

SH3 domain containing ring finger 3

Enables ubiquitin protein ligase activity. Involved in positive regulation of JNK cascade and protein autoubiquitination. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

SH3 domain containing ring finger 1

This gene encodes a protein containing an N-terminus RING-finger, four SH3 domains, and a region implicated in binding of the Rho GTPase Rac. Via the RING-finger, the encoded protein has been shown to function as an ubiquitin-protein ligase involved in protein sorting at the trans-Golgi network. The encoded protein may also act as a scaffold for the c-Jun N-terminal kinase signaling pathway, facilitating the formation of a functional signaling module. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

ring finger protein 14 pseudogene

ring finger protein 181 pseudogene

praja ring finger 1, E3 ubiquitin protein ligase

This gene encodes an enzyme that has E2-dependent E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase activity. This enzyme belongs to a class of ubiquitin ligases that include a RING finger motif, and it can interact with the E2 ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme UbcH5B. This gene is located in an area of chromosome X where several X-linked cognitive disability disorders have been associated, and it has also been found as part of a contiguous gene deletion associated with craniofrontonasal syndrome, though a direct link to any disorder has yet to be demonstrated. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, May 2010]

praja ring finger 2, E3 ubiquitin protein ligase

Enables protein kinase A catalytic subunit binding activity; protein kinase A regulatory subunit binding activity; and ubiquitin protein ligase activity. Involved in several processes, including proteasome-mediated ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process; regulation of macrophage activation; and regulation of signal transduction. Located in cytoplasm; cytoskeleton; and plasma membrane. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

ring finger protein 44

The protein encoded by this gene contains a RING finger, a motif present in a variety of functionally distinct proteins and known to be involved in protein-protein and protein-DNA interactions. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

ring finger protein 43

The protein encoded by this gene is a RING-type E3 ubiquitin ligase and is predicted to contain a transmembrane domain, a protease-associated domain, an ectodomain, and a cytoplasmic RING domain. This protein is thought to negatively regulate Wnt signaling, and expression of this gene results in an increase in ubiquitination of frizzled receptors, an alteration in their subcellular distribution, resulting in reduced surface levels of these receptors. Mutations in this gene have been reported in multiple tumor cells, including colorectal and endometrial cancers. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms. [provided by RefSeq, Mar 2015]

ring finger protein 41, E3 ubiquitin protein ligase

This gene encodes an E3 ubiquitin ligase. The encoded protein plays a role in type 1 cytokine receptor signaling by controlling the balance between JAK2-associated cytokine receptor degradation and ectodomain shedding. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Jun 2011]

membrane-associated ring finger (C3HC4) 5

MARCH5 is a ubiquitin ligase of the mitochondrial outer membrane that plays a role in the control of mitochondrial morphology by regulating mitofusin-2 (MFN2; MIM 608507) and DRP1 (DNM1L; MIM 603850) (Nakamura et al., 2006 [PubMed 16936636]).[supplied by OMIM, Mar 2008]

membrane-associated ring finger (C3HC4) 4, E3 ubiquitin protein ligase

MARCH4 is a member of the MARCH family of membrane-bound E3 ubiquitin ligases (EC 6.3.2.19). MARCH enzymes add ubiquitin (see MIM 191339) to target lysines in substrate proteins, thereby signaling their vesicular transport between membrane compartments. MARCH4 reduces surface accumulation of several membrane glycoproteins by directing them to the endosomal compartment (Bartee et al., 2004 [PubMed 14722266]).[supplied by OMIM, Apr 2010]

membrane-associated ring finger (C3HC4) 7, E3 ubiquitin protein ligase

MARCH7 is a member of the MARCH family of membrane-bound E3 ubiquitin ligases (EC 6.3.2.19). MARCH proteins add ubiquitin (see MIM 191339) to target lysines in substrate proteins, thereby signaling their vesicular transport between membrane compartments (Bartee et al., 2004 [PubMed 14722266]).[supplied by OMIM, Mar 2010]

membrane-associated ring finger (C3HC4) 6, E3 ubiquitin protein ligase

This gene encodes a member of a family of membrane-associated E3 ubiquitin ligases containing RING-CH-type zinc finger motifs. Ubiquitination of type II deiodinase by the encoded protein is an important regulatory step in thyroid hormone signalling. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding multiple isoforms have been observed for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2012]

membrane-associated ring finger (C3HC4) 1, E3 ubiquitin protein ligase

MARCH1 is a member of the MARCH family of membrane-bound E3 ubiquitin ligases (EC 6.3.2.19). MARCH proteins add ubiquitin (see MIM 191339) to target lysines in substrate proteins, thereby signaling their vesicular transport between membrane compartments. MARCH1 downregulates the surface expression of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II molecules (see MIM 142880) and other glycoproteins by directing them to the late endosomal/lysosomal compartment (Bartee et al., 2004 [PubMed 14722266]; Thibodeau et al., 2008 [PubMed 18389477]; De Gassart et al., 2008 [PubMed 18305173]).[supplied by OMIM, Mar 2010]

membrane-associated ring finger (C3HC4) 3, E3 ubiquitin protein ligase

This gene encodes a member of the membrane-associated RING-CH (MARCH) family. The encoded protein is an E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase that may be involved in regulation of the endosomal transport pathway. [provided by RefSeq, Mar 2013]

membrane-associated ring finger (C3HC4) 2, E3 ubiquitin protein ligase

MARCH2 is a member of the MARCH family of membrane-bound E3 ubiquitin ligases (EC 6.3.2.19). MARCH enzymes add ubiquitin (see MIM 191339) to target lysines in substrate proteins, thereby signaling their vesicular transport between membrane compartments. MARCH2 reduces surface accumulation of several glycoproteins and appears to regulate early endosome-to-trans-Golgi network (TGN) trafficking (Bartee et al., 2004 [PubMed 14722266]; Nakamura et al., 2005 [PubMed 15689499]).[supplied by OMIM, Mar 2010]

membrane-associated ring finger (C3HC4) 9

MARCH9 is a member of the MARCH family of membrane-bound E3 ubiquitin ligases (EC 6.3.2.19). MARCH enzymes add ubiquitin (see MIM 191339) to target lysines in substrate proteins, thereby signaling their vesicular transport between membrane compartments. MARCH9 induces internalization of several membrane glycoproteins and directs them to the endosomal compartment (Bartee et al., 2004 [PubMed 14722266]; Hoer et al., 2007 [PubMed 17174307]).[supplied by OMIM, Apr 2010]

membrane-associated ring finger (C3HC4) 8, E3 ubiquitin protein ligase

MARCH8 is a member of the MARCH family of membrane-bound E3 ubiquitin ligases (EC 6.3.2.19). MARCH enzymes add ubiquitin (see MIM 191339) to target lysines in substrate proteins, thereby signaling their vesicular transport between membrane compartments. MARCH8 induces the internalization of several membrane glycoproteins (Goto et al., 2003 [PubMed 12582153]; Bartee et al., 2004 [PubMed 14722266]).[supplied by OMIM, Apr 2010]

ring finger and CHY zinc finger domain containing 1, E3 ubiquitin protein ligase

The protein encoded by this gene has ubiquitin ligase activity. It mediates E3-dependent ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation of target proteins, including tumor protein 53, histone deacetylase 1, and cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1B, thus regulating their levels and cell cycle progression. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been described for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Jun 2013]

ring finger protein 167

RNF167 is an E3 ubiquitin ligase that interacts with TSSC5 (SLC22A18; MIM 602631) and, together with UBCH6 (UBE2E1; MIM 602916), facilitates TSSC5 polyubiquitylation (Yamada and Gorbsky, 2006 [PubMed 16314844]).[supplied by OMIM, Mar 2008]

ring finger protein 166

Predicted to enable ubiquitin protein ligase activity. Predicted to be involved in protein polyubiquitination and ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process. Predicted to be located in cytoplasm. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

ring finger protein 165

Predicted to enable ubiquitin protein ligase activity. Predicted to be involved in motor neuron axon guidance and positive regulation of BMP signaling pathway. Predicted to act upstream of or within several processes, including forelimb morphogenesis; nervous system development; and protein polyubiquitination. Predicted to be part of protein-containing complex. Predicted to be active in nucleus. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

ring finger protein 169

Enables K63-linked polyubiquitin modification-dependent protein binding activity; nucleosome binding activity; and ubiquitin-modified histone reader activity. Involved in double-strand break repair via homologous recombination and negative regulation of double-strand break repair. Located in cytosol; nuclear lumen; and site of double-strand break. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

ring finger protein 168, E3 ubiquitin protein ligase

This gene encodes an E3 ubiquitin ligase protein that contains a RING finger, a motif present in a variety of functionally distinct proteins and known to be involved in protein-DNA and protein-protein interactions. The protein is involved in DNA double-strand break (DSB) repair. Mutations in this gene result in Riddle syndrome. [provided by RefSeq, Sep 2011]

ubiquitin-like, containing PHD and RING finger domains, 1 pseudogene

polycomb group ring finger 7 pseudogene

makorin ring finger protein 7, pseudogene

RING-box protein 2-like

ring finger protein 219

Enables chromatin binding activity and ubiquitin-protein transferase activity. Involved in protein autoubiquitination; protein monoubiquitination; and regulation of DNA replication. Located in chromatin. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

ring finger protein 215

Predicted to enable ubiquitin protein ligase activity. Predicted to be involved in ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process. Predicted to be located in membrane. Predicted to be active in cytoplasm. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

ring finger protein 214

Predicted to enable ubiquitin-protein transferase activity. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

ring finger protein 217

This protein encoded by this gene is a member of the RING1-IBR-RING24 (RBR) ubiquitin protein ligase family, and it belongs to a subfamily of these proteins that contain a transmembrane domain. This protein can interact with the HAX1 anti-apoptotic protein via its C-terminal RING finger motif, which suggests a role in apoptosis signaling. It is thought that deregulation of this gene can be a mechanism in leukemogenesis. Mutations in the region encoding the protein GXXXG motif, which appears to be necessary for protein self-association, have been found in human cancers. Alternative splicing of this gene results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Apr 2016]

ring finger protein 216

This gene encodes a cytoplasmic protein which specifically colocalizes and interacts with the serine/threonine protein kinase, receptor-interacting protein (RIP). Zinc finger domains of the encoded protein are required for its interaction with RIP and for inhibition of TNF- and IL1-induced NF-kappa B activation pathways. The encoded protein may also function as an E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase which accepts ubiquitin from E2 ubiquitin-conjugating enzymes and transfers it to substrates. Several alternatively spliced transcript variants have been described for this locus but the full-length natures of only some are known. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

ring finger protein 213

This gene encodes a protein containing a C3HC4-type RING finger domain, which is a specialized type of Zn-finger that binds two atoms of zinc and is thought to be involved in mediating protein-protein interactions. The protein also contains an AAA domain, which is associated with ATPase activity. This gene is a susceptibility gene for Moyamoya disease, a vascular disorder of intracranial arteries. This gene is also a translocation partner in anaplastic large cell lymphoma and inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor cases, where a t(2;17)(p23;q25) translocation has been identified with the anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) gene on chromosome 2, and a t(8;17)(q24;q25) translocation has been identified with the MYC gene on chromosome 8. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Dec 2011]

