Harmonizome 3.0

From Hub Proteins

Sets of proteins interacting>gg> with hub proteins ag>gg>g>gg>reg>gg>ated from data

From Nuclear g>Receptorg> Sig>gg>naling>gg> Atlas

Protein-protein interactions inferred from membership in complexes

From Pathway Commons

Protein-protein interactions from low-throug>gg>hput or hig>gg>h-throug>gg>hput studies ag>gg>g>gg>reg>gg>ated by Pathway Commons from the following>gg> databases: Reactome, NCI Pathways, PhosphoSite, HumanCyc, HPRD, PANTHER, DIP, Biog>Gg>RID, IntAct, BIND, Transfac, MiRTarBase, Drug>gg>bank, Recon X, Comparative Toxicog>gg>enomics Database, and KEg>Gg>g>Gg>

From Virus MINT

Interactions between viral and human proteins manually curated from literature

From COMPARTMENTS

Protein subcellular localization evidence scores by manual literature curation

From COMPARTMENTS

Protein subcellular localization evidence scores by integ>gg>rating>gg> experimental data

From COMPARTMENTS

g>Gg>ene-cellular compartment co-occurrence scores from text-mining>gg> biomedical abstracts

From CORUM

Proteins participating>gg> in complexes by manual literature curation

From g>Gg>uide to Pharmacolog>gg>y

Protein lig>gg>and-g>receptorg> interactions curated by experts

From Human Protein Atlas

Semiquantitative protein expression profiles for tissues

From Human Proteome Map

Protein expression profiles for tissues and cell types

From InterPro

Protein domains predicted for g>gg>ene products based on sequence similarity to known domain sig>gg>natures

From LOCATE

Subcellular localization of proteins from low-throug>gg>hput or hig>gg>h-throug>gg>hput protein localization assays

From Nuclear g>Receptorg> Sig>gg>naling>gg> Atlas

Proteins identified in complexes isolated from cultured cells

From Proteomics Database

Protein expression profiles for tissues and cell types reprocessed from many proteomics datasets

From SILAC Phosphoproteomics

Phosphorylation levels of proteins in cell lines following>gg> lig>gg>and treatment

From TISSUES

Protein tissue expression evidence scores by manual literature curation

From TISSUES

Protein tissue expression evidence scores by integ>gg>rating>gg> experimental data

From TISSUES

g>Gg>ene-tissue co-occurrence scores from text-mining>gg> biomedical abstracts

From Virus MINT

Interactions between viruses and human proteins manually curated from literature

From LOCATE

Subcellular localization of proteins by sequence similarity to localization sequences

From TISSUES

Protein tissue expression evidence scores by manual literature curation

From TISSUES

Protein tissue expression evidence scores by integ>gg>rating>gg> experimental data

From TISSUES

g>Gg>ene-tissue co-occurrence scores from text-mining>gg> biomedical abstracts

From COMPARTMENTS

Protein subcellular localization evidence scores by manual literature curation

From COMPARTMENTS

Protein subcellular localization evidence scores by integ>gg>rating>gg> experimental data

From COMPARTMENTS

g>Gg>ene-cellular compartment co-occurrence scores from text-mining>gg> biomedical abstracts

From Cell Maps for AI

Protein localization assemblies constructed from integ>gg>rating>gg> AP-MS biomolecular interaction and IF imag>gg>ing>gg> data

From Human Protein Atlas

RNA-seq g>gg>ene expression profiles for cell lines from HPA

From Human Protein Atlas

RNA-seq g>gg>ene expression profiles for tissues from HPA

From Human Protein Atlas

RNA-seq g>gg>ene expression profiles for tissue samples from HPA

g>receptorg> tyrosine kinase-like orphan g>receptorg> 2

The protein encoded by this g>gg>ene is a g>receptorg> protein tyrosine kinase and type I transmembrane protein that belong>gg>s to the ROR subfamily of cell surface g>receptorg>s. The protein may be involved in the early formation of the chondrocytes and may be required for cartilag>gg>e and g>gg>rowth plate development. Mutations in this g>gg>ene can cause brachydactyly type B, a skeletal disorder characterized by hypoplasia/aplasia of distal phalang>gg>es and nails. In addition, mutations in this g>gg>ene can cause the autosomal recessive form of Robinow syndrome, which is characterized by skeletal dysplasia with g>gg>eneralized limb bone shortening>gg>, seg>gg>mental defects of the spine, brachydactyly, and a dysmorphic facial appearance. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

g>receptorg> tyrosine kinase-like orphan g>receptorg> 1

This g>gg>ene encodes a g>receptorg> tyrosine kinase-like orphan g>receptorg> that modulates neurite g>gg>rowth in the central nervous system. The encoded protein is a g>gg>lycosylated type I membrane protein that belong>gg>s to the ROR subfamily of cell surface g>receptorg>s. It is a pseudokinase that lacks catalytic activity and may interact with the non-canonical Wnt sig>gg>nalling>gg> pathway. This g>gg>ene is hig>gg>hly expressed during>gg> early embryonic development but expressed at very low levels in adult tissues. Increased expression of this g>gg>ene is associated with B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukaemia. Alternative splicing>gg> results in multiple transcript variants encoding>gg> different isoforms. [provided by RefSeq, Jun 2012]

nuclear g>receptorg> subfamily 3, g>gg>roup C, member 1 (g>gg>lucocorticoid g>receptorg>)

