Harmonizome 3.0

From Nuclear Receptor Signaling Atlas

Proteins identified in complexes isolated from cultured cells

From Nuclear Receptor Signaling Atlas

Protein-protein interactions inferred from membership in complexes

toll-like receptor 10

The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the Toll-like receptor (TLR) family which plays a fundamental role in pathogen recognition and activation of innate immunity. TLRs are highly conserved from Drosophila to humans and share structural and functional similarities. They recognize pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) that are expressed on infectious agents, and mediate the production of cytokines necessary for the development of effective immunity. The various TLRs exhibit different patterns of expression. This gene is most highly expressed in lymphoid tissues such as spleen, lymph node, thymus, and tonsil. Multiple alternatively spliced transcript variants which encode different protein isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Aug 2010]

toll-like receptor adaptor molecule 1

This gene encodes an adaptor protein containing a Toll/interleukin-1 receptor (TIR) homology domain, which is an intracellular signaling domain that mediates protein-protein interactions between the Toll-like receptors (TLRs) and signal-transduction components. This protein is involved in native immunity against invading pathogens. It specifically interacts with toll-like receptor 3, but not with other TLRs, and this association mediates dsRNA induction of interferon-beta through activation of nuclear factor kappa-B, during an antiviral immune response. Mutations in this gene are associated with encephalopathy, acute, infection-induced. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2020]

toll-like receptor adaptor molecule 2

Enables molecular adaptor activity. Involved in several processes, including positive regulation of interleukin-18-mediated signaling pathway; regulation of cytokine production; and regulation of innate immune response. Located in endoplasmic reticulum; endosome; and phagocytic cup. Is active in endosome membrane. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

toll-like receptor 2

The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the Toll-like receptor (TLR) family which plays a fundamental role in pathogen recognition and activation of innate immunity. TLRs are highly conserved from Drosophila to humans and share structural and functional similarities. This protein is a cell-surface protein that can form heterodimers with other TLR family members to recognize conserved molecules derived from microorganisms known as pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs). Activation of TLRs by PAMPs leads to an up-regulation of signaling pathways to modulate the host's inflammatory response. This gene is also thought to promote apoptosis in response to bacterial lipoproteins. This gene has been implicated in the pathogenesis of several autoimmune diseases. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Jan 2016]

toll-like receptor 3

The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the Toll-like receptor (TLR) family which plays a fundamental role in pathogen recognition and activation of innate immunity. TLRs are highly conserved from Drosophila to humans and share structural and functional similarities. They recognize pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) that are expressed on infectious agents, and mediate the production of cytokines necessary for the development of effective immunity. The various TLRs exhibit different patterns of expression. This receptor is most abundantly expressed in placenta and pancreas, and is restricted to the dendritic subpopulation of the leukocytes. It recognizes dsRNA associated with viral infection, and induces the activation of NF-kappaB and the production of type I interferons. It thus plays a role in host defense against multiple viruses. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2021]

toll-like receptor 1

The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the Toll-like receptor (TLR) family which plays a fundamental role in pathogen recognition and activation of innate immunity. TLRs are highly conserved from Drosophila to humans and share structural and functional similarities. They recognize pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) that are expressed on infectious agents, and mediate the production of cytokines necessary for the development of effective immunity. The various TLRs exhibit different patterns of expression. This gene is ubiquitously expressed, and at higher levels than other TLR genes. Different length transcripts presumably resulting from use of alternative polyadenylation site, and/or from alternative splicing, have been noted for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

toll-like receptor 6

The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the Toll-like receptor (TLR) family which plays a fundamental role in pathogen recognition and activation of innate immunity. TLRs are highly conserved from Drosophila to humans and share structural and functional similarities. They recognize pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) that are expressed on infectious agents, and mediate the production of cytokines necessary for the development of effective immunity. The various TLRs exhibit different patterns of expression. This receptor functionally interacts with toll-like receptor 2 to mediate cellular response to bacterial lipoproteins. A Ser249Pro polymorphism in the extracellular domain of the encoded protein may be associated with an increased of asthma is some populations.[provided by RefSeq, Jan 2011]

toll-like receptor 7

The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the Toll-like receptor (TLR) family which plays a fundamental role in pathogen recognition and activation of innate immunity. TLRs are highly conserved from Drosophila to humans and share structural and functional similarities. The human TLR family comprises 11 members. They recognize pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) that are expressed on infectious agents, and mediate the production of cytokines necessary for the development of effective immunity. For the recognition of structural components in foreign microorganisms, the various TLRs exhibit different patterns of expression as well; in this way for example, TLR-3, -7, and -8 are essential in the recognition of single-stranded RNA viruses. TLR7 senses single-stranded RNA oligonucleotides containing guanosine- and uridine-rich sequences from RNA viruses, a recognition occuring in the endosomes of plasmacytoid dendritic cells and B cells. This gene is predominantly expressed in lung, placenta, and spleen, and is phylogenetically related and lies in close proximity to another family member, TLR8, on chromosome X. [provided by RefSeq, Aug 2020]

toll-like receptor 4

The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the Toll-like receptor (TLR) family which plays a fundamental role in pathogen recognition and activation of innate immunity. TLRs are highly conserved from Drosophila to humans and share structural and functional similarities. They recognize pathogen-associated molecular patterns that are expressed on infectious agents, and mediate the production of cytokines necessary for the development of effective immunity. The various TLRs exhibit different patterns of expression. In silico studies have found a particularly strong binding of surface TLR4 with the spike protein of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the causative agent of Coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19). This receptor has also been implicated in signal transduction events induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) found in most gram-negative bacteria. Mutations in this gene have been associated with differences in LPS responsiveness, and with susceptibility to age-related macular degeneration. Multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Aug 2020]

toll-like receptor 5

This gene encodes a member of the toll-like receptor (TLR) family, which plays a fundamental role in pathogen recognition and activation of innate immune responses. These receptors recognize distinct pathogen-associated molecular patterns that are expressed on infectious agents. The protein encoded by this gene recognizes bacterial flagellin, the principal component of bacterial flagella and a virulence factor. The activation of this receptor mobilizes the nuclear factor NF-kappaB, which in turn activates a host of inflammatory-related target genes. Mutations in this gene have been associated with both resistance and susceptibility to systemic lupus erythematosus, and susceptibility to Legionnaire disease.[provided by RefSeq, Dec 2009]

toll-like receptor 8

The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the Toll-like receptor (TLR) family which plays a fundamental role in pathogen recognition and activation of innate immunity. TLRs are highly conserved from Drosophila to humans and share structural and functional similarities. They recognize pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) that are expressed on infectious agents, and mediate the production of cytokines necessary for the development of effective immunity. The various TLRs exhibit different patterns of expression. This gene is predominantly expressed in lung and peripheral blood leukocytes, and lies in close proximity to another family member, TLR7, on chromosome X. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

toll-like receptor 9

The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the Toll-like receptor (TLR) family, which plays a fundamental role in pathogen recognition and activation of innate immunity. TLRs are highly conserved from Drosophila to humans and share structural and functional similarities. They recognize pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) that are expressed on infectious agents, and mediate the production of cytokines necessary for the development of effective immunity. Studies in mice and human indicate that this receptor mediates cellular response to unmethylated CpG dinucleotides in bacterial DNA to mount an innate immune response. [provided by RefSeq, Aug 2017]

toll-like receptor 12, pseudogene

Predicted to act upstream of or within defense response to protozoan. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

toll-like receptor 2 pseudogene

single immunoglobulin and toll-interleukin 1 receptor (TIR) domain

Involved in negative regulation of Toll signaling pathway. Located in membrane. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

toll-interleukin 1 receptor (TIR) domain containing adaptor protein

The innate immune system recognizes microbial pathogens through Toll-like receptors (TLRs), which identify pathogen-associated molecular patterns. Different TLRs recognize different pathogen-associated molecular patterns and all TLRs have a Toll-interleukin 1 receptor (TIR) domain, which is responsible for signal transduction. The protein encoded by this gene is a TIR adaptor protein involved in the TLR4 signaling pathway of the immune system. It activates NF-kappa-B, MAPK1, MAPK3 and JNK, which then results in cytokine secretion and the inflammatory response. Alternative splicing of this gene results in several transcript variants; however, not all variants have been fully described. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

toll interacting protein

This gene encodes a ubiquitin-binding protein that interacts with several Toll-like receptor (TLR) signaling cascade components. The encoded protein regulates inflammatory signaling and is involved in interleukin-1 receptor trafficking and in the turnover of IL1R-associated kinase. Several transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Jan 2016]

NMDA receptor synaptonuclear signaling and neuronal migration factor

The protein encoded by this gene is involved in guidance of olfactory axon projections and migration of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone neurons. Defects in this gene are a cause of idiopathic hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (IHH). Several transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, May 2010]

regulator of G-protein signaling like 1

Predicted to be located in membrane. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

germinal center-associated, signaling and motility-like

This gene encodes a protein thought to be a signaling molecule associated with germinal centers, the sites of proliferation and differentiation of mature B lymphocytes. Alternate splicing results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Aug 2013]

small G protein signaling modulator 3

Enables GTPase activator activity and small GTPase binding activity. Involved in several processes, including Rap protein signal transduction; positive regulation of GTPase activity; and regulation of Rab protein signal transduction. Located in cytosol. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

dickkopf WNT signaling pathway inhibitor 1

This gene encodes a member of the dickkopf family of proteins. Members of this family are secreted proteins characterized by two cysteine-rich domains that mediate protein-protein interactions. The encoded protein binds to the LRP6 co-receptor and inhibits beta-catenin-dependent Wnt signaling. This gene plays a role in embryonic development and may be important in bone formation in adults. Elevated expression of this gene has been observed in numerous human cancers and this protein may promote proliferation, invasion and growth in cancer cell lines. [provided by RefSeq, Sep 2017]

SRC kinase signaling inhibitor 1

Enables protein kinase binding activity. Involved in several processes, including postsynaptic actin cytoskeleton organization; regulation of protein tyrosine kinase activity; and substrate adhesion-dependent cell spreading. Located in actin cytoskeleton and cytoplasm. Is active in glutamatergic synapse. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

golgi-associated, olfactory signaling regulator

Predicted to be involved in sensory perception of smell. Predicted to act upstream of or within non-motile cilium assembly and protein localization to non-motile cilium. Predicted to be located in Golgi membrane. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

suppressor of cytokine signaling 5 pseudogene 5

regulator of G-protein signaling 4

Regulator of G protein signaling (RGS) family members are regulatory molecules that act as GTPase activating proteins (GAPs) for G alpha subunits of heterotrimeric G proteins. RGS proteins are able to deactivate G protein subunits of the Gi alpha, Go alpha and Gq alpha subtypes. They drive G proteins into their inactive GDP-bound forms. Regulator of G protein signaling 4 belongs to this family. All RGS proteins share a conserved 120-amino acid sequence termed the RGS domain. Regulator of G protein signaling 4 protein is 37% identical to RGS1 and 97% identical to rat Rgs4. This protein negatively regulate signaling upstream or at the level of the heterotrimeric G protein and is localized in the cytoplasm. Alternatively spliced transcript variants have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

regulator of G-protein signaling 5

This locus represents naturally occurring readthrough transcription between the neighboring LOC127814295 (uncharacterized LOC127814295) and RGS5 (regulator of G-protein signaling 5) genes on chromosome 1. Some variants of the readthrough transcript encode novel proteins with unique N-termini. [provided by RefSeq, Nov 2022]

regulator of G-protein signaling 6

This gene encodes a member of the RGS (regulator of G protein signaling) family of proteins, which are defined by the presence of a RGS domain that confers the GTPase-activating activity of these proteins toward certain G alpha subunits. This protein also belongs to a subfamily of RGS proteins characterized by the presence of DEP and GGL domains, the latter a G beta 5-interacting domain. The RGS proteins negatively regulate G protein signaling, and may modulate neuronal, cardiovascular, lymphocytic activities, and cancer risk. Many alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms with long or short N-terminal domains, complete or incomplete GGL domains, and distinct C-terminal domains, have been described for this gene, however, the full-length nature of some of these variants is not known.[provided by RefSeq, Mar 2011]

regulator of G-protein signaling 7

Enables G-protein alpha-subunit binding activity; G-protein beta-subunit binding activity; and GTPase activator activity. Involved in G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway; negative regulation of G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway; and positive regulation of GTPase activity. Located in cytosol. Is active in plasma membrane. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

regulator of G-protein signaling 1

This gene encodes a member of the regulator of G-protein signalling family. This protein is located on the cytosolic side of the plasma membrane and contains a conserved, 120 amino acid motif called the RGS domain. The protein attenuates the signalling activity of G-proteins by binding to activated, GTP-bound G alpha subunits and acting as a GTPase activating protein (GAP), increasing the rate of conversion of the GTP to GDP. This hydrolysis allows the G alpha subunits to bind G beta/gamma subunit heterodimers, forming inactive G-protein heterotrimers, thereby terminating the signal. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

regulator of G-protein signaling 2

Regulator of G protein signaling (RGS) family members are regulatory molecules that act as GTPase activating proteins (GAPs) for G alpha subunits of heterotrimeric G proteins. RGS proteins are able to deactivate G protein subunits of the Gi alpha, Go alpha and Gq alpha subtypes. They drive G proteins into their inactive GDP-bound forms. Regulator of G protein signaling 2 belongs to this family. The protein acts as a mediator of myeloid differentiation and may play a role in leukemogenesis. [provided by RefSeq, Aug 2009]

regulator of G-protein signaling 3

This gene encodes a member of the regulator of G-protein signaling (RGS) family. This protein is a GTPase-activating protein that inhibits G-protein-mediated signal transduction. Alternative splicing and the use of alternative promoters results in multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms. Long isoforms are largely cytosolic and plasma membrane-associated with a function in Wnt signaling and in the epithelial mesenchymal transition, while shorter N-terminally-truncated isoforms can be nuclear. [provided by RefSeq, Jan 2013]

regulator of G-protein signaling 8

This gene is a member of the regulator of G protein signaling (RGS) family and encodes a protein with a single RGS domain. Regulator of G protein signaling (RGS) proteins are regulatory and structural components of G protein-coupled receptor complexes. They accelerate transit through the cycle of GTP binding and hydrolysis to GDP, thereby terminating signal transduction, but paradoxically, also accelerate receptor-stimulated activation. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

regulator of G-protein signaling 9

This gene encodes a member of the RGS family of GTPase activating proteins that function in various signaling pathways by accelerating the deactivation of G proteins. This protein is anchored to photoreceptor membranes in retinal cells and deactivates G proteins in the rod and cone phototransduction cascades. Mutations in this gene result in bradyopsia. Multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene.[provided by RefSeq, Sep 2009]

small G protein signaling modulator 1 pseudogene

twisted gastrulation BMP signaling modulator 1

Enables transforming growth factor beta binding activity. Involved in negative regulation of CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell proliferation; negative regulation of cytokine production; and positive regulation of transmembrane receptor protein serine/threonine kinase signaling pathway. Predicted to be located in extracellular region. Predicted to be active in extracellular space. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

suppressor of cytokine signaling 6 pseudogene

signaling threshold regulating transmembrane adaptor 1

Enables kinase binding activity. Involved in regulation of T cell activation. Located in plasma membrane. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

dickkopf WNT signaling pathway inhibitor 4

This gene encodes a protein that is a member of the dickkopf family. The secreted protein contains two cysteine rich regions and is involved in embryonic development through its interactions with the Wnt signaling pathway. Activity of this protein is modulated by binding to the Wnt co-receptor and the co-factor kremen 2. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

dickkopf WNT signaling pathway inhibitor 3

This gene encodes a protein that is a member of the dickkopf family. The secreted protein contains two cysteine rich regions and is involved in embryonic development through its interactions with the Wnt signaling pathway. The expression of this gene is decreased in a variety of cancer cell lines and it may function as a tumor suppressor gene. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants encoding the same protein. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

regulator of G-protein signaling 16

The protein encoded by this gene belongs to the 'regulator of G protein signaling' family. It inhibits signal transduction by increasing the GTPase activity of G protein alpha subunits. It also may play a role in regulating the kinetics of signaling in the phototransduction cascade. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

regulator of G-protein signaling 17

This gene encodes a member of the regulator of G-protein signaling family. This protein contains a conserved, 120 amino acid motif called the RGS domain and a cysteine-rich region. The protein attenuates the signaling activity of G-proteins by binding to activated, GTP-bound G alpha subunits and acting as a GTPase activating protein (GAP), increasing the rate of conversion of the GTP to GDP. This hydrolysis allows the G alpha subunits to bind G beta/gamma subunit heterodimers, forming inactive G-protein heterotrimers, thereby terminating the signal. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

regulator of G-protein signaling 14

This gene encodes a member of the regulator of G-protein signaling family. This protein contains one RGS domain, two Raf-like Ras-binding domains (RBDs), and one GoLoco domain. The protein attenuates the signaling activity of G-proteins by binding, through its GoLoco domain, to specific types of activated, GTP-bound G alpha subunits. Acting as a GTPase activating protein (GAP), the protein increases the rate of conversion of the GTP to GDP. This hydrolysis allows the G alpha subunits to bind G beta/gamma subunit heterodimers, forming inactive G-protein heterotrimers, thereby terminating the signal. Alternate transcriptional splice variants of this gene have been observed but have not been thoroughly characterized. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

regulator of G-protein signaling 12

This gene encodes a member of the 'regulator of G protein signaling' (RGS) gene family. The encoded protein may function as a guanosine triphosphatase (GTPase)-activating protein as well as a transcriptional repressor. This protein may play a role in tumorigenesis. Multiple transcript variants encoding distinct isoforms have been identified for this gene. Other alternative splice variants have been described but their biological nature has not been determined. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

regulator of G-protein signaling 13

The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the regulator of G protein signaling (RGS) family. RGS family members share similarity with S. cerevisiae SST2 and C. elegans egl-10 proteins, which contain a characteristic conserved RGS domain. RGS proteins accelerate GTPase activity of G protein alpha-subunits, thereby driving G protein into their inactive GDP-bound form, thus negatively regulating G protein signaling. RGS proteins have been implicated in the fine tuning of a variety of cellular events in response to G protein-coupled receptor activation. The biological function of this gene, however, is unknown. Two transcript variants encoding the same isoform exist. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

regulator of G-protein signaling 10

Regulator of G protein signaling (RGS) family members are regulatory molecules that act as GTPase activating proteins (GAPs) for G alpha subunits of heterotrimeric G proteins. RGS proteins are able to deactivate G protein subunits of the Gi alpha, Go alpha and Gq alpha subtypes. They drive G proteins into their inactive GDP-bound forms. Regulator of G protein signaling 10 belongs to this family. All RGS proteins share a conserved 120-amino acid sequence termed the RGS domain. This protein associates specifically with the activated forms of the two related G-protein subunits, G-alphai3 and G-alphaz but fails to interact with the structurally and functionally distinct G-alpha subunits. Regulator of G protein signaling 10 protein is localized in the nucleus. Two transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

regulator of G-protein signaling 11

The protein encoded by this gene belongs to the RGS (regulator of G protein signaling) family. Members of the RGS family act as GTPase-activating proteins on the alpha subunits of heterotrimeric, signal-transducing G proteins. This protein inhibits signal transduction by increasing the GTPase activity of G protein alpha subunits, thereby driving them into their inactive GDP-bound form. Alternative splicing occurs at this locus and four transcript variants encoding distinct isoforms have been identified. [provided by RefSeq, Nov 2013]

regulator of G-protein signaling 18

This gene encodes a member of the regulator of G-protein signaling family. This protein is contains a conserved, 120 amino acid motif called the RGS domain. The protein attenuates the signaling activity of G-proteins by binding to activated, GTP-bound G alpha subunits and acting as a GTPase activating protein (GAP), increasing the rate of conversion of the GTP to GDP. This hydrolysis allows the G alpha subunits to bind G beta/gamma subunit heterodimers, forming inactive G-protein heterotrimers, thereby terminating the signal. Alternate transcriptional splice variants of this gene have been observed but have not been thoroughly characterized. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

regulator of G-protein signaling 19

G proteins mediate a number of cellular processes. The protein encoded by this gene belongs to the RGS (regulators of G-protein signaling) family and specifically interacts with G protein, GAI3. This protein is a guanosine triphosphatase-activating protein that functions to down-regulate Galpha i/Galpha q-linked signaling. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding the same protein isoform have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

TOR signaling pathway regulator

TIPRL is an inhibitory regulator of protein phosphatase-2A (PP2A) (see PPP2CA; MIM 176915), PP4 (see PPP4C; MIM 602035), and PP6 (see PPP6C; MIM 612725) (McConnell et al., 2007 [PubMed 17384681]).[supplied by OMIM, Nov 2010]

canopy FGF signaling regulator 4

Predicted to enable signaling receptor binding activity. Involved in positive regulation of protein localization to plasma membrane. Predicted to be located in extracellular region. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

canopy FGF signaling regulator 3

This gene encodes a protein that binds members of the toll-like receptor protein family and functions as a chaperone to aid in folding and export of these proteins. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. Naturally occuring readthrough transcription occurs between this locus and the downstream GNMT (glycine N-methyltransferase) gene and is represented with GeneID:107080644. [provided by RefSeq, Jan 2016]

canopy FGF signaling regulator 2

Predicted to be active in endoplasmic reticulum. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

canopy FGF signaling regulator 1

Cnpy1 is expressed in the midbrain-hindbrain (MHB) boundary in zebrafish, binds FGFR1 (MIM 136350), and plays a role in FGF signaling (Hirate and Okamoto, 2006 [PubMed 16488878]).[supplied by OMIM, Dec 2008]

suppressor of cytokine signaling 5 pseudogene 2

suppressor of cytokine signaling 5 pseudogene 3

suppressor of cytokine signaling 5 pseudogene 1

suppressor of cytokine signaling 5 pseudogene 4

agouti signaling protein

In mice, the agouti gene encodes a paracrine signaling molecule that causes hair follicle melanocytes to synthesize pheomelanin, a yellow pigment, instead of the black or brown pigment, eumelanin. Pleiotropic effects of constitutive expression of the mouse gene include adult-onset obesity, increased tumor susceptibility, and premature infertility. This gene is highly similar to the mouse gene and encodes a secreted protein that may (1) affect the quality of hair pigmentation, (2) act as a pharmacological antagonist of alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone, (3) play a role in neuroendocrine aspects of melanocortin action, and (4) have a functional role in regulating lipid metabolism in adipocytes. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

mitochondrial antiviral signaling protein

This gene encodes an intermediary protein necessary in the virus-triggered beta interferon signaling pathways. It is required for activation of transcription factors which regulate expression of beta interferon and contributes to antiviral innate immunity. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2020]

dickkopf WNT signaling pathway inhibitor 2

This gene encodes a protein that is a member of the dickkopf family. The secreted protein contains two cysteine rich regions and is involved in embryonic development through its interactions with the Wnt signaling pathway. It can act as either an agonist or antagonist of Wnt/beta-catenin signaling, depending on the cellular context and the presence of the co-factor kremen 2. Activity of this protein is also modulated by binding to the Wnt co-receptor LDL-receptor related protein 6 (LRP6). [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

suppressor of cytokine signaling 5 pseudogene

regulator of G-protein signaling 17 pseudogene 1

endoplasmic reticulum to nucleus signaling 2

Enables several functions, including ATP binding activity; magnesium ion binding activity; and protein serine/threonine kinase activity. Involved in several processes, including apoptotic chromosome condensation; negative regulation of DNA-templated transcription; and rRNA catabolic process. Located in cytosol and endoplasmic reticulum. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

endoplasmic reticulum to nucleus signaling 1

This gene encodes the transmembrane protein kinase inositol-requiring enzyme 1. The encoded protein contains two functional catalytic domains, a serine/threonine-protein kinase domain and an endoribonuclease domain. This protein functions as a sensor of unfolded proteins in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and triggers an intracellular signaling pathway termed the unfolded protein response (UPR). The UPR is an ER stress response that is conserved from yeast to mammals and activates genes involved in degrading misfolded proteins, regulating protein synthesis and activating molecular chaperones. This protein specifically mediates the splicing and activation of the stress response transcription factor X-box binding protein 1. [provided by RefSeq, Aug 2017]

regulator of G-protein signaling 7 binding protein

This gene encodes a protein that binds to all members of the R7 subfamily of regulators of G protein signaling and regulates their translocation between the nucleus and the plasma membrane. The encoded protein could be regulated by reversible palmitoylation, which anchors it to the plasma membrane. Depalmitoylation localizes the protein to the nucleus. Polymorphisms in this gene may be associated with risk of aspirin-exacerbated respiratory disease. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding multiple isoforms have been observed for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Dec 2012]

WNT1 inducible signaling pathway protein 2

This gene encodes a member of the WNT1 inducible signaling pathway (WISP) protein subfamily, which belongs to the connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) family. WNT1 is a member of a family of cysteine-rich, glycosylated signaling proteins that mediate diverse developmental processes. The CTGF family members are characterized by four conserved cysteine-rich domains: insulin-like growth factor-binding domain, von Willebrand factor type C module, thrombospondin domain and C-terminal cystine knot-like (CT) domain. The encoded protein lacks the CT domain which is implicated in dimerization and heparin binding. It is 72% identical to the mouse protein at the amino acid level. This gene may be downstream in the WNT1 signaling pathway that is relevant to malignant transformation. Its expression in colon tumors is reduced while the other two WISP members are overexpressed in colon tumors. It is expressed at high levels in bone tissue, and may play an important role in modulating bone turnover. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

WNT1 inducible signaling pathway protein 3

This gene encodes a member of the WNT1 inducible signaling pathway (WISP) protein subfamily, which belongs to the connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) family. WNT1 is a member of a family of cysteine-rich, glycosylated signaling proteins that mediate diverse developmental processes. The CTGF family members are characterized by four conserved cysteine-rich domains: insulin-like growth factor-binding domain, von Willebrand factor type C module, thrombospondin domain and C-terminal cystine knot-like domain. This gene is overexpressed in colon tumors. It may be downstream in the WNT1 signaling pathway that is relevant to malignant transformation. Mutations of this gene are associated with progressive pseudorheumatoid dysplasia, an autosomal recessive skeletal disorder, indicating that the gene is essential for normal postnatal skeletal growth and cartilage homeostasis. Multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

WNT1 inducible signaling pathway protein 1

This gene encodes a member of the WNT1 inducible signaling pathway (WISP) protein subfamily, which belongs to the connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) family. WNT1 is a member of a family of cysteine-rich, glycosylated signaling proteins that mediate diverse developmental processes. The CTGF family members are characterized by four conserved cysteine-rich domains: insulin-like growth factor-binding domain, von Willebrand factor type C module, thrombospondin domain and C-terminal cystine knot-like domain. This gene may be downstream in the WNT1 signaling pathway that is relevant to malignant transformation. It is expressed at a high level in fibroblast cells, and overexpressed in colon tumors. The encoded protein binds to decorin and biglycan, two members of a family of small leucine-rich proteoglycans present in the extracellular matrix of connective tissue, and possibly prevents the inhibitory activity of decorin and biglycan in tumor cell proliferation. It also attenuates p53-mediated apoptosis in response to DNA damage through activation of the Akt kinase. It is 83% identical to the mouse protein at the amino acid level. Multiple alternatively spliced transcript variants have been identified. [provided by RefSeq, Mar 2011]