ring finger protein 212

This gene encodes a RING finger protein that may function as a ubiquitin ligase. The encoded protein may be involved in meiotic recombination. This gene is located within a linkage disequilibrium block and polymorphisms in this gene may influence recombination rates. Alternate splicing results in multiple transcript variants.[provided by RefSeq, Oct 2010]

ring finger protein 14 pseudogene

ring finger protein 14 pseudogene

ring finger protein 14

The protein encoded by this gene contains a RING zinc finger, a motif known to be involved in protein-protein interactions. This protein interacts with androgen receptor (AR) and may function as a coactivator that induces AR target gene expression in prostate. A dominant negative mutant of this gene has been demonstrated to inhibit the AR-mediated growth of prostate cancer. This protein also interacts with class III ubiquitin-conjugating enzymes (E2s) and may act as a ubiquitin-ligase (E3) in the ubiquitination of certain nuclear proteins. Six alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding two distinct isoforms have been reported. [provided by RefSeq, Jan 2011]

ring finger protein 17

This gene is similar to a mouse gene that encodes a testis-specific protein containing a RING finger domain. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found. [provided by RefSeq, May 2010]

ring finger protein 10

The protein encoded by this gene contains a ring finger motif, which is known to be involved in protein-protein interactions. The specific function of this protein has not yet been determined. EST data suggests the existence of multiple alternatively spliced transcript variants, however, their full length nature is not known. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

ring finger protein 11

The protein encoded by this gene contains a RING-H2 finger motif, which is known to be important for protein-protein interactions. The expression of this gene has been shown to be induced by mutant RET proteins (MEN2A/MEN2B). The germline mutations in RET gene are known to be responsible for the development of multiple endocrine neoplasia (MEN). [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

ring finger protein 13

The protein encoded by this gene contains a RING zinc finger, a motif known to be involved in protein-protein interactions. The specific function of this gene has not yet been determined. Alternatively spliced transcript variants that encode the same protein have been reported. A pseudogene, which is also located on chromosome 3, has been defined for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

PHD and ring finger domains 1

Predicted to enable RNA polymerase binding activity. Predicted to be involved in protein ubiquitination. Located in membrane. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

ring finger protein 152

Enables small GTPase binding activity and ubiquitin protein ligase activity. Involved in several processes, including cellular response to amino acid starvation; negative regulation of TORC1 signaling; and protein ubiquitination. Located in lysosomal membrane. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

ring finger protein 150

Predicted to enable ubiquitin protein ligase activity. Predicted to be involved in ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process. Predicted to be located in membrane. Predicted to be active in cytoplasm. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

ring finger protein 151

Predicted to enable ubiquitin protein ligase activity. Predicted to be involved in protein ubiquitination. Predicted to be located in cytoplasm and nucleus. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

ring finger protein 157

Predicted to enable ubiquitin protein ligase activity. Predicted to be involved in negative regulation of apoptotic process; positive regulation of dendrite extension; and protein ubiquitination. Predicted to be located in cell body. Predicted to be active in cytoplasm. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

ring finger and CCCH-type domains 1

This gene encodes a protein containing RING-type and C3H1-type zinc finger motifs. The encoded protein recognizes and binds to a constitutive decay element (CDE) in the 3' UTR of mRNAs, leading to mRNA deadenylation and degradation. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2014]

ring finger and CCCH-type domains 2

Enables nucleic acid binding activity and ubiquitin protein ligase activity. Involved in protein polyubiquitination. Located in cell surface; intracellular membrane-bounded organelle; and membrane. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

makorin ring finger protein 4, pseudogene

Predicted to enable ubiquitin protein ligase activity. Predicted to be involved in protein ubiquitination. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

ring finger protein 40, E3 ubiquitin protein ligase

The protein encoded by this gene contains a RING finger, a motif known to be involved in protein-protein and protein-DNA interactions. This protein was reported to interact with the tumor suppressor protein RB1. Studies of the rat counterpart suggested that this protein may function as an E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase, and facilitate the ubiquitination and degradation of syntaxin 1, which is an essential component of the neurotransmitter release machinery. Multiple alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, May 2011]

makorin ring finger protein 5, pseudogene

ring finger protein 212B

Predicted to enable SUMO transferase activity and ubiquitin protein ligase activity. Predicted to be involved in chiasma assembly and protein ubiquitination. Predicted to be located in chromosome. Predicted to be active in synaptonemal complex. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

LON peptidase N-terminal domain and ring finger 2 pseudogene

ring finger protein 10 pseudogene 1

BMI1 proto-oncogene, polycomb ring finger

This gene encodes a ring finger protein that is major component of the polycomb group complex 1 (PRC1). This complex functions through chromatin remodeling as an essential epigenetic repressor of multiple regulatory genes involved in embryonic development and self-renewal in somatic stem cells. This protein also plays a central role in DNA damage repair. This gene is an oncogene and aberrant expression is associated with numerous cancers and is associated with resistance to certain chemotherapies. A pseudogene of this gene is found on chromosome X. Read-through transcription also exists between this gene and the upstream COMM domain containing 3 (COMMD3) gene. [provided by RefSeq, Sep 2015]

ring finger protein, LIM domain interacting pseudogene 2

ring finger protein, LIM domain interacting pseudogene 3

ring finger protein, LIM domain interacting pseudogene 1

ring finger protein 113B

Predicted to enable metal ion binding activity. Predicted to be involved in snoRNA splicing. Predicted to be part of U2-type spliceosomal complex. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

ring finger protein 113A

This intronless gene encodes a protein which contains a C3H1-type zinc finger domain and a C3HC4 Ring-type (Really Interesting New Gene-type) zinc finger domain. The Ring-type zinc finger domain is identified in various tumor suppressors, DNA repair genes and cytokine receptor-associated molecules, and is probably involved in mediating protein-protein interactions. [provided by RefSeq, May 2010]

ring finger and WD repeat domain 2, E3 ubiquitin protein ligase

Enables ubiquitin protein ligase activity. Involved in positive regulation of proteasomal ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process; proteasome-mediated ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process; and response to ionizing radiation. Part of Cul4A-RING E3 ubiquitin ligase complex. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

ring finger and WD repeat domain 3

Enables MDM2/MDM4 family protein binding activity; p53 binding activity; and ubiquitin protein ligase activity. Involved in several processes, including DNA metabolic process; regulation of cell cycle phase transition; and response to ionizing radiation. Located in nucleoplasm and site of double-strand break. Implicated in Fanconi anemia complementation group W. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

ring finger protein 25

The protein encoded by this gene contains a RING finger motif. The mouse counterpart of this protein has been shown to interact with Rela, the p65 subunit of NF-kappaB (NFKB), and modulate NFKB-mediated transcription activity. The mouse protein also binds ubiquitin-conjugating enzymes (E2s) and is a substrate for E2-dependent ubiquitination. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

ring finger protein 24

This gene encodes an integral membrane protein that contains a RING-type zinc finger. The encoded protein may interact with multiple transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily C (TRPC) proteins and regulate the trafficking and insertion of these proteins into the plasma membrane. [provided by RefSeq, Mar 2016]

ring finger protein 26

The protein encoded by this intronless gene contains a C3HC5 type of RING finger, a motif known to be involved in protein-DNA and protein-protein interactions. The expression of this gene was found to be upregulated in cancer cell lines derived from different types of cancer. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

ring finger protein 20, E3 ubiquitin protein ligase

The protein encoded by this gene shares similarity with BRE1 of S. cerevisiae. The protein encoded by this human gene is an E3 ubiquitin ligase that regulates chromosome structure by monoubiquitinating histone H2B. This protein acts as a putative tumor suppressor and positively regulates the p53 tumor suppressor as well as numerous histone H2A and H2B genes. In contrast, this protein also suppresses the expression of several protooncogenes and growth-related genes, including many genes that are induced by epidermal growth factor. This gene selectively suppresses the expression of some genes by interfering with chromatin recruitment of transcription elongation factor SII (TFIIS). [provided by RefSeq, Feb 2012]

ring finger protein 103

The protein encoded by this gene contains a RING-H2 finger, a motif known to be involved in protein-protein and protein-DNA interactions. This gene is highly expressed in normal cerebellum, but not in the cerebral cortex. The expression of the rat counterpart in the frontal cortex and hippocampus was shown to be induced by elctroconvulsive treatment (ECT) as well as chronic antidepressant treatment, suggesting that this gene may be a molecular target for ECT and antidepressants. The protein is a ubiquitin ligase that functions in the endoplasmic reticulum-associated degradation pathway. Alternative splicing of this gene results in multiple transcript variants. Read-through transcription also exists between this gene and the downstream CHMP3 (charged multivesicular body protein 3) gene. [provided by RefSeq, Oct 2011]

ring finger protein 1

This gene belongs to the RING finger family, members of which encode proteins characterized by a RING domain, a zinc-binding motif related to the zinc finger domain. The gene product can bind DNA and can act as a transcriptional repressor. It is associated with the multimeric polycomb group protein complex. The gene product interacts with the polycomb group proteins BMI1, EDR1, and CBX4, and colocalizes with these proteins in large nuclear domains. It interacts with the CBX4 protein via its glycine-rich C-terminal domain. The gene maps to the HLA class II region, where it is contiguous with the RING finger genes FABGL and HKE4. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

ring finger protein 144A

This gene encodes a member of a family of RING finger domain-containing E3 ubiquitin ligases that also includes parkin and parc. The expression of this gene is induced by DNA damage. The encoded protein interacts with the cytoplasmic DNA-dependent protein kinase, catalytic subunit (DNA-PKcs) and promotes its degradation through ubiquitination. The orthologous mouse protein has been shown to interact with a ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme involved in embryonic development. [provided by RefSeq, Mar 2017]

ring finger protein 145 pseudogene

ring finger protein 185

Enables ubiquitin binding activity; ubiquitin protein ligase activity; and ubiquitin-like protein conjugating enzyme binding activity. Involved in several processes, including positive regulation of ERAD pathway; protein ubiquitination; and proteolysis involved in protein catabolic process. Located in endoplasmic reticulum. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

ring finger protein 187

Enables ubiquitin-protein transferase activity. Involved in positive regulation of DNA-templated transcription; proteasome-mediated ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process; and protein ubiquitination. Located in cytosol and nucleoplasm. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

ring finger protein 186

Enables ubiquitin protein ligase activity and ubiquitin protein ligase binding activity. Involved in several processes, including intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in response to endoplasmic reticulum stress; proteasome-mediated ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process; and protein ubiquitination. Acts upstream of with a positive effect on regulation of autophagosome assembly. Located in endoplasmic reticulum membrane. Is active in endoplasmic reticulum. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

ring finger protein 181

RNF181 binds the integrin alpha-IIb (ITGA2B; MIM 607759)/beta-3 (ITGB3; MIM 173470) complex and has E3 ubiquitin ligase activity (Brophy et al., 2008 [PubMed 18331836]).[supplied by OMIM, Dec 2008]