This g>gg>ene encodes g>gg>lucocorticoid g>receptorg>, which can function both as a transcription factor that binds to g>gg>lucocorticoid response elements in the promoters of g>gg>lucocorticoid responsive g>gg>enes to activate their transcription, and as a reg>gg>ulator of other transcription factors. This g>receptorg> is typically found in the cytoplasm, but upon lig>gg>and binding>gg>, is transported into the nucleus. It is involved in inflammatory responses, cellular proliferation, and differentiation in targ>gg>et tissues. Mutations in this g>gg>ene are associated with g>gg>eneralized g>gg>lucocorticoid resistance. Alternative splicing>gg> of this g>gg>ene results in transcript variants encoding>gg> either the same or different isoforms. Additional isoforms resulting>gg> from the use of alternate in-frame translation initiation sites have also been described, and shown to be functional, displaying>gg> diverse cytoplasm-to-nucleus trafficking>gg> patterns and distinct transcriptional activities (PMID:15866175). [provided by RefSeq, Feb 2011]

melanocortin 1 g>receptorg> (alpha melanocyte stimulating>gg> hormone g>receptorg>)

This intronless g>gg>ene encodes the g>receptorg> protein for melanocyte-stimulating>gg> hormone (MSH). The encoded protein, a seven pass transmembrane g>Gg> protein coupled g>receptorg>, controls melanog>gg>enesis. Two types of melanin exist: red pheomelanin and black eumelanin. g>Gg>ene mutations that lead to a loss in function are associated with increased pheomelanin production, which leads to lig>gg>hter skin and hair color. Eumelanin is photoprotective but pheomelanin may contribute to UV-induced skin damag>gg>e by g>gg>enerating>gg> free radicals upon UV radiation. Binding>gg> of MSH to its g>receptorg> activates the g>receptorg> and stimulates eumelanin synthesis. This g>receptorg> is a major determining>gg> factor in sun sensitivity and is a g>gg>enetic risk factor for melanoma and non-melanoma skin cancer. Over 30 variant alleles have been identified which correlate with skin and hair color, providing>gg> evidence that this g>gg>ene is an important component in determining>gg> normal human pig>gg>ment variation. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

protein tyrosine phosphatase, g>receptorg> type, f polypeptide (PTPRF), interacting>gg> protein (liprin), alpha 4

PPFIA4, or liprin-alpha-4, belong>gg>s to the liprin-alpha g>gg>ene family. See liprin-alpha-1 (LIP1, or PPFIA1; MIM 611054) for backg>gg>round on liprins.[supplied by OMIM, Mar 2008]

protein tyrosine phosphatase, g>receptorg> type, f polypeptide (PTPRF), interacting>gg> protein (liprin), alpha 1 pseudog>gg>ene

protein tyrosine phosphatase, g>receptorg> type, f polypeptide (PTPRF), interacting>gg> protein (liprin), alpha 1 pseudog>gg>ene

protein tyrosine phosphatase, g>receptorg> type, C-associated protein

The protein encoded by this g>gg>ene was identified as a transmembrane phosphoprotein specifically associated with tyrosine phosphatase PTPRC/CD45, a key reg>gg>ulator of T- and B-lymphocyte activation. The interaction with PTPRC may be required for the stable expression of this protein. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

protein tyrosine phosphatase, g>receptorg> type, f polypeptide (PTPRF), interacting>gg> protein (liprin), alpha 2

The protein encoded by this g>gg>ene is a member of the LAR protein-tyrosine phosphatase-interacting>gg> protein (liprin) family. Liprins interact with members of LAR family of transmembrane protein tyrosine phosphatases, which are known to be important for axon g>gg>uidance and mammary g>gg>land development. It has been proposed that liprins are multivalent proteins that form complex structures and act as scaffolds for the recruitment and anchoring>gg> of LAR family of tyrosine phosphatases. This protein has been shown to bind the calcium/calmodulin-dependent serine protein kinase (MAg>Gg>UK family) protein (also known as CASK) and proposed to reg>gg>ulate hig>gg>her-order brain functions in mammals. Alternative splicing>gg> results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Sep 2013]

protein tyrosine phosphatase, g>receptorg> type, f polypeptide (PTPRF), interacting>gg> protein (liprin), alpha 3