WNT signaling pathway activating non-coding RNA

regulator of G protein signaling 9 binding protein

The protein encoded by this gene functions as a regulator of G protein-coupled receptor signaling in phototransduction. Studies in bovine and mouse show that this gene is expressed only in the retina, and is localized in the rod outer segment membranes. This protein is associated with a heterotetrameric complex, specifically interacting with the regulator of G-protein signaling 9, and appears to function as the membrane anchor for the other largely soluble interacting partners. Mutations in this gene are associated with prolonged electroretinal response suppression (PERRS), also known as bradyopsia. [provided by RefSeq, Mar 2010]

small G protein signaling modulator 2

The protein encoded by this gene is a GTPase activator with activity towards RAB32 and RAB33B, which are regulators of membrane trafficking. The encoded protein inactivates RAB32 and can bind RAB9A-GTP, a protein required for RAB32 activation. [provided by RefSeq, Oct 2016]

small G protein signaling modulator 1

Enables GTPase activator activity and small GTPase binding activity. Predicted to act upstream of or within positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II. Located in cytoplasmic vesicle membrane and cytosol. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

signaling lymphocytic activation molecule family member 1

Enables several functions, including SH2 domain binding activity; identical protein binding activity; and virus receptor activity. Involved in several processes, including negative regulation of CD40 signaling pathway; negative regulation of cytokine production; and positive regulation of MAPK cascade. Located in extracellular exosome. Is active in plasma membrane. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

regulator of G-protein signaling 22

Enables G-protein alpha-subunit binding activity. Predicted to be involved in negative regulation of signal transduction. Located in actin cytoskeleton; cytosol; and fibrillar center. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

regulator of G-protein signaling 21

Regulator of G protein signaling (RGS) proteins are regulatory and structural components of G protein-coupled receptor complexes. RGS proteins are GTPase-activating proteins for Gi (see GNAI1; MIM 139310) and Gq (see GNAQ; MIM 600998) class G-alpha proteins. They accelerate transit through the cycle of GTP binding and hydrolysis and thereby accelerate signaling kinetics and termination.[supplied by OMIM, Nov 2008]

regulator of G-protein signaling 20

The protein encoded by this gene belongs to the family of regulator of G protein signaling (RGS) proteins, which are regulatory and structural components of G protein-coupled receptor complexes. RGS proteins inhibit signal transduction by increasing the GTPase activity of G protein alpha subunits, thereby driving them into their inactive GDP-bound forms. This protein selectively binds to G(z)-alpha and G(alpha)-i2 subunits, and regulates their signaling activities. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Sep 2011]

suppressor of cytokine signaling 5

The protein encoded by this gene contains a SH2 domain and a SOCS BOX domain. The protein thus belongs to the suppressor of cytokine signaling (SOCS) family, also known as STAT-induced STAT inhibitor (SSI) protein family. SOCS family members are known to be cytokine-inducible negative regulators of cytokine signaling. The specific function of this protein has not yet been determined. Two alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding an identical protein have been reported. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

suppressor of cytokine signaling 4

The protein encoded by this gene contains a SH2 domain and a SOCS BOX domain. The protein thus belongs to the suppressor of cytokine signaling (SOCS), also known as STAT-induced STAT inhibitor (SSI), protein family. SOCS family members are known to be cytokine-inducible negative regulators of cytokine signaling. Two alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding the same protein have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

suppressor of cytokine signaling 7

Predicted to enable phosphorylation-dependent protein binding activity; signaling adaptor activity; and ubiquitin-like ligase-substrate adaptor activity. Predicted to be involved in insulin receptor signaling pathway; proteasome-mediated ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process; and regulation of neuron migration. Predicted to act upstream of or within brain development; fat cell differentiation; and protein ubiquitination. Located in cytosol. Is active in cytoplasm. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

suppressor of cytokine signaling 6

The protein encoded by this gene contains a SH2 domain and a CIS homolog domain. The protein thus belongs to the cytokine-induced STAT inhibitor (CIS), also known as suppressor of cytokine signaling (SOCS) or STAT-induced STAT inhibitor (SSI), protein family. CIS family members are known to be cytokine-inducible negative regulators of cytokine signaling. The expression of this gene can be induced by GM-CSF and EPO in hematopoietic cells. A high expression level of this gene was found in factor-independent chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) and erythroleukemia (HEL) cell lines. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

suppressor of cytokine signaling 1

This gene encodes a member of the STAT-induced STAT inhibitor (SSI), also known as suppressor of cytokine signaling (SOCS), family. SSI family members are cytokine-inducible negative regulators of cytokine signaling. The expression of this gene can be induced by a subset of cytokines, including IL2, IL3 erythropoietin (EPO), CSF2/GM-CSF, and interferon (IFN)-gamma. The protein encoded by this gene functions downstream of cytokine receptors, and takes part in a negative feedback loop to attenuate cytokine signaling. Knockout studies in mice suggested the role of this gene as a modulator of IFN-gamma action, which is required for normal postnatal growth and survival. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

suppressor of cytokine signaling 3

This gene encodes a member of the STAT-induced STAT inhibitor (SSI), also known as suppressor of cytokine signaling (SOCS), family. SSI family members are cytokine-inducible negative regulators of cytokine signaling. The expression of this gene is induced by various cytokines, including IL6, IL10, and interferon (IFN)-gamma. The protein encoded by this gene can bind to JAK2 kinase, and inhibit the activity of JAK2 kinase. Studies of the mouse counterpart of this gene suggested the roles of this gene in the negative regulation of fetal liver hematopoiesis, and placental development. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

suppressor of cytokine signaling 2

This gene encodes a member of the suppressor of cytokine signaling (SOCS) family. SOCS family members are cytokine-inducible negative regulators of cytokine receptor signaling via the Janus kinase/signal transducer and activation of transcription pathway (the JAK/STAT pathway). SOCS family proteins interact with major molecules of signaling complexes to block further signal transduction, in part, by proteasomal depletion of receptors or signal-transducing proteins via ubiquitination. The expression of this gene can be induced by a subset of cytokines, including erythropoietin, GM-CSF, IL10, interferon (IFN)-gamma and by cytokine receptors such as growth horomone receptor. The protein encoded by this gene interacts with the cytoplasmic domain of insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor (IGF1R) and is thought to be involved in the regulation of IGF1R mediated cell signaling. This gene has pseudogenes on chromosomes 20 and 22. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2012]

suppressor of cytokine signaling 2 pseudogene

G-protein signaling modulator 2

The protein encoded by this gene belongs to a family of proteins that modulate activation of G proteins, which transduce extracellular signals received by cell surface receptors into integrated cellular responses. The N-terminal half of this protein contains 10 copies of leu-gly-asn (LGN) repeat, and the C-terminal half contains 4 GoLoco motifs, which are involved in guanine nucleotide exchange. This protein may play a role in neuroblast division and in the development of normal hearing. Mutations in this gene are associated with autosomal recessive nonsyndromic deafness (DFNB82). Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Mar 2016]

G-protein signaling modulator 3

Predicted to enable GTPase regulator activity. Predicted to be involved in positive regulation of inflammatory response. Predicted to act upstream of or within positive regulation of cytokine production involved in inflammatory response and positive regulation of leukocyte chemotaxis. Predicted to be located in cytoplasm and plasma membrane. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

G-protein signaling modulator 1

G-protein signaling modulators (GPSMs) play diverse functional roles through their interaction with G-protein subunits. This gene encodes a receptor-independent activator of G protein signaling, which is one of several factors that influence the basal activity of G-protein signaling systems. The protein contains seven tetratricopeptide repeats in its N-terminal half and four G-protein regulatory (GPR) motifs in its C-terminal half. Multiple alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Dec 2011]

suppressor of cytokine signaling 6 pseudogene

germinal center-associated, signaling and motility

This gene encodes a protein which may function in signal transduction pathways and whose expression is elevated in germinal cell lymphomas. It contains a putative PDZ-interacting domain, an immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motif (ITAM), and two putative SH2 binding sites. In B cells, its expression is specifically induced by interleukin-4. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

sprouty homolog 1, antagonist of FGF signaling (Drosophila)

Involved in negative regulation of fibroblast growth factor receptor signaling pathway. Located in Golgi apparatus; cytosol; and nucleoplasm. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

suppressor of cytokine signaling 2 pseudogene 1

suppressor of cytokine signaling 2 pseudogene 2

adipose secreted signaling protein

Enables protein phosphatase 1 binding activity. Involved in positive regulation of non-canonical NF-kappaB signal transduction and positive regulation of transforming growth factor beta receptor signaling pathway. Predicted to be located in extracellular space. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

lncRNA induced by TGF-beta and antagonizes TGF-beta signaling 1

receptor tyrosine kinase-like orphan receptor 2

The protein encoded by this gene is a receptor protein tyrosine kinase and type I transmembrane protein that belongs to the ROR subfamily of cell surface receptors. The protein may be involved in the early formation of the chondrocytes and may be required for cartilage and growth plate development. Mutations in this gene can cause brachydactyly type B, a skeletal disorder characterized by hypoplasia/aplasia of distal phalanges and nails. In addition, mutations in this gene can cause the autosomal recessive form of Robinow syndrome, which is characterized by skeletal dysplasia with generalized limb bone shortening, segmental defects of the spine, brachydactyly, and a dysmorphic facial appearance. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

receptor tyrosine kinase-like orphan receptor 1

This gene encodes a receptor tyrosine kinase-like orphan receptor that modulates neurite growth in the central nervous system. The encoded protein is a glycosylated type I membrane protein that belongs to the ROR subfamily of cell surface receptors. It is a pseudokinase that lacks catalytic activity and may interact with the non-canonical Wnt signalling pathway. This gene is highly expressed during early embryonic development but expressed at very low levels in adult tissues. Increased expression of this gene is associated with B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukaemia. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms. [provided by RefSeq, Jun 2012]

G protein-coupled receptor 37 (endothelin receptor type B-like)

This gene is a member of the G protein-coupled receptor family. The encoded protein contains seven transmembrane domains and is found in cell and endoplasmic reticulum membranes. G protein-coupled receptors are involved in translating outside signals into G protein mediated intracellular effects. This gene product interacts with Parkin and is involved in juvenile Parkinson disease. [provided by RefSeq, Oct 2012]

killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptor 2DL4-like

low density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 8, apolipoprotein e receptor

This gene encodes a member of the low density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR) family. Low density lipoprotein receptors are cell surface proteins that play roles in both signal transduction and receptor-mediated endocytosis of specific ligands for lysosomal degradation. The encoded protein plays a critical role in the migration of neurons during development by mediating Reelin signaling, and also functions as a receptor for the cholesterol transport protein apolipoprotein E. Expression of this gene may be a marker for major depressive disorder. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding multiple isoforms have been observed for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Jun 2011]

nuclear receptor subfamily 3, group C, member 1 (glucocorticoid receptor)

This gene encodes glucocorticoid receptor, which can function both as a transcription factor that binds to glucocorticoid response elements in the promoters of glucocorticoid responsive genes to activate their transcription, and as a regulator of other transcription factors. This receptor is typically found in the cytoplasm, but upon ligand binding, is transported into the nucleus. It is involved in inflammatory responses, cellular proliferation, and differentiation in target tissues. Mutations in this gene are associated with generalized glucocorticoid resistance. Alternative splicing of this gene results in transcript variants encoding either the same or different isoforms. Additional isoforms resulting from the use of alternate in-frame translation initiation sites have also been described, and shown to be functional, displaying diverse cytoplasm-to-nucleus trafficking patterns and distinct transcriptional activities (PMID:15866175). [provided by RefSeq, Feb 2011]

melanocortin 1 receptor (alpha melanocyte stimulating hormone receptor)

This intronless gene encodes the receptor protein for melanocyte-stimulating hormone (MSH). The encoded protein, a seven pass transmembrane G protein coupled receptor, controls melanogenesis. Two types of melanin exist: red pheomelanin and black eumelanin. Gene mutations that lead to a loss in function are associated with increased pheomelanin production, which leads to lighter skin and hair color. Eumelanin is photoprotective but pheomelanin may contribute to UV-induced skin damage by generating free radicals upon UV radiation. Binding of MSH to its receptor activates the receptor and stimulates eumelanin synthesis. This receptor is a major determining factor in sun sensitivity and is a genetic risk factor for melanoma and non-melanoma skin cancer. Over 30 variant alleles have been identified which correlate with skin and hair color, providing evidence that this gene is an important component in determining normal human pigment variation. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

insulin receptor-related receptor

Enables transmembrane receptor protein tyrosine kinase activity. Involved in actin cytoskeleton organization; cellular response to alkaline pH; and protein autophosphorylation. Part of receptor complex. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

insulin-like growth factor 2 receptor

This gene encodes a receptor for both insulin-like growth factor 2 and mannose 6-phosphate. The binding sites for each ligand are located on different segments of the protein. This receptor has various functions, including in the intracellular trafficking of lysosomal enzymes, the activation of transforming growth factor beta, and the degradation of insulin-like growth factor 2. Mutation or loss of heterozygosity of this gene has been association with risk of hepatocellular carcinoma. The orthologous mouse gene is imprinted and shows exclusive expression from the maternal allele; however, imprinting of the human gene may be polymorphic, as only a minority of individuals showed biased expression from the maternal allele (PMID:8267611). [provided by RefSeq, Nov 2015]

IGF-like family receptor 1 pseudogene

olfactory receptor 4F6-like

leukocyte immunoglobulin-like receptor subfamily B member 3

coxsackievirus and adenovirus receptor-like

killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptor 3DL1

D(1B) dopamine receptor-like

tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 23-like

killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptor, three domains, X1

Predicted to be involved in immune response-regulating signaling pathway. Predicted to be located in extracellular region. Predicted to be active in plasma membrane. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

proline-rich receptor-like protein kinase PERK2

receptor-like tyrosine kinase

The protein encoded by this gene is an atypical member of the family of growth factor receptor protein tyrosine kinases, differing from other members at a number of conserved residues in the activation and nucleotide binding domains. This gene product belongs to a subfamily whose members do not appear to be regulated by phosphorylation in the activation segment. It has been suggested that mediation of biological activity by recruitment of a signaling-competent auxiliary protein may occur through an as yet uncharacterized mechanism. The encoded protein has a leucine-rich extracellular domain with a WIF-type Wnt binding region, a single transmembrane domain, and an intracellular tyrosine kinase domain. This protein is involved in stimulating Wnt signaling pathways such as the regulation of axon pathfinding. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants encoding distinct isoforms. [provided by RefSeq, Feb 2012]

Fc receptor-like 1

This gene encodes a member of the immunoglobulin receptor superfamily and is one of several Fc receptor-like glycoproteins clustered on the long arm of chromosome 1. The encoded protein contains three extracellular C2-like immunoglobulin domains, a transmembrane domain and a cytoplasmic domain with two immunoreceptor-tyrosine activation motifs. This protein may play a role in the regulation of cancer cell growth. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Apr 2009]

Fc receptor-like 2

This gene encodes a member of the immunoglobulin receptor superfamily and is one of several Fc receptor-like glycoproteins clustered on the long arm of chromosome 1. The encoded protein has four extracellular C2-type immunoglobulin domains, a transmembrane domain and a cytoplasmic domain that contains one immunoreceptor-tyrosine activation motif and two immunoreceptor-tyrosine inhibitory motifs. This protein may be a prognostic marker for chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Alternatively spliced transcript variants have been described, but their biological validity has not been determined. [provided by RefSeq, Apr 2009]

Fc receptor-like 3

This gene encodes a member of the immunoglobulin receptor superfamily and is one of several Fc receptor-like glycoproteins clustered on the long arm of chromosome 1. The encoded protein contains immunoreceptor-tyrosine activation motifs and immunoreceptor-tyrosine inhibitory motifs in its cytoplasmic domain and may play a role in regulation of the immune system. Mutations in this gene have been associated with rheumatoid arthritis, autoimmune thyroid disease, and systemic lupus erythematosus. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Feb 2016]

Fc receptor-like 4

This gene encodes a member of the immunoglobulin receptor superfamily and is one of several Fc receptor-like glycoproteins clustered on the long arm of chromosome 1. The encoded protein has four extracellular C2-type immunoglobulin domains, a transmembrane domain and a cytoplasmic domain that contains three immune-receptor tyrosine-based inhibitory motifs. This protein may play a role in the function of memory B-cells in the epithelia. Aberrations in the chromosomal region encoding this gene are associated with non-Hodgkin lymphoma and multiple myeloma. [provided by RefSeq, Apr 2009]

Fc receptor-like 6

Enables MHC class II protein binding activity and protein phosphatase binding activity. Predicted to be involved in cell surface receptor signaling pathway and immune response. Located in external side of plasma membrane. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

Fc receptor-like A

This gene encodes a protein similar to receptors for the Fc fragment of gamma immunoglobulin (IgG). These receptors, referred to as FCGRs, mediate the destruction of IgG-coated antigens and of cells induced by antibodies. This encoded protein is selectively expressed in B cells, and may be involved in their development. This protein may also be involved in the development of lymphomas. Multiple alternatively spliced transcript variants that encode different protein isoforms have been described for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Aug 2011]

Fc receptor-like B

FCRL2 belongs to the Fc receptor family. Fc receptors are involved in phagocytosis, antibody-dependent cell cytotoxicity, immediate hypersensitivity, and transcytosis of immunoglobulins via their ability to bind immunoglobulin (Ig) constant regions (Chikaev et al., 2005 [PubMed 15676285]).[supplied by OMIM, Mar 2008]

GDNF family receptor alpha like

Enables glial cell-derived neurotrophic factor receptor activity and receptor tyrosine kinase binding activity. Involved in GDF15-GFRAL signaling pathway; positive regulation of MAPK cascade; and positive regulation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B signal transduction. Located in several cellular components, including actin cytoskeleton; focal adhesion; and nucleoplasm. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells-like 3, pseudogene

TREML3 is located in a gene cluster on chromosome 6 with the single Ig variable (IgV) domain activating receptors TREM1 (MIM 605085) and TREM2 (MIM 605086), but it has distinct structural and functional properties (Allcock et al., 2003 [PubMed 12645956]).[supplied by OMIM, Mar 2008]

leukocyte immunoglobulin-like receptor subfamily B member 3

anthrax toxin receptor-like

Predicted to enable transmembrane signaling receptor activity. Predicted to be located in membrane. Predicted to be active in cell surface and plasma membrane. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

immunoglobulin-like domain containing receptor 2

Involved in negative regulation of T cell activation. Predicted to be located in tight junction. Predicted to be active in membrane. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

immunoglobulin-like domain containing receptor 1

This gene encodes a protein that contains an immunoglobulin-like domain. The encoded protein may function as a multimeric receptor at the cell surface. The expression of this gene may be a diagnostic marker for cancer progression. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding multiple protein isoforms have been observed for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Dec 2010]

chemokine (C-C motif) receptor-like 1 pseudogene

complement component (3b/4b) receptor 1-like

Acts upstream of or within regulation of complement activation and regulation of complement-dependent cytotoxicity. Part of receptor complex. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

osteoclast associated, immunoglobulin-like receptor

Osteoclasts are multinucleated cells that resorb bone and are essential for bone homeostasis. This gene encodes an osteoclast-associated receptor (OSCAR), which is a member of the leukocyte receptor complex protein family that plays critical roles in the regulation of both innate and adaptive immune responses. The encoded protein may play a role in oxidative stress-mediated atherogenesis as well as monocyte adhesion. Multiple alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Aug 2013]

D(1B) dopamine receptor-like

epidermal growth factor receptor pathway substrate 15-like 1

Enables cadherin binding activity. Predicted to be involved in endosomal transport and synaptic vesicle endocytosis. Located in membrane. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptor 2DL2

coagulation factor II (thrombin) receptor-like 3

This gene encodes a member of the protease-activated receptor subfamily, part of the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family of proteins. The encoded receptor is proteolytically processed to reveal an extracellular N-terminal tethered ligand that binds to and activates the receptor. This receptor plays a role in blood coagulation, inflammation and response to pain. Hypomethylation at this gene may be associated with lung cancer in human patients. [provided by RefSeq, Sep 2016]

coagulation factor II (thrombin) receptor-like 2

This gene encodes a member of the protease-activated receptor (PAR) family which is a subfamily of the seven transmembrane G protein-coupled cell surface receptor family. The encoded protein acts as a cofactor in the thrombin-mediated cleavage and activation of the protease-activated receptor family member PAR4. The encoded protein plays an essential role in hemostasis and thrombosis. Alternate splicing results in multiple transcript variants that encode different isoforms. [provided by RefSeq, Feb 2012]

coagulation factor II (thrombin) receptor-like 1

This gene encodes a member of the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family of proteins. The encoded cell surface receptor is activated through proteolytic cleavage of its extracellular amino terminus, resulting in a new amino terminus that acts as a tethered ligand that binds to an extracellular loop domain. Activation of the receptor has been shown to stimulate vascular smooth muscle relaxation, dilate blood vessels, increase blood flow, and lower blood pressure. This protein is also important in the inflammatory response, as well as innate and adaptive immunity. [provided by RefSeq, Jun 2016]

leukocyte-associated immunoglobulin-like receptor 1

The protein encoded by this gene is an inhibitory receptor found on peripheral mononuclear cells, including natural killer cells, T cells, and B cells. Inhibitory receptors regulate the immune response to prevent lysis of cells recognized as self. The gene is a member of both the immunoglobulin superfamily and the leukocyte-associated inhibitory receptor family. The gene maps to a region of 19q13.4 called the leukocyte receptor cluster, which contains at least 29 genes encoding leukocyte-expressed receptors of the immunoglobulin superfamily. The encoded protein has been identified as an anchor for tyrosine phosphatase SHP-1, and may induce cell death in myeloid leukemias. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Jan 2014]

leukocyte-associated immunoglobulin-like receptor 2

The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily. It was identified by its similarity to leukocyte-associated immunoglobulin-like receptor 1, a membrane-bound receptor that modulates innate immune response. The protein encoded by this locus is a soluble receptor that may play roles in both inhibition of collagen-induced platelet aggregation and vessel formation during placental implantation. This gene maps to a region of 19q13.4, termed the leukocyte receptor cluster, which contains 29 genes in the immunoglobulin superfamily. Alternatively spliced transcript variants have been described for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Sep 2013]

killer cell lectin-like receptor subfamily G, member 1

Natural killer (NK) cells are lymphocytes that can mediate lysis of certain tumor cells and virus-infected cells without previous activation. They can also regulate specific humoral and cell-mediated immunity. The protein encoded by this gene belongs to the killer cell lectin-like receptor (KLR) family, which is a group of transmembrane proteins preferentially expressed in NK cells. Studies in mice suggested that the expression of this gene may be regulated by MHC class I molecules. [provided by RefSeq, Jun 2016]

killer cell lectin-like receptor subfamily G, member 2

Predicted to enable carbohydrate binding activity. Predicted to be located in membrane. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

killer cell lectin-like receptor subfamily B, member 1

Natural killer (NK) cells are lymphocytes that mediate cytotoxicity and secrete cytokines after immune stimulation. Several genes of the C-type lectin superfamily, including the rodent NKRP1 family of glycoproteins, are expressed by NK cells and may be involved in the regulation of NK cell function. The KLRB1 protein contains an extracellular domain with several motifs characteristic of C-type lectins, a transmembrane domain, and a cytoplasmic domain. The KLRB1 protein is classified as a type II membrane protein because it has an external C terminus. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptor 2DS1

aryl hydrocarbon receptor nuclear translocator-like

The protein encoded by this gene is a basic helix-loop-helix protein that forms a heterodimer with CLOCK. This heterodimer binds E-box enhancer elements upstream of Period (PER1, PER2, PER3) and Cryptochrome (CRY1, CRY2) genes and activates transcription of these genes. PER and CRY proteins heterodimerize and repress their own transcription by interacting in a feedback loop with CLOCK/ARNTL complexes. Defects in this gene have been linked to infertility, problems with gluconeogenesis and lipogenesis, and altered sleep patterns. The protein regulates interferon-stimulated gene expression and is an important factor in viral infection, including COVID-19. [provided by RefSeq, Oct 2021]

killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptor, two domains, short cytoplasmic tail, 5

Killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIRs) are transmembrane glycoproteins expressed by natural killer cells and subsets of T cells. The KIR genes are polymorphic and highly homologous and they are found in a cluster on chromosome 19q13.4 within the 1 Mb leukocyte receptor complex (LRC). The gene content of the KIR gene cluster varies among haplotypes, although several `framework` genes are found in all haplotypes (KIR3DL3, KIR3DP1, KIR3DL4, KIR3DL2). The KIR proteins are classified by the number of extracellular immunoglobulin domains (2D or 3D) and by whether they have a long (L) or short (S) cytoplasmic domain. KIR proteins with the long cytoplasmic domain transduce inhibitory signals upon ligand binding via an immune tyrosine-based inhibitory motif (ITIM), while KIR proteins with the short cytoplasmic domain lack the ITIM motif and instead associate with the TYRO protein tyrosine kinase binding protein to transduce activating signals. The ligands for several KIR proteins are subsets of HLA class I molecules; thus, KIR proteins are thought to play an important role in regulation of the immune response. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptor, three domains, pseudogene

killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptor, two domains, short cytoplasmic tail, 2

Killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIRs) are transmembrane glycoproteins expressed by natural killer cells and subsets of T cells. The KIR genes are polymorphic and highly homologous and they are found in a cluster on chromosome 19q13.4 within the 1 Mb leukocyte receptor complex (LRC). The gene content of the KIR gene cluster varies among haplotypes, although several `framework` genes are found in all haplotypes (KIR3DL3, KIR3DP1, KIR3DL4, KIR3DL2). The KIR proteins are classified by the number of extracellular immunoglobulin domains (2D or 3D) and by whether they have a long (L) or short (S) cytoplasmic domain. KIR proteins with the long cytoplasmic domain transduce inhibitory signals upon ligand binding via an immune tyrosine-based inhibitory motif (ITIM), while KIR proteins with the short cytoplasmic domain lack the ITIM motif and instead associate with the TYRO protein tyrosine kinase binding protein to transduce activating signals. The ligands for several KIR proteins are subsets of HLA class I molecules; thus, KIR proteins are thought to play an important role in regulation of the immune response. This gene represents a haplotype-specific family member that encodes a protein with a short cytoplasmic tail. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Apr 2014]

leukocyte immunoglobulin-like receptor, subfamily A (with TM domain), member 2 pseudogene

calcitonin receptor-like

Enables adrenomedullin binding activity; adrenomedullin receptor activity; and calcitonin gene-related peptide receptor activity. Involved in several processes, including G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway; cellular response to sucrose stimulus; and receptor internalization. Located in several cellular components, including endoplasmic reticulum; endosome; and lysosome. Part of CGRP receptor complex and adrenomedullin receptor complex. Implicated in hereditary lymphedema. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

oxidized low density lipoprotein (lectin-like) receptor 1

This gene encodes a low density lipoprotein receptor that belongs to the C-type lectin superfamily. This gene is regulated through the cyclic AMP signaling pathway. The encoded protein binds, internalizes and degrades oxidized low-density lipoprotein. This protein may be involved in the regulation of Fas-induced apoptosis. This protein may play a role as a scavenger receptor. Mutations of this gene have been associated with atherosclerosis, risk of myocardial infarction, and may modify the risk of Alzheimer's disease. Alternate splicing results in multiple transcript variants.[provided by RefSeq, Feb 2010]

opioid growth factor receptor-like 1

Predicted to enable opioid growth factor receptor activity. Predicted to be located in membrane. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

interleukin 17 receptor E-like

Predicted to enable interleukin-17 receptor activity. Predicted to be involved in cytokine-mediated signaling pathway. Predicted to be located in extracellular region. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptor, three domains, long cytoplasmic tail, 1

Killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIRs) are transmembrane glycoproteins expressed by natural killer cells and subsets of T cells. The KIR genes are polymorphic and highly homologous and they are found in a cluster on chromosome 19q13.4 within the 1 Mb leukocyte receptor complex (LRC). The gene content of the KIR gene cluster varies among haplotypes, although several `framework` genes are found in all haplotypes (KIR3DL3, KIR3DP1, KIR3DL4, KIR3DL2). The KIR proteins are classified by the number of extracellular immunoglobulin domains (2D or 3D) and by whether they have a long (L) or short (S) cytoplasmic domain. KIR proteins with the long cytoplasmic domain transduce inhibitory signals upon ligand binding via an immune tyrosine-based inhibitory motif (ITIM), while KIR proteins with the short cytoplasmic domain lack the ITIM motif and instead associate with the TYRO protein tyrosine kinase binding protein to transduce activating signals. The ligands for several KIR proteins are subsets of HLA class I molecules; thus, KIR proteins are thought to play an important role in regulation of the immune response. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptor, three domains, long cytoplasmic tail, 2

Killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIRs) are transmembrane glycoproteins expressed by natural killer cells and subsets of T cells. The KIR genes are polymorphic and highly homologous and they are found in a cluster on chromosome 19q13.4 within the 1 Mb leukocyte receptor complex (LRC). The gene content of the KIR gene cluster varies among haplotypes, although several `framework` genes are found in all haplotypes (KIR3DL3, KIR3DP1, KIR3DL4, KIR3DL2). The KIR proteins are classified by the number of extracellular immunoglobulin domains (2D or 3D) and by whether they have a long (L) or short (S) cytoplasmic domain. KIR proteins with the long cytoplasmic domain transduce inhibitory signals upon ligand binding via an immune tyrosine-based inhibitory motif (ITIM), while KIR proteins with the short cytoplasmic domain lack the ITIM motif and instead associate with the TYRO protein tyrosine kinase binding protein to transduce activating signals. The ligands for several KIR proteins are subsets of HLA class I molecules; thus, KIR proteins are thought to play an important role in regulation of the immune response. This gene is one of the `framework` loci that is present on all haplotypes. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding multiple isoforms have been observed for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Jun 2011]

killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptor, three domains, long cytoplasmic tail, 3

Killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIRs) are transmembrane glycoproteins expressed by natural killer cells and subsets of T cells. The KIR genes are polymorphic and highly homologous and they are found in a cluster on chromosome 19q13.4 within the 1 Mb leukocyte receptor complex (LRC). The gene content of the KIR gene cluster varies among haplotypes, although several `framework` genes are found in all haplotypes (KIR3DL3, KIR3DP1, KIR3DL4, KIR3DL2). The KIR proteins are classified by the number of extracellular immunoglobulin domains (2D or 3D) and by whether they have a long (L) or short (S) cytoplasmic domain. KIR proteins with the long cytoplasmic domain transduce inhibitory signals upon ligand binding via an immune tyrosine-based inhibitory motif (ITIM), while KIR proteins with the short cytoplasmic domain lack the ITIM motif and instead associate with the TYRO protein tyrosine kinase binding protein to transduce activating signals. The ligands for several KIR proteins are subsets of HLA class I molecules; thus, KIR proteins are thought to play an important role in regulation of the immune response. This gene is one of the `framework` loci that is present on all haplotypes. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

low density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 5-like

leukocyte immunoglobulin-like receptor pseudogene 1

leukocyte immunoglobulin-like receptor pseudogene 2

D(1B) dopamine receptor-like

leukocyte immunoglobulin-like receptor subfamily B member 3

platelet-derived growth factor receptor-like

This gene encodes a protein with significant sequence similarity to the ligand binding domain of platelet-derived growth factor receptor beta. Mutations in this gene, or deletion of a chromosomal segment containing this gene, are associated with sporadic hepatocellular carcinomas, colorectal cancers, and non-small cell lung cancers. This suggests this gene product may function as a tumor suppressor. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells-like 5, pseudogene

killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptor 2DS3 allele 0020101

olfactory receptor 11G2-like

GABA(A) receptor-associated protein-like 2 pseudogene

olfactory receptor 4S2-like

platelet endothelial aggregation receptor 1-like

proline-rich receptor-like protein kinase PERK2

scavenger receptor class F member 2-like

reticulon 4 receptor-like 1

Enables signaling receptor activity. Predicted to be involved in negative regulation of axon regeneration. Located in cell surface and plasma membrane. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

reticulon 4 receptor-like 2

Enables signaling receptor activity. Predicted to be involved in cell surface receptor signaling pathway; corpus callosum development; and negative regulation of neuron projection development. Located in cell surface and plasma membrane. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptor, two domains, short cytoplasmic tail, 4

Killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIRs) are transmembrane glycoproteins expressed by natural killer cells and subsets of T cells. The KIR genes are polymorphic and highly homologous and they are found in a cluster on chromosome 19q13.4 within the 1 Mb leukocyte receptor complex (LRC). The gene content of the KIR gene cluster varies among haplotypes, although several `framework` genes are found in all haplotypes (KIR3DL3, KIR3DP1, KIR3DL4, KIR3DL2). The KIR proteins are classified by the number of extracellular immunoglobulin domains (2D or 3D) and by whether they have a long (L) or short (S) cytoplasmic domain. KIR proteins with the long cytoplasmic domain transduce inhibitory signals upon ligand binding via an immune tyrosine-based inhibitory motif (ITIM), while KIR proteins with the short cytoplasmic domain lack the ITIM motif and instead associate with the TYRO protein tyrosine kinase binding protein to transduce activating signals. The ligands for several KIR proteins are subsets of HLA class I molecules; thus, KIR proteins are thought to play an important role in regulation of the immune response. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptor, two domains, short cytoplasmic tail, 3

Killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIRs) are transmembrane glycoproteins expressed by natural killer cells and subsets of T cells. The KIR genes are polymorphic and highly homologous and they are found in a cluster on chromosome 19q13.4 within the 1 Mb leukocyte receptor complex (LRC). The gene content of the KIR gene cluster varies among haplotypes, although several `framework` genes are found in all haplotypes (KIR3DL3, KIR3DP1, KIR3DL4, KIR3DL2). The KIR proteins are classified by the number of extracellular immunoglobulin domains (2D or 3D) and by whether they have a long (L) or short (S) cytoplasmic domain. KIR proteins with the long cytoplasmic domain transduce inhibitory signals upon ligand binding via an immune tyrosine-based inhibitory motif (ITIM), while KIR proteins with the short cytoplasmic domain lack the ITIM motif and instead associate with the TYRO protein tyrosine kinase binding protein to transduce activating signals. The ligands for several KIR proteins are subsets of HLA class I molecules; thus, KIR proteins are thought to play an important role in regulation of the immune response. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptor, two domains, short cytoplasmic tail, 1

Killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIRs) are transmembrane glycoproteins expressed by natural killer cells and subsets of T cells. The KIR genes are polymorphic and highly homologous and they are found in a cluster on chromosome 19q13.4 within the 1 Mb leukocyte receptor complex (LRC). The gene content of the KIR gene cluster varies among haplotypes, although several `framework` genes are found in all haplotypes (KIR3DL3, KIR3DP1, KIR3DL4, KIR3DL2). The KIR proteins are classified by the number of extracellular immunoglobulin domains (2D or 3D) and by whether they have a long (L) or short (S) cytoplasmic domain. KIR proteins with the long cytoplasmic domain transduce inhibitory signals upon ligand binding via an immune tyrosine-based inhibitory motif (ITIM), while KIR proteins with the short cytoplasmic domain lack the ITIM motif and instead associate with the TYRO protein tyrosine kinase binding protein to transduce activating signals. The ligands for several KIR proteins are subsets of HLA class I molecules; thus, KIR proteins are thought to play an important role in regulation of the immune response. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

coxsackievirus and adenovirus receptor-like

killer cell lectin-like receptor subfamily A pseudogene 1

ephrin type-B receptor 6-like

relaxin/insulin-like family peptide receptor 3 pseudogene

MAS1 proto-oncogene like, G protein-coupled receptor pseudogene

MAS1 proto-oncogene like, G protein-coupled receptor pseudogene

MAS1 proto-oncogene like, G protein-coupled receptor pseudogene

MAS1 proto-oncogene like, G protein-coupled receptor pseudogene

MAS1 proto-oncogene like, G protein-coupled receptor pseudogene

MAS1 proto-oncogene like, G protein-coupled receptor pseudogene

MAS1 proto-oncogene like, G protein-coupled receptor pseudogene

MAS1 proto-oncogene like, G protein-coupled receptor pseudogene

cytokine receptor-like factor 3 pseudogene

inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor interacting protein-like 2

Predicted to be located in membrane. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor interacting protein-like 1

Enables receptor ligand activity. Involved in negative regulation of T cell receptor signaling pathway. Located in membrane. Is active in plasma membrane. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

cytokine receptor-like factor 3 pseudogene

macrophage receptor MARCO-like

Predicted to be an extracellular matrix structural constituent conferring tensile strength. Predicted to be involved in extracellular matrix organization. Predicted to be active in collagen-containing extracellular matrix and extracellular space. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

anthrax toxin receptor-like pseudogene 1

aryl hydrocarbon receptor interacting protein-like 1

Leber congenital amaurosis (LCA) is the most severe inherited retinopathy with the earliest age of onset and accounts for at least 5% of all inherited retinal diseases. Affected individuals are diagnosed at birth or in the first few months of life with nystagmus, severely impaired vision or blindness and an abnormal or flat electroretinogram. The photoreceptor/pineal-expressed gene, AIPL1, encoding aryl-hydrocarbon interacting protein-like 1, is located within the LCA4 candidate region. The encoded protein contains three tetratricopeptide motifs, consistent with chaperone or nuclear transport activity. Mutations in this gene may cause approximately 20% of recessive LCA. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Jan 2014]

triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 1-like

killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptor, three domains, short cytoplasmic tail, 1

Killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIRs) are transmembrane glycoproteins expressed by natural killer cells and subsets of T cells. The KIR genes are polymorphic and highly homologous and they are found in a cluster on chromosome 19q13.4 within the 1 Mb leukocyte receptor complex (LRC). The gene content of the KIR gene cluster varies among haplotypes, although several `framework` genes are found in all haplotypes (KIR3DL3, KIR3DP1, KIR3DL4, KIR3DL2). The KIR proteins are classified by the number of extracellular immunoglobulin domains (2D or 3D) and by whether they have a long (L) or short (S) cytoplasmic domain. KIR proteins with the long cytoplasmic domain transduce inhibitory signals upon ligand binding via an immune tyrosine-based inhibitory motif (ITIM), while KIR proteins with the short cytoplasmic domain lack the ITIM motif and instead associate with the TYRO protein tyrosine kinase binding protein to transduce activating signals. The ligands for several KIR proteins are subsets of HLA class I molecules; thus, KIR proteins are thought to play an important role in regulation of the immune response. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Aug 2013]

triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells-like 2

TREML2 is located in a gene cluster on chromosome 6 with the single Ig variable (IgV) domain activating receptors TREM1 (MIM 605085) and TREM2 (MIM 605086), but it has distinct structural and functional properties (Allcock et al., 2003 [PubMed 12645956]).[supplied by OMIM, Mar 2008]

triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells-like 1

This gene encodes a member of the triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells-like (TREM) family. The encoded protein is a type 1 single Ig domain orphan receptor localized to the alpha-granule membranes of platelets. The encoded protein is involved in platelet aggregation, inflammation, and cellular activation and has been linked to Gray platelet syndrome. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants [provided by RefSeq, Nov 2012]

triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells-like 4

Predicted to enable signaling receptor activity. Involved in positive regulation of toll-like receptor 7 signaling pathway. Predicted to be located in endoplasmic reticulum; endosome membrane; and lysosomal membrane. Predicted to be active in cell surface. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

scavenger receptor class F member 2-like

glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 2D-like

glucose-dependent insulinotropic receptor-like

activin A receptor type II-like 1

This gene encodes a type I cell-surface receptor for the TGF-beta superfamily of ligands. It shares with other type I receptors a high degree of similarity in serine-threonine kinase subdomains, a glycine- and serine-rich region (called the GS domain) preceding the kinase domain, and a short C-terminal tail. The encoded protein, sometimes termed ALK1, shares similar domain structures with other closely related ALK or activin receptor-like kinase proteins that form a subfamily of receptor serine/threonine kinases. Mutations in this gene are associated with hemorrhagic telangiectasia type 2, also known as Rendu-Osler-Weber syndrome 2. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

leukocyte immunoglobulin-like receptor subfamily B member 3

aryl hydrocarbon receptor nuclear translocator-like 2

This gene encodes a basic helix-loop-helix transcription factor belonging to the PAS (PER, ARNT, SIM) superfamily. The PAS proteins play important roles in adaptation to low atmospheric and cellular oxygen levels, exposure to certain environmental pollutants, and diurnal oscillations in light and temperature. This protein forms a transcriptionally active heterodimer with the circadian CLOCK protein, the structurally related MOP4, and hypoxia-inducible factors, such as HIF1alpha. Consistent with its role as a biologically relevant partner of circadian and hypoxia factors, this protein is coexpressed in regions of the brain such as the thalamus, hypothalamus, and amygdala. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been described for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Oct 2011]

tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 20-like

leukocyte immunoglobulin-like receptor, subfamily A (with TM domain), member 6 pseudogene

leukocyte immunoglobulin-like receptor subfamily B member 3

bombesin-like receptor 3

The protein encoded by this gene is a G protein-coupled membrane receptor that binds bombesin-like peptides. This binding results in activation of a phosphatidylinositol-calcium second messenger system, with physiological effects including regulation of metabolic rate, glucose metabolism, and hypertension. [provided by RefSeq, Sep 2011]

killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptor, two domains, long cytoplasmic tail, 5B

Killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIRs) are transmembrane glycoproteins expressed by natural killer cells and subsets of T cells. The KIR genes are polymorphic and highly homologous and they are found in a cluster on chromosome 19q13.4 within the 1 Mb leukocyte receptor complex (LRC). The gene content of the KIR gene cluster varies among haplotypes, although several `framework` genes are found in all haplotypes (KIR3DL3, KIR3DP1, KIR3DL4, KIR3DL2). The KIR proteins are classified by the number of extracellular immunoglobulin domains (2D or 3D) and by whether they have a long (L) or short (S) cytoplasmic domain. KIR proteins with the long cytoplasmic domain transduce inhibitory signals upon ligand binding via an immune tyrosine-based inhibitory motif (ITIM), while KIR proteins with the short cytoplasmic domain lack the ITIM motif and instead associate with the TYRO protein tyrosine kinase binding protein to transduce activating signals. The ligands for several KIR proteins are subsets of HLA class I molecules; thus, KIR proteins are thought to play an important role in regulation of the immune response. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptor, two domains, long cytoplasmic tail, 5A

Killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIRs) are transmembrane glycoproteins expressed by natural killer cells and subsets of T cells. The KIR genes are polymorphic and highly homologous and they are found in a cluster on chromosome 19q13.4 within the 1 Mb leukocyte receptor complex (LRC). The gene content of the KIR gene cluster varies among haplotypes, although several `framework` genes are found in all haplotypes (KIR3DL3, KIR3DP1, KIR3DL4, KIR3DL2). The KIR proteins are classified by the number of extracellular immunoglobulin domains (2D or 3D) and by whether they have a long (L) or short (S) cytoplasmic domain. KIR proteins with the long cytoplasmic domain transduce inhibitory signals upon ligand binding via an immune tyrosine-based inhibitory motif (ITIM), while KIR proteins with the short cytoplasmic domain lack the ITIM motif and instead associate with the TYRO protein tyrosine kinase binding protein to transduce activating signals. The ligands for several KIR proteins are subsets of HLA class I molecules; thus, KIR proteins are thought to play an important role in regulation of the immune response. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

Fc receptor-like 5

This gene encodes a member of the immunoglobulin receptor superfamily and the Fc-receptor like family. This gene and several other Fc receptor-like gene members are clustered on the long arm of chromosome 1. The encoded protein is a single-pass type I membrane protein and contains 8 immunoglobulin-like C2-type domains. This gene is implicated in B cell development and lymphomagenesis. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been identified. [provided by RefSeq, Sep 2010]

opiate receptor-like 1

The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the 7 transmembrane-spanning G protein-coupled receptor family, and functions as a receptor for the endogenous, opioid-related neuropeptide, nociceptin/orphanin FQ. This receptor-ligand system modulates a variety of biological functions and neurobehavior, including stress responses and anxiety behavior, learning and memory, locomotor activity, and inflammatory and immune responses. A promoter region between this gene and the 5'-adjacent RGS19 (regulator of G-protein signaling 19) gene on the opposite strand functions bi-directionally as a core-promoter for both genes, suggesting co-operative transcriptional regulation of these two functionally related genes. Alternatively spliced transcript variants have been described for this gene. A recent study provided evidence for translational readthrough in this gene, and expression of an additional C-terminally extended isoform via the use of an alternative in-frame translation termination codon. [provided by RefSeq, Dec 2017]

leukocyte immunoglobulin-like receptor, subfamily B (with TM and ITIM domains), member 5

This gene is a member of the leukocyte immunoglobulin-like receptor (LIR) family, which is found in a gene cluster at chromosomal region 19q13.4. The encoded protein belongs to the subfamily B class of LIR receptors which contain two or four extracellular immunoglobulin domains, a transmembrane domain, and two to four cytoplasmic immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibitory motifs (ITIMs). Several other LIR subfamily B receptors are expressed on immune cells where they bind to MHC class I molecules on antigen-presenting cells and inhibit stimulation of an immune response. Multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

leukocyte immunoglobulin-like receptor, subfamily B (with TM and ITIM domains), member 4

This gene is a member of the leukocyte immunoglobulin-like receptor (LIR) family, which is found in a gene cluster at chromosomal region 19q13.4. The encoded protein belongs to the subfamily B class of LIR receptors which contain two or four extracellular immunoglobulin domains, a transmembrane domain, and two to four cytoplasmic immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibitory motifs (ITIMs). The receptor is expressed on immune cells where it binds to MHC class I molecules on antigen-presenting cells and transduces a negative signal that inhibits stimulation of an immune response. The receptor can also function in antigen capture and presentation. It is thought to control inflammatory responses and cytotoxicity to help focus the immune response and limit autoreactivity. Multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

leukocyte immunoglobulin-like receptor, subfamily B (with TM and ITIM domains), member 3

This gene is a member of the leukocyte immunoglobulin-like receptor (LIR) family, which is found in a gene cluster at chromosomal region 19q13.4. The encoded protein belongs to the subfamily B class of LIR receptors which contain two or four extracellular immunoglobulin domains, a transmembrane domain, and two to four cytoplasmic immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibitory motifs (ITIMs). The receptor is expressed on immune cells where it binds to MHC class I molecules on antigen-presenting cells and transduces a negative signal that inhibits stimulation of an immune response. It is thought to control inflammatory responses and cytotoxicity to help focus the immune response and limit autoreactivity. Multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

leukocyte immunoglobulin-like receptor, subfamily B (with TM and ITIM domains), member 2

This gene is a member of the leukocyte immunoglobulin-like receptor (LIR) family, which is found in a gene cluster at chromosomal region 19q13.4. The encoded protein belongs to the subfamily B class of LIR receptors which contain two or four extracellular immunoglobulin domains, a transmembrane domain, and two to four cytoplasmic immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibitory motifs (ITIMs). The receptor is expressed on immune cells where it binds to MHC class I molecules on antigen-presenting cells and transduces a negative signal that inhibits stimulation of an immune response. It is thought to control inflammatory responses and cytotoxicity to help focus the immune response and limit autoreactivity. Multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

leukocyte immunoglobulin-like receptor, subfamily B (with TM and ITIM domains), member 1

This gene is a member of the leukocyte immunoglobulin-like receptor (LIR) family, which is found in a gene cluster at chromosomal region 19q13.4. The encoded protein belongs to the subfamily B class of LIR receptors which contain two or four extracellular immunoglobulin domains, a transmembrane domain, and two to four cytoplasmic immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibitory motifs (ITIMs). The receptor is expressed on immune cells where it binds to MHC class I molecules on antigen-presenting cells and transduces a negative signal that inhibits stimulation of an immune response. It is thought to control inflammatory responses and cytotoxicity to help focus the immune response and limit autoreactivity. Multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

putative vomeronasal receptor-like protein 4

ligand dependent nuclear receptor corepressor-like

This gene encodes a transcription factor that appears to function in spermatogenesis. Polymorphisms in this gene are associated with measures of skeletal frame size and adult height. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Oct 2009]

killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptor 2DS1

cytokine receptor-like factor 3 pseudogene

olfactory receptor 11G2-like

taste receptor type 1 member 2-like

killer cell lectin-like receptor subfamily D, member 1

Natural killer (NK) cells are a distinct lineage of lymphocytes that mediate cytotoxic activity and secrete cytokines upon immune stimulation. Several genes of the C-type lectin superfamily, including members of the NKG2 family, are expressed by NK cells and may be involved in the regulation of NK cell function. KLRD1 (CD94) is an antigen preferentially expressed on NK cells and is classified as a type II membrane protein because it has an external C terminus. Several transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, May 2017]

mast cell immunoglobulin-like receptor 1

Predicted to enable transmembrane signaling receptor activity. Predicted to be involved in cell surface receptor signaling pathway; mast cell degranulation; and negative regulation of mast cell activation. Predicted to be located in plasma membrane. Predicted to be active in external side of plasma membrane. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

chemokine (C-C motif) receptor-like 2

This gene encodes a chemokine receptor like protein, which is predicted to be a seven transmembrane protein and most closely related to CCR1. Chemokines and their receptors mediated signal transduction are critical for the recruitment of effector immune cells to the site of inflammation. This gene is expressed at high levels in primary neutrophils and primary monocytes, and is further upregulated on neutrophil activation and during monocyte to macrophage differentiation. The function of this gene is unknown. This gene is mapped to the region where the chemokine receptor gene cluster is located. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

Fc receptor-like protein 2

CD200 receptor 1-like

Predicted to enable signaling receptor activity. Predicted to be involved in regulation of neuroinflammatory response. Predicted to be located in membrane. Predicted to be active in external side of plasma membrane. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

killer cell lectin-like receptor subfamily K, member 1

Natural killer (NK) cells are lymphocytes that can mediate lysis of certain tumor cells and virus-infected cells without previous activation. They can also regulate specific humoral and cell-mediated immunity. NK cells preferentially express several calcium-dependent (C-type) lectins, which have been implicated in the regulation of NK cell function. The NKG2 gene family is located within the NK complex, a region that contains several C-type lectin genes preferentially expressed in NK cells. This gene encodes a member of the NKG2 family. The encoded transmembrane protein is characterized by a type II membrane orientation (has an extracellular C terminus) and the presence of a C-type lectin domain. It binds to a diverse family of ligands that include MHC class I chain-related A and B proteins and UL-16 binding proteins, where ligand-receptor interactions can result in the activation of NK and T cells. The surface expression of these ligands is important for the recognition of stressed cells by the immune system, and thus this protein and its ligands are therapeutic targets for the treatment of immune diseases and cancers. Read-through transcription exists between this gene and the upstream KLRC4 (killer cell lectin-like receptor subfamily C, member 4) family member in the same cluster. [provided by RefSeq, Dec 2010]

MAS1 proto-oncogene like, G protein-coupled receptor pseudogene

MAS1 proto-oncogene like, G protein-coupled receptor pseudogene

relaxin/insulin-like family peptide receptor 1

This gene encodes a member of the leucine-rich repeat-containing subgroup of the G protein-coupled 7-transmembrane receptor superfamily. The encoded protein plays a critical role in sperm motility, pregnancy and parturition as a receptor for the protein hormone relaxin. Decreased expression of this gene may play a role in endometriosis. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding multiple isoforms have been observed for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Dec 2011]

relaxin/insulin-like family peptide receptor 3

Predicted to enable G protein-coupled peptide receptor activity. Involved in positive regulation of cytokinesis. Predicted to be located in membrane. Predicted to be active in plasma membrane. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

relaxin/insulin-like family peptide receptor 2

This gene encodes a member of the GPCR (G protein-coupled, 7-transmembrane receptor) family. Mutations in this gene are associated with cryptorchidism. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene.[provided by RefSeq, Oct 2009]

relaxin/insulin-like family peptide receptor 4

GPR100 is a member of the rhodopsin family of G protein-coupled receptors (GPRs) (Fredriksson et al., 2003 [PubMed 14623098]).[supplied by OMIM, Mar 2008]

thyroid stimulating hormone receptor-like 1

leukocyte immunoglobulin-like receptor, subfamily A (with TM domain), member 6

Predicted to be involved in immune response-regulating signaling pathway. Predicted to be located in membrane. Predicted to be active in plasma membrane. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

leukocyte immunoglobulin-like receptor, subfamily A (with TM domain), member 4

This gene encodes an immunoglobulin-like cell surface protein that is expressed predominantly on plasmacytoid dendritic cells (PDCs) and modulates the function of these cells in the immune response. Expression of this gene is downregulated by interleukin 3 (IL3). This gene is one of a cluster of highly related genes located at chromosomal region 19q13.4. [provided by RefSeq, Jan 2015]

leukocyte immunoglobulin-like receptor, subfamily A (with TM domain), member 5

The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the leukocyte immunoglobulin-like receptor (LIR) family. LIR family members are known to have activating and inibitory functions in leukocytes. Crosslink of this receptor protein on the surface of monocytes has been shown to induce calcium flux and secretion of several proinflammatory cytokines, which suggests the roles of this protein in triggering innate immune responses. This gene is one of the leukocyte receptor genes that form a gene cluster on the chromosomal region 19q13.4. Four alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding distinct isoforms have been described. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

leukocyte immunoglobulin-like receptor, subfamily A (with TM domain), member 2

This gene encodes a member of a family of immunoreceptors that are expressed predominantly on monocytes and B cells, and at lower levels on dendritic cells and natural killer cells. The encoded protein is an activating receptor that inhibits dendritic cell differentiation and antigen presentation and suppresses innate immune response. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found. This gene is located in a cluster of related genes on chromosome 19 and there is a pseudogene for this gene on chromosome 3. [provided by RefSeq, Mar 2014]

leukocyte immunoglobulin-like receptor, subfamily A (without TM domain), member 3