ring finger protein 180

Predicted to enable ubiquitin conjugating enzyme binding activity and ubiquitin protein ligase activity. Predicted to be involved in norepinephrine metabolic process; positive regulation of proteasomal ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process; and serotonin metabolic process. Predicted to act upstream of or within several processes, including adult behavior; positive regulation of protein ubiquitination; and protein polyubiquitination. Predicted to be located in endoplasmic reticulum; membrane; and nuclear envelope. Predicted to be active in endoplasmic reticulum membrane. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

ring finger protein 183

Enables ubiquitin protein ligase activity. Involved in positive regulation of endoplasmic reticulum stress-induced intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway; protein ubiquitination; and response to endoplasmic reticulum stress. Located in endoplasmic reticulum membrane. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

ring finger protein 182

Enables ubiquitin-protein transferase activity. Involved in protein ubiquitination. Located in cytoplasm. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

ubiquitin-like with PHD and ring finger domains 2 pseudogene 1

SNF2 histone linker PHD RING helicase, E3 ubiquitin protein ligase

SHPRH is a ubiquitously expressed protein that contains motifs characteristics of several DNA repair proteins, transcription factors, and helicases. SHPRH is a functional homolog of S. cerevisiae RAD5 (Unk et al., 2006 [PubMed 17108083]).[supplied by OMIM, Mar 2008]

ring-box 1, E3 ubiquitin protein ligase pseudogene

ring finger protein 152 pseudogene 1

ring finger protein 2 pseudogene 1

ring finger protein, LIM domain interacting

The protein encoded by this gene is a RING-H2 zinc finger protein. It has been shown to be an E3 ubiquitin protein ligase that targets LIM domain binding 1 (LDB1/CLIM), and causes proteasome-dependent degradation of LDB1. This protein and LDB1 are co-repressors of LHX1/LIM-1, a homeodomain transcription factor. Multiple alternatively spliced variants, encoding the same protein, have been identified. [provided by RefSeq, Feb 2009]

ring finger protein 144B

Enables ubiquitin-protein transferase activity. Involved in negative regulation of apoptotic process and ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process. Located in mitochondrial membrane. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

makorin ring finger protein 9, pseudogene

zinc and ring finger 2 pseudogene 1

zinc and ring finger 2 pseudogene 3

zinc and ring finger 2 pseudogene 2

membrane associated ring-CH-type finger 1

MARCH1 is a member of the MARCH family of membrane-bound E3 ubiquitin ligases (EC 6.3.2.19). MARCH proteins add ubiquitin (see MIM 191339) to target lysines in substrate proteins, thereby signaling their vesicular transport between membrane compartments. MARCH1 downregulates the surface expression of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II molecules (see MIM 142880) and other glycoproteins by directing them to the late endosomal/lysosomal compartment (Bartee et al., 2004 [PubMed 14722266]; Thibodeau et al., 2008 [PubMed 18389477]; De Gassart et al., 2008 [PubMed 18305173]).[supplied by OMIM, Mar 2010]

membrane associated ring-CH-type finger 7

MARCH7 is a member of the MARCH family of membrane-bound E3 ubiquitin ligases (EC 6.3.2.19). MARCH proteins add ubiquitin (see MIM 191339) to target lysines in substrate proteins, thereby signaling their vesicular transport between membrane compartments (Bartee et al., 2004 [PubMed 14722266]).[supplied by OMIM, Mar 2010]

membrane associated ring-CH-type finger 6

This gene encodes a member of a family of membrane-associated E3 ubiquitin ligases containing RING-CH-type zinc finger motifs. Ubiquitination of type II deiodinase by the encoded protein is an important regulatory step in thyroid hormone signalling. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding multiple isoforms have been observed for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2012]

membrane associated ring-CH-type finger 5

MARCH5 is a ubiquitin ligase of the mitochondrial outer membrane that plays a role in the control of mitochondrial morphology by regulating mitofusin-2 (MFN2; MIM 608507) and DRP1 (DNM1L; MIM 603850) (Nakamura et al., 2006 [PubMed 16936636]).[supplied by OMIM, Mar 2008]

ring finger protein-like

membrane associated ring-CH-type finger 3

This gene encodes a member of the membrane-associated RING-CH (MARCH) family. The encoded protein is an E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase that may be involved in regulation of the endosomal transport pathway. [provided by RefSeq, Mar 2013]

membrane associated ring-CH-type finger 8

MARCH8 is a member of the MARCH family of membrane-bound E3 ubiquitin ligases (EC 6.3.2.19). MARCH enzymes add ubiquitin (see MIM 191339) to target lysines in substrate proteins, thereby signaling their vesicular transport between membrane compartments. MARCH8 induces the internalization of several membrane glycoproteins (Goto et al., 2003 [PubMed 12582153]; Bartee et al., 2004 [PubMed 14722266]).[supplied by OMIM, Apr 2010]

membrane associated ring-CH-type finger 2

MARCH2 is a member of the MARCH family of membrane-bound E3 ubiquitin ligases (EC 6.3.2.19). MARCH enzymes add ubiquitin (see MIM 191339) to target lysines in substrate proteins, thereby signaling their vesicular transport between membrane compartments. MARCH2 reduces surface accumulation of several glycoproteins and appears to regulate early endosome-to-trans-Golgi network (TGN) trafficking (Bartee et al., 2004 [PubMed 14722266]; Nakamura et al., 2005 [PubMed 15689499]).[supplied by OMIM, Mar 2010]

membrane associated ring-CH-type finger 10

MARCH10 is a member of the MARCH family of membrane-bound E3 ubiquitin ligases (EC 6.3.2.19). MARCH enzymes add ubiquitin (see MIM 191339) to target lysines in substrate proteins, thereby signaling their vesicular transport between membrane compartments (Morokuma et al., 2007 [PubMed 17604280]).[supplied by OMIM, Apr 2010]

ring finger protein 227

Predicted to enable ubiquitin protein ligase activity. Predicted to be involved in protein ubiquitination. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

membrane associated ring-CH-type finger 9

MARCH9 is a member of the MARCH family of membrane-bound E3 ubiquitin ligases (EC 6.3.2.19). MARCH enzymes add ubiquitin (see MIM 191339) to target lysines in substrate proteins, thereby signaling their vesicular transport between membrane compartments. MARCH9 induces internalization of several membrane glycoproteins and directs them to the endosomal compartment (Bartee et al., 2004 [PubMed 14722266]; Hoer et al., 2007 [PubMed 17174307]).[supplied by OMIM, Apr 2010]

membrane associated ring-CH-type finger 11

MARCH11 is a member of the MARCH family of membrane-bound E3 ubiquitin ligases (EC 6.3.2.19). These enzymes add ubiquitin (see MIM 191339) to target lysines in substrate proteins, thereby signaling their intracellular transport. March11 appears to have a role in ubiquitin-mediated protein sorting in the trans-Golgi network (TGN)-multivesicular body (MVB) transport pathway (Morokuma et al., 2007 [PubMed 17604280]).[supplied by OMIM, Apr 2010]

membrane associated ring-CH-type finger 4

MARCH4 is a member of the MARCH family of membrane-bound E3 ubiquitin ligases (EC 6.3.2.19). MARCH enzymes add ubiquitin (see MIM 191339) to target lysines in substrate proteins, thereby signaling their vesicular transport between membrane compartments. MARCH4 reduces surface accumulation of several membrane glycoproteins by directing them to the endosomal compartment (Bartee et al., 2004 [PubMed 14722266]).[supplied by OMIM, Apr 2010]

ring finger protein 228

Predicted to enable ubiquitin protein ligase activity. Predicted to be involved in protein ubiquitination. Predicted to be located in membrane. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

arkadia (RNF111) C-terminal like ring finger ubiquitin ligase 2C

Predicted to enable ubiquitin protein ligase activity. Predicted to be involved in motor neuron axon guidance and positive regulation of BMP signaling pathway. Predicted to act upstream of or within several processes, including forelimb morphogenesis; nervous system development; and protein polyubiquitination. Predicted to be part of protein-containing complex. Predicted to be active in nucleus. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

chromosome 19 open reading frame 12

This gene encodes a small transmembrane protein. Mutations in this gene are a cause of neurodegeneration with brain iron accumulation-4 (NBIA4), but the specific function of the encoded protein is unknown. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding multiple isoforms have been observed for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Dec 2011]

chromosome 10 open reading frame 88

Enables ATP hydrolysis activity. Predicted to be involved in chromatin looping and chromatin remodeling. Located in mitochondrion. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

chromosome 14 open reading frame 119 pseudogene

chromosome 22 open reading frame 39

Predicted to be involved in negative regulation of long-term synaptic potentiation. Located in mitochondrion. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

chromosome 22 open reading frame 31

chromosome 22 open reading frame 34

chromosome 1 open reading frame 189

Predicted to be involved in flagellated sperm motility. Located in axonemal microtubule. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

chromosome 1 open reading frame 185

Predicted to be located in membrane. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

chromosome 1 open reading frame 186

Enables erythropoietin receptor binding activity. Involved in erythropoietin-mediated signaling pathway and positive regulation of erythrocyte differentiation. Located in plasma membrane. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

chromosome X open reading frame 58

chromosome X open reading frame 56

While this gene is well-supported by transcript data, no functional information on its protein products is currently available. Three transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Dec 2009]

chromosome X open reading frame 57

Enables single-stranded DNA binding activity. Involved in negative regulation of double-strand break repair via homologous recombination. Located in nuclear speck and replication fork. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

chromosome 12 open reading frame 4

This gene is highly conserved from nematodes to humans. In rat, the orthologous gene encodes a cytoplasmic protein that is involved in mast cell degranulation. The human gene has been implicated in autosomal recessive intellectual disability. [provided by RefSeq, Sep 2016]

chromosome 14 open reading frame 119

Located in cytosol and mitochondrion. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

chromosome 18 open reading frame 15

Predicted to be located in membrane. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

Chromosome 5p13 duplication syndrome

chromosome 10 open reading frame 105

Predicted to be located in membrane. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

chromosome 10 open reading frame 107

Predicted to enable calcium ion binding activity. Predicted to act upstream of or within sperm flagellum assembly. Predicted to be located in centrosome; cytoplasm; and sperm flagellum. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

Obesity, susceptibility to, on chromosome 4

chromosome 1 open reading frame 234

Predicted to be involved in single fertilization. Predicted to be located in membrane. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

chromosome 2 open reading frame 81

Predicted to be involved in regulation of DNA-templated transcription. Predicted to be located in nucleus. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

chromosome 2 open reading frame 27A pseudogene

chromosome 14 open reading frame 79

Predicted to enable clathrin binding activity. Predicted to be involved in intracellular transport. Predicted to be part of AP-1 adaptor complex. Predicted to be active in trans-Golgi network membrane. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

chromosome 20 open reading frame 96

chromosome 17 open reading frame 47

chromosome 17 open reading frame 49

Enables identical protein binding activity. Predicted to be involved in chromatin organization. Located in cytosol and nucleoplasm. Part of MLL1 complex and NURF complex. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

Chromosome 15q26-qter deletion syndrome

chromosome 11 open reading frame 49

Enables protein-macromolecule adaptor activity. Involved in regulation of protein complex stability. Is active in centriolar satellite. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

chromosome 11 open reading frame 40

chromosome 11 open reading frame 42

chromosome 11 open reading frame 45

Predicted to be located in extracellular region. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

chromosome 19 open reading frame 18

Located in extracellular exosome. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

chromosome 7 open reading frame 43

Enables alpha-tubulin binding activity. Involved in cilium assembly and regulation of cell population proliferation. Located in several cellular components, including microtubule cytoskeleton; midbody; and plasma membrane. Part of TRAPPII protein complex. Implicated in primary autosomal recessive microcephaly. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

chromosome 2 open reading frame 16 pseudogene

chromosome 9 open reading frame 118

chromosome 9 open reading frame 117

Predicted to enable microtubule binding activity. Predicted to be involved in sperm axoneme assembly. Located in cytosol; intracellular membrane-bounded organelle; and plasma membrane. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

chromosome 9 open reading frame 116

Predicted to be involved in axoneme assembly; establishment of left/right asymmetry; and flagellated sperm motility. Predicted to act upstream of or within DNA damage response; cellular response to UV-C; and regulation of gene expression. Located in axonemal microtubule. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

chromosome 9 open reading frame 114

Enables miRNA binding activity. Involved in maintenance of centrosome location and miRNA processing. Acts upstream of with a positive effect on post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression. Located in kinetochore; mitotic spindle; and spindle pole centrosome. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

chromosome 19 open reading frame 53 pseudogene

chromosome 20 open reading frame 197

chromosome 1 open reading frame 100

chromosome 1 open reading frame 101

Predicted to be involved in flagellated sperm motility and sperm capacitation. Located in sperm principal piece. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

chromosome 1 open reading frame 105

chromosome 1 open reading frame 106

Involved in several processes, including nucleotide-binding activity oligomerization domain containing 2 signaling pathway; positive regulation of cytokine production; and positive regulation of intracellular signal transduction. Located in cytoplasm and nuclear body. Implicated in inflammatory bowel disease 29. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

chromosome 1 open reading frame 109

Involved in ribosomal large subunit biogenesis. Located in cytosol; nucleolus; and nucleoplasm. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

chromosome 18 open reading frame 32 pseudogene

chromosome 18 open reading frame 32 pseudogene

chromosome 4 open reading frame 36

chromosome 4 open reading frame 32

Located in Golgi apparatus. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

chromosome 8 open reading frame 33

chromosome 8 open reading frame 31

chromosome 8 open reading frame 37

This gene encodes a ubiquitously expressed protein of unknown function. It has high levels of mRNA expression in the brain, heart, and retina and the protein co-localizes with polyglutamylated tubulin at the base of the primary cilium in human retinal pigment epithelial cells. Mutations in this gene have been associated with autosomal recessive cone-rod dystrophy (arCRD) and retinitis pigmentosa (arRP). [provided by RefSeq, Mar 2012]

chromosome 8 open reading frame 34

This gene encodes a protein that is related to the cyclic AMP dependent protein kinase regulators. Naturally occurring mutations in this gene are associated with an increased risk for severe toxicities, such as diarrhea and neutropenia, in patients undergoing chemotherapeutic treatment. [provided by RefSeq, Mar 2017]

chromosome 3 open reading frame 67

chromosome 3 open reading frame 62

Predicted to be involved in spermatogenesis. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

X chromosome controlling element

Down syndrome chromosome region

Down syndrome, also known as trisomy 21, is the most frequent form of cognitive disability caused by a microscopically demonstrable chromosomal aberration. It is caused by a third copy (trisomy) of all or a critical portion of chromosome 21. Down syndrome is characterized by physical growth delays, dysmorphic facial features, heart and gastrointestinal disorders, and mild to moderate cognitive disability. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2017]

Chromosome 15q11.2 deletion syndrome

chromosome 16 open reading frame 46

Located in cytosol and nucleoplasm. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

chromosome 4 open reading frame 27 pseudogene

chromosome X open reading frame 49B

Chromosome 1q42-q44 deletion syndrome

chromosome 10 open reading frame 82

Predicted to be involved in flagellated sperm motility. Predicted to be located in several cellular components, including cytoskeleton; motile cilium; and nucleus. Predicted to be active in axonemal A tubule inner sheath and sperm flagellum. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

chromosome 9 open reading frame 86 pseudogene 2

chromosome 4 open reading frame 46 pseudogene

chromosome 1 open reading frame 27

Predicted to be involved in protein localization. Predicted to be located in membrane. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

surface antigen (chromosome 7) 2

chromosome 9 open reading frame 92

chromosome 18 open reading frame 32

Involved in positive regulation of canonical NF-kappaB signal transduction. Located in endoplasmic reticulum and lipid droplet. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

chromosome 7 open reading frame 34

Predicted to be involved in fusion of sperm to egg plasma membrane involved in single fertilization. Predicted to be located in extracellular region. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

chromosome 7 open reading frame 33

chromosome 7 open reading frame 31

Located in centrosome. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

Chromosome Xq26.3 duplication syndrome

Circulating adiponectin QTL on chromosome 5

chromosome 6 open reading frame 99

Obesity, susceptibility to, on chromosome 10q

Chromosome 16p11.2 deletion syndrome, 220kb

Chromosome 19p13.13 deletion syndrome

Chromosome 4q32.1-q32.2 triplication syndrome

chromosome 3 common eliminated region 1

Chromosome 3q13.31 deletion syndrome

chromosome 19 open reading frame 66

This gene is an interferon stimulated gene (ISG) that inhibits viral replication. The encoded protein binds nucleic acids and inhibits programmed -1 ribosomal frameshifting required for translation by many RNA viruses. Viruses inhibited by the protein include Zika virus, dengue virus and the coronaviruses, SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV2. [provided by RefSeq, Aug 2021]

chromosome 19 open reading frame 60

chromosome 19 open reading frame 68

Predicted to act upstream of or within hematopoietic progenitor cell differentiation. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

chromosome 6 open reading frame 132

chromosome 6 open reading frame 136

Predicted to be located in membrane. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

chromosome 12 open reading frame 56

Chromosome 15q25 deletion syndrome

non-histone chromosome protein 1

chromosome 21 open reading frame 33

This gene encodes a potential mitochondrial protein that is a member of the DJ-1/PfpI gene family. This protein is overexpressed in fetal Down syndrome brain. Alternate splicing results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, May 2010]

chromosome 4 open reading frame 46 pseudogene

chromosome 2 open reading frame 48

chromosome 2 open reading frame 44

Enables kinase binding activity. Involved in protein complex oligomerization. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

chromosome 2 open reading frame 47

Predicted to enable ribosome binding activity. Involved in calcium import into the mitochondrion; mitochondrial calcium ion homeostasis; and protein insertion into mitochondrial membrane. Located in mitochondrial matrix. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

chromosome 2 open reading frame 40

Enables neuropeptide hormone activity. Involved in neuropeptide signaling pathway; positive regulation of hormone secretion; and vasopressin secretion. Located in apical plasma membrane; dense core granule; and extracellular space. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

chromosome 2 open reading frame 42

Located in nucleoplasm. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

Chromosome Xp21 deletion syndrome

chromosome 20 open reading frame 141

Predicted to be located in membrane. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

chromosome 20 open reading frame 144

Chromosome 17q12 deletion syndrome

chromosome 9 open reading frame 85 pseudogene

chromosome 8 open reading frame 89

chromosome 8 open reading frame 88

Predicted to enable eukaryotic initiation factor 4E binding activity. Predicted to be involved in negative regulation of translational initiation. Predicted to be active in cytoplasm. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

chromosome 8 open reading frame 82

Located in mitochondrion. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

chromosome 8 open reading frame 87

chromosome 8 open reading frame 86

chromosome 14 open reading frame 169

Enables peptidyl-histidine dioxygenase activity and protein demethylase activity. Predicted to be involved in negative regulation of DNA-templated transcription; negative regulation of osteoblast differentiation; and protein demethylation. Located in nucleolus. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

chromosome 14 open reading frame 166

Enables RNA binding activity; RNA polymerase II complex binding activity; and identical protein binding activity. Involved in negative regulation of protein kinase activity; positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II; and tRNA splicing, via endonucleolytic cleavage and ligation. Located in microtubule cytoskeleton; nucleoplasm; and perinuclear region of cytoplasm. Part of tRNA-splicing ligase complex. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

chromosome 6 open reading frame 10

Located in nucleus. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

chromosome 6 open reading frame 15

Predicted to enable several functions, including collagen V binding activity; fibronectin binding activity; and glycosaminoglycan binding activity. Predicted to be involved in extracellular matrix organization. Predicted to be located in interstitial matrix. Predicted to be active in extracellular matrix. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

sperm protein associated with the nucleus on the X chromosome B/F

chromosome 17 open reading frame 99

Predicted to enable transmembrane signaling receptor activity. Predicted to be involved in cell surface receptor signaling pathway; mature B cell differentiation involved in immune response; and positive regulation of immunoglobulin production in mucosal tissue. Located in extracellular space. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

chromosome 17 open reading frame 98

chromosome 17 open reading frame 97

Predicted to enable molecular condensate scaffold activity. Predicted to be involved in membraneless organelle assembly and protein arginylation. Predicted to be located in cytoplasm and nucleus. Predicted to be active in nucleolus. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

chromosome 17 open reading frame 96

Predicted to enable chromatin binding activity. Predicted to be involved in neuron fate commitment; regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II; and stem cell differentiation. Predicted to be located in chromosome and nucleus. Predicted to be part of ESC/E(Z) complex and elongin complex. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

chromosome 15 open reading frame 61

Located in mitochondrion. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

chromosome 15 open reading frame 65

Predicted to be involved in axoneme assembly; determination of left/right symmetry; and flagellated sperm motility. Located in axonemal microtubule. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

chromosome 19 open reading frame 44

Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome chromosome region

Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome is a congenital malformation syndrome characterized by pre- and postnatal growth deficiency, developmental disability of variable degree, characteristic craniofacial features ('Greek warrior helmet' appearance of the nose, high forehead, prominent glabella, hypertelorism, high-arched eyebrows, protruding eyes, epicanthal folds, short philtrum, distinct mouth with downturned corners, and micrognathia), and a seizure disorder (Battaglia et al., 2008 [PubMed 18932224]).[supplied by OMIM, Nov 2010]