This gene encodes a member of a family of immunoreceptors that are expressed predominantly in monocytes and B cells, and at lower levels in dendritic cells and natural killer cells. The encoded protein lacks the transmembrane region found in other members of this family. It acts as a soluble receptor for class I major histocompatibility complex (MHC) antigens. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found. This gene is located in a cluster of related genes on chromosome 19 and is polymorphic in human populations, with many individuals containing a deletion of this genomic region. [provided by RefSeq, Mar 2014]

leukocyte immunoglobulin-like receptor, subfamily A (with TM domain), member 1

This gene encodes an activating member of the leukocyte immunoglobulin-like receptor (LIR) family, which is found in a gene cluster at chromosomal region 19q13.4. The encoded protein is predominantly expressed in B cells, interacts with major histocompatibility complex class I ligands, and contributes to the regulation of immune responses. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms. [provided by RefSeq, May 2013]

killer cell lectin-like receptor subfamily C, member 1

Natural killer (NK) cells are lymphocytes that can mediate lysis of certain tumor cells and virus-infected cells without previous activation. They can also regulate specific humoral and cell-mediated immunity. The protein encoded by this gene belongs to the killer cell lectin-like receptor family, also called NKG2 family, which is a group of transmembrane proteins preferentially expressed in NK cells. This family of proteins is characterized by the type II membrane orientation and the presence of a C-type lectin domain. This protein forms a complex with another family member, KLRD1/CD94, and has been implicated in the recognition of the MHC class I HLA-E molecules in NK cells. The genes of NKG2 family members form a killer cell lectin-like receptor gene cluster on chromosome 12. Multiple alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding distinct isoforms have been observed. [provided by RefSeq, Jan 2015]

killer cell lectin-like receptor subfamily C, member 3

Natural killer (NK) cells are lymphocytes that can mediate lysis of certain tumor cells and virus-infected cells without previous activation. They can also regulate specific humoral and cell-mediated immunity. NK cells preferentially express several calcium-dependent (C-type) lectins, which have been implicated in the regulation of NK cell function. KLRC3 is a member of the NKG2 group which are expressed primarily in natural killer (NK) cells and encodes a family of transmembrane proteins characterized by a type II membrane orientation (extracellular C terminus) and the presence of a C-type lectin domain. The NKG2 gene family is located within the NK complex, a region that contains several C-type lectin genes preferentially expressed on NK cells. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

killer cell lectin-like receptor subfamily C, member 2

Natural killer (NK) cells are lymphocytes that can mediate lysis of certain tumor cells and virus-infected cells without previous activation. They can also regulate specific humoral and cell-mediated immunity. NK cells preferentially express several calcium-dependent (C-type) lectins, which have been implicated in the regulation of NK cell function. The group, designated KLRC (NKG2) are expressed primarily in natural killer (NK) cells and encodes a family of transmembrane proteins characterized by a type II membrane orientation (extracellular C terminus) and the presence of a C-type lectin domain. The KLRC (NKG2) gene family is located within the NK complex, a region that contains several C-type lectin genes preferentially expressed on NK cells. KLRC2 alternative splice variants have been described but their full-length nature has not been determined. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

killer cell lectin-like receptor subfamily C, member 4

Natural killer (NK) cells are lymphocytes that can mediate lysis of certain tumor cells and virus-infected cells without previous activation. They can also regulate specific humoral and cell-mediated immunity. NK cells preferentially express several calcium-dependent (C-type) lectins, which have been implicated in the regulation of NK cell function. This gene is a member of the NKG2 group of genes that are expressed primarily in natural killer (NK) cells. These family members encode transmembrane proteins that are characterized by a type II membrane orientation (have an extracellular C-terminus) and the presence of a C-type lectin domain. This family member is located within the NK complex, a region that contains several C-type lectin genes preferentially expressed in NK cells. Read-through transcription exists between this gene and the downstream KLRK1 (killer cell lectin-like receptor subfamily K, member 1) family member. [provided by RefSeq, Dec 2010]

MAS1 proto-oncogene like, G protein-coupled receptor

Predicted to enable angiotensin receptor activity. Predicted to be involved in G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway. Located in cytosol; nucleoplasm; and plasma membrane. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

neuropeptide Y receptor type 4-like

Enables pancreatic polypeptide receptor activity and peptide hormone binding activity. Involved in G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway. Located in membrane. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

taste receptor cell protein 1-like

receptor-like tyrosine kinase pseudogene 1

transient receptor potential cation channel, subfamily C, member 2-like

Predicted to enable damaged DNA binding activity. Predicted to be involved in single strand break repair. Located in chromosome and nucleolus. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

olfactory receptor 7E24-like

thyroid stimulating hormone receptor-like 3

thyroid stimulating hormone receptor-like 2

interleukin 1 receptor accessory protein-like 1

The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the interleukin 1 receptor family and is similar to the interleukin 1 accessory proteins. This protein has an N-terminal signal peptide, three extracellular immunoglobulin Ig-like domains, a transmembrane domain, an intracellular Toll/IL-1R domain, and a long C-terminal tail which interacts with multiple signalling molecules. This gene is located at a region on chromosome X that is associated with a non-syndromic form of X-linked intellectual disability. Deletions and mutations in this gene were found in patients with intellectual disability. This gene is expressed at a high level in post-natal brain structures involved in the hippocampal memory system, which suggests a specialized role in the physiological processes underlying memory and learning abilities, and plays a role in synapse formation and stabilization. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2017]

interleukin 1 receptor accessory protein-like 2

The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the interleukin 1 receptor family. This protein is similar to the interleukin 1 accessory proteins, and is most closely related to interleukin 1 receptor accessory protein-like 1 (IL1RAPL1). This gene and IL1RAPL1 are located at a region on chromosome X that is associated with X-linked non-syndromic cognitive disability. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

fibroblast growth factor receptor-like 1

The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR) family, where amino acid sequence is highly conserved between members and throughout evolution. FGFR family members differ from one another in their ligand affinities and tissue distribution. A full-length representative protein would consist of an extracellular region, composed of three immunoglobulin-like domains, a single hydrophobic membrane-spanning segment and a cytoplasmic tyrosine kinase domain. The extracellular portion of the protein interacts with fibroblast growth factors, setting in motion a cascade of downstream signals, ultimately influencing mitogenesis and differentiation. A marked difference between this gene product and the other family members is its lack of a cytoplasmic tyrosine kinase domain. The result is a transmembrane receptor that could interact with other family members and potentially inhibit signaling. Multiple alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding the same isoform have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

cytokine receptor-like factor 2

This gene encodes a member of the type I cytokine receptor family. The encoded protein is a receptor for thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP). Together with the interleukin 7 receptor (IL7R), the encoded protein and TSLP activate STAT3, STAT5, and JAK2 pathways, which control processes such as cell proliferation and development of the hematopoietic system. Rearrangement of this gene with immunoglobulin heavy chain gene (IGH) on chromosome 14, or with P2Y purinoceptor 8 gene (P2RY8) on the same X or Y chromosomes is associated with B-progenitor acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and Down syndrome ALL. Alternatively spliced transcript variants have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Sep 2014]

cytokine receptor-like factor 3

This gene encodes a cytokine receptor-like factor that may negatively regulate cell cycle progression at the G0/G1 phase. Studies of the related rat protein suggest that it may regulate neuronal morphology and synaptic vesicle biogenesis. This gene is one of several genes located in the neurofibromatosis type I tumor suppressor region on the q arm of chromosome 17, a region that is subject to microdeletions, duplications, chromosomal breaks and rearrangements. Alternative splicing of this gene results in multiple transcript variants. Related pseudogenes have been identified on chromosomes 2 and 5. [provided by RefSeq, Aug 2012]

cytokine receptor-like factor 1

This gene encodes a member of the cytokine type I receptor family. The protein forms a secreted complex with cardiotrophin-like cytokine factor 1 and acts on cells expressing ciliary neurotrophic factor receptors. The complex can promote survival of neuronal cells. Mutations in this gene result in Crisponi syndrome and cold-induced sweating syndrome. [provided by RefSeq, Oct 2009]

MAS1 proto-oncogene like, G protein-coupled receptor pseudogene

MAS1 proto-oncogene like, G protein-coupled receptor pseudogene

MAS1 proto-oncogene like, G protein-coupled receptor pseudogene

olfactory receptor 4S2-like

proline-rich receptor-like protein kinase PERK2

killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptor 2DS3

macrophage mannose receptor 1-like

MAS1 proto-oncogene like, G protein-coupled receptor pseudogene

transforming growth factor, beta receptor III-like

Predicted to enable glycosaminoglycan binding activity; transforming growth factor beta receptor activity; and type II transforming growth factor beta receptor binding activity. Predicted to contribute to transforming growth factor beta binding activity. Predicted to be involved in several processes, including epithelial to mesenchymal transition; regulation of transforming growth factor beta receptor signaling pathway; and transforming growth factor beta receptor signaling pathway. Predicted to be located in plasma membrane. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

transducin (beta)-like 1 X-linked receptor 1

This gene is a member of the WD40 repeat-containing gene family and shares sequence similarity with transducin (beta)-like 1X-linked (TBL1X). The protein encoded by this gene is thought to be a component of both nuclear receptor corepressor (N-CoR) and histone deacetylase 3 (HDAC 3) complexes, and is required for transcriptional activation by a variety of transcription factors. Mutations in these gene have been associated with some autism spectrum disorders, and one finding suggests that haploinsufficiency of this gene may be a cause of intellectual disability with dysmorphism. Mutations in this gene as well as recurrent translocations involving this gene have also been observed in some tumors. [provided by RefSeq, Mar 2016]

olfactory receptor 4F3/4F16/4F29-like

killer cell lectin-like receptor subfamily F, member 2

Enables protein homodimerization activity. Predicted to be involved in natural killer cell degranulation and positive regulation of cytokine production. Predicted to act upstream of or within natural killer cell activation and positive regulation of natural killer cell mediated cytotoxicity. Located in plasma membrane. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

killer cell lectin-like receptor subfamily F, member 1

KLRF1, an activating homodimeric C-type lectin-like receptor (CTLR), is expressed on nearly all natural killer (NK) cells and stimulates their cytoxicity and cytokine release (Kuttruff et al., 2009 [PubMed 18922855]).[supplied by OMIM, Oct 2009]

glucagon-like peptide 2 receptor

This gene encodes a G protein-coupled receptor that is closely related to the glucagon receptor and binds to glucagon-like peptide-2 (GLP2). Signalling through GLP2 stimulates intestinal growth and increases villus height in the small intestine, concomitant with increased crypt cell proliferation and decreased enterocyte apoptosis. [provided by RefSeq, Dec 2014]

leptin receptor overlapping transcript-like 1

Enables identical protein binding activity. Predicted to be involved in late endosome to vacuole transport via multivesicular body sorting pathway and negative regulation of growth hormone receptor signaling pathway. Predicted to be located in membrane. Predicted to be active in endosome. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

GABA(A) receptor-associated protein like 1

Enables Tat protein binding activity; phospholipid binding activity; and ubiquitin protein ligase binding activity. Predicted to be involved in cellular response to nitrogen starvation and macroautophagy. Located in autophagosome and mitochondrion. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

GABA(A) receptor-associated protein-like 2

Enables phosphatidylethanolamine binding activity and ubiquitin protein ligase binding activity. Involved in negative regulation of proteasomal protein catabolic process and protein localization to endoplasmic reticulum. Located in Golgi membrane and autophagosome membrane. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

D(1B) dopamine receptor-like

killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptor, three domains, pseudogene 1

Killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIRs) are transmembrane glycoproteins expressed by natural killer cells and subsets of T cells. The KIR genes are polymorphic and highly homologous and they are found in a cluster on chromosome 19q13.4 within the 1 Mb leukocyte receptor complex (LRC). The gene content of the KIR gene cluster varies among haplotypes, although several `framework` genes are found in all haplotypes (KIR3DL3, KIR3DP1, KIR3DL4, KIR3DL2). The KIR proteins are classified by the number of extracellular immunoglobulin domains (2D or 3D) and by whether they have a long (L) or short (S) cytoplasmic domain. KIR proteins with the long cytoplasmic domain transduce inhibitory signals upon ligand binding via an immune tyrosine-based inhibitory motif (ITIM), while KIR proteins with the short cytoplasmic domain lack the ITIM motif and instead associate with the TYRO protein tyrosine kinase binding protein to transduce activating signals. The ligands for several KIR proteins are subsets of HLA class I molecules; thus, KIR proteins are thought to play an important role in regulation of the immune response. This gene is one of the `framework` loci that is present on all haplotypes. This gene is considered to be a pseudogene based on the absence of transcription and it lacks several functional domains compared to other killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptors. A rare haplotype, the result of a recombinantion event, has two copies of this gene, one of which may encode a secreted protein. (PMID: 15580659)[provided by RefSeq, Mar 2011]

insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor

This receptor binds insulin-like growth factor with a high affinity. It has tyrosine kinase activity. The insulin-like growth factor I receptor plays a critical role in transformation events. Cleavage of the precursor generates alpha and beta subunits. It is highly overexpressed in most malignant tissues where it functions as an anti-apoptotic agent by enhancing cell survival. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding distinct isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, May 2014]

paired immunoglobin-like type 2 receptor alpha

Cell signaling pathways rely on a dynamic interaction between activating and inhibiting processes. SHP-1-mediated dephosphorylation of protein tyrosine residues is central to the regulation of several cell signaling pathways. Two types of inhibitory receptor superfamily members are immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibitory motif (ITIM)-bearing receptors and their non-ITIM-bearing, activating counterparts. Control of cell signaling via SHP-1 is thought to occur through a balance between PILRalpha-mediated inhibition and PILRbeta-mediated activation. These paired immunoglobulin-like receptor genes are located in a tandem head-to-tail orientation on chromosome 7. This particular gene encodes the ITIM-bearing member of the receptor pair, which functions in the inhibitory role. Alternative splicing has been observed at this locus and three variants, each encoding a distinct isoform, are described. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

paired immunoglobin-like type 2 receptor beta

The paired immunoglobin-like type 2 receptors consist of highly related activating and inhibitory receptors that are involved in the regulation of many aspects of the immune system. The paired immunoglobulin-like receptor genes are located in a tandem head-to-tail orientation on chromosome 7. This gene encodes the activating member of the receptor pair and contains a truncated cytoplasmic tail relative to its inhibitory counterpart (PILRA), that has a long cytoplasmic tail with immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibitory (ITIM) motifs. This gene is thought to have arisen from a duplication of the inhibitory PILRA gene and evolved to acquire its activating function. [provided by RefSeq, Jun 2013]

macrophage mannose receptor 1-like

killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptor, two domains, pseudogene 1

Predicted to be involved in immune response-regulating signaling pathway. Predicted to be located in membrane. Predicted to be active in plasma membrane. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

G protein-coupled receptor 37 like 1

Enables G protein-coupled peptide receptor activity; peptide binding activity; and prosaposin receptor activity. Involved in adenylate cyclase-inhibiting G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway and positive regulation of MAPK cascade. Located in plasma membrane. Part of receptor complex. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

chemerin chemokine-like receptor 1

Enables adipokinetic hormone binding activity and adipokinetic hormone receptor activity. Involved in several processes, including negative regulation of NF-kappaB transcription factor activity; positive regulation of macrophage chemotaxis; and regulation of calcium-mediated signaling. Located in plasma membrane. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

proline-rich receptor-like protein kinase PERK13

glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor

This gene encodes a 7-transmembrane protein that functions as a receptor for glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) hormone, which stimulates glucose-induced insulin secretion. This receptor, which functions at the cell surface, becomes internalized in response to GLP-1 and GLP-1 analogs, and it plays an important role in the signaling cascades leading to insulin secretion. It also displays neuroprotective effects in animal models. Polymorphisms in this gene are associated with diabetes. The protein is an important drug target for the treatment of type 2 diabetes and stroke. Alternative splicing of this gene results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Apr 2016]

killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptor, two domains, long cytoplasmic tail, 3

Killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIRs) are transmembrane glycoproteins expressed by natural killer cells and subsets of T cells. The KIR genes are polymorphic and highly homologous and they are found in a cluster on chromosome 19q13.4 within the 1 Mb leukocyte receptor complex (LRC). The gene content of the KIR gene cluster varies among haplotypes, although several `framework` genes are found in all haplotypes (KIR3DL3, KIR3DP1, KIR3DL4, KIR3DL2). The KIR proteins are classified by the number of extracellular immunoglobulin domains (2D or 3D) and by whether they have a long (L) or short (S) cytoplasmic domain. KIR proteins with the long cytoplasmic domain transduce inhibitory signals upon ligand binding via an immune tyrosine-based inhibitory motif (ITIM), while KIR proteins with the short cytoplasmic domain lack the ITIM motif and instead associate with the TYRO protein tyrosine kinase binding protein to transduce activating signals. The ligands for several KIR proteins are subsets of HLA class I molecules; thus, KIR proteins are thought to play an important role in regulation of the immune response. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptor, two domains, long cytoplasmic tail, 2

Killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIRs) are transmembrane glycoproteins expressed by natural killer cells and subsets of T cells. The KIR genes are polymorphic and highly homologous and they are found in a cluster on chromosome 19q13.4 within the 1 Mb leukocyte receptor complex (LRC). The gene content of the KIR gene cluster varies among haplotypes, although several `framework` genes are found in all haplotypes (KIR3DL3, KIR3DP1, KIR3DL4, KIR3DL2). The KIR proteins are classified by the number of extracellular immunoglobulin domains (2D or 3D) and by whether they have a long (L) or short (S) cytoplasmic domain. KIR proteins with the long cytoplasmic domain transduce inhibitory signals upon ligand binding via an immune tyrosine-based inhibitory motif (ITIM), while KIR proteins with the short cytoplasmic domain lack the ITIM motif and instead associate with the TYRO protein tyrosine kinase binding protein to transduce activating signals. The ligands for several KIR proteins are subsets of HLA class I molecules; thus, KIR proteins are thought to play an important role in regulation of the immune response. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptor, two domains, long cytoplasmic tail, 1

Killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIRs) are transmembrane glycoproteins expressed by natural killer cells and subsets of T cells. The KIR genes are polymorphic and highly homologous and they are found in a cluster on chromosome 19q13.4 within the 1 Mb leukocyte receptor complex (LRC). The gene content of the KIR gene cluster varies among haplotypes, although several `framework` genes are found in all haplotypes (KIR3DL3, KIR3DP1, KIR3DL4, KIR3DL2). The KIR proteins are classified by the number of extracellular immunoglobulin domains (2D or 3D) and by whether they have a long (L) or short (S) cytoplasmic domain. KIR proteins with the long cytoplasmic domain transduce inhibitory signals upon ligand binding via an immune tyrosine-based inhibitory motif (ITIM), while KIR proteins with the short cytoplasmic domain lack the ITIM motif and instead associate with the TYRO protein tyrosine kinase binding protein to transduce activating signals. The ligands for several KIR proteins are subsets of HLA class I molecules; thus, KIR proteins are thought to play an important role in regulation of the immune response. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptor, two domains, long cytoplasmic tail, 4

Killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIRs) are transmembrane glycoproteins expressed by natural killer cells and subsets of T cells. The KIR genes are polymorphic and highly homologous and they are found in a cluster on chromosome 19q13.4 within the 1 Mb leukocyte receptor complex (LRC). The gene content of the KIR gene cluster varies among haplotypes, although several `framework` genes are found in all haplotypes (KIR3DL3, KIR3DP1, KIR3DL4, KIR3DL2). The KIR proteins are classified by the number of extracellular immunoglobulin domains (2D or 3D) and by whether they have a long (L) or short (S) cytoplasmic domain. KIR proteins with the long cytoplasmic domain transduce inhibitory signals upon ligand binding via an immune tyrosine-based inhibitory motif (ITIM), while KIR proteins with the short cytoplasmic domain lack the ITIM motif and instead associate with the TYRO protein tyrosine kinase binding protein to transduce activating signals. The ligands for several KIR proteins are subsets of HLA class I molecules; thus, KIR proteins are thought to play an important role in regulation of the immune response. This gene is one of the `framework` loci that is present on all haplotypes. Alternate alleles of this gene are represented on multiple alternate reference loci (ALT_REF_LOCs). Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants, some of which may not be annotated on the primary reference assembly. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2016]

Fc receptor-like 6 pseudogene 1

transducin (beta)-like 1 X-linked receptor 1 pseudogene

IGF-like family receptor 1

Located in nucleoplasm and plasma membrane. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

leukocyte immunoglobulin-like receptor subfamily B member 3

chemerin chemokine-like receptor 2

Enables adipokinetic hormone binding activity and adipokinetic hormone receptor activity. Predicted to be involved in glucose homeostasis and neuropeptide signaling pathway. Located in nucleoplasm and plasma membrane. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

killer cell lectin like receptor A1, pseudogene

leukocyte immunoglobulin-like receptor subfamily B member 3

ret finger protein-like 4A-like 1

Predicted to enable protein homodimerization activity; protein kinase binding activity; and ubiquitin protein ligase activity. Predicted to be involved in several processes, including positive regulation of autophagy; positive regulation of canonical NF-kappaB signal transduction; and regulation of viral entry into host cell. Predicted to be active in cytosol and nucleoplasm. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

uroplakin-3b-like protein-like

putative POM121-like protein 1-like

putative POM121-like protein 1-like

guanine nucleotide binding protein-like 3 (nucleolar)-like pseudogene 1

transmembrane protein with EGF-like and two follistatin-like domains 1

Enables receptor ligand inhibitor activity. Involved in negative regulation of viral entry into host cell. Is active in plasma membrane. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

transmembrane protein with EGF-like and two follistatin-like domains 2

This gene encodes a member of the tomoregulin family of transmembrane proteins. This protein has been shown to function as both an oncogene and a tumor suppressor depending on the cellular context and may regulate prostate cancer cell invasion. Multiple soluble forms of this protein have been identified that arise from both an alternative splice variant and ectodomain shedding. Additionally, this gene has been found to be hypermethylated in multiple cancer types. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Feb 2015]

guanine nucleotide binding protein-like 3 (nucleolar)-like

The protein encoded by this gene appears to be a nucleolar GTPase that is essential for ribosomal pre-rRNA processing and cell proliferation. Two transcript variants encoding the same protein have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, May 2010]

LIM and senescent cell antigen-like domains 3-like

Predicted to enable metal ion binding activity. Predicted to be located in cytoplasm; focal adhesion; and plasma membrane. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

presenilins-associated rhomboid-like protein, mitochondrial-like

putative ubiquitin-like protein FUBI-like protein ENSP00000310146

ubiquitin carboxyl-terminal hydrolase 17-like protein 2-like

putative POM121-like protein 1-like

integrin, beta-like 1 (with EGF-like repeat domains)

This gene encodes a beta integrin-related protein that is a member of the EGF-like protein family. The encoded protein contains integrin-like cysteine-rich repeats. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Nov 2012]

EGF-like repeats and discoidin I-like domains 3

The protein encoded by this gene is an integrin ligand. It plays an important role in mediating angiogenesis and may be important in vessel wall remodeling and development. It also influences endothelial cell behavior. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

putative POM121-like protein 1-like

putative paraneoplastic antigen-like protein 6B-like protein LOC649238

ubiquitin carboxyl-terminal hydrolase 17-like protein 2-like

WBSCR19-like protein 5-like

tyrosine kinase with immunoglobulin-like and EGF-like domains 1

This gene encodes a member of the tyrosine protein kinase family. The encoded protein plays a critical role in angiogenesis and blood vessel stability by inhibiting angiopoietin 1 signaling through the endothelial receptor tyrosine kinase Tie2. Ectodomain cleavage of the encoded protein relieves inhibition of Tie2 and is mediated by multiple factors including vascular endothelial growth factor. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding multiple isoforms have been observed for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Nov 2011]

putative POM121-like protein 1-like

putative POM121-like protein 1-like

putative POM121-like protein 1-like

endothelin-converting enzyme-like 1-like

putative POM121-like protein 1-like

paraneoplastic antigen like 6A-like

putative POM121-like protein 1-like

contactin associated protein-like 3-like

Predicted to be involved in cell adhesion. Predicted to be located in membrane. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

putative POM121-like protein 1-like

putative SIPAR-like protein C9orf51-like

insulin-like growth factor binding protein-like 1

Predicted to enable insulin-like growth factor binding activity. Involved in cellular response to tumor cell. Located in extracellular space. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

putative paraneoplastic antigen-like protein 6B-like

ubiquitin carboxyl-terminal hydrolase 17-like protein 2-like

putative POM121-like protein 1-like

RAS protein activator like 1 (GAP1 like)

The protein encoded by this gene is member of the GAP1 family of GTPase-activating proteins. These proteins stimulate the GTPase activity of normal RAS p21 but not its oncogenic counterpart. Acting as a suppressor of RAS function, the protein enhances the weak intrinsic GTPase activity of RAS proteins resulting in the inactive GDP-bound form of RAS, thereby allowing control of cellular proliferation and differentiation. This particular family member contains domains which are characteristic of the GAP1 subfamily of RasGAP proteins but, in contrast to the other GAP1 family members, this protein is strongly and selectively expressed in endocrine tissues. Alternatively spliced transcript variants that encode different isoforms have been described [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2010]

putative POM121-like protein 1-like

ADP-ribosylation factor-like 14 effector protein-like

nuclear distribution protein nudE-like 1-like

inflammation and lipid regulator with UBA-like and NBR1-like domains

This gene encodes a protein with N-terminal ubiquitin-associated (UBA)-like and central neighbor of BRCA1 gene 1 (NBR1)-like domains. The protein acts an inhibitor of antiviral and proinflammatory cytokine transcription and as a regulator of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS). [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2021]

mouse mammary tumor virus receptor homolog 2

integrin, alpha 2 (CD49B, alpha 2 subunit of VLA-2 receptor)

This gene encodes the alpha subunit of a transmembrane receptor for collagens and related proteins. The encoded protein forms a heterodimer with a beta subunit and mediates the adhesion of platelets and other cell types to the extracellular matrix. Loss of the encoded protein is associated with bleeding disorder platelet-type 9. Antibodies against this protein are found in several immune disorders, including neonatal alloimmune thrombocytopenia. This gene is located adjacent to a related alpha subunit gene. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Aug 2012]

integrin, alpha 3 (antigen CD49C, alpha 3 subunit of VLA-3 receptor)

The gene encodes a member of the integrin alpha chain family of proteins. Integrins are heterodimeric integral membrane proteins composed of an alpha chain and a beta chain that function as cell surface adhesion molecules. The encoded preproprotein is proteolytically processed to generate light and heavy chains that comprise the alpha 3 subunit. This subunit joins with a beta 1 subunit to form an integrin that interacts with extracellular matrix proteins including members of the laminin family. Expression of this gene may be correlated with breast cancer metastasis. [provided by RefSeq, Oct 2015]

integrin, alpha 4 (antigen CD49D, alpha 4 subunit of VLA-4 receptor)

The gene encodes a member of the integrin alpha chain family of proteins. Integrins are heterodimeric integral membrane proteins composed of an alpha chain and a beta chain that function in cell surface adhesion and signaling. The encoded preproprotein is proteolytically processed to generate light and heavy chains that comprise the alpha 4 subunit. This subunit associates with a beta 1 or beta 7 subunit to form an integrin that may play a role in cell motility and migration. This integrin is a therapeutic target for the treatment of multiple sclerosis, Crohn's disease and inflammatory bowel disease. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Oct 2015]

integrin, alpha 5 (fibronectin receptor, alpha polypeptide)