Chromosome 2q23.1 deletion syndrome

chromosome 22 open reading frame 42

chromosome 22 open reading frame 46

chromosome 1 open reading frame 95

Predicted to be located in membrane. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

chromosome 1 open reading frame 94

Prostate cancer aggressiveness quantitative trait locus on chromosome 19

chromosome X open reading frame 21

Involved in positive regulation of toll-like receptor 7 signaling pathway; positive regulation of toll-like receptor 8 signaling pathway; and regulation of lysosomal lumen pH. Located in endolysosome membrane and nucleoplasm. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

chromosome X open reading frame 23

Predicted to enable DNA binding activity and transcription coregulator activity. Predicted to be involved in positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II. Predicted to be located in mitochondrion. Predicted to be part of mediator complex. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

chromosome 2 open reading frame 69 pseudogene

chromosome 11 open reading frame 58 pseudogene

chromosome 16 open reading frame 70

Predicted to be involved in Golgi to plasma membrane protein transport. Located in phagophore assembly site. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

chromosome 16 open reading frame 71

Predicted to enable dynein complex binding activity. Predicted to be involved in outer dynein arm assembly. Located in dynein axonemal particle. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

chromosome 16 open reading frame 72

Enables ubiquitin protein ligase binding activity. Involved in negative regulation of signal transduction by p53 class mediator and regulation of cellular response to stress. Located in cytoplasm and nucleus. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

chromosome 16 open reading frame 78

Located in nucleus. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

chromosome 14 open reading frame 28

Predicted to act upstream of or within with a positive effect on NMDA selective glutamate receptor signaling pathway and cAMP-mediated signaling. Predicted to act upstream of or within several processes, including G protein-coupled dopamine receptor signaling pathway; memory; and neurogenesis. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

chromosome 20 open reading frame 62

Chromosome 16p11.2 duplication syndrome

chromosome 16 open reading frame 72-like

Enables ubiquitin protein ligase binding activity. Involved in protein stabilization. Located in nucleus. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

chromosome 11 open reading frame 16

chromosome 9 open reading frame 172

Predicted to be involved in cell-cell junction organization. Predicted to be located in adherens junction; apical plasma membrane; and cilium. Predicted to be active in apical junction complex and plasma membrane. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

chromosome 10 open reading frame 71

Predicted to be involved in positive regulation of calcineurin-NFAT signaling cascade. Predicted to be located in cytoplasm. Predicted to be active in Z disc. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

chromosome 10 open reading frame 76

Involved in regulation of Golgi organization. Located in Golgi membrane and cytosol. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

chromosome 9 open reading frame 163

chromosome 2 open reading frame 91

Chromosome 8q21.11 deletion syndrome

chromosome 5 open reading frame 28

Predicted to be located in membrane. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

chromosome 5 open reading frame 22

chromosome 5 open reading frame 24

chromosome 1 open reading frame 159

Predicted to be located in membrane. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

chromosome 1 open reading frame 158

Predicted to be involved in flagellated sperm motility. Located in axonemal microtubule. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

chromosome 10 open reading frame 2

This gene encodes a hexameric DNA helicase which unwinds short stretches of double-stranded DNA in the 5' to 3' direction and, along with mitochondrial single-stranded DNA binding protein and mtDNA polymerase gamma, is thought to play a key role in mtDNA replication. The protein localizes to the mitochondrial matrix and mitochondrial nucleoids. Mutations in this gene cause infantile onset spinocerebellar ataxia (IOSCA) and progressive external ophthalmoplegia (PEO) and are also associated with several mitochondrial depletion syndromes. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants encoding distinct isoforms.[provided by RefSeq, Aug 2009]

chromosome 2 open reading frame 66

Predicted to be located in extracellular region. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

chromosome 3 open reading frame 18

Predicted to be located in membrane. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

chromosome 3 open reading frame 14

Predicted to be located in cilium. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

chromosome 3 open reading frame 17

Predicted to be involved in negative regulation of neuron differentiation and positive regulation of Notch signaling pathway. Predicted to be located in nucleolus. Predicted to be active in nucleus. Implicated in anauxetic dysplasia 3. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

chromosome 9 open reading frame 172 pseudogene

chromosome 1 open reading frame 233

Predicted to be located in membrane. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

Chromosome 3q29 microdeletion syndrome

regulator of chromosome condensation (RCC1) and BTB (POZ) domain containing protein 2 pseudogene 1

Chromosome 9p deletion syndrome

NHP2 non-histone chromosome protein 2-like 1 (S. cerevisiae) pseudogene

chromosome 9 open reading frame 62

chromosome 9 open reading frame 66

chromosome 9 open reading frame 64

Predicted to enable hydrolase activity. Involved in nucleoside salvage. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

chromosome 9 open reading frame 69

Predicted to enable GTPase activity and molecular adaptor activity. Involved in positive regulation of cell population proliferation and positive regulation of viral process. Located in cytoplasm and nucleoplasm. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

chromosome 12 open reading frame 60

chromosome 12 open reading frame 66

Involved in several processes, including cellular response to amino acid starvation; cellular response to glucose starvation; and negative regulation of TORC1 signaling. Located in intercellular bridge and lysosome. Part of KICSTOR complex. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

chromosome 12 open reading frame 49 pseudogene

DNA segment on chromosome 6 (unique, pseudogene) 2723 expressed sequence

chromosome 11 open reading frame 98

This gene shares three exons in common with another gene, LBH domain containing 1 (GeneID:79081), but the encoded protein uses a reading frame that is different from that of the LBH domain containing 1 gene. [provided by RefSeq, Nov 2017]

chromosome 11 open reading frame 97

Predicted to be located in ciliary basal body. Predicted to be active in ciliary base. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

chromosome 11 open reading frame 96

chromosome 11 open reading frame 95

Predicted to be involved in negative regulation of DNA-templated transcription. Predicted to be located in nucleus. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

chromosome 11 open reading frame 94

Predicted to enable protein-macromolecule adaptor activity. Predicted to be involved in fusion of sperm to egg plasma membrane involved in single fertilization; maintenance of protein localization in endoplasmic reticulum; and sperm-egg recognition. Predicted to act upstream of or within several processes, including protein modification process; protein stabilization; and spermatid development. Predicted to be located in endoplasmic reticulum. Predicted to be active in endoplasmic reticulum membrane. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

chromosome 11 open reading frame 91

chromosome 1 open reading frame 106 pseudogene

chromosome 6 open reading frame 163

chromosome 6 open reading frame 165

Predicted to be involved in regulation of cilium beat frequency; regulation of flagellated sperm motility; and sperm axoneme assembly. Predicted to be located in A axonemal microtubule and motile cilium. Predicted to be part of radial spoke. Predicted to be active in axoneme and ciliary basal body. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

chromosome 2 open reading frame 16

Located in extracellular exosome and nucleus. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

chromosome 2 open reading frame 15

Enables RNA binding activity. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

Chromosome 2q32-q33 deletion syndrome

cat eye syndrome chromosome region, candidate 5

Predicted to be involved in glycerophospholipid biosynthetic process. Located in mitochondrion. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

cat eye syndrome chromosome region, candidate 9 (non-protein coding)

Predicted to be located in extracellular region. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

chromosome 18 open reading frame 65

chromosome 18 open reading frame 63

chromosome 20 open reading frame 173

Predicted to enable beta-galactoside (CMP) alpha-2,3-sialyltransferase activity. Predicted to be involved in ganglioside biosynthetic process via lactosylceramide; protein glycosylation; and sialylation. Predicted to be active in membrane. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

chromosome 14 open reading frame 166 pseudogene

chromosome 7 open reading frame 69

Predicted to be located in extracellular region. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

chromosome 7 open reading frame 60

Enables S-adenosyl-L-methionine binding activity. Involved in cellular response to amino acid starvation; cellular response to methionine; and positive regulation of TORC1 signaling. Predicted to be located in cytosol. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

chromosome 7 open reading frame 61

Involved in spermatid development. Located in acrosomal vesicle. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

chromosome 7 open reading frame 62

chromosome 7 open reading frame 65

chromosome 7 open reading frame 66

chromosome 18 open reading frame 21 pseudogene

chromosome 7 open reading frame 73 pseudogene

Chromosome 1q41-q42 deletion syndrome

chromosome 6 open reading frame 25

This gene is a member of the immunoglobulin (Ig) superfamily and is located in the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class III region. The protein encoded by this gene is a glycosylated, plasma membrane-bound cell surface receptor, but soluble isoforms encoded by some transcript variants have been found in the endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi before being secreted. Multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

synovial sarcoma translocation gene on chromosome 18-like 2 pseudogene 2

chromosome 14 open reading frame 166 pseudogene

chromosome 14 open reading frame 93

Enables RNA binding activity. Predicted to act upstream of or within cell differentiation and positive regulation of gene expression. Predicted to be located in extracellular region. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

chromosome 15 open reading frame 32

chromosome 19 open reading frame 35

Predicted to enable protein kinase activity. Involved in regulation of actin cytoskeleton organization and regulation of cell shape. Predicted to be active in actin cytoskeleton and focal adhesion. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

chromosome 11 open reading frame 44

chromosome 21 open reading frame 62

Enables identical protein binding activity. Involved in mitocytosis. Located in extracellular exosome and migrasome. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

chromosome 21 open reading frame 2

Four alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding four different isoforms have been found for this nuclear gene. All isoforms contain leucine-rich repeats. Three of these isoforms are mitochondrial proteins and one of them lacks the target peptide, so is not located in mitochondrion. This gene is down-regulated in Down syndrome (DS) brain, which may represent mitochondrial dysfunction in DS patients. [provided by RefSeq, Sep 2012]

chromosome 5 open reading frame 13 pseudogene

Williams Beuren syndrome chromosome region 27

This gene encodes a protein belonging to ubiE/COQ5 methyltransferase family. The gene is deleted in Williams syndrome, a multisystem developmental disorder caused by the deletion of contiguous genes at 7q11.22-q11.23. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