The product of this gene belongs to the integrin alpha chain family. Integrins are heterodimeric integral membrane proteins composed of an alpha subunit and a beta subunit that function in cell surface adhesion and signaling. The encoded preproprotein is proteolytically processed to generate light and heavy chains that comprise the alpha 5 subunit. This subunit associates with the beta 1 subunit to form a fibronectin receptor. This integrin may promote tumor invasion, and higher expression of this gene may be correlated with shorter survival time in lung cancer patients. Note that the integrin alpha 5 and integrin alpha V subunits are encoded by distinct genes. [provided by RefSeq, Oct 2015]

thyrotropin-releasing hormone receptor

This gene encodes a G protein-coupled receptor for thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH). Upon binding to TRH, this receptor activates the inositol phospholipid-calcium-protein kinase C transduction pathway. Mutations in this gene have been associated with generalized thyrotropin-releasing hormone resistance. [provided by RefSeq, Sep 2011]

integrin, alpha X (complement component 3 receptor 4 subunit)

This gene encodes the integrin alpha X chain protein. Integrins are heterodimeric integral membrane proteins composed of an alpha chain and a beta chain. This protein combines with the beta 2 chain (ITGB2) to form a leukocyte-specific integrin referred to as inactivated-C3b (iC3b) receptor 4 (CR4). The alpha X beta 2 complex seems to overlap the properties of the alpha M beta 2 integrin in the adherence of neutrophils and monocytes to stimulated endothelium cells, and in the phagocytosis of complement coated particles. Two transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Nov 2013]

integrin, alpha M (complement component 3 receptor 3 subunit)

This gene encodes the integrin alpha M chain. Integrins are heterodimeric integral membrane proteins composed of an alpha chain and a beta chain. This I-domain containing alpha integrin combines with the beta 2 chain (ITGB2) to form a leukocyte-specific integrin referred to as macrophage receptor 1 ('Mac-1'), or inactivated-C3b (iC3b) receptor 3 ('CR3'). The alpha M beta 2 integrin is important in the adherence of neutrophils and monocytes to stimulated endothelium, and also in the phagocytosis of complement coated particles. Multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Mar 2009]

olfactory receptor, family 4, subfamily A, member 44 pseudogene

Olfactory receptors interact with odorant molecules in the nose, to initiate a neuronal response that triggers the perception of a smell. The olfactory receptor proteins are members of a large family of G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCR) arising from single coding-exon genes. Olfactory receptors share a 7-transmembrane domain structure with many neurotransmitter and hormone receptors and are responsible for the recognition and G protein-mediated transduction of odorant signals. The olfactory receptor gene family is the largest in the genome. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

olfactory receptor, family 6, subfamily C, member 3 pseudogene

olfactory receptor, family 6, subfamily C, member 1 pseudogene

olfactory receptor, family 9, subfamily K, member 2 pseudogene

olfactory receptor, family 6, subfamily C, member 2 pseudogene

olfactory receptor, family 6, subfamily Y, member 1 pseudogene

olfactory receptor, family 2, subfamily K, member 2

Olfactory receptors interact with odorant molecules in the nose, to initiate a neuronal response that triggers the perception of a smell. The olfactory receptor proteins are members of a large family of G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCR) arising from single coding-exon genes. Olfactory receptors share a 7-transmembrane domain structure with many neurotransmitter and hormone receptors and are responsible for the recognition and G protein-mediated transduction of odorant signals. The olfactory receptor gene family is the largest in the genome. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

olfactory receptor, family 4, subfamily F, member 14 pseudogene

Olfactory receptors interact with odorant molecules in the nose, to initiate a neuronal response that triggers the perception of a smell. The olfactory receptor proteins are members of a large family of G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCR) arising from single coding-exon genes. Olfactory receptors share a 7-transmembrane domain structure with many neurotransmitter and hormone receptors and are responsible for the recognition and G protein-mediated transduction of odorant signals. The olfactory receptor gene family is the largest in the genome. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

nuclear receptor subfamily 1, group D, member 1

This gene encodes a transcription factor that is a member of the nuclear receptor subfamily 1. The encoded protein is a ligand-sensitive transcription factor that negatively regulates the expression of core clock proteins. In particular this protein represses the circadian clock transcription factor aryl hydrocarbon receptor nuclear translocator-like protein 1 (ARNTL). This protein may also be involved in regulating genes that function in metabolic, inflammatory and cardiovascular processes. [provided by RefSeq, Jan 2013]

nuclear receptor subfamily 1, group D, member 2

This gene encodes a member of the nuclear hormone receptor family, specifically the NR1 subfamily of receptors. The encoded protein functions as a transcriptional repressor and may play a role in circadian rhythms and carbohydrate and lipid metabolism. Alternatively spliced transcript variants have been described. [provided by RefSeq, Feb 2009]

opioid growth factor receptor

The protein encoded by this gene is a receptor for opioid growth factor (OGF), also known as [Met(5)]-enkephalin. OGF is a negative regulator of cell proliferation and tissue organization in a variety of processes. The encoded unbound receptor for OGF has been localized to the outer nuclear envelope, where it binds OGF and is translocated into the nucleus. The coding sequence of this gene contains a polymorphic region of 60 nt tandem imperfect repeat units. Several transcripts containing between zero and eight repeat units have been reported. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

vomeronasal 2 receptor 10 pseudogene

protein tyrosine phosphatase, non-receptor type 18 (brain-derived)

The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP) family. PTPs are known to be signaling molecules that regulate a variety of cellular processes including cell growth, differentiation, the mitotic cycle, and oncogenic transformation. This PTP contains a PEST motif, which often serves as a protein-protein interaction domain, and may be related to protein intracellular half-live. This protein can differentially dephosphorylate autophosphorylated tyrosine kinases that are overexpressed in tumor tissues, and it appears to regulate HER2, a member of the epidermal growth factor receptor family of receptor tyrosine kinases. Two transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Nov 2008]

protein tyrosine phosphatase, non-receptor type 13 (APO-1/CD95 (Fas)-associated phosphatase)

The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP) family. PTPs are signaling molecules that regulate a variety of cellular processes including cell growth, differentiation, mitotic cycle, and oncogenic transformation. This PTP is a large intracellular protein. It has a catalytic PTP domain at its C-terminus and two major structural domains: a region with five PDZ domains and a FERM domain that binds to plasma membrane and cytoskeletal elements. This PTP was found to interact with, and dephosphorylate, Fas receptor and IkappaBalpha through the PDZ domains. This suggests it has a role in Fas mediated programmed cell death. This PTP was also shown to interact with GTPase-activating protein, and thus may function as a regulator of Rho signaling pathways. Four alternatively spliced transcript variants, which encode distinct proteins, have been reported. [provided by RefSeq, Oct 2008]

protein tyrosine phosphatase, non-receptor type 12

The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP) family. PTPs are signaling molecules that regulate a variety of cellular processes including cell growth, differentiation, mitotic cycle, and oncogenic transformation. This PTP contains a C-terminal PEST motif, which serves as a protein-protein interaction domain, and may regulate protein intracellular half-life. This PTP was found to bind and dephosphorylate the product of the oncogene c-ABL and thus may play a role in oncogenesis. This PTP was also shown to interact with, and dephosphorylate, various products related to cytoskeletal structure and cell adhesion, such as p130 (Cas), CAKbeta/PTK2B, PSTPIP1, and paxillin. This suggests it has a regulatory role in controlling cell shape and mobility. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants encoding distinct isoforms. [provided by RefSeq, Oct 2008]

protein tyrosine phosphatase, non-receptor type 11

The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP) family. PTPs are known to be signaling molecules that regulate a variety of cellular processes including cell growth, differentiation, mitotic cycle, and oncogenic transformation. This PTP contains two tandem Src homology-2 domains, which function as phospho-tyrosine binding domains and mediate the interaction of this PTP with its substrates. This PTP is widely expressed in most tissues and plays a regulatory role in various cell signaling events that are important for a diversity of cell functions, such as mitogenic activation, metabolic control, transcription regulation, and cell migration. Mutations in this gene are a cause of Noonan syndrome as well as acute myeloid leukemia. [provided by RefSeq, Aug 2016]

protein tyrosine phosphatase, non-receptor type 14

The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP) family. PTPs are known to be signaling molecules that regulate a variety of cellular processes including cell growth, differentiation, mitotic cycle, and oncogenic transformation. This PTP contains an N-terminal noncatalytic domain similar to that of band 4.1 superfamily cytoskeleton-associated proteins, which suggested the membrane or cytoskeleton localization of this protein. It appears to regulate lymphatic development in mammals, and a loss of function mutation has been found in a kindred with a lymphedema-choanal atresia. [provided by RefSeq, Sep 2010]

lysophosphatidic acid receptor 1

The integral membrane protein encoded by this gene is a lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) receptor from a group known as EDG receptors. These receptors are members of the G protein-coupled receptor superfamily. Utilized by LPA for cell signaling, EDG receptors mediate diverse biologic functions, including proliferation, platelet aggregation, smooth muscle contraction, inhibition of neuroblastoma cell differentiation, chemotaxis, and tumor cell invasion. Many transcript variants encoding a few different isoforms have been identified for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Oct 2020]

olfactory receptor, family 52, subfamily N, member 4 (gene/pseudogene)

Olfactory receptors interact with odorant molecules in the nose, to initiate a neuronal response that triggers the perception of a smell. The olfactory receptor proteins are members of a large family of G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCR) arising from single coding-exon genes. Olfactory receptors share a 7-transmembrane domain structure with many neurotransmitter and hormone receptors and are responsible for the recognition and G protein-mediated transduction of odorant signals. The olfactory receptor gene family is the largest in the genome. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

olfactory receptor, family 52, subfamily N, member 5

Olfactory receptors interact with odorant molecules in the nose, to initiate a neuronal response that triggers the perception of a smell. The olfactory receptor proteins are members of a large family of G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCR) arising from single coding-exon genes. Olfactory receptors share a 7-transmembrane domain structure with many neurotransmitter and hormone receptors and are responsible for the recognition and G protein-mediated transduction of odorant signals. The olfactory receptor gene family is the largest in the genome. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

olfactory receptor, family 52, subfamily N, member 2

Olfactory receptors interact with odorant molecules in the nose, to initiate a neuronal response that triggers the perception of a smell. The olfactory receptor proteins are members of a large family of G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCR) arising from single coding-exon genes. Olfactory receptors share a 7-transmembrane domain structure with many neurotransmitter and hormone receptors and are responsible for the recognition and G protein-mediated transduction of odorant signals. The olfactory receptor gene family is the largest in the genome. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

olfactory receptor, family 52, subfamily N, member 1

Olfactory receptors interact with odorant molecules in the nose, to initiate a neuronal response that triggers the perception of a smell. The olfactory receptor proteins are members of a large family of G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCR) arising from single coding-exon genes. Olfactory receptors share a 7-transmembrane domain structure with many neurotransmitter and hormone receptors and are responsible for the recognition and G protein-mediated transduction of odorant signals. The olfactory receptor gene family is the largest in the genome. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

olfactory receptor, family 5, subfamily R, member 1 (gene/pseudogene)

Olfactory receptors interact with odorant molecules in the nose, to initiate a neuronal response that triggers the perception of a smell. The olfactory receptor proteins are members of a large family of G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCR) arising from single coding-exon genes. Olfactory receptors share a 7-transmembrane domain structure with many neurotransmitter and hormone receptors and are responsible for the recognition and G protein-mediated transduction of odorant signals. The olfactory receptor gene family is the largest in the genome. This olfactory receptor gene is a segregating pseudogene, where some individuals have an allele that encodes a functional olfactory receptor, while other individuals have an allele encoding a protein that is predicted to be non-functional. [provided by RefSeq, Jun 2015]

aryl hydrocarbon receptor pseudogene

olfactory receptor, family 1, subfamily S, member 1 (gene/pseudogene)

Olfactory receptors interact with odorant molecules in the nose, to initiate a neuronal response that triggers the perception of a smell. The olfactory receptor proteins are members of a large family of G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCR) arising from single coding-exon genes. Olfactory receptors share a 7-transmembrane domain structure with many neurotransmitter and hormone receptors and are responsible for the recognition and G protein-mediated transduction of odorant signals. The olfactory receptor gene family is the largest in the genome. This olfactory receptor gene is a segregating pseudogene, where some individuals have an allele that encodes a functional olfactory receptor, while other individuals have an allele encoding a protein that is predicted to be non-functional. [provided by RefSeq, Jun 2015]

olfactory receptor, family 1, subfamily S, member 2

Olfactory receptors interact with odorant molecules in the nose, to initiate a neuronal response that triggers the perception of a smell. The olfactory receptor proteins are members of a large family of G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCR) arising from single coding-exon genes. Olfactory receptors share a 7-transmembrane domain structure with many neurotransmitter and hormone receptors and are responsible for the recognition and G protein-mediated transduction of odorant signals. The olfactory receptor gene family is the largest in the genome. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

Fc fragment of IgE, high affinity I, receptor for; gamma polypeptide

The high affinity IgE receptor is a key molecule involved in allergic reactions. It is a tetramer composed of 1 alpha, 1 beta, and 2 gamma chains. The gamma chains are also subunits of other Fc receptors. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

Fc fragment of IgE, high affinity I, receptor for; alpha polypeptide

The immunoglobulin epsilon receptor (IgE receptor) is the initiator of the allergic response. When two or more high-affinity IgE receptors are brought together by allergen-bound IgE molecules, mediators such as histamine that are responsible for allergy symptoms are released. This receptor is comprised of an alpha subunit, a beta subunit, and two gamma subunits. The protein encoded by this gene represents the alpha subunit. [provided by RefSeq, Aug 2011]

olfactory receptor, family 52, subfamily H, member 1 pseudogene

olfactory receptor, family 56, subfamily A, member 1 pseudogene

olfactory receptor, family 51, subfamily B, member 2 pseudogene

T cell receptor alpha variable 23/delta variable 6

T cell receptors recognize foreign antigens which have been processed as small peptides and bound to major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules at the surface of antigen presenting cells (APC). Each T cell receptor is a dimer consisting of one alpha and one beta chain or one delta and one gamma chain. In a single cell, the T cell receptor loci are rearranged and expressed in the order delta, gamma, beta, and alpha. If both delta and gamma rearrangements produce functional chains, the cell expresses delta and gamma. If not, the cell proceeds to rearrange the beta and alpha loci. This region represents the germline organization of the T cell receptor alpha and delta loci. Both the alpha and delta loci include V (variable), J (joining), and C (constant) segments and the delta locus also includes diversity (D) segments. The delta locus is situated within the alpha locus, between the alpha V and J segments. During T cell development, the delta chain is synthesized by a recombination event at the DNA level joining a D segment with a J segment; a V segment is then joined to the D-J gene. The alpha chain is synthesized by recombination joining a single V segment with a J segment. For both chains, the C segment is later joined by splicing at the RNA level. Recombination of many different V segments with several J segments provides a wide range of antigen recognition. Additional diversity is attained by junctional diversity, resulting from the random additional of nucleotides by terminal deoxynucleotidyltransferase. Five variable segments can be used in either alpha or delta chains and are described by TRAV/DV symbols. Several V and J segments of the alpha locus are known to be incapable of encoding a protein and are considered pseudogenes. [provided by RefSeq, Aug 2016]

olfactory receptor, family 4, subfamily D, member 12 pseudogene

Olfactory receptors interact with odorant molecules in the nose, to initiate a neuronal response that triggers the perception of a smell. The olfactory receptor proteins are members of a large family of G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCR) arising from single coding-exon genes. Olfactory receptors share a 7-transmembrane domain structure with many neurotransmitter and hormone receptors and are responsible for the recognition and G protein-mediated transduction of odorant signals. The olfactory receptor gene family is the largest in the genome. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

vomeronasal 1 receptor 20 pseudogene

ligand dependent nuclear receptor interacting factor 1

Predicted to enable nuclear retinoic acid receptor binding activity. Involved in dosage compensation by inactivation of X chromosome. Located in centriolar satellite; chromosome, telomeric region; and nuclear lumen. Implicated in facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy 3. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

thyroid hormone receptor associated protein 3 pseudogene

vomeronasal 1 receptor 94 pseudogene

macrophage receptor with collagenous structure

The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the class A scavenger receptor family and is part of the innate antimicrobial immune system. The protein may bind both Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria via an extracellular, C-terminal, scavenger receptor cysteine-rich (SRCR) domain. In addition to short cytoplasmic and transmembrane domains, there is an extracellular spacer domain and a long, extracellular collagenous domain. The protein may form a trimeric molecule by the association of the collagenous domains of three identical polypeptide chains. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

olfactory receptor, family 7, subfamily E, member 96 pseudogene

Olfactory receptors interact with odorant molecules in the nose, to initiate a neuronal response that triggers the perception of a smell. The olfactory receptor proteins are members of a large family of G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCR) arising from single coding-exon genes. Olfactory receptors share a 7-transmembrane domain structure with many neurotransmitter and hormone receptors and are responsible for the recognition and G protein-mediated transduction of odorant signals. The olfactory receptor gene family is the largest in the genome. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

neuropeptide Y receptor Y2

Predicted to enable calcium channel regulator activity and neuropeptide Y receptor activity. Involved in cardiac left ventricle morphogenesis and outflow tract morphogenesis. Located in cilium. Implicated in Huntington's disease; morbid obesity; and obesity. Biomarker of peripheral artery disease and temporal lobe epilepsy. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

interleukin 18 receptor accessory protein

The protein encoded by this gene is an accessory subunit of the heterodimeric receptor for interleukin 18 (IL18), a proinflammatory cytokine involved in inducing cell-mediated immunity. This protein enhances the IL18-binding activity of the IL18 receptor and plays a role in signaling by IL18. Mutations in this gene are associated with Crohn's disease and inflammatory bowel disease, and susceptibility to celiac disease and leprosy. Alternatively spliced transcript variants of this gene have been described, but their full-length nature is not known. [provided by RefSeq, Feb 2014]

T cell receptor beta joining 2-4

Predicted to be involved in adaptive immune response. Predicted to be located in plasma membrane. Predicted to be part of T cell receptor complex. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

T cell receptor beta joining 2-5

Predicted to be involved in adaptive immune response. Predicted to be located in plasma membrane. Predicted to be part of T cell receptor complex. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

T cell receptor beta joining 2-6

Predicted to be involved in adaptive immune response. Predicted to be located in plasma membrane. Predicted to be part of T cell receptor complex. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

T cell receptor beta joining 2-7

Predicted to be involved in adaptive immune response. Predicted to be located in plasma membrane. Predicted to be part of T cell receptor complex. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

T cell receptor beta joining 2-1

Predicted to be involved in adaptive immune response. Predicted to be located in plasma membrane. Predicted to be part of T cell receptor complex. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

T cell receptor beta joining 2-2

Predicted to be involved in adaptive immune response. Predicted to be located in plasma membrane. Predicted to be part of T cell receptor complex. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

T cell receptor beta joining 2-3

Predicted to be involved in adaptive immune response. Predicted to be located in plasma membrane. Predicted to be part of T cell receptor complex. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

olfactory receptor, family 4, subfamily P, member 1 pseudogene

Olfactory receptors interact with odorant molecules in the nose, to initiate a neuronal response that triggers the perception of a smell. The olfactory receptor proteins are members of a large family of G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCR) arising from single coding-exon genes. Olfactory receptors share a 7-transmembrane domain structure with many neurotransmitter and hormone receptors and are responsible for the recognition and G protein-mediated transduction of odorant signals. The olfactory receptor gene family is the largest in the genome. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

olfactory receptor, family 4, subfamily C, member 14 pseudogene

Olfactory receptors interact with odorant molecules in the nose, to initiate a neuronal response that triggers the perception of a smell. The olfactory receptor proteins are members of a large family of G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCR) arising from single coding-exon genes. Olfactory receptors share a 7-transmembrane domain structure with many neurotransmitter and hormone receptors and are responsible for the recognition and G protein-mediated transduction of odorant signals. The olfactory receptor gene family is the largest in the genome. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

olfactory receptor, family 7, subfamily E, member 157 pseudogene

Olfactory receptors interact with odorant molecules in the nose, to initiate a neuronal response that triggers the perception of a smell. The olfactory receptor proteins are members of a large family of G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCR) arising from single coding-exon genes. Olfactory receptors share a 7-transmembrane domain structure with many neurotransmitter and hormone receptors and are responsible for the recognition and G protein-mediated transduction of odorant signals. The olfactory receptor gene family is the largest in the genome. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

olfactory receptor, family 6, subfamily V, member 1

Olfactory receptors interact with odorant molecules in the nose, to initiate a neuronal response that triggers the perception of a smell. The olfactory receptor proteins are members of a large family of G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCR) arising from single coding-exon genes. Olfactory receptors share a 7-transmembrane domain structure with many neurotransmitter and hormone receptors and are responsible for the recognition and G protein-mediated transduction of odorant signals. The olfactory receptor gene family is the largest in the genome. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

vomeronasal 1 receptor 106 pseudogene

cannabinoid receptor 1 (brain)

This gene encodes one of two cannabinoid receptors. The cannabinoids, principally delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol and synthetic analogs, are psychoactive ingredients of marijuana. The cannabinoid receptors are members of the guanine-nucleotide-binding protein (G-protein) coupled receptor family, which inhibit adenylate cyclase activity in a dose-dependent, stereoselective and pertussis toxin-sensitive manner. The two receptors have been found to be involved in the cannabinoid-induced CNS effects (including alterations in mood and cognition) experienced by users of marijuana. Multiple transcript variants encoding two different protein isoforms have been described for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, May 2009]

cannabinoid receptor 2 (macrophage)

The cannabinoid delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol is the principal psychoactive ingredient of marijuana. The proteins encoded by this gene and the cannabinoid receptor 1 (brain) (CNR1) gene have the characteristics of a guanine nucleotide-binding protein (G-protein)-coupled receptor for cannabinoids. They inhibit adenylate cyclase activity in a dose-dependent, stereoselective, and pertussis toxin-sensitive manner. These proteins have been found to be involved in the cannabinoid-induced CNS effects (including alterations in mood and cognition) experienced by users of marijuana. The cannabinoid receptors are members of family 1 of the G-protein-coupled receptors. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

olfactory receptor, family 2, subfamily A, member 15 pseudogene

Olfactory receptors interact with odorant molecules in the nose, to initiate a neuronal response that triggers the perception of a smell. The olfactory receptor proteins are members of a large family of G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCR) arising from single coding-exon genes. Olfactory receptors share a 7-transmembrane domain structure with many neurotransmitter and hormone receptors and are responsible for the recognition and G protein-mediated transduction of odorant signals. The olfactory receptor gene family is the largest in the genome. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

T cell receptor beta variable 20-1

Predicted to be involved in cell surface receptor signaling pathway. Predicted to be part of T cell receptor complex. Predicted to be active in plasma membrane. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

olfactory receptor, family 6, subfamily C, member 2 pseudogene

adhesion G protein-coupled receptor A1 antisense RNA 1

tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 20

cannabinoid receptor interacting protein 1

This gene encodes a protein that interacts with the C-terminal tail of cannabinoid receptor 1. Two transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been described for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2013]

olfactory receptor, family 2, subfamily T, member 34

Olfactory receptors interact with odorant molecules in the nose, to initiate a neuronal response that triggers the perception of a smell. The olfactory receptor proteins are members of a large family of G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCR) arising from single coding-exon genes. Olfactory receptors share a 7-transmembrane domain structure with many neurotransmitter and hormone receptors and are responsible for the recognition and G protein-mediated transduction of odorant signals. The olfactory receptor gene family is the largest in the genome. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

olfactory receptor, family 2, subfamily T, member 35

Olfactory receptors interact with odorant molecules in the nose, to initiate a neuronal response that triggers the perception of a smell. The olfactory receptor proteins are members of a large family of G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCR) arising from single coding-exon genes. Olfactory receptors share a 7-transmembrane domain structure with many neurotransmitter and hormone receptors and are responsible for the recognition and G protein-mediated transduction of odorant signals. The olfactory receptor gene family is the largest in the genome. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

olfactory receptor, family 2, subfamily T, member 33

Olfactory receptors interact with odorant molecules in the nose, to initiate a neuronal response that triggers the perception of a smell. The olfactory receptor proteins are members of a large family of G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCR) arising from single coding-exon genes. Olfactory receptors share a 7-transmembrane domain structure with many neurotransmitter and hormone receptors and are responsible for the recognition and G protein-mediated transduction of odorant signals. The olfactory receptor gene family is the largest in the genome. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

vomeronasal 1 receptor 38 pseudogene

olfactory receptor, family 5, subfamily P, member 1 pseudogene

Olfactory receptors interact with odorant molecules in the nose, to initiate a neuronal response that triggers the perception of a smell. The olfactory receptor proteins are members of a large family of G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCR) arising from single coding-exon genes. Olfactory receptors share a 7-transmembrane domain structure with many neurotransmitter and hormone receptors and are responsible for the recognition and G protein-mediated transduction of odorant signals. The olfactory receptor gene family is the largest in the genome. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

glutamate receptor, ionotropic, delta 2 (Grid2) interacting protein

Glutamate receptor delta-2 (GRID2; MIM 602368) is predominantly expressed at parallel fiber-Purkinje cell postsynapses and plays crucial roles in synaptogenesis and synaptic plasticity. GRID2IP1 interacts with GRID2 and may control GRID2 signaling in Purkinje cells (Matsuda et al., 2006 [PubMed 16835239]).[supplied by OMIM, Mar 2008]

5-hydroxytryptamine (serotonin) receptor 3, family member E pseudogene

olfactory receptor, family 4, subfamily A, member 47

Olfactory receptors interact with odorant molecules in the nose, to initiate a neuronal response that triggers the perception of a smell. The olfactory receptor proteins are members of a large family of G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCR) arising from single coding-exon genes. Olfactory receptors share a 7-transmembrane domain structure with many neurotransmitter and hormone receptors and are responsible for the recognition and G protein-mediated transduction of odorant signals. The olfactory receptor gene family is the largest in the genome. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) B receptor, 1

This gene encodes a receptor for gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), which is the main inhibitory neurotransmitter in the mammalian central nervous system. This receptor functions as a heterodimer with GABA(B) receptor 2. Defects in this gene may underlie brain disorders such as schizophrenia and epilepsy. Alternative splicing generates multiple transcript variants, but the full-length nature of some of these variants has not been determined. [provided by RefSeq, Jan 2016]