Williams-Beuren syndrome chromosome region 28

Predicted to be located in membrane. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

chromosome 22 open reading frame 15

Chromosome 17q23.1-q23.2 duplication syndrome

chromosome 8 open reading frame 58

chromosome 8 open reading frame 59

Involved in ribosome biogenesis. Located in cytosol; nucleolus; and nucleoplasm. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

chromosome 17 open reading frame 107

chromosome 10 open reading frame 126

chromosome 10 open reading frame 120

chromosome 10 open reading frame 128

Predicted to be located in membrane. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

chromosome 2 open reading frame 27A

chromosome 2 open reading frame 27B

chromosome 21 open reading frame 58

Chromosome 6q25-q25 deletion syndrome

chromosome 2 open reading frame 27B pseudogene

chromosome 16 open reading frame 47

chromosome 3 open reading frame 70

Predicted to be involved in circadian behavior and nervous system development. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

chromosome 11 open reading frame 68

Enables RNA binding activity. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

chromosome 11 open reading frame 65

Predicted to be involved in negative regulation of mitochondrial fission and negative regulation of protein targeting to mitochondrion. Predicted to be located in cytosol and mitochondrial outer membrane. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

chromosome 11 open reading frame 63

Predicted to be involved in axoneme assembly and brain development. Predicted to act upstream of or within several processes, including cerebrospinal fluid circulation; motile cilium assembly; and regulation of establishment of planar polarity. Predicted to be located in extracellular region. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

chromosome 10 open reading frame 25

Predicted to be located in extracellular region. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

chromosome 10 open reading frame 99

Enables chemokine activity. Involved in several processes, including defense response to other organism; mast cell degranulation; and negative regulation of cell cycle G1/S phase transition. Located in extracellular region. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

chromosome 2 open reading frame 27B pseudogene

Chromosome 8p11 myeloproliferative syndrome

chromosome 9 open reading frame 131

chromosome 9 open reading frame 135

Predicted to be involved in flagellated sperm motility. Located in axonemal microtubule and plasma membrane. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

chromosome 9 open reading frame 139

chromosome 5 open reading frame 17

chromosome 5 open reading frame 15

Predicted to be located in membrane. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

chromosome 1 open reading frame 127

Predicted to act upstream of or within determination of left/right symmetry and heart development. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

chromosome 1 open reading frame 122

chromosome 1 open reading frame 123

Enables zinc ion binding activity. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

chromosome 4 open reading frame 51

chromosome 3 open reading frame 49

chromosome 17 open reading frame 112

chromosome 12 open reading frame 65

This nuclear gene encodes a mitochondrial matrix protein that appears to contribute to peptide chain termination in the mitochondrial translation machinery. Two different 1 bp deletions (resulting in the same premature stop codon)result in decreased mitochondrial translation, decreased levels of oxidative phosphorylation complexes and encepthalomyopathy. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Aug 2010]

chromosome 9 open reading frame 50

chromosome 9 open reading frame 57

Predicted to be located in membrane. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

chromosome 18 open reading frame 21 pseudogene

chromosome 20 open reading frame 196

Involved in negative regulation of double-strand break repair via homologous recombination; positive regulation of double-strand break repair via nonhomologous end joining; and positive regulation of isotype switching. Located in site of double-strand break. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

chromosome 20 open reading frame 195

chromosome 19 open reading frame 84

Predicted to be involved in transposable element silencing by piRNA-mediated DNA methylation. Predicted to be located in nucleoplasm. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

chromosome 19 open reading frame 80

Predicted to enable hormone activity. Involved in regulation of lipid metabolic process and triglyceride homeostasis. Acts upstream of or within positive regulation of protein processing and regulation of lipoprotein metabolic process. Located in extracellular region. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

chromosome 19 open reading frame 81

chromosome 14 open reading frame 37

Predicted to enable TORC2 complex binding activity. Involved in regulation of inflammatory response. Located in membrane. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

chromosome X open reading frame 67 pseudogene

chromosome 11 open reading frame 73 pseudogene

chromosome 1 open reading frame 43

Involved in phagocytosis. Located in Golgi apparatus; cytosol; and mitochondrion. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

chromosome 20 open reading frame 57

chromosome 18 open reading frame 54

Predicted to act upstream of or within negative regulation of cell population proliferation. Predicted to be located in extracellular region. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

chromosome 17 open reading frame 58 pseudogene

chromosome 7 open reading frame 13

chromosome 4 open reading frame 33

chromosome 12 open reading frame 10

Enables 3'-5'-RNA exonuclease activity. Involved in mRNA processing; mitochondrial RNA metabolic process; and rRNA processing. Located in mitochondrion and nucleus. Is active in mitochondrial matrix; nucleolus; and nucleoplasm. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

chromosome 15 open reading frame 41

This gene encodes a protein with two predicted helix-turn-helix domains. Mutations in this gene were found in families with congenital dyserythropoietic anemia type Ib. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms. [provided by RefSeq, Mar 2014]

cat eye syndrome chromosome region, candidate 1

This gene encodes a member of a subfamily of the adenosine deaminase protein family. The encoded protein is one of two adenosine deaminases found in humans, which regulate levels of the signaling molecule, adenosine. The encoded protein is secreted from monocytes undergoing differentiation and may regulate cell proliferation and differentiation. This gene may be responsible for some of the phenotypic features associated with cat eye syndrome. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Aug 2013]

cat eye syndrome chromosome region, candidate 2

This gene encodes a bromodomain-containing protein that is involved in chromatin remodeling, and may additionally play a role in DNA damage response. The encoded protein functions as part of an ATP-dependent complex that is involved in neurulation. This gene is a candidate gene for Cat Eye Syndrome. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Feb 2014]

cat eye syndrome chromosome region, candidate 3 (non-protein coding)

cat eye syndrome chromosome region, candidate 6

Chromosome Xq28 microdeletion syndrome

chromosome 9 open reading frame 78 pseudogene

chromosome 2 open reading frame 69 pseudogene

regulator of chromosome condensation 1

Enables several functions, including guanyl-nucleotide exchange factor activity; nucleosomal DNA binding activity; and protein heterodimerization activity. Involved in G1/S transition of mitotic cell cycle; regulation of mitotic nuclear division; and spindle organization. Located in chromatin; cytoplasm; and nuclear lumen. Part of protein-containing complex. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

regulator of chromosome condensation 2

The protein encoded by this gene is a guanine exchange factor that is active on RalA, a small GTPase. The encoded protein and RalA are both essential for proper kinetochore-microtubule function in early mitosis. This protein has been shown to be a biomarker for colorectal cancer. [provided by RefSeq, Oct 2016]

Asthma and obesity susceptibility, chromosome 16p11 inversion related

chromosome 17 open reading frame 104

Predicted to be involved in several processes, including germ cell development; germline cell cycle switching, mitotic to meiotic cell cycle; and meiosis I. Predicted to be active in cytoplasm and nucleus. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

chromosome 17 open reading frame 105

Predicted to be involved in sperm axoneme assembly. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

chromosome 17 open reading frame 102

chromosome 17 open reading frame 100

chromosome 21 open reading frame 59

This gene encodes a protein that plays a critical role in dynein arm assembly and motile cilia function. Mutations in this gene result in primary ciliary dyskinesia. Naturally occuring readthrough transcription occurs from this locus to the downstream t-complex 10 like (TCP10L) gene. [provided by RefSeq, Apr 2017]

chromosome 10 open reading frame 90

Predicted to enable histone deacetylase binding activity; microtubule binding activity; and ubiquitin protein ligase activity. Predicted to be involved in several processes, including protein stabilization; regulation of cell cycle process; and response to ionizing radiation. Located in cytoskeleton; cytosol; and plasma membrane. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

chromosome 10 open reading frame 91

chromosome 10 open reading frame 95

chromosome 9 open reading frame 86 pseudogene 1

chromosome 22 open reading frame 29

Involved in mitochondrial outer membrane permeabilization and regulation of mitochondrial membrane potential. Located in mitochondrion. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

chromosome 22 open reading frame 23

chromosome 22 open reading frame 24

Predicted to be located in membrane. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

Chromosome 2q31.1 duplication syndrome

chromosome X open reading frame 49

chromosome 17 open reading frame 98 pseudogene

chromosome 2 open reading frame 27B pseudogene

chromosome 6 open reading frame 1

Predicted to be located in membrane. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

chromosome 6 open reading frame 7

chromosome 14 open reading frame 105

Predicted to be involved in energy homeostasis. Predicted to be part of cytoplasmic vesicle and plasma membrane. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

Chromosome 22q11.2 deletion syndrome, distal

chromosome 5 open reading frame 60 pseudogene

Chromosome 13q14 deletion syndrome

chromosome 1 open reading frame 204

Enables RNA binding activity. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

Chromosome 16p13.3 duplication syndrome

chromosome 20 open reading frame 85

Located in cilium. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

Chromosome 6pter deletion syndrome

chromosome 6 open reading frame 201

chromosome 17 open reading frame 70

FAAP100 is a component of the Fanconi anemia (FA; MIM 277650) core complex and is required for core complex stability and FANCD2 (see MIM 227646) monoubiquitination (Ling et al., 2007 [PubMed 17396147]).[supplied by OMIM, Mar 2008]

chromosome 17 open reading frame 77

Predicted to be located in extracellular region. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

chromosome 17 open reading frame 75

Involved in intracellular protein transport and vesicle tethering to Golgi. Located in cytoplasmic vesicle; cytosol; and trans-Golgi network. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

chromosome 17 open reading frame 74

Predicted to be located in membrane. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

chromosome 17 open reading frame 78

Predicted to be located in membrane. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

synovial sarcoma translocation gene on chromosome 18-like 2

Synovial sarcomas occur most frequently in the extremities around large joints. More than 90% of cases have a recurrent and specific chromosomal translocation, t(X;18)(p11.2;q11.2), in which the 5-prime end of the SS18 gene (MIM 600192) is fused in-frame to the 3-prime end of the SSX1 (MIM 312820), SSX2 (MIM 300192), or SSX4 (MIM 300326) gene. The SS18L2 gene is homologous to SS18.[supplied by OMIM, Jul 2002]

synovial sarcoma translocation gene on chromosome 18-like 1

This gene encodes a calcium-responsive transactivator which is an essential subunit of a neuron-specific chromatin-remodeling complex. The structure of this gene is similar to that of the SS18 gene. Mutations in this gene are involved in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Alternatively spliced transcript variants have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Sep 2014]

chromosome 10 open reading frame 10

The expression of this gene is induced by fasting as well as by progesterone. The protein encoded by this gene contains a t-synaptosome-associated protein receptor (SNARE) coiled-coil homology domain and a peroxisomal targeting signal. Production of the encoded protein leads to phosphorylation and activation of the transcription factor ELK1. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

chromosome 10 open reading frame 11

This gene encodes a leucine-rich repeat protein. The encoded protein is thought to play a role in melanocyte differentiation. Mutations in this gene have been associated with autosomal recessive oculocutaneous albinism 7 (OCA7). Alternatively spliced transcript variants have been identified. [provided by RefSeq, Mar 2015]

chromosome 10 open reading frame 12

chromosome 8 open reading frame 49

Chromosome Xq28 duplication syndrome

chromosome 9 open reading frame 106

chromosome 5 open reading frame 49

Predicted to be involved in flagellated sperm motility. Located in axoneme and ciliary basal body. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

chromosome 5 open reading frame 45

Enables chromatin binding activity. Involved in several processes, including mitotic G2 DNA damage checkpoint signaling; regulation of double-strand break repair; and response to ionizing radiation. Located in Mre11 complex and nucleoplasm. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

chromosome 5 open reading frame 46

Located in extracellular exosome. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

chromosome 5 open reading frame 47

chromosome 5 open reading frame 42

The protein encoded by this gene has putative coiled-coil domains and may be a transmembrane protein. Defects in this gene are a cause of Joubert syndrome (JBTS). [provided by RefSeq, May 2012]

chromosome alignment-maintaining phosphoprotein 1-like

Chromosome 2p12-p11.2 deletion syndrome

chromosome 8 open reading frame 22

Predicted to be involved in cell differentiation. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

chromosome 4 open reading frame 29

Located in mitochondrion. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

chromosome 4 open reading frame 22

Predicted to be located in cytoplasm. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

chromosome 4 open reading frame 27

Enables chromatin binding activity; histone binding activity; and protein ADP-ribosyltransferase-substrate adaptor activity. Involved in DNA repair-dependent chromatin remodeling and double-strand break repair. Located in chromatin and nucleus. Is active in site of DNA damage. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

chromosome 4 open reading frame 26

Dental enamel forms the outer cap of teeth and is the hardest substance found in vertebrates. This gene is thought to encode an extracellular matrix acidic phosphoprotein that has a function in enamel mineralization during amelogenesis. Mutations in this gene are associated with recessive hypomineralized amelogenesis imperfecta. [provided by RefSeq, Oct 2012]