G protein-coupled receptor, class C, group 6, member A

Members of family C of the G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) superfamily, such as GPRC6A, are characterized by an evolutionarily conserved amino acid-sensing motif linked to an intramembranous 7-transmembrane loop region. Several members of GPCR family C, including GPRC6A, also have a long N-terminal domain (summary by Pi et al., 2005 [PubMed 16199532]).[supplied by OMIM, Nov 2010]

olfactory receptor, family 2, subfamily AS, member 2 pseudogene

Olfactory receptors interact with odorant molecules in the nose, to initiate a neuronal response that triggers the perception of a smell. The olfactory receptor proteins are members of a large family of G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCR) arising from single coding-exon genes. Olfactory receptors share a 7-transmembrane domain structure with many neurotransmitter and hormone receptors and are responsible for the recognition and G protein-mediated transduction of odorant signals. The olfactory receptor gene family is the largest in the genome. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

aryl-hydrocarbon receptor repressor

The protein encoded by this gene participates in the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) signaling cascade, which mediates dioxin toxicity, and is involved in regulation of cell growth and differentiation. It functions as a feedback modulator by repressing AhR-dependent gene expression. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been described for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Jun 2011]

vomeronasal 1 receptor 65 pseudogene

olfactory receptor, family 2, subfamily J, member 3 pseudogene

olfactory receptor, family 2, subfamily W, member 1 pseudogene

olfactory receptor, family 8, subfamily J, member 2 (gene/pseudogene)

Olfactory receptors interact with odorant molecules in the nose, to initiate a neuronal response that triggers the perception of a smell. The olfactory receptor proteins are members of a large family of G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCR) arising from single coding-exon genes. Olfactory receptors share a 7-transmembrane domain structure with many neurotransmitter and hormone receptors and are responsible for the recognition and G protein-mediated transduction of odorant signals. The olfactory receptor gene family is the largest in the genome. This olfactory receptor gene is a segregating pseudogene, where some individuals have an allele that encodes a functional olfactory receptor, while other individuals have an allele encoding a protein that is predicted to be non-functional. [provided by RefSeq, Jan 2017]

olfactory receptor, family 8, subfamily J, member 3

Predicted to enable odorant binding activity and olfactory receptor activity. Predicted to be involved in G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway and sensory perception of smell. Predicted to be located in plasma membrane. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

olfactory receptor, family 2, subfamily G, member 6 pseudogene

olfactory receptor, family 8, subfamily J, member 1

Olfactory receptors interact with odorant molecules in the nose, to initiate a neuronal response that triggers the perception of a smell. The olfactory receptor proteins are members of a large family of G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCR) arising from single coding-exon genes. Olfactory receptors share a 7-transmembrane domain structure with many neurotransmitter and hormone receptors and are responsible for the recognition and G protein-mediated transduction of odorant signals. The olfactory receptor gene family is the largest in the genome. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

olfactory receptor, family 2, subfamily J, member 3 pseudogene

olfactory receptor, family 2, subfamily B, member 6 pseudogene

olfactory receptor, family 2, subfamily Y, member 1 pseudogene

olfactory receptor, family 2, subfamily B, member 2 pseudogene

olfactory receptor, family 2, subfamily C, member 3

Olfactory receptors interact with odorant molecules in the nose, to initiate a neuronal response that triggers the perception of a smell. The olfactory receptor proteins are members of a large family of G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCR) arising from single coding-exon genes. Olfactory receptors share a 7-transmembrane domain structure with many neurotransmitter and hormone receptors and are responsible for the recognition and G protein-mediated transduction of odorant signals. The olfactory receptor gene family is the largest in the genome. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

olfactory receptor, family 2, subfamily C, member 1

Olfactory receptors interact with odorant molecules in the nose, to initiate a neuronal response that triggers the perception of a smell. The olfactory receptor proteins are members of a large family of G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCR) arising from single coding-exon genes. Olfactory receptors share a 7-transmembrane domain structure with many neurotransmitter and hormone receptors and are responsible for the recognition and G protein-mediated transduction of odorant signals. The olfactory receptor gene family is the largest in the genome. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

olfactory receptor, family 51, subfamily A, member 2

Olfactory receptors interact with odorant molecules in the nose, to initiate a neuronal response that triggers the perception of a smell. The olfactory receptor proteins are members of a large family of G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCR) arising from single coding-exon genes. Olfactory receptors share a 7-transmembrane domain structure with many neurotransmitter and hormone receptors and are responsible for the recognition and G protein-mediated transduction of odorant signals. The olfactory receptor gene family is the largest in the genome. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

olfactory receptor, family 7, subfamily E, member 105 pseudogene

Olfactory receptors interact with odorant molecules in the nose, to initiate a neuronal response that triggers the perception of a smell. The olfactory receptor proteins are members of a large family of G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCR) arising from single coding-exon genes. Olfactory receptors share a 7-transmembrane domain structure with many neurotransmitter and hormone receptors and are responsible for the recognition and G protein-mediated transduction of odorant signals. The olfactory receptor gene family is the largest in the genome. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

vomeronasal 2 receptor 18 pseudogene

vomeronasal 1 receptor 66 pseudogene

olfactory receptor, family 7, subfamily E, member 53 pseudogene

Olfactory receptors interact with odorant molecules in the nose, to initiate a neuronal response that triggers the perception of a smell. The olfactory receptor proteins are members of a large family of G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCR) arising from single coding-exon genes. Olfactory receptors share a 7-transmembrane domain structure with many neurotransmitter and hormone receptors and are responsible for the recognition and G protein-mediated transduction of odorant signals. The olfactory receptor gene family is the largest in the genome. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

olfactory receptor, family 52, subfamily E, member 7 pseudogene

Olfactory receptors interact with odorant molecules in the nose, to initiate a neuronal response that triggers the perception of a smell. The olfactory receptor proteins are members of a large family of G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCR) arising from single coding-exon genes. Olfactory receptors share a 7-transmembrane domain structure with many neurotransmitter and hormone receptors and are responsible for the recognition and G protein-mediated transduction of odorant signals. The olfactory receptor gene family is the largest in the genome. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

G protein-coupled receptor 146

Enables G protein-coupled receptor activity. Involved in adenylate cyclase-inhibiting G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway and regulation of cholesterol biosynthetic process. Is active in plasma membrane. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

G protein-coupled receptor 142

GPR142 is a member of the rhodopsin family of G protein-coupled receptors (GPRs) (Fredriksson et al., 2003 [PubMed 14623098]).[supplied by OMIM, Mar 2008]

G protein-coupled receptor 143

This gene encodes a protein that binds to heterotrimeric G proteins and is targeted to melanosomes in pigment cells. This protein is thought to be involved in intracellular signal transduction mechanisms. Mutations in this gene cause ocular albinism type 1, also referred to as Nettleship-Falls type ocular albinism, a severe visual disorder. A related pseudogene has been identified on chromosome Y. [provided by RefSeq, Dec 2009]

G protein-coupled receptor 148

Predicted to enable odorant binding activity and olfactory receptor activity. Predicted to be involved in detection of chemical stimulus involved in sensory perception of smell. Located in plasma membrane. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

G protein-coupled receptor 149

This gene encodes a seven-transmembrane G protein coupled receptor (GPCR) class A family member. Although categorized as a class A GPCR, the encoded protein lacks the first two charged amino acids of the highly conserved Asp-Arg-Tyr (DRY) motif found in the third transmembrane helix of class A receptors which is important for efficient G protein-coupled signal transduction. Mice with a knockout of the orthologous gene are viable and have normal maturation of the ovarian follicle, but show enhanced fertility and ovulation. All GPCRs have a common structural architecture consisting of seven transmembrane alpha-helices interconnected by three extracellular and three intracellular loops. A general feature of GPCR signaling is agonist-induced conformational changes in the receptor, leading to activation of the heterotrimeric G proteins, which consist of the guanine nucleotide-binding G-alpha subunit and the dimeric G-beta-gamma subunits. The activated G proteins then bind to and activate numerous downstream effector proteins, which generate second messengers that mediate a broad range of cellular and physiological processes. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2017]

receptor (TNFRSF)-interacting serine-threonine kinase 1

This gene encodes a member of the receptor-interacting protein (RIP) family of serine/threonine protein kinases. The encoded protein plays a role in inflammation and cell death in response to tissue damage, pathogen recognition, and as part of developmental regulation. RIPK1/RIPK3 kinase-mediated necrosis is referred to as necroptosis. Genetic disruption of this gene in mice results in death shortly after birth. [provided by RefSeq, Aug 2017]

receptor-interacting serine-threonine kinase 3

The product of this gene is a member of the receptor-interacting protein (RIP) family of serine/threonine protein kinases, and contains a C-terminal domain unique from other RIP family members. The encoded protein is predominantly localized to the cytoplasm, and can undergo nucleocytoplasmic shuttling dependent on novel nuclear localization and export signals. It is a component of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor-I signaling complex, and can induce apoptosis and weakly activate the NF-kappaB transcription factor. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

receptor-interacting serine-threonine kinase 2

This gene encodes a member of the receptor-interacting protein (RIP) family of serine/threonine protein kinases. The encoded protein contains a C-terminal caspase activation and recruitment domain (CARD), and is a component of signaling complexes in both the innate and adaptive immune pathways. It is a potent activator of NF-kappaB and inducer of apoptosis in response to various stimuli. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

olfactory receptor, family 13, subfamily C, member 1 pseudogene

Olfactory receptors interact with odorant molecules in the nose, to initiate a neuronal response that triggers the perception of a smell. The olfactory receptor proteins are members of a large family of G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCR) arising from single coding-exon genes. Olfactory receptors share a 7-transmembrane domain structure with many neurotransmitter and hormone receptors and are responsible for the recognition and G protein-mediated transduction of odorant signals. The olfactory receptor gene family is the largest in the genome. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

nerve growth factor receptor (TNFRSF16) associated protein 1

Enables identical protein binding activity. Predicted to be involved in negative regulation of protein ubiquitination and signal transduction. Predicted to act upstream of or within extrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway via death domain receptors. Located in cytosol. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

G protein-coupled receptor 165 pseudogene

olfactory receptor, family 5, subfamily J, member 2

Olfactory receptors interact with odorant molecules in the nose, to initiate a neuronal response that triggers the perception of a smell. The olfactory receptor proteins are members of a large family of G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCR) arising from single coding-exon genes. Olfactory receptors share a 7-transmembrane domain structure with many neurotransmitter and hormone receptors and are responsible for the recognition and G protein-mediated transduction of odorant signals. The olfactory receptor gene family is the largest in the genome. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

G protein-coupled receptor 152

Enables identical protein binding activity. Predicted to be involved in G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway. Predicted to be located in membrane. Predicted to be active in plasma membrane. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

G protein-coupled receptor 150

This gene encodes an orphan member of the class A rhodopsin-like family of G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs). Within the rhodopsin-like family, this gene is a member of the vasopressin-like subfamily that also includes vasopressin and oxytocin receptors. The silencing of this gene, due to promoter methylation, is associated with ovarian cancer progression. All GPCRs have a transmembrane domain that includes seven transmembrane alpha-helices. A general feature of GPCR signaling is the agonist-induced conformational change in the receptor, leading to activation of the heterotrimeric G protein. The activated G protein then binds to and activates numerous downstream effector proteins, which generate second messengers that mediate a broad range of cellular and physiological processes. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2017]

G protein-coupled receptor 157

Predicted to enable G protein-coupled receptor activity. Predicted to be involved in adenylate cyclase-activating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway; phospholipase C-activating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway; and radial glial cell differentiation. Predicted to be located in ciliary membrane. Predicted to be active in plasma membrane. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

T cell receptor alpha joining 32

T cell receptors recognize foreign antigens which have been processed as small peptides and bound to major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules at the surface of antigen presenting cells (APC). Each T cell receptor is a dimer consisting of one alpha and one beta chain or one delta and one gamma chain. In a single cell, the T cell receptor loci are rearranged and expressed in the order delta, gamma, beta, and alpha. If both delta and gamma rearrangements produce functional chains, the cell expresses delta and gamma. If not, the cell proceeds to rearrange the beta and alpha loci. This region represents the germline organization of the T cell receptor alpha and delta loci. Both the alpha and delta loci include V (variable), J (joining), and C (constant) segments and the delta locus also includes diversity (D) segments. The delta locus is situated within the alpha locus, between the alpha V and J segments. During T cell development, the delta chain is synthesized by a recombination event at the DNA level joining a D segment with a J segment; a V segment is then joined to the D-J gene. The alpha chain is synthesized by recombination joining a single V segment with a J segment. For both chains, the C segment is later joined by splicing at the RNA level. Recombination of many different V segments with several J segments provides a wide range of antigen recognition. Additional diversity is attained by junctional diversity, resulting from the random additional of nucleotides by terminal deoxynucleotidyltransferase. Five variable segments can be used in either alpha or delta chains and are described by TRAV/DV symbols. Several V and J segments of the alpha locus are known to be incapable of encoding a protein and are considered pseudogenes. [provided by RefSeq, Aug 2016]

nuclear receptor binding factor 2 pseudogene 5

olfactory receptor, family 4, subfamily L, member 1

Olfactory receptors interact with odorant molecules in the nose, to initiate a neuronal response that triggers the perception of a smell. The olfactory receptor proteins are members of a large family of G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCR) arising from single coding-exon genes. Olfactory receptors share a 7-transmembrane domain structure with many neurotransmitter and hormone receptors and are responsible for the recognition and G protein-mediated transduction of odorant signals. The olfactory receptor gene family is the largest in the genome. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

adhesion G protein-coupled receptor L4

Predicted to enable G protein-coupled receptor activity. Predicted to be involved in adenylate cyclase-activating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway. Predicted to be located in cytoplasmic vesicle. Predicted to be active in plasma membrane. Biomarker of glioblastoma and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

adhesion G protein-coupled receptor L2

This gene encodes a member of the latrophilin subfamily of G-protein coupled receptors. The encoded protein participates in the regulation of exocytosis. The proprotein is thought to be further cleaved within a cysteine-rich G-protein-coupled receptor proteolysis site into two chains that are non-covalently bound at the cell membrane. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2014]

adhesion G protein-coupled receptor L3

This gene encodes a member of the latrophilin subfamily of G-protein coupled receptors (GPCR). Latrophilins may function in both cell adhesion and signal transduction. In experiments with non-human species, endogenous proteolytic cleavage within a cysteine-rich GPS (G-protein-coupled-receptor proteolysis site) domain resulted in two subunits (a large extracellular N-terminal cell adhesion subunit and a subunit with substantial similarity to the secretin/calcitonin family of GPCRs) being non-covalently bound at the cell membrane. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

adhesion G protein-coupled receptor L1

This gene encodes a member of the latrophilin subfamily of G-protein coupled receptors (GPCR). Latrophilins may function in both cell adhesion and signal transduction. In experiments with non-human species, endogenous proteolytic cleavage within a cysteine-rich GPS (G-protein-coupled-receptor proteolysis site) domain resulted in two subunits (a large extracellular N-terminal cell adhesion subunit and a subunit with substantial similarity to the secretin/calcitonin family of GPCRs) being non-covalently bound at the cell membrane. Latrophilin-1 has been shown to recruit the neurotoxin from black widow spider venom, alpha-latrotoxin, to the synapse plasma membrane. Alternative splicing results in multiple variants encoding distinct isoforms.[provided by RefSeq, Oct 2008]

protein tyrosine phosphatase, receptor type, f polypeptide (PTPRF), interacting protein (liprin), alpha 4

PPFIA4, or liprin-alpha-4, belongs to the liprin-alpha gene family. See liprin-alpha-1 (LIP1, or PPFIA1; MIM 611054) for background on liprins.[supplied by OMIM, Mar 2008]

olfactory receptor, family 11, subfamily K, member 2 pseudogene

Olfactory receptors interact with odorant molecules in the nose, to initiate a neuronal response that triggers the perception of a smell. The olfactory receptor proteins are members of a large family of G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCR) arising from single coding-exon genes. Olfactory receptors share a 7-transmembrane domain structure with many neurotransmitter and hormone receptors and are responsible for the recognition and G protein-mediated transduction of odorant signals. The olfactory receptor gene family is the largest in the genome. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

olfactory receptor, family 10, subfamily Q, member 2 pseudogene

Olfactory receptors interact with odorant molecules in the nose, to initiate a neuronal response that triggers the perception of a smell. The olfactory receptor proteins are members of a large family of G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCR) arising from single coding-exon genes. Olfactory receptors share a 7-transmembrane domain structure with many neurotransmitter and hormone receptors and are responsible for the recognition and G protein-mediated transduction of odorant signals. The olfactory receptor gene family is the largest in the genome. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

mitochondrial import receptor subunit TOM22 homolog pseudogene

olfactory receptor, family 7, subfamily A, member 18 pseudogene

Olfactory receptors interact with odorant molecules in the nose, to initiate a neuronal response that triggers the perception of a smell. The olfactory receptor proteins are members of a large family of G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCR) arising from single coding-exon genes. Olfactory receptors share a 7-transmembrane domain structure with many neurotransmitter and hormone receptors and are responsible for the recognition and G protein-mediated transduction of odorant signals. The olfactory receptor gene family is the largest in the genome. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

olfactory receptor, family 5, subfamily J, member 7 pseudogene

Olfactory receptors interact with odorant molecules in the nose, to initiate a neuronal response that triggers the perception of a smell. The olfactory receptor proteins are members of a large family of G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCR) arising from single coding-exon genes. Olfactory receptors share a 7-transmembrane domain structure with many neurotransmitter and hormone receptors and are responsible for the recognition and G protein-mediated transduction of odorant signals. The olfactory receptor gene family is the largest in the genome. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

progestin and adipoQ receptor family member IX

Predicted to enable signaling receptor activity. Predicted to be located in plasma membrane. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

olfactory receptor, family 51, subfamily H, member 2 pseudogene

Olfactory receptors interact with odorant molecules in the nose, to initiate a neuronal response that triggers the perception of a smell. The olfactory receptor proteins are members of a large family of G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCR) arising from single coding-exon genes. Olfactory receptors share a 7-transmembrane domain structure with many neurotransmitter and hormone receptors and are responsible for the recognition and G protein-mediated transduction of odorant signals. The olfactory receptor gene family is the largest in the genome. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

signal sequence receptor, gamma (translocon-associated protein gamma) pseudogene

olfactory receptor, family 10, subfamily J, member 6 pseudogene

Olfactory receptors interact with odorant molecules in the nose, to initiate a neuronal response that triggers the perception of a smell. The olfactory receptor proteins are members of a large family of G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCR) arising from single coding-exon genes. Olfactory receptors share a 7-transmembrane domain structure with many neurotransmitter and hormone receptors and are responsible for the recognition and G protein-mediated transduction of odorant signals. The olfactory receptor gene family is the largest in the genome. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

neuromedin B receptor

This gene encodes a 7-transmembrane G protein-coupled receptor that binds neuromedin B, which is a growth factor and mitogen for gastrointestinal epithelial tissue and for normal and neoplastic lung. This receptor may play a role in smooth muscle contraction, neuronal responses, and the regulation of cell growth. Antagonists of this receptor have a potential therapeutic use in inhibiting tumor cell growth. Polymorphisms in this gene may be associated with a susceptibility for schizophrenia. Alternative splicing of this gene results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Apr 2016]

olfactory receptor, family 6, subfamily M, member 2 pseudogene

Olfactory receptors interact with odorant molecules in the nose, to initiate a neuronal response that triggers the perception of a smell. The olfactory receptor proteins are members of a large family of G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCR) arising from single coding-exon genes. Olfactory receptors share a 7-transmembrane domain structure with many neurotransmitter and hormone receptors and are responsible for the recognition and G protein-mediated transduction of odorant signals. The olfactory receptor gene family is the largest in the genome. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

ROS proto-oncogene 1 , receptor tyrosine kinase

This proto-oncogene, highly-expressed in a variety of tumor cell lines, belongs to the sevenless subfamily of tyrosine kinase insulin receptor genes. The protein encoded by this gene is a type I integral membrane protein with tyrosine kinase activity. The protein may function as a growth or differentiation factor receptor. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

adiponectin receptor 2

The adiponectin receptors, ADIPOR1 (MIM 607945) and ADIPOR2, serve as receptors for globular and full-length adiponectin (MIM 605441) and mediate increased AMPK (see MIM 602739) and PPAR-alpha (PPARA; MIM 170998) ligand activities, as well as fatty acid oxidation and glucose uptake by adiponectin (Yamauchi et al., 2003 [PubMed 12802337]).[supplied by OMIM, Mar 2008]

adiponectin receptor 1

This gene encodes a protein which acts as a receptor for adiponectin, a hormone secreted by adipocytes which regulates fatty acid catabolism and glucose levels. Binding of adiponectin to the encoded protein results in activation of an AMP-activated kinase signaling pathway which affects levels of fatty acid oxidation and insulin sensitivity. A pseudogene of this gene is located on chromosome 14. Multiple alternatively spliced transcript variants have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Mar 2014]

olfactory receptor, family 7, subfamily E, member 47 pseudogene

Olfactory receptors interact with odorant molecules in the nose, to initiate a neuronal response that triggers the perception of a smell. The olfactory receptor proteins are members of a large family of G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCR) arising from single coding-exon genes. Olfactory receptors share a 7-transmembrane domain structure with many neurotransmitter and hormone receptors and are responsible for the recognition and G protein-mediated transduction of odorant signals. The olfactory receptor gene family is the largest in the genome. The nomenclature assigned to the olfactory receptor genes and proteins for this organism is independent of other organisms. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

vomeronasal 1 receptor 105 pseudogene

neuronal pentraxin receptor

This gene encodes a protein similar to the rat neuronal pentraxin receptor. The rat pentraxin receptor is an integral membrane protein that is thought to mediate neuronal uptake of the snake venom toxin, taipoxin, and its transport into the synapses. Studies in rat indicate that translation of this mRNA initiates at a non-AUG (CUG) codon. This may also be true for mouse and human, based on strong sequence conservation amongst these species. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

estrogen-related receptor alpha pseudogene 2

estrogen-related receptor alpha pseudogene 1

low density lipoprotein receptor class A domain containing 1

Predicted to be located in membrane. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

low density lipoprotein receptor class A domain containing 2

Predicted to be located in membrane. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

low density lipoprotein receptor class A domain containing 3

Predicted to enable amyloid-beta binding activity. Predicted to be involved in receptor-mediated endocytosis. Predicted to act upstream of or within regulation of protein processing. Predicted to be located in membrane. Predicted to be active in plasma membrane. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

CGRP receptor component

This gene encodes a membrane protein that functions as part of a receptor complex for a small neuropeptide that increases intracellular cAMP levels. Alternate transcriptional splice variants, encoding different isoforms, have been characterized. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

olfactory receptor, family 9, subfamily K, member 1 pseudogene

Olfactory receptors interact with odorant molecules in the nose, to initiate a neuronal response that triggers the perception of a smell. The olfactory receptor proteins are members of a large family of G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCR) arising from single coding-exon genes. Olfactory receptors share a 7-transmembrane domain structure with many neurotransmitter and hormone receptors and are responsible for the recognition and G protein-mediated transduction of odorant signals. The olfactory receptor gene family is the largest in the genome. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

olfactory receptor, family 13, subfamily C, member 6 pseudogene

Olfactory receptors interact with odorant molecules in the nose, to initiate a neuronal response that triggers the perception of a smell. The olfactory receptor proteins are members of a large family of G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCR) arising from single coding-exon genes. Olfactory receptors share a 7-transmembrane domain structure with many neurotransmitter and hormone receptors and are responsible for the recognition and G protein-mediated transduction of odorant signals. The olfactory receptor gene family is the largest in the genome. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

olfactory receptor, family 13, subfamily G, member 1

Olfactory receptors interact with odorant molecules in the nose, to initiate a neuronal response that triggers the perception of a smell. The olfactory receptor proteins are members of a large family of G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCR) arising from single coding-exon genes. Olfactory receptors share a 7-transmembrane domain structure with many neurotransmitter and hormone receptors and are responsible for the recognition and G protein-mediated transduction of odorant signals. The olfactory receptor gene family is the largest in the genome. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

gonadotropin-releasing hormone (type 2) receptor 2 pseudogene 1

interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase 1 binding protein 1

Predicted to enable signaling adaptor activity. Predicted to be involved in canonical NF-kappaB signal transduction. Predicted to be located in cytoplasm and nucleus. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

olfactory receptor, family 4, subfamily D, member 7 pseudogene

Olfactory receptors interact with odorant molecules in the nose, to initiate a neuronal response that triggers the perception of a smell. The olfactory receptor proteins are members of a large family of G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCR) arising from single coding-exon genes. Olfactory receptors share a 7-transmembrane domain structure with many neurotransmitter and hormone receptors and are responsible for the recognition and G protein-mediated transduction of odorant signals. The olfactory receptor gene family is the largest in the genome. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

olfactory receptor, family 11, subfamily G, member 1 pseudogene

Olfactory receptors interact with odorant molecules in the nose, to initiate a neuronal response that triggers the perception of a smell. The olfactory receptor proteins are members of a large family of G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCR) arising from single coding-exon genes. Olfactory receptors share a 7-transmembrane domain structure with many neurotransmitter and hormone receptors and are responsible for the recognition and G protein-mediated transduction of odorant signals. The olfactory receptor gene family is the largest in the genome. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

olfactory receptor, family 52, subfamily P, member 2 pseudogene

Olfactory receptors interact with odorant molecules in the nose, to initiate a neuronal response that triggers the perception of a smell. The olfactory receptor proteins are members of a large family of G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCR) arising from single coding-exon genes. Olfactory receptors share a 7-transmembrane domain structure with many neurotransmitter and hormone receptors and are responsible for the recognition and G protein-mediated transduction of odorant signals. The olfactory receptor gene family is the largest in the genome. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

olfactory receptor, family 10, subfamily S, member 1

Olfactory receptors interact with odorant molecules in the nose, to initiate a neuronal response that triggers the perception of a smell. The olfactory receptor proteins are members of a large family of G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCR) arising from single coding-exon genes. Olfactory receptors share a 7-transmembrane domain structure with many neurotransmitter and hormone receptors and are responsible for the recognition and G protein-mediated transduction of odorant signals. The olfactory receptor gene family is the largest in the genome. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

olfactory receptor, family 52, subfamily X, member 1 pseudogene

Olfactory receptors interact with odorant molecules in the nose, to initiate a neuronal response that triggers the perception of a smell. The olfactory receptor proteins are members of a large family of G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCR) arising from single coding-exon genes. Olfactory receptors share a 7-transmembrane domain structure with many neurotransmitter and hormone receptors and are responsible for the recognition and G protein-mediated transduction of odorant signals. The olfactory receptor gene family is the largest in the genome. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

olfactory receptor, family 51, subfamily B, member 3 pseudogene

Olfactory receptors interact with odorant molecules in the nose, to initiate a neuronal response that triggers the perception of a smell. The olfactory receptor proteins are members of a large family of G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCR) arising from single coding-exon genes. Olfactory receptors share a 7-transmembrane domain structure with many neurotransmitter and hormone receptors and are responsible for the recognition and G protein-mediated transduction of odorant signals. The olfactory receptor gene family is the largest in the genome. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

olfactory receptor, family 51, subfamily A, member 10 pseudogene

Olfactory receptors interact with odorant molecules in the nose, to initiate a neuronal response that triggers the perception of a smell. The olfactory receptor proteins are members of a large family of G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCR) arising from single coding-exon genes. Olfactory receptors share a 7-transmembrane domain structure with many neurotransmitter and hormone receptors and are responsible for the recognition and G protein-mediated transduction of odorant signals. The olfactory receptor gene family is the largest in the genome. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

G protein-coupled receptor 125 pseudogene

colony stimulating factor 1 receptor

The protein encoded by this gene is the receptor for colony stimulating factor 1, a cytokine which controls the production, differentiation, and function of macrophages. This receptor mediates most if not all of the biological effects of this cytokine. Ligand binding activates the receptor kinase through a process of oligomerization and transphosphorylation. The encoded protein is a tyrosine kinase transmembrane receptor and member of the CSF1/PDGF receptor family of tyrosine-protein kinases. Mutations in this gene have been associated with a predisposition to myeloid malignancy. The first intron of this gene contains a transcriptionally inactive ribosomal protein L7 processed pseudogene oriented in the opposite direction. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. Expression of a splice variant from an LTR promoter has been found in Hodgkin lymphoma (HL), HL cell lines and anaplastic large cell lymphoma. [provided by RefSeq, Mar 2017]

T cell receptor gamma joining 2

T cell receptor gamma joining 1

Predicted to be involved in adaptive immune response. Predicted to be located in plasma membrane. Predicted to be part of T cell receptor complex. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

T cell receptor gamma joining P

olfactory receptor, family 7, subfamily A, member 5

Olfactory receptors interact with odorant molecules in the nose, to initiate a neuronal response that triggers the perception of a smell. The olfactory receptor proteins are members of a large family of G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCR) arising from single coding-exon genes. Olfactory receptors share a 7-transmembrane domain structure with many neurotransmitter and hormone receptors and are responsible for the recognition and G protein-mediated transduction of odorant signals. The olfactory receptor gene family is the largest in the genome. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

vomeronasal 1 receptor 82 pseudogene

vomeronasal 1 receptor 17 pseudogene

Predicted to enable pheromone receptor activity. Predicted to be involved in G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway; response to pheromone; and sensory perception of chemical stimulus. Predicted to act upstream of or within hematopoietic progenitor cell differentiation. Predicted to be located in plasma membrane. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

glucagon receptor

The protein encoded by this gene is a glucagon receptor that is important in controlling blood glucose levels. Defects in this gene are a cause of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM).[provided by RefSeq, Jan 2010]

olfactory receptor, family 7, subfamily E, member 84 pseudogene

Olfactory receptors interact with odorant molecules in the nose, to initiate a neuronal response that triggers the perception of a smell. The olfactory receptor proteins are members of a large family of G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCR) arising from single coding-exon genes. Olfactory receptors share a 7-transmembrane domain structure with many neurotransmitter and hormone receptors and are responsible for the recognition and G protein-mediated transduction of odorant signals. The olfactory receptor gene family is the largest in the genome. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

T cell receptor beta variable 6-8

Predicted to be involved in cell surface receptor signaling pathway. Predicted to be part of T cell receptor complex. Predicted to be active in plasma membrane. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

T cell receptor beta variable 6-9

Predicted to be involved in cell surface receptor signaling pathway. Predicted to be part of T cell receptor complex. Predicted to be active in plasma membrane. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

T cell receptor beta variable 6-5

Predicted to be involved in cell surface receptor signaling pathway. Predicted to be part of T cell receptor complex. Predicted to be active in plasma membrane. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

T cell receptor beta variable 6-6

Predicted to be involved in cell surface receptor signaling pathway. Predicted to be part of T cell receptor complex. Predicted to be active in plasma membrane. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

T cell receptor beta variable 6-7 (non-functional)

Predicted to be involved in cell surface receptor signaling pathway. Predicted to be part of T cell receptor complex. Predicted to be active in plasma membrane. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

T cell receptor beta variable 6-2 (gene/pseudogene)

Predicted to be involved in cell surface receptor signaling pathway. Predicted to be part of T cell receptor complex. Predicted to be active in plasma membrane. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

T cell receptor beta variable 6-3

Predicted to be involved in cell surface receptor signaling pathway. Predicted to be part of T cell receptor complex. Predicted to be active in plasma membrane. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

olfactory receptor, family 7, subfamily E, member 15 pseudogene

Olfactory receptors interact with odorant molecules in the nose, to initiate a neuronal response that triggers the perception of a smell. The olfactory receptor proteins are members of a large family of G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCR) arising from single coding-exon genes. Olfactory receptors share a 7-transmembrane domain structure with many neurotransmitter and hormone receptors and are responsible for the recognition and G protein-mediated transduction of odorant signals. The olfactory receptor gene family is the largest in the genome. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

thyroid hormone receptor, beta

The protein encoded by this gene is a nuclear hormone receptor for triiodothyronine. It is one of the several receptors for thyroid hormone, and has been shown to mediate the biological activities of thyroid hormone. Knockout studies in mice suggest that the different receptors, while having certain extent of redundancy, may mediate different functions of thyroid hormone. Mutations in this gene are known to be a cause of generalized thyroid hormone resistance (GTHR), a syndrome characterized by goiter and high levels of circulating thyroid hormone (T3-T4), with normal or slightly elevated thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH). Several alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding the same protein have been observed for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

DCC netrin 1 receptor

This gene encodes a netrin 1 receptor. The transmembrane protein is a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily of cell adhesion molecules, and mediates axon guidance of neuronal growth cones towards sources of netrin 1 ligand. The cytoplasmic tail interacts with the tyrosine kinases Src and focal adhesion kinase (FAK, also known as PTK2) to mediate axon attraction. The protein partially localizes to lipid rafts, and induces apoptosis in the absence of ligand. The protein functions as a tumor suppressor, and is frequently mutated or downregulated in colorectal cancer and esophageal carcinoma. [provided by RefSeq, Oct 2009]

thyroid hormone receptor, alpha

The protein encoded by this gene is a nuclear hormone receptor for triiodothyronine. It is one of the several receptors for thyroid hormone, and has been shown to mediate the biological activities of thyroid hormone. Knockout studies in mice suggest that the different receptors, while having certain extent of redundancy, may mediate different functions of thyroid hormone. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding distinct isoforms have been reported. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

vomeronasal 1 receptor 78 pseudogene

olfactory receptor, family 4, subfamily F, member 29

Olfactory receptors interact with odorant molecules in the nose, to initiate a neuronal response that triggers the perception of a smell. The olfactory receptor proteins are members of a large family of G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCR) arising from single coding-exon genes. Olfactory receptors share a 7-transmembrane domain structure with many neurotransmitter and hormone receptors and are responsible for the recognition and G protein-mediated transduction of odorant signals. The olfactory receptor gene family is the largest in the genome. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

olfactory receptor, family 4, subfamily F, member 21

Olfactory receptors interact with odorant molecules in the nose, to initiate a neuronal response that triggers the perception of a smell. The olfactory receptor proteins are members of a large family of G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCR) arising from single coding-exon genes. Olfactory receptors share a 7-transmembrane domain structure with many neurotransmitter and hormone receptors and are responsible for the recognition and G protein-mediated transduction of odorant signals. The olfactory receptor gene family is the largest in the genome. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

T cell receptor beta constant 1

Predicted to be involved in T cell receptor signaling pathway; adaptive immune response; and alpha-beta T cell activation. Predicted to be located in membrane. Predicted to be part of alpha-beta T cell receptor complex. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

T cell receptor beta constant 2

Predicted to be involved in T cell receptor signaling pathway; adaptive immune response; and alpha-beta T cell activation. Part of alpha-beta T cell receptor complex. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

olfactory receptor, family 8, subfamily B, member 2

Olfactory receptors interact with odorant molecules in the nose, to initiate a neuronal response that triggers the perception of a smell. The olfactory receptor proteins are members of a large family of G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCR) arising from single coding-exon genes. Olfactory receptors share a 7-transmembrane domain structure with many neurotransmitter and hormone receptors and are responsible for the recognition and G protein-mediated transduction of odorant signals. The olfactory receptor gene family is the largest in the genome. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

olfactory receptor, family 8, subfamily B, member 3

Olfactory receptors interact with odorant molecules in the nose, to initiate a neuronal response that triggers the perception of a smell. The olfactory receptor proteins are members of a large family of G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCR) arising from single coding-exon genes. Olfactory receptors share a 7-transmembrane domain structure with many neurotransmitter and hormone receptors and are responsible for the recognition and G protein-mediated transduction of odorant signals. The olfactory receptor gene family is the largest in the genome. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

olfactory receptor, family 8, subfamily B, member 4 (gene/pseudogene)

Olfactory receptors interact with odorant molecules in the nose, to initiate a neuronal response that triggers the perception of a smell. The olfactory receptor proteins are members of a large family of G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCR) arising from single coding-exon genes. Olfactory receptors share a 7-transmembrane domain structure with many neurotransmitter and hormone receptors and are responsible for the recognition and G protein-mediated transduction of odorant signals. The olfactory receptor gene family is the largest in the genome. This olfactory receptor gene is a segregating pseudogene, where some individuals have an allele that encodes a functional olfactory receptor, while other individuals have an allele encoding a protein that is predicted to be non-functional. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2015]

olfactory receptor, family 8, subfamily B, member 8

Olfactory receptors interact with odorant molecules in the nose, to initiate a neuronal response that triggers the perception of a smell. The olfactory receptor proteins are members of a large family of G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCR) arising from single coding-exon genes. Olfactory receptors share a 7-transmembrane domain structure with many neurotransmitter and hormone receptors and are responsible for the recognition and G protein-mediated transduction of odorant signals. The olfactory receptor gene family is the largest in the genome. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

olfactory receptor, family 5, subfamily B, member 12 pseudogene

olfactory receptor, family 2, subfamily A, member 42 pseudogene

olfactory receptor, family 10, subfamily Q, member 1 pseudogene

olfactory receptor, family 2, subfamily AT, member 4 pseudogene

olfactory receptor, family 4, subfamily F, member 2 pseudogene

Olfactory receptors interact with odorant molecules in the nose, to initiate a neuronal response that triggers the perception of a smell. The olfactory receptor proteins are members of a large family of G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCR) arising from single coding-exon genes. Olfactory receptors share a 7-transmembrane domain structure with many neurotransmitter and hormone receptors and are responsible for the recognition and G protein-mediated transduction of odorant signals. The olfactory receptor gene family is the largest in the genome. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

olfactory receptor, family 52, subfamily B, member 4 pseudogene

olfactory receptor, family 51, subfamily G, member 2 pseudogene

vomeronasal 1 receptor 37 pseudogene

formyl peptide receptor 1 pseudogene

T cell receptor beta variable 21-1 (pseudogene)

nuclear receptor coactivator 2

The protein encoded by this gene functions as a transcriptional coactivator for nuclear hormone receptors, including steroid, thyroid, retinoid, and vitamin D receptors. The encoded protein acts as an intermediary factor for the ligand-dependent activity of these nuclear receptors, which regulate their target genes upon binding of cognate response elements. This gene has been found to be involved in translocations that result in fusions with other genes in various cancers, including the lysine acetyltransferase 6A (KAT6A) gene in acute myeloid leukemia, the ETS variant 6 (ETV6) gene in acute lymphoblastic leukemia, and the hes related family bHLH transcription factor with YRPW motif 1 (HEY1) gene in mesenchymal chondrosarcoma. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Mar 2016]

nuclear receptor coactivator 3

The protein encoded by this gene is a nuclear receptor coactivator that interacts with nuclear hormone receptors to enhance their transcriptional activator functions. The encoded protein has histone acetyltransferase activity and recruits p300/CBP-associated factor and CREB binding protein as part of a multisubunit coactivation complex. This protein is initially found in the cytoplasm but is translocated into the nucleus upon phosphorylation. Several transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. In addition, a polymorphic repeat region is found in the C-terminus of the encoded protein. [provided by RefSeq, Mar 2010]

nuclear receptor coactivator 1

The protein encoded by this gene acts as a transcriptional coactivator for steroid and nuclear hormone receptors. It is a member of the p160/steroid receptor coactivator (SRC) family and like other family members has histone acetyltransferase activity and contains a nuclear localization signal, as well as bHLH and PAS domains. The product of this gene binds nuclear receptors directly and stimulates the transcriptional activities in a hormone-dependent fashion. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been identified. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

nuclear receptor coactivator 6

The protein encoded by this gene is a transcriptional coactivator that can interact with nuclear hormone receptors to enhance their transcriptional activator functions. This protein has been shown to be involved in the hormone-dependent coactivation of several receptors, including prostanoid, retinoid, vitamin D3, thyroid hormone, and steroid receptors. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been described for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Jun 2011]

nuclear receptor coactivator 7

Enables nuclear receptor binding activity and nuclear receptor coactivator activity. Involved in positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II. Predicted to be active in nucleus. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

nuclear receptor coactivator 4

This gene encodes an androgen receptor coactivator. The encoded protein interacts with the androgen receptor in a ligand-dependent manner to enhance its transcriptional activity. Chromosomal translocations between this gene and the ret tyrosine kinase gene, also located on chromosome 10, have been associated with papillary thyroid carcinoma. Alternatively spliced transcript variants have been described. Pseudogenes are present on chromosomes 4, 5, 10, and 14. [provided by RefSeq, Feb 2009]

nuclear receptor coactivator 5

This gene encodes a coregulator for the alpha and beta estrogen receptors and the orphan nuclear receptor NR1D2. The protein localizes to the nucleus, and is thought to have both coactivator and corepressor functions. Its interaction with nuclear receptors is independent of the AF2 domain on the receptors, which is known to regulate interaction with other coreceptors. Several alternatively spliced transcript variants have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Jan 2017]

vomeronasal 1 receptor 81 pseudogene

natural cytotoxicity triggering receptor 3

The protein encoded by this gene is a natural cytotoxicity receptor (NCR) that may aid NK cells in the lysis of tumor cells. The encoded protein interacts with CD3-zeta (CD247), a T-cell receptor. A single nucleotide polymorphism in the 5' untranslated region of this gene has been associated with mild malaria suceptibility. Three transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene.[provided by RefSeq, May 2010]

natural cytotoxicity triggering receptor 1

Predicted to be involved in immune response-regulating signaling pathway. Predicted to act upstream of or within defense response to virus and detection of virus. Predicted to be located in cell surface. Predicted to be part of SWI/SNF complex. Predicted to be active in plasma membrane. Biomarker of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome; anogenital venereal wart; hepatitis C; and lymphoproliferative syndrome. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

progesterone receptor

This gene encodes a member of the steroid receptor superfamily. The encoded protein mediates the physiological effects of progesterone, which plays a central role in reproductive events associated with the establishment and maintenance of pregnancy. This gene uses two distinct promotors and translation start sites in the first exon to produce several transcript variants, both protein coding and non-protein coding. Two of the isoforms (A and B) are identical except for an additional 165 amino acids found in the N-terminus of isoform B and mediate their own response genes and physiologic effects with little overlap. [provided by RefSeq, Sep 2015]

IZUMO1 receptor, JUNO

Enables signaling receptor activity. Involved in fusion of sperm to egg plasma membrane involved in single fertilization. Located in plasma membrane. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

olfactory receptor, family 10, subfamily G, member 5 pseudogene

Olfactory receptors interact with odorant molecules in the nose, to initiate a neuronal response that triggers the perception of a smell. The olfactory receptor proteins are members of a large family of G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCR) arising from single coding-exon genes. Olfactory receptors share a 7-transmembrane domain structure with many neurotransmitter and hormone receptors and are responsible for the recognition and G protein-mediated transduction of odorant signals. The olfactory receptor gene family is the largest in the genome. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

thyroid hormone receptor associated protein 3 pseudogene 1

olfactory receptor, family 5, subfamily B, member 3

Olfactory receptors interact with odorant molecules in the nose, to initiate a neuronal response that triggers the perception of a smell. The olfactory receptor proteins are members of a large family of G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCR) arising from single coding-exon genes. Olfactory receptors share a 7-transmembrane domain structure with many neurotransmitter and hormone receptors and are responsible for the recognition and G protein-mediated transduction of odorant signals. The olfactory receptor gene family is the largest in the genome. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

olfactory receptor, family 5, subfamily B, member 2

Olfactory receptors interact with odorant molecules in the nose, to initiate a neuronal response that triggers the perception of a smell. The olfactory receptor proteins are members of a large family of G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCR) arising from single coding-exon genes. Olfactory receptors share a 7-transmembrane domain structure with many neurotransmitter and hormone receptors and are responsible for the recognition and G protein-mediated transduction of odorant signals. The olfactory receptor gene family is the largest in the genome. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

olfactory receptor, family 4, subfamily D, member 1

Olfactory receptors interact with odorant molecules in the nose, to initiate a neuronal response that triggers the perception of a smell. The olfactory receptor proteins are members of a large family of G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCR) arising from single coding-exon genes. Olfactory receptors share a 7-transmembrane domain structure with many neurotransmitter and hormone receptors and are responsible for the recognition and G protein-mediated transduction of odorant signals. The olfactory receptor gene family is the largest in the genome. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

olfactory receptor, family 4, subfamily D, member 2

Olfactory receptors interact with odorant molecules in the nose, to initiate a neuronal response that triggers the perception of a smell. The olfactory receptor proteins are members of a large family of G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCR) arising from single coding-exon genes. Olfactory receptors share a 7-transmembrane domain structure with many neurotransmitter and hormone receptors and are responsible for the recognition and G protein-mediated transduction of odorant signals. The olfactory receptor gene family is the largest in the genome. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

olfactory receptor, family 4, subfamily D, member 5

Olfactory receptors interact with odorant molecules in the nose, to initiate a neuronal response that triggers the perception of a smell. The olfactory receptor proteins are members of a large family of G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCR) arising from single coding-exon genes. Olfactory receptors share a 7-transmembrane domain structure with many neurotransmitter and hormone receptors and are responsible for the recognition and G protein-mediated transduction of odorant signals. The olfactory receptor gene family is the largest in the genome. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

olfactory receptor, family 4, subfamily D, member 6

Olfactory receptors interact with odorant molecules in the nose, to initiate a neuronal response that triggers the perception of a smell. The olfactory receptor proteins are members of a large family of G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCR) arising from single coding-exon genes. Olfactory receptors share a 7-transmembrane domain structure with many neurotransmitter and hormone receptors and are responsible for the recognition and G protein-mediated transduction of odorant signals. The olfactory receptor gene family is the largest in the genome. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

adhesion G protein-coupled receptor D2

Predicted to enable G protein-coupled receptor activity. Predicted to be involved in adenylate cyclase-activating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway. Predicted to be located in membrane. Predicted to be active in plasma membrane. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

adhesion G protein-coupled receptor D1

The adhesion G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), including GPR133, are membrane-bound proteins with long N termini containing multiple domains. GPCRs, or GPRs, contain 7 transmembrane domains and transduce extracellular signals through heterotrimeric G proteins (summary by Bjarnadottir et al., 2004 [PubMed 15203201]).[supplied by OMIM, Nov 2010]

olfactory receptor, family 8, subfamily B, member 6 pseudogene

Olfactory receptors interact with odorant molecules in the nose, to initiate a neuronal response that triggers the perception of a smell. The olfactory receptor proteins are members of a large family of G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCR) arising from single coding-exon genes. Olfactory receptors share a 7-transmembrane domain structure with many neurotransmitter and hormone receptors and are responsible for the recognition and G protein-mediated transduction of odorant signals. The olfactory receptor gene family is the largest in the genome. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

taste receptor, type 2, member 63, pseudogene

olfactory receptor, family 4, subfamily K, member 8 pseudogene

Olfactory receptors interact with odorant molecules in the nose, to initiate a neuronal response that triggers the perception of a smell. The olfactory receptor proteins are members of a large family of G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCR) arising from single coding-exon genes. Olfactory receptors share a 7-transmembrane domain structure with many neurotransmitter and hormone receptors and are responsible for the recognition and G protein-mediated transduction of odorant signals. The olfactory receptor gene family is the largest in the genome. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

G protein-coupled receptor 65

Enables G protein-coupled receptor activity. Involved in several processes, including activation of GTPase activity; positive regulation of stress fiber assembly; and response to acidic pH. Located in plasma membrane. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

G protein-coupled receptor 62

Enables arrestin family protein binding activity. Involved in ligand-independent adenylate cyclase-activating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway and positive regulation of calcium-mediated signaling. Located in endosome and plasma membrane. Part of receptor complex. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

G protein-coupled receptor 63

Predicted to enable G protein-coupled receptor activity. Predicted to be involved in G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway. Located in cytosol; nucleoplasm; and plasma membrane. Part of receptor complex. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

G protein-coupled receptor 61

This gene belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family. G protein-coupled receptors contain 7 transmembrane domains and transduce extracellular signals through heterotrimeric G proteins. The protein encoded by this gene is most closely related to biogenic amine receptors. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

G protein-coupled receptor 68

The protein encoded by this gene is a G protein-coupled receptor for sphingosylphosphorylcholine. The encoded protein is a proton-sensing receptor, inactive at pH 7.8 but active at pH 6.8. Mutations in this gene are a cause of amelogenesis imperfecta. [provided by RefSeq, Feb 2017]

thyroid hormone receptor interactor 13 pseudogene

olfactory receptor, family 14, subfamily J, member 1

Olfactory receptors interact with odorant molecules in the nose, to initiate a neuronal response that triggers the perception of a smell. The olfactory receptor proteins are members of a large family of G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCR) arising from single coding-exon genes. Olfactory receptors share a 7-transmembrane domain structure with many neurotransmitter and hormone receptors and are responsible for the recognition and G protein-mediated transduction of odorant signals. The olfactory receptor gene family is the largest in the genome. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

zona pellucida glycoprotein 3 (sperm receptor) pseudogene

nuclear receptor subfamily 5, group A, member 2

The protein encoded by this gene is a DNA-binding zinc finger transcription factor and is a member of the fushi tarazu factor-1 subfamily of orphan nuclear receptors. The encoded protein is involved in the expression of genes for hepatitis B virus and cholesterol biosynthesis, and may be an important regulator of embryonic development. [provided by RefSeq, Jun 2016]

nuclear receptor subfamily 5, group A, member 1

The protein encoded by this gene is a transcriptional activator involved in sex determination. The encoded protein binds DNA as a monomer. Defects in this gene are a cause of XY sex reversal with or without adrenal failure as well as adrenocortical insufficiency without ovarian defect. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

coxsackie virus and adenovirus receptor pseudogene 3

olfactory receptor, family 5, subfamily BD, member 1 pseudogene

Olfactory receptors interact with odorant molecules in the nose, to initiate a neuronal response that triggers the perception of a smell. The olfactory receptor proteins are members of a large family of G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCR) arising from single coding-exon genes. Olfactory receptors share a 7-transmembrane domain structure with many neurotransmitter and hormone receptors and are responsible for the recognition and G protein-mediated transduction of odorant signals. The olfactory receptor gene family is the largest in the genome. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

olfactory receptor, family 7, subfamily E, member 115 pseudogene

Olfactory receptors interact with odorant molecules in the nose, to initiate a neuronal response that triggers the perception of a smell. The olfactory receptor proteins are members of a large family of G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCR) arising from single coding-exon genes. Olfactory receptors share a 7-transmembrane domain structure with many neurotransmitter and hormone receptors and are responsible for the recognition and G protein-mediated transduction of odorant signals. The olfactory receptor gene family is the largest in the genome. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

transient receptor potential cation channel, subfamily C, member 6 pseudogene

nuclear receptor subfamily 6, group A, member 1

This gene encodes an orphan nuclear receptor which is a member of the nuclear hormone receptor family. Its expression pattern suggests that it may be involved in neurogenesis and germ cell development. The protein can homodimerize and bind DNA, but in vivo targets have not been identified. Alternate splicing results in multiple transcript variants.[provided by RefSeq, Jun 2013]

olfactory receptor, family 2, subfamily A, member 3 pseudogene

Olfactory receptors interact with odorant molecules in the nose, to initiate a neuronal response that triggers the perception of a smell. The olfactory receptor proteins are members of a large family of G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCR) arising from single coding-exon genes. Olfactory receptors share a 7-transmembrane domain structure with many neurotransmitter and hormone receptors and are responsible for the recognition and G protein-mediated transduction of odorant signals. The olfactory receptor gene family is the largest in the genome. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

olfactory receptor, family 2, subfamily B, member 8 pseudogene

Olfactory receptors interact with odorant molecules in the nose, to initiate a neuronal response that triggers the perception of a smell. The olfactory receptor proteins are members of a large family of G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCR) arising from single coding-exon genes. Olfactory receptors share a 7-transmembrane domain structure with many neurotransmitter and hormone receptors and are responsible for the recognition and G protein-mediated transduction of odorant signals. The olfactory receptor gene family is the largest in the genome. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

olfactory receptor, family 7, subfamily E, member 148 pseudogene

Olfactory receptors interact with odorant molecules in the nose, to initiate a neuronal response that triggers the perception of a smell. The olfactory receptor proteins are members of a large family of G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCR) arising from single coding-exon genes. Olfactory receptors share a 7-transmembrane domain structure with many neurotransmitter and hormone receptors and are responsible for the recognition and G protein-mediated transduction of odorant signals. The olfactory receptor gene family is the largest in the genome. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

olfactory receptor, family 52, subfamily B, member 3 pseudogene

Olfactory receptors interact with odorant molecules in the nose, to initiate a neuronal response that triggers the perception of a smell. The olfactory receptor proteins are members of a large family of G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCR) arising from single coding-exon genes. Olfactory receptors share a 7-transmembrane domain structure with many neurotransmitter and hormone receptors and are responsible for the recognition and G protein-mediated transduction of odorant signals. The olfactory receptor gene family is the largest in the genome. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

vomeronasal 1 receptor 99 pseudogene

olfactory receptor, family 1, subfamily J, member 4

Olfactory receptors interact with odorant molecules in the nose, to initiate a neuronal response that triggers the perception of a smell. The olfactory receptor proteins are members of a large family of G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCR) arising from single coding-exon genes. Olfactory receptors share a 7-transmembrane domain structure with many neurotransmitter and hormone receptors and are responsible for the recognition and G protein-mediated transduction of odorant signals. The olfactory receptor gene family is the largest in the genome. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

serine/threonine kinase receptor associated protein

Enables RNA binding activity. Involved in maintenance of gastrointestinal epithelium and spliceosomal snRNP assembly. Acts upstream of with a positive effect on negative regulation of transforming growth factor beta receptor signaling pathway. Located in cytosol. Part of SMN complex. Implicated in adenocarcinoma; colorectal carcinoma; large cell carcinoma; lung carcinoma; and squamous cell neoplasm. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

T cell receptor beta variable 23/OR9-2 (non-functional)

erythropoietin receptor

This gene encodes the erythropoietin receptor which is a member of the cytokine receptor family. Upon erythropoietin binding, this receptor activates Jak2 tyrosine kinase which activates different intracellular pathways including: Ras/MAP kinase, phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase and STAT transcription factors. The stimulated erythropoietin receptor appears to have a role in erythroid cell survival. Defects in the erythropoietin receptor may produce erythroleukemia and familial erythrocytosis. Dysregulation of this gene may affect the growth of certain tumors. Alternate splicing results in multiple transcript variants.[provided by RefSeq, May 2010]

olfactory receptor, family 2, subfamily M, member 2

Olfactory receptors interact with odorant molecules in the nose, to initiate a neuronal response that triggers the perception of a smell. The olfactory receptor proteins are members of a large family of G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCR) arising from single coding-exon genes. Olfactory receptors share a 7-transmembrane domain structure with many neurotransmitter and hormone receptors and are responsible for the recognition and G protein-mediated transduction of odorant signals. The olfactory receptor gene family is the largest in the genome. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