DiGeorge syndrome chromosome region

DiGeorge syndrome (DGS) comprises hypocalcemia arising from parathyroid hypoplasia, thymic hypoplasia, and outflow tract defects of the heart. Disturbance of cervical neural crest migration into the derivatives of the pharyngeal arches and pouches can account for the phenotype. Most cases result from a deletion of chromosome 22q11.2 (the DiGeorge syndrome chromosome region, or DGCR). Several genes are lost including the putative transcription factor TUPLE1 which is expressed in the appropriate distribution. This deletion may present with a variety of phenotypes: Shprintzen, or velocardiofacial, syndrome (VCFS; MIM 192430); conotruncal anomaly face (or Takao syndrome); and isolated outflow tract defects of the heart including tetralogy of Fallot, truncus arteriosus, and interrupted aortic arch. A collective acronym CATCH22 has been proposed for these differing presentations. A small number of cases of DGS have defects in other chromosomes, notably 10p13 (see MIM 601362). In the mouse, a transgenic Hox A3 (Hox 1.5) knockout produces a phenotype similar to DGS as do the teratogens retinoic acid and alcohol.[supplied by OMIM, Aug 2009]

chromosome 14 open reading frame 180

Predicted to be active in plasma membrane. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

chromosome 9 open reading frame 172 pseudogene

Angelman syndrome chromosome region

Angelman syndrome (AS) is characterized by developmental delay, intellectual disability, movement or balance disorders, seizures, and limitations in speech and language development. Most cases of AS are caused by deletion in the 15q11-q13 region of the maternal chromosome. Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS) is a clinically distinct disorder resulting from paternal deletion of the 15q11-q13 region. Clinical features similar to AS are also shown in chromosome 15q11-q13 duplication syndrome. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2017]

Chromosome 2q31.2 deletion syndrome

chromosome 16 open reading frame 45

Predicted to be involved in negative regulation of microtubule depolymerization. Predicted to act upstream of or within negative regulation of cell motility involved in cerebral cortex radial glia guided migration. Predicted to be active in microtubule cytoskeleton. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

chromosome 9 open reading frame 16 pseudogene

chromosome 16 open reading frame 58

This gene encodes a putative transmembrane protein containing a conserved DUF647 domain that may be involved in protein-protein interaction. The encoded protein is related to a plant protein that participates in ultraviolet B light-sensing during root morphogenesis. [provided by RefSeq, Feb 2013]

chromosome 16 open reading frame 59

Predicted to be involved in positive regulation of smoothened signaling pathway. Predicted to be located in centriole and cilium. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

chromosome 16 open reading frame 52

Predicted to be involved in negative regulation of smoothened signaling pathway; regulation of neuron differentiation; and regulation of protein stability. Predicted to act upstream of or within several processes, including chordate embryonic development; embryonic limb morphogenesis; and smoothened signaling pathway. Predicted to be located in plasma membrane. Predicted to be active in Golgi apparatus and ciliary membrane. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

chromosome 16 open reading frame 54

Predicted to be located in membrane. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

Chromosome 16p12.2-p11.2 deletion syndrome

chromosome 2 open reading frame 82

Predicted to be involved in cartilage development. Predicted to be located in several cellular components, including collagen-containing extracellular matrix; cytoplasm; and extracellular region. Predicted to be active in cell periphery. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

CTF8, chromosome transmission fidelity factor 8 homolog (S. cerevisiae)

This gene encodes a short protein that forms part of the Ctf18 replication factor C (RFC) complex that occurs in both yeast and mammals. The heteroheptameric RFC complex plays a role in sister chromatid cohesion and may load the replication clamp PCNA (proliferating cell nuclear antigen) onto DNA during DNA replication and repair. This gene is ubiquitously expressed and has been shown to have reduced expression in renal and prostate tumors. Alternatively spliced transcript variants have been described. This gene has a pseudogene on chromosome X. [provided by RefSeq, Oct 2018]

chromosome 11 open reading frame 31

This gene encodes a nucleolar protein, which belongs to the SelWTH family. It functions as an oxidoreductase, and has been shown to protect neurons against UVB-induced damage by inhibiting apoptotic cell death pathways, promote mitochondrial biogenesis and mitochondrial function, and suppress cellular senescence through genome maintenance and redox regulation. This protein is a selenoprotein, containing the rare amino acid selenocysteine (Sec) at its active site. Sec is encoded by the UGA codon, which normally signals translation termination. The 3' UTRs of selenoprotein mRNAs contain a conserved stem-loop structure, designated the Sec insertion sequence (SECIS) element, that is necessary for the recognition of UGA as a Sec codon, rather than as a stop signal. Alternatively spliced transcript variants have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, May 2016]

Chromosome 2p16.1-p15 deletion syndrome

Williams-Beuren syndrome chromosome region 17

This gene encodes an N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase. This gene is located centromeric to the common deleted region in Williams-Beuren syndrome (WBS), a multisystem developmental disorder caused by the deletion of contiguous genes at 7q11.23. This protein may play a role in membrane trafficking. [provided by RefSeq, Jan 2013]

chromosome 5 open reading frame 34

chromosome 1 open reading frame 147

chromosome 6 open reading frame 35 pseudogene

chromosome 2 open reading frame 69 pseudogene

Chromosome 6q11-q14 deletion syndrome

chromosome 6 open reading frame 183

chromosome 11 open reading frame 1

Predicted to be involved in flagellated sperm motility. Located in axoneme and nucleoplasm. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

amyotrophic lateral sclerosis 2 (juvenile) chromosome region, candidate 11

An autosomal recessive form of juvenile amyotrophic lateral sclerosis was originally mapped to a region of chromosome 2 that includes this gene. The encoded protein contains a calcium-dependent membrane targeting C2 domain. This domain is often found in proteins that are involved in membrane trafficking and signal transduction. [provided by RefSeq, Jun 2016]

amyotrophic lateral sclerosis 2 (juvenile) chromosome region, candidate 12

Predicted to be located in cytoplasmic vesicle and outer dense fiber. Predicted to be active in cytoplasm. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

chromosome 1 open reading frame 174

Located in nucleoplasm. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

chromosome 1 open reading frame 177

chromosome 1 open reading frame 35

Enables RNA binding activity. Predicted to be located in extracellular region; ficolin-1-rich granule lumen; and secretory granule lumen. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

Chromosome 22q11.2 microduplication syndrome

chromosome 5 open reading frame 60 pseudogene

chromosome 4 open reading frame 46 pseudogene

chromosome 9 open reading frame 89

Predicted to enable CARD domain binding activity. Predicted to be involved in negative regulation of canonical NF-kappaB signal transduction. Located in mitochondrion. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

chromosome 9 open reading frame 84

Enables ATP hydrolysis activity and single-stranded DNA binding activity. Predicted to be involved in resolution of meiotic recombination intermediates and synaptonemal complex assembly. Predicted to be located in chromosome. Predicted to be active in condensed nuclear chromosome. Implicated in spermatogenic failure 75. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

chromosome 9 open reading frame 85

chromosome 1 open reading frame 68

Predicted to be involved in epidermis development. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

chromosome 6 open reading frame 89

Involved in several processes, including chromatin remodeling; epithelial cell proliferation; and wound healing. Located in several cellular components, including Golgi membrane; midbody; and nucleolus. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

chromosome 12 open reading frame 49

Involved in positive regulation of SREBP signaling pathway. Located in Golgi membrane. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

chromosome 12 open reading frame 40

Predicted to enable DNA binding activity and RNA binding activity. Predicted to be involved in meiotic cell cycle. Predicted to be located in chromosome. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

chromosome 12 open reading frame 43

Predicted to be involved in Spemann organizer formation and negative regulation of Wnt signaling pathway. Predicted to be located in nuclear envelope. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

chromosome 12 open reading frame 42

chromosome 12 open reading frame 45

Enables box C/D methylation guide snoRNP complex binding activity. Involved in box C/D snoRNP assembly. Predicted to be located in nucleus. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

chromosome 12 open reading frame 49 pseudogene

chromosome 19 open reading frame 53

chromosome 19 open reading frame 52

Enables protein transporter activity. Involved in protein insertion into mitochondrial inner membrane. Located in mitochondrial inner membrane and mitochondrial intermembrane space. Part of TIM22 mitochondrial import inner membrane insertion complex. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

chromosome 19 open reading frame 57

Predicted to enable damaged DNA binding activity. Predicted to be involved in meiosis I; protein localization to site of double-strand break; and spermatogenesis. Predicted to be located in chromosome. Predicted to be active in site of double-strand break. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

chromosome 19 open reading frame 54

Enables cysteine-type aminopeptidase activity and initiator methionyl aminopeptidase activity. Involved in protein processing. Predicted to be located in cytoplasm. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

chromosome 6 open reading frame 106

This gene encodes a protein with N-terminal ubiquitin-associated (UBA)-like and central neighbor of BRCA1 gene 1 (NBR1)-like domains. The protein acts an inhibitor of antiviral and proinflammatory cytokine transcription and as a regulator of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS). [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2021]

Chromosome 7q11.23 duplication syndrome

chromosome 20 open reading frame 194

This gene encodes an uncharacterized protein with a C-terminal coiled-coil region. The gene is located on chromosome 20p13 in a 1.8 Mb region linked to a spinocerebellar ataxia phenotype, but this gene does not appear to be a disease candidate. [provided by RefSeq, Dec 2011]

chromosome 19 open reading frame 71

Predicted to be involved in flagellated sperm motility. Predicted to be located in axonemal microtubule. Predicted to be active in axonemal A tubule inner sheath and sperm flagellum. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

chromosome 2 open reading frame 70

Predicted to be involved in flagellated sperm motility. Located in axonemal microtubule. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

chromosome 2 open reading frame 71

The protein encoded by this gene is highly expressed in photoreceptors and may associate with the primary cilium of the outer segment. The encoded protein appears to undergo post-translational lipid modification. Nonsense and missense variants of this gene appear to cause a recessive form of retinitis pigmentosa. [provided by RefSeq, Jun 2010]

chromosome 2 open reading frame 73

chromosome 2 open reading frame 76

chromosome 2 open reading frame 78

chromosome 6 open reading frame 120

This gene encodes a conserved, N-glycosylated protein that likely functions in the cellular response to endoplasmic reticulum stress. This protein is able to induce apoptosis in vitro in CD4+ T-cells. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Nov 2015]

chromosome 21 open reading frame 140

chromosome 7 open reading frame 49

Predicted to enable molecular adaptor activity. Involved in double-strand break repair via nonhomologous end joining and negative regulation of double-strand break repair via nonhomologous end joining. Located in cytoplasm and nucleus. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

chromosome 14 open reading frame 159

Predicted to enable D-glutamate cyclase activity. Predicted to be involved in glutamate metabolic process. Located in mitochondrion. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

synovial sarcoma translocation gene on chromosome 18-like 2 pseudogene 1

Chromosome 16p13.3 deletion syndrome

chromosome 6 open reading frame 58 pseudogene

chromosome 17 open reading frame 89

Involved in mitochondrial respiratory chain complex I assembly. Located in mitochondrial matrix. Implicated in nuclear type mitochondrial complex I deficiency 34. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

chromosome 17 open reading frame 82

chromosome 17 open reading frame 80

Predicted to be involved in cell population proliferation; mitochondrial DNA metabolic process; and positive regulation of mitochondrial DNA replication. Located in mitochondrial nucleoid. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

chromosome 17 open reading frame 85

Enables RNA 7-methylguanosine cap binding activity and mRNA binding activity. Involved in defense response to virus; mRNA export from nucleus; and snRNA export from nucleus. Located in cytoplasm and nuclear speck. Part of nuclear cap binding activity complex. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

chromosome 15 open reading frame 59

Predicted to be involved in inhibitory postsynaptic potential. Predicted to be located in synapse. Predicted to be active in GABA-ergic synapse and postsynaptic density. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

chromosome 15 open reading frame 57

Involved in head development and regulation of clathrin-dependent endocytosis. Part of clathrin-coated pit. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

chromosome 15 open reading frame 56

chromosome 15 open reading frame 54

chromosome 15 open reading frame 53

chromosome 15 open reading frame 52

Enables RNA binding activity. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