5-hydroxytryptamine (serotonin) receptor 1D, G protein-coupled

Enables Gi/o-coupled serotonin receptor activity and serotonin receptor activity. Involved in adenylate cyclase-inhibiting serotonin receptor signaling pathway and intestine smooth muscle contraction. Located in plasma membrane. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

5-hydroxytryptamine (serotonin) receptor 1B, G protein-coupled

The protein encoded by this intronless gene is a G-protein coupled receptor for serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine). Ligand binding activates second messengers that inhibit the activity of adenylate cyclase and manage the release of serotonin, dopamine, and acetylcholine in the brain. The encoded protein may be involved in several neuropsychiatric disorders and therefore is often a target of antidepressant and other psychotherapeutic drugs. [provided by RefSeq, Nov 2015]

advanced glycosylation end product-specific receptor

The advanced glycosylation end product (AGE) receptor encoded by this gene is a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily of cell surface receptors. It is a multiligand receptor, and besides AGE, interacts with other molecules implicated in homeostasis, development, and inflammation, and certain diseases, such as diabetes and Alzheimer's disease. Many alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms, as well as non-protein-coding variants, have been described for this gene (PMID:18089847). [provided by RefSeq, May 2011]

olfactory receptor, family 5, subfamily H, member 4 pseudogene

Olfactory receptors interact with odorant molecules in the nose, to initiate a neuronal response that triggers the perception of a smell. The olfactory receptor proteins are members of a large family of G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCR) arising from single coding-exon genes. Olfactory receptors share a 7-transmembrane domain structure with many neurotransmitter and hormone receptors and are responsible for the recognition and G protein-mediated transduction of odorant signals. The olfactory receptor gene family is the largest in the genome. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

glutamate receptor, ionotropic, AMPA 4

Glutamate receptors are the predominant excitatory neurotransmitter receptors in the mammalian brain and are activated in a variety of normal neurophysiologic processes. These receptors are heteromeric protein complexes composed of multiple subunits, arranged to form ligand-gated ion channels. The classification of glutamate receptors is based on their activation by different pharmacologic agonists. The subunit encoded by this gene belongs to a family of AMPA (alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazole propionate)-sensitive glutamate receptors, and is subject to RNA editing (AGA->GGA; R->G). Alternative splicing of this gene results in transcript variants encoding different isoforms, which may vary in their signal transduction properties. Some haplotypes of this gene show a positive association with schizophrenia. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

transient receptor potential cation channel, subfamily A, member 1 pseudogene

tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily, member 12A

Involved in positive regulation of extrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway and regulation of wound healing. Predicted to be located in cell surface and ruffle. Predicted to be active in plasma membrane. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily, member 10d, decoy with truncated death domain pseudogene

olfactory receptor, family 7, subfamily E, member 7 pseudogene

Olfactory receptors interact with odorant molecules in the nose, to initiate a neuronal response that triggers the perception of a smell. The olfactory receptor proteins are members of a large family of G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCR) arising from single coding-exon genes. Olfactory receptors share a 7-transmembrane domain structure with many neurotransmitter and hormone receptors and are responsible for the recognition and G protein-mediated transduction of odorant signals. The olfactory receptor gene family is the largest in the genome. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

integrin, alpha X (complement component 3 receptor 4 subunit) pseudogene

T cell receptor beta variable 30 (gene/pseudogene)

Predicted to be involved in cell surface receptor signaling pathway. Predicted to be part of T cell receptor complex. Predicted to be active in plasma membrane. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

olfactory receptor pseudogene

olfactory receptor, family 7, subfamily E, member 22 pseudogene

Olfactory receptors interact with odorant molecules in the nose, to initiate a neuronal response that triggers the perception of a smell. The olfactory receptor proteins are members of a large family of G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCR) arising from single coding-exon genes. Olfactory receptors share a 7-transmembrane domain structure with many neurotransmitter and hormone receptors and are responsible for the recognition and G protein-mediated transduction of odorant signals. The olfactory receptor gene family is the largest in the genome. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

adhesion G protein-coupled receptor L3 antisense RNA 1

neurotrophin receptor associated death domain, pseudogene

The neurotrophin receptor alike death domain proteins belong to the death domain superfamily and are involved in mediating apoptosis. This gene has been inactivated by mutation and is nonfunctional in humans. [provided by RefSeq, Oct 2008]

glycine receptor, beta

This gene encodes the beta subunit of the glycine receptor, which is a pentamer composed of alpha and beta subunits. The receptor functions as a neurotransmitter-gated ion channel, which produces hyperpolarization via increased chloride conductance due to the binding of glycine to the receptor. Mutations in this gene cause startle disease, also known as hereditary hyperekplexia or congenital stiff-person syndrome, a disease characterized by muscular rigidity. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Oct 2009]

EPH receptor A8

This gene encodes a member of the ephrin receptor subfamily of the protein-tyrosine kinase family. EPH and EPH-related receptors have been implicated in mediating developmental events, particularly in the nervous system. Receptors in the EPH subfamily typically have a single kinase domain and an extracellular region containing a Cys-rich domain and 2 fibronectin type III repeats. The ephrin receptors are divided into 2 groups based on the similarity of their extracellular domain sequences and their affinities for binding ephrin-A and ephrin-B ligands. The protein encoded by this gene functions as a receptor for ephrin A2, A3 and A5 and plays a role in short-range contact-mediated axonal guidance during development of the mammalian nervous system. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

EPH receptor A7

This gene belongs to the ephrin receptor subfamily of the protein-tyrosine kinase family. EPH and EPH-related receptors have been implicated in mediating developmental events, particularly in the nervous system. Receptors in the EPH subfamily typically have a single kinase domain and an extracellular region containing a Cys-rich domain and 2 fibronectin type III repeats. The ephrin receptors are divided into 2 groups based on the similarity of their extracellular domain sequences and their affinities for binding ephrin-A and ephrin-B ligands. Increased expression of this gene is associated with multiple forms of carcinoma. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Dec 2013]

EPH receptor A6

Predicted to enable transmembrane-ephrin receptor activity. Predicted to be involved in axon guidance and ephrin receptor signaling pathway. Located in nucleoplasm. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

EPH receptor A5

This gene belongs to the ephrin receptor subfamily of the protein-tyrosine kinase family. EPH and EPH-related receptors have been implicated in mediating developmental events, particularly in the nervous system. Receptors in the EPH subfamily typically have a single kinase domain and an extracellular region containing a Cys-rich domain and 2 fibronectin type III repeats. The ephrin receptors are divided into 2 groups based on the similarity of their extracellular domain sequences and their affinities for binding ephrin-A and ephrin-B ligands. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been described. [provided by RefSeq, Aug 2013]

EPH receptor A4

This gene belongs to the ephrin receptor subfamily of the protein-tyrosine kinase family. EPH and EPH-related receptors have been implicated in mediating developmental events, particularly in the nervous system. Receptors in the EPH subfamily typically have a single kinase domain and an extracellular region containing a Cys-rich domain and 2 fibronectin type III repeats. The ephrin receptors are divided into 2 groups based on the similarity of their extracellular domain sequences and their affinities for binding ephrin-A and ephrin-B ligands. Multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Jan 2015]

EPH receptor A3

This gene belongs to the ephrin receptor subfamily of the protein-tyrosine kinase family. EPH and EPH-related receptors have been implicated in mediating developmental events, particularly in the nervous system. Receptors in the EPH subfamily typically have a single kinase domain and an extracellular region containing a Cys-rich domain and 2 fibronectin type III repeats. The ephrin receptors are divided into 2 groups based on the similarity of their extracellular domain sequences and their affinities for binding ephrin-A and ephrin-B ligands. This gene encodes a protein that binds ephrin-A ligands. Two alternatively spliced transcript variants have been described for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

EPH receptor A2

This gene belongs to the ephrin receptor subfamily of the protein-tyrosine kinase family. EPH and EPH-related receptors have been implicated in mediating developmental events, particularly in the nervous system. Receptors in the EPH subfamily typically have a single kinase domain and an extracellular region containing a Cys-rich domain and 2 fibronectin type III repeats. The ephrin receptors are divided into 2 groups based on the similarity of their extracellular domain sequences and their affinities for binding ephrin-A and ephrin-B ligands. This gene encodes a protein that binds ephrin-A ligands. Mutations in this gene are the cause of certain genetically-related cataract disorders.[provided by RefSeq, May 2010]

EPH receptor A1

This gene belongs to the ephrin receptor subfamily of the protein-tyrosine kinase family. EPH and EPH-related receptors have been implicated in mediating developmental events, particularly in the nervous system. Receptors in the EPH subfamily typically have a single kinase domain and an extracellular region containing a Cys-rich domain and 2 fibronectin type III repeats. The ephrin receptors are divided into 2 groups based on the similarity of their extracellular domain sequences and their affinities for binding ephrin-A and ephrin-B ligands. This gene is expressed in some human cancer cell lines and has been implicated in carcinogenesis. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

nuclear receptor corepressor 1 pseudogene 2

CD200 receptor 1

This gene encodes a receptor for the OX-2 membrane glycoprotein. Both the receptor and substrate are cell surface glycoproteins containing two immunoglobulin-like domains. This receptor is restricted to the surfaces of myeloid lineage cells and the receptor-substrate interaction may function as a myeloid downregulatory signal. Mouse studies of a related gene suggest that this interaction may control myeloid function in a tissue-specific manner. Alternative splicing of this gene results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

vomeronasal 1 receptor 29 pseudogene

poliovirus receptor-related 1 (herpesvirus entry mediator C)

This gene encodes an adhesion protein that plays a role in the organization of adherens junctions and tight junctions in epithelial and endothelial cells. The protein is a calcium(2+)-independent cell-cell adhesion molecule that belongs to the immunoglobulin superfamily and has 3 extracellular immunoglobulin-like loops, a single transmembrane domain (in some isoforms), and a cytoplasmic region. This protein acts as a receptor for glycoprotein D (gD) of herpes simplex viruses 1 and 2 (HSV-1, HSV-2), and pseudorabies virus (PRV) and mediates viral entry into epithelial and neuronal cells. Mutations in this gene cause cleft lip and palate/ectodermal dysplasia 1 syndrome (CLPED1) as well as non-syndromic cleft lip with or without cleft palate (CL/P). Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants encoding proteins with distinct C-termini. [provided by RefSeq, Oct 2009]

poliovirus receptor-related 3

This gene encodes a member of the nectin family of proteins, which function as adhesion molecules at adherens junctions. This family member interacts with other nectin-like proteins and with afadin, a filamentous actin-binding protein involved in the regulation of directional motility, cell proliferation and survival. This gene plays a role in ocular development involving the ciliary body. Mutations in this gene are believed to result in congenital ocular defects. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Aug 2011]

melanocortin 3 receptor

This gene encodes a G-protein-coupled receptor for melanocyte-stimulating hormone and adrenocorticotropic hormone that is expressed in tissues other than the adrenal cortex and melanocytes. This gene maps to the same region as the locus for benign neonatal epilepsy. Mice deficient for this gene have increased fat mass despite decreased food intake, suggesting a role for this gene product in the regulation of energy homeostasis. Mutations in this gene are associated with a susceptibility to obesity in humans. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

olfactory receptor, family 2, subfamily AQ, member 1 pseudogene

Olfactory receptors interact with odorant molecules in the nose, to initiate a neuronal response that triggers the perception of a smell. The olfactory receptor proteins are members of a large family of G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCR) arising from single coding-exon genes. Olfactory receptors share a 7-transmembrane domain structure with many neurotransmitter and hormone receptors and are responsible for the recognition and G protein-mediated transduction of odorant signals. The olfactory receptor gene family is the largest in the genome. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

integrin, beta 1 (fibronectin receptor, beta polypeptide, antigen CD29 includes MDF2, MSK12)

Integrins are heterodimeric proteins made up of alpha and beta subunits. At least 18 alpha and 8 beta subunits have been described in mammals. Integrin family members are membrane receptors involved in cell adhesion and recognition in a variety of processes including embryogenesis, hemostasis, tissue repair, immune response and metastatic diffusion of tumor cells. This gene encodes a beta subunit. Multiple alternatively spliced transcript variants which encode different protein isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

integrin, beta 2 (complement component 3 receptor 3 and 4 subunit)

This gene encodes an integrin beta chain, which combines with multiple different alpha chains to form different integrin heterodimers. Integrins are integral cell-surface proteins that participate in cell adhesion as well as cell-surface mediated signalling. The encoded protein plays an important role in immune response and defects in this gene cause leukocyte adhesion deficiency. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Dec 2014]

olfactory receptor, family 4, subfamily A, member 49 pseudogene

Olfactory receptors interact with odorant molecules in the nose, to initiate a neuronal response that triggers the perception of a smell. The olfactory receptor proteins are members of a large family of G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCR) arising from single coding-exon genes. Olfactory receptors share a 7-transmembrane domain structure with many neurotransmitter and hormone receptors and are responsible for the recognition and G protein-mediated transduction of odorant signals. The olfactory receptor gene family is the largest in the genome. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

interleukin 9 receptor

The protein encoded by this gene is a cytokine receptor that specifically mediates the biological effects of interleukin 9 (IL9). The functional IL9 receptor complex requires this protein as well as the interleukin 2 receptor, gamma (IL2RG), a common gamma subunit shared by the receptors of many different cytokines. The ligand binding of this receptor leads to the activation of various JAK kinases and STAT proteins, which connect to different biologic responses. This gene is located at the pseudoautosomal regions of X and Y chromosomes. Genetic studies suggested an association of this gene with the development of asthma. Multiple pseudogenes on chromosome 9, 10, 16, and 18 have been described. Alternatively spliced transcript variants have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

trace amine associated receptor 5

Enables trimethylamine receptor activity. Involved in adenylate cyclase-activating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway. Is active in plasma membrane. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

trace amine associated receptor 6

This gene encodes a seven-transmembrane G-protein-coupled receptor that likely functions as a receptor for endogenous trace amines. Mutations in this gene may be associated with schizophrenia.[provided by RefSeq, Feb 2010]

trace amine associated receptor 1

The protein encoded by this gene is a G-protein coupled receptor activated by trace amines. The encoded protein responds little or not at all to dopamine, serotonin, epinephrine, or histamine, but responds well to beta-phenylethylamine, p-tyramine, octopamine, and tryptamine. While primarily functioning in neurologic systems, there is evidence that this gene is involved in blood cell and immunologic functions as well. This gene is thought to be intronless. [provided by RefSeq, Nov 2015]

trace amine associated receptor 3 (gene/pseudogene)

Predicted to enable trace-amine receptor activity. Predicted to be involved in G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway and sensory perception of chemical stimulus. Predicted to be located in membrane. Predicted to be active in plasma membrane. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

trace amine associated receptor 2

Predicted to enable trace-amine receptor activity. Predicted to be involved in G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway. Predicted to be located in membrane. Predicted to be active in plasma membrane. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

trace amine associated receptor 9 (gene/pseudogene)

TAAR9 is a member of a large family of rhodopsin G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs, or GPRs). GPCRs contain 7 transmembrane domains and transduce extracellular signals through heterotrimeric G proteins.[supplied by OMIM, Jul 2005]

trace amine associated receptor 8

This gene is part of the trace amine receptor cluster on chromosome 6 and encodes an orphan G-protein coupled receptor. Upregulated expression of this gene in astroglial cells upon exposure to lipopolysaccharides suggests a function for the encoded protein in the brain. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2016]

cytokine receptor CRL2

T cell receptor beta variable 3-1

Predicted to be involved in cell surface receptor signaling pathway. Predicted to be part of T cell receptor complex. Predicted to be active in plasma membrane. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

olfactory receptor, family 4, subfamily Q, member 1 pseudogene

Olfactory receptors interact with odorant molecules in the nose, to initiate a neuronal response that triggers the perception of a smell. The olfactory receptor proteins are members of a large family of G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCR) arising from single coding-exon genes. Olfactory receptors share a 7-transmembrane domain structure with many neurotransmitter and hormone receptors and are responsible for the recognition and G protein-mediated transduction of odorant signals. The olfactory receptor gene family is the largest in the genome. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

cholecystokinin B receptor

This gene encodes a G-protein coupled receptor for gastrin and cholecystokinin (CCK), regulatory peptides of the brain and gastrointestinal tract. This protein is a type B gastrin receptor, which has a high affinity for both sulfated and nonsulfated CCK analogs and is found principally in the central nervous system and the gastrointestinal tract. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. A misspliced transcript variant including an intron has been observed in cells from colorectal and pancreatic tumors. [provided by RefSeq, Dec 2015]

T cell receptor beta variable 7-9

Predicted to enable MHC protein binding activity and peptide antigen binding activity. Predicted to be involved in cell surface receptor signaling pathway. Predicted to be part of T cell receptor complex. Predicted to be active in plasma membrane. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

T cell receptor beta variable 7-8

Predicted to be involved in cell surface receptor signaling pathway. Predicted to be part of T cell receptor complex. Predicted to be active in plasma membrane. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

T cell receptor beta variable 7-1 (non-functional)

Predicted to be involved in cell surface receptor signaling pathway. Predicted to be part of T cell receptor complex. Predicted to be active in plasma membrane. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

T cell receptor beta variable 7-3

Predicted to be involved in cell surface receptor signaling pathway. Predicted to be part of T cell receptor complex. Predicted to be active in plasma membrane. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

T cell receptor beta variable 7-2

Predicted to be involved in cell surface receptor signaling pathway. Predicted to be part of T cell receptor complex. Predicted to be active in plasma membrane. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

T cell receptor beta variable 7-5 (pseudogene)

T cell receptor beta variable 7-4 (gene/pseudogene)

Predicted to be involved in cell surface receptor signaling pathway. Predicted to be part of T cell receptor complex. Predicted to be active in plasma membrane. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

T cell receptor beta variable 7-7

Predicted to be involved in cell surface receptor signaling pathway. Predicted to be part of T cell receptor complex. Predicted to be active in plasma membrane. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

T cell receptor beta variable 7-6

Predicted to be involved in cell surface receptor signaling pathway. Predicted to be part of T cell receptor complex. Predicted to be active in plasma membrane. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

low density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 2

The protein encoded by this gene, low density lipoprotein-related protein 2 (LRP2) or megalin, is a multi-ligand endocytic receptor that is expressed in many different tissues but primarily in absorptive epithilial tissues such as the kidney. This glycoprotein has a large amino-terminal extracellular domain, a single transmembrane domain, and a short carboxy-terminal cytoplasmic tail. The extracellular ligand-binding-domains bind diverse macromolecules including albumin, apolipoproteins B and E, and lipoprotein lipase. The LRP2 protein is critical for the reuptake of numerous ligands, including lipoproteins, sterols, vitamin-binding proteins, and hormones. This protein also has a role in cell-signaling; extracellular ligands include parathyroid horomones and the morphogen sonic hedgehog while cytosolic ligands include MAP kinase scaffold proteins and JNK interacting proteins. Recycling of this membrane receptor is regulated by phosphorylation of its cytoplasmic domain. Mutations in this gene cause Donnai-Barrow syndrome (DBS) and facio-oculoacoustico-renal syndrome (FOAR).[provided by RefSeq, Aug 2009]

low density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 3

Involved in negative regulation of fat cell differentiation; positive regulation of osteoblast differentiation; and regulation of gene expression. Predicted to be located in membrane. Predicted to be active in plasma membrane. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

low density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 1

This gene encodes a member of the low-density lipoprotein receptor family of proteins. The encoded preproprotein is proteolytically processed by furin to generate 515 kDa and 85 kDa subunits that form the mature receptor (PMID: 8546712). This receptor is involved in several cellular processes, including intracellular signaling, lipid homeostasis, and clearance of apoptotic cells. In addition, the encoded protein is necessary for the alpha 2-macroglobulin-mediated clearance of secreted amyloid precursor protein and beta-amyloid, the main component of amyloid plaques found in Alzheimer patients. Expression of this gene decreases with age and has been found to be lower than controls in brain tissue from Alzheimer's disease patients. [provided by RefSeq, Oct 2015]

low density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 6

This gene encodes a member of the low density lipoprotein (LDL) receptor gene family. LDL receptors are transmembrane cell surface proteins involved in receptor-mediated endocytosis of lipoprotein and protein ligands. The protein encoded by this gene functions as a receptor or, with Frizzled, a co-receptor for Wnt and thereby transmits the canonical Wnt/beta-catenin signaling cascade. Through its interaction with the Wnt/beta-catenin signaling cascade this gene plays a role in the regulation of cell differentiation, proliferation, and migration and the development of many cancer types. This protein undergoes gamma-secretase dependent RIP- (regulated intramembrane proteolysis) processing but the precise locations of the cleavage sites have not been determined.[provided by RefSeq, Dec 2009]

low density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 4

This gene encodes a member of the low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein family. The encoded protein may be a regulator of Wnt signaling. Mutations in this gene are associated with Cenani-Lenz syndrome. [provided by RefSeq, May 2010]

low density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 5

This gene encodes a transmembrane low-density lipoprotein receptor that binds and internalizes ligands in the process of receptor-mediated endocytosis. This protein also acts as a co-receptor with Frizzled protein family members for transducing signals by Wnt proteins and was originally cloned on the basis of its association with type 1 diabetes mellitus in humans. This protein plays a key role in skeletal homeostasis and many bone density related diseases are caused by mutations in this gene. Mutations in this gene also cause familial exudative vitreoretinopathy. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, May 2014]

vomeronasal 1 receptor 71 pseudogene

olfactory receptor, family 4, subfamily A, member 50 pseudogene

Olfactory receptors interact with odorant molecules in the nose, to initiate a neuronal response that triggers the perception of a smell. The olfactory receptor proteins are members of a large family of G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCR) arising from single coding-exon genes. Olfactory receptors share a 7-transmembrane domain structure with many neurotransmitter and hormone receptors and are responsible for the recognition and G protein-mediated transduction of odorant signals. The olfactory receptor gene family is the largest in the genome. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

anthrax toxin receptor 1

This gene encodes a type I transmembrane protein and is a tumor-specific endothelial marker that has been implicated in colorectal cancer. The encoded protein has been shown to also be a docking protein or receptor for Bacillus anthracis toxin, the causative agent of the disease, anthrax. The binding of the protective antigen (PA) component, of the tripartite anthrax toxin, to this receptor protein mediates delivery of toxin components to the cytosol of cells. Once inside the cell, the other two components of anthrax toxin, edema factor (EF) and lethal factor (LF) disrupt normal cellular processes. Three alternatively spliced variants that encode different protein isoforms have been described. [provided by RefSeq, Oct 2008]

anthrax toxin receptor 2

This gene encodes a receptor for anthrax toxin. The protein binds to collagen IV and laminin, suggesting that it may be involved in extracellular matrix adhesion. Mutations in this gene cause juvenile hyaline fibromatosis and infantile systemic hyalinosis. Multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Mar 2009]

olfactory receptor, family 51, subfamily S, member 1

Olfactory receptors interact with odorant molecules in the nose, to initiate a neuronal response that triggers the perception of a smell. The olfactory receptor proteins are members of a large family of G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCR) arising from single coding-exon genes. Olfactory receptors share a 7-transmembrane domain structure with many neurotransmitter and hormone receptors and are responsible for the recognition and G protein-mediated transduction of odorant signals. The olfactory receptor gene family is the largest in the genome. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

protein tyrosine phosphatase, non-receptor type 22 (lymphoid)

This gene encodes of member of the non-receptor class 4 subfamily of the protein-tyrosine phosphatase family. The encoded protein is a lymphoid-specific intracellular phosphatase that associates with the molecular adapter protein CBL and may be involved in regulating CBL function in the T-cell receptor signaling pathway. Mutations in this gene may be associated with a range of autoimmune disorders including Type 1 Diabetes, rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus and Graves' disease. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding distinct isoforms have been described. [provided by RefSeq, Mar 2009]

protein tyrosine phosphatase, non-receptor type 23

This gene encodes a member of the non-receptor type protein-tyrosine phosphatase family. The encoded protein may be involved in the regulation of small nuclear ribonucleo protein assembly and pre-mRNA splicing by modifying the survival motor neuron (SMN) complex. The encoded protein additionally plays a role in ciliogenesis and is part of endosomal sorting complex required for transport (ESCRT) pathways. This gene may serve a tumor suppressor function. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2016]

protein tyrosine phosphatase, non-receptor type 20

The product of this gene belongs to the family of classical tyrosine-specific protein tyrosine phosphatases. Many protein tyrosine phosphatases have been shown to regulate fundamental cellular processes. The encoded protein appears to be targeted to sites of actin polymerization. A pseudogene of this gene has been defined on chromosome 10. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Apr 2014]

protein tyrosine phosphatase, non-receptor type 21

The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP) family. PTPs are known to be signaling molecules that regulate a variety of cellular processes including cell growth, differentiation, mitotic cycle, and oncogenic transformation. This PTP contains an N-terminal domain, similar to cytoskeletal- associated proteins including band 4.1, ezrin, merlin, and radixin. This PTP was shown to specially interact with BMX/ETK, a member of Tec tyrosine kinase family characterized by a multimodular structures including PH, SH3, and SH2 domains. The interaction of this PTP with BMX kinase was found to increase the activation of STAT3, but not STAT2 kinase. Studies of the similar gene in mice suggested the possible roles of this PTP in liver regeneration and spermatogenesis. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

vomeronasal 2 receptor 13 pseudogene

EPH receptor A10

Ephrin receptors, the largest subfamily of receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs), and their ephrin ligands are important mediators of cell-cell communication regulating cell attachment, shape, and mobility in neuronal and epithelial cells (Aasheim et al., 2005 [PubMed 15777695]). See MIM 179610 for additional background on Eph receptors and ephrins.[supplied by OMIM, Mar 2008]

urotensin 2 receptor

Predicted to enable urotensin II receptor activity. Predicted to be involved in neuropeptide signaling pathway. Predicted to be located in membrane. Predicted to be active in plasma membrane. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]

macrophage scavenger receptor 1

This gene encodes the class A macrophage scavenger receptors, which include three different types (1, 2, 3) generated by alternative splicing of this gene. These receptors or isoforms are macrophage-specific trimeric integral membrane glycoproteins and have been implicated in many macrophage-associated physiological and pathological processes including atherosclerosis, Alzheimer's disease, and host defense. The isoforms type 1 and type 2 are functional receptors and are able to mediate the endocytosis of modified low density lipoproteins (LDLs). The isoform type 3 does not internalize modified LDL (acetyl-LDL) despite having the domain shown to mediate this function in the types 1 and 2 isoforms. It has an altered intracellular processing and is trapped within the endoplasmic reticulum, making it unable to perform endocytosis. The isoform type 3 can inhibit the function of isoforms type 1 and type 2 when co-expressed, indicating a dominant negative effect and suggesting a mechanism for regulation of scavenger receptor activity in macrophages. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

olfactory receptor, family 2, subfamily W, member 1 pseudogene

olfactory receptor, family 2, subfamily B, member 2 pseudogene

olfactory receptor, family 4, subfamily K, member 13

Olfactory receptors interact with odorant molecules in the nose, to initiate a neuronal response that triggers the perception of a smell. The olfactory receptor proteins are members of a large family of G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCR) arising from single coding-exon genes. Olfactory receptors share a 7-transmembrane domain structure with many neurotransmitter and hormone receptors and are responsible for the recognition and G protein-mediated transduction of odorant signals. The olfactory receptor gene family is the largest in the genome. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]