NHP2 non-histone chromosome protein 2-like 1 (S. cerevisiae) pseudogene

Tumor suppressor gene on chromosome 11

Chromosome 17q23.1-q23.2 deletion syndrome

Chromosome 1p32-p31 deletion syndrome

chromosome 8 open reading frame 76

chromosome 8 open reading frame 74

chromosome 16 open reading frame 86

chromosome 10 open reading frame 142

Chromosome Xq27.3-q28 duplication syndrome

Chromosome 14q11-q22 deletion syndrome

chromosome 8 open reading frame 4

This gene encodes a small, monomeric, predominantly unstructured protein that functions as a positive regulator of the Wnt/beta-catenin signaling pathway. This protein interacts with a repressor of beta-catenin mediated transcription at nuclear speckles. It is thought to competitively block interactions of the repressor with beta-catenin, resulting in up-regulation of beta-catenin target genes. The encoded protein may also play a role in the NF-kappaB and ERK1/2 signaling pathways. Expression of this gene may play a role in the proliferation of several types of cancer including thyroid cancer, breast cancer and hematological malignancies. [provided by RefSeq, Nov 2011]

chromosome 2 open reading frame 27B pseudogene

alveolar soft part sarcoma chromosome region, candidate 1

The protein encoded by this gene contains a UBX domain and interacts with glucose transporter type 4 (GLUT4). This protein is a tether, which sequesters the GLUT4 in intracellular vesicles in muscle and fat cells in the absence of insulin, and redistributes the GLUT4 to the plasma membrane within minutes of insulin stimulation. Translocation t(X;17)(p11;q25) of this gene with transcription factor TFE3 gene results in a ASPSCR1-TFE3 fusion protein in alveolar soft part sarcoma and in renal cell carcinomas. Multiple alternatively spliced transcript variants have been found. [provided by RefSeq, Oct 2011]

chromosome 14 open reading frame 39

Involved in homologous chromosome pairing at meiosis. Predicted to be located in chromosome. Predicted to be active in central element. Implicated in primary ovarian insufficiency 18 and spermatogenic failure 52. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

chromosome 12 open reading frame 29 pseudogene

Chromosome 17p13.3 duplication syndrome

chromosome 2 open reading frame 27A pseudogene

chromosome 1 open reading frame 21

chromosome 12 open reading frame 73

Involved in mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase assembly and mitochondrial respiratory chain complex III assembly. Located in mitochondrion. Is active in mitochondrial inner membrane. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

chromosome 12 open reading frame 76

Predicted to be located in membrane. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

chromosome 6 open reading frame 203

Enables ribosomal large subunit binding activity and tRNA binding activity. Involved in regulation of mitochondrial transcription and rescue of stalled ribosome. Located in mitochondrial matrix. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

chromosome 2 open reading frame 27A pseudogene

Smith-Magenis syndrome chromosome region, candidate 8

Enables GTPase activator activity; protein kinase binding activity; and protein kinase inhibitor activity. Contributes to guanyl-nucleotide exchange factor activity. Involved in negative regulation of gene expression; regulation of TOR signaling; and regulation of macroautophagy. Located in Atg1/ULK1 kinase complex; chromatin; and nucleoplasm. Part of guanyl-nucleotide exchange factor complex. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

Smith-Magenis syndrome chromosome region, candidate 2 (non-protein coding)

Smith-Magenis syndrome chromosome region, candidate 5 (non-protein coding)

Smith-Magenis syndrome chromosome region, candidate 6 (non-protein coding)

chromosome 9 open reading frame 156

Enables tRNA (L-threonylcarbamoyladenosine(37)-C2) methyltransferase activity. Involved in tRNA methylation. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

chromosome 15 open reading frame 40 pseudogene

chromosome 9 open reading frame 153

chromosome 9 open reading frame 152

chromosome 14 open reading frame 2 pseudogene

chromosome 2 open reading frame 80

chromosome 2 open reading frame 88

Predicted to enable protein kinase A regulatory subunit binding activity. Predicted to be located in plasma membrane. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

chromosome 5 open reading frame 38

Predicted to be located in extracellular region. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

chromosome 5 open reading frame 30

This gene, MACIR (previously known as C5orf30), has been associated with rheumatoid arthritis, functioning as a negative regulator of tissue damage and modulating the activity of synovial fibroblasts and macrophages. The encoded protein is highly conserved in vertebrate genomes but has no significant similarity to any other human protein. [provided by RefSeq, Dec 2019]

chromosome 1 open reading frame 145

chromosome 1 open reading frame 146

Predicted to be involved in reciprocal meiotic recombination and synaptonemal complex assembly. Predicted to be active in chromosome. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

chromosome 1 open reading frame 141

chromosome 1 open reading frame 143

chromosome 3 open reading frame 22

chromosome X open reading frame 51B

chromosome X open reading frame 51A

regulator of chromosome condensation 2 pseudogene 1

regulator of chromosome condensation 2 pseudogene 2

regulator of chromosome condensation 2 pseudogene 3

regulator of chromosome condensation 2 pseudogene 4

regulator of chromosome condensation 2 pseudogene 5

regulator of chromosome condensation 2 pseudogene 6

regulator of chromosome condensation 2 pseudogene 7

regulator of chromosome condensation 2 pseudogene 8

chromosome 9 open reading frame 72

The protein encoded by this gene plays an important role in the regulation of endosomal trafficking, and has been shown to interact with Rab proteins that are involved in autophagy and endocytic transport. Expansion of a GGGGCC repeat from 2-22 copies to 700-1600 copies in the intronic sequence between alternate 5' exons in transcripts from this gene is associated with 9p-linked ALS (amyotrophic lateral sclerosis) and FTD (frontotemporal dementia) (PMID: 21944778, 21944779). Studies suggest that hexanucleotide expansions could result in the selective stabilization of repeat-containing pre-mRNA, and the accumulation of insoluble dipeptide repeat protein aggregates that could be pathogenic in FTD-ALS patients (PMID: 23393093). Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2016]

chromosome 16 open reading frame 89

This gene is expressed predominantly in the thyroid. Based on expression patterns similar to thyroid transcription factors and proteins, this gene may function in the development and function of the thyroid. Multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Oct 2011]

chromosome 16 open reading frame 82

chromosome 11 open reading frame 88

Predicted to be involved in axoneme assembly; flagellated sperm motility; and spermatogenesis. Predicted to be located in cilium and cytoplasm. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

chromosome 11 open reading frame 87

Predicted to be located in membrane. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

CSE1 chromosome segregation 1-like (yeast)

Proteins that carry a nuclear localization signal (NLS) are transported into the nucleus by the importin-alpha/beta heterodimer. Importin-alpha binds the NLS, while importin-beta mediates translocation through the nuclear pore complex. After translocation, RanGTP binds importin-beta and displaces importin-alpha. Importin-alpha must then be returned to the cytoplasm, leaving the NLS protein behind. The protein encoded by this gene binds strongly to NLS-free importin-alpha, and this binding is released in the cytoplasm by the combined action of RANBP1 and RANGAP1. In addition, the encoded protein may play a role both in apoptosis and in cell proliferation. Alternatively spliced transcript variants have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Jan 2012]

cat eye syndrome chromosome region, candidate 7 (non-protein coding)

chromosome 3 open reading frame 79

chromosome 12 open reading frame 71

chromosome 12 open reading frame 74

chromosome 12 open reading frame 75

chromosome 12 open reading frame 77

chromosome 12 open reading frame 79

chromosome 11 open reading frame 84

Involved in DNA damage response and negative regulation of DNA-templated transcription. Is active in nucleus and site of DNA damage. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

chromosome 11 open reading frame 85

Predicted to enable DNA binding activity. Predicted to be involved in homologous chromosome pairing at meiosis and meiotic attachment of telomere to nuclear envelope. Predicted to act upstream of or within double-strand break repair involved in meiotic recombination; oogenesis; and spermatogenesis. Predicted to be located in chromosome, telomeric region. Predicted to be active in nuclear inner membrane. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

chromosome 11 open reading frame 86

chromosome 11 open reading frame 80

Predicted to be involved in meiotic DNA double-strand break formation and reciprocal meiotic recombination. Predicted to be located in chromosome. Implicated in gestational trophoblastic neoplasm. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

chromosome 11 open reading frame 72

chromosome 19 open reading frame 33

The protein encoded by this gene has been shown to be upregulated in SV40-immortalized fibroblasts as well as in endometrial carcinoma cells. The encoded protein is found primarily in the nucleus. This protein may play a role in placental development and diseases such as pre-eclampsia. Two transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Dec 2015]

chromosome 19 open reading frame 38

Predicted to be located in membrane. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

chromosome 19 open reading frame 67

Predicted to act upstream of or within in utero embryonic development. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

chromosome 1 open reading frame 61

Involved in positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II. Predicted to be located in nucleus. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

chromosome 1 open reading frame 64

Enables nuclear estrogen receptor binding activity. Involved in positive regulation of intracellular estrogen receptor signaling pathway. Located in cytoplasm and nucleus. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

Chromosome Xp11.3 deletion syndrome

chromosome 7 open reading frame 73

Involved in mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase assembly. Located in mitochondrion. Is active in mitochondrial inner membrane. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

chromosome 7 open reading frame 72

Predicted to be involved in spermatogenesis. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

chromosome 7 open reading frame 71

chromosome 10 open reading frame 55

Enables identical protein binding activity. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

immunoglobulin heavy diversity orphans on chromosome 15