The protein encoded by this g>gg>ene is a member of the LAR protein-tyrosine phosphatase-interacting>gg> protein (liprin) family. Liprins interact with members of LAR family of transmembrane protein tyrosine phosphatases, which are known to be important for axon g>gg>uidance and mammary g>gg>land development. Liprin family protein has been shown to localize phosphatase LAR to cell focal adhesions and may be involved in the molecular org>gg>anization of presynaptic active zones. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

protein tyrosine phosphatase, g>receptorg> type, f polypeptide (PTPRF), interacting>gg> protein (liprin), alpha 1

The protein encoded by this g>gg>ene is a member of the LAR protein-tyrosine phosphatase-interacting>gg> protein (liprin) family. Liprins interact with members of LAR family of transmembrane protein tyrosine phosphatases, which are known to be important for axon g>gg>uidance and mammary g>gg>land development. This protein binds to the intracellular membrane-distal phosphatase domain of tyrosine phosphatase LAR, and appears to localize LAR to cell focal adhesions. This interaction may reg>gg>ulate the disassembly of focal adhesion and thus help orchestrate cell-matrix interactions. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding>gg> distinct isoforms have been described. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

protein tyrosine phosphatase, non-g>receptorg> type 18 (brain-derived)

The protein encoded by this g>gg>ene is a member of the protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP) family. PTPs are known to be sig>gg>naling>gg> molecules that reg>gg>ulate a variety of cellular processes including>gg> cell g>gg>rowth, differentiation, the mitotic cycle, and oncog>gg>enic transformation. This PTP contains a PEST motif, which often serves as a protein-protein interaction domain, and may be related to protein intracellular half-live. This protein can differentially dephosphorylate autophosphorylated tyrosine kinases that are overexpressed in tumor tissues, and it appears to reg>gg>ulate HER2, a member of the epidermal g>gg>rowth factor g>receptorg> family of g>receptorg> tyrosine kinases. Two transcript variants encoding>gg> different isoforms have been found for this g>gg>ene. [provided by RefSeq, Nov 2008]

protein tyrosine phosphatase, non-g>receptorg> type 13 (APO-1/CD95 (Fas)-associated phosphatase)

The protein encoded by this g>gg>ene is a member of the protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP) family. PTPs are sig>gg>naling>gg> molecules that reg>gg>ulate a variety of cellular processes including>gg> cell g>gg>rowth, differentiation, mitotic cycle, and oncog>gg>enic transformation. This PTP is a larg>gg>e intracellular protein. It has a catalytic PTP domain at its C-terminus and two major structural domains: a reg>gg>ion with five PDZ domains and a FERM domain that binds to plasma membrane and cytoskeletal elements. This PTP was found to interact with, and dephosphorylate, Fas g>receptorg> and IkappaBalpha throug>gg>h the PDZ domains. This sug>gg>g>gg>ests it has a role in Fas mediated prog>gg>rammed cell death. This PTP was also shown to interact with g>Gg>TPase-activating>gg> protein, and thus may function as a reg>gg>ulator of Rho sig>gg>naling>gg> pathways. Four alternatively spliced transcript variants, which encode distinct proteins, have been reported. [provided by RefSeq, Oct 2008]

protein tyrosine phosphatase, non-g>receptorg> type 12

The protein encoded by this g>gg>ene is a member of the protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP) family. PTPs are sig>gg>naling>gg> molecules that reg>gg>ulate a variety of cellular processes including>gg> cell g>gg>rowth, differentiation, mitotic cycle, and oncog>gg>enic transformation. This PTP contains a C-terminal PEST motif, which serves as a protein-protein interaction domain, and may reg>gg>ulate protein intracellular half-life. This PTP was found to bind and dephosphorylate the product of the oncog>gg>ene c-ABL and thus may play a role in oncog>gg>enesis. This PTP was also shown to interact with, and dephosphorylate, various products related to cytoskeletal structure and cell adhesion, such as p130 (Cas), CAKbeta/PTK2B, PSTPIP1, and paxillin. This sug>gg>g>gg>ests it has a reg>gg>ulatory role in controlling>gg> cell shape and mobility. Alternative splicing>gg> results in multiple transcript variants encoding>gg> distinct isoforms. [provided by RefSeq, Oct 2008]

protein tyrosine phosphatase, non-g>receptorg> type 11

The protein encoded by this g>gg>ene is a member of the protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP) family. PTPs are known to be sig>gg>naling>gg> molecules that reg>gg>ulate a variety of cellular processes including>gg> cell g>gg>rowth, differentiation, mitotic cycle, and oncog>gg>enic transformation. This PTP contains two tandem Src homolog>gg>y-2 domains, which function as phospho-tyrosine binding>gg> domains and mediate the interaction of this PTP with its substrates. This PTP is widely expressed in most tissues and plays a reg>gg>ulatory role in various cell sig>gg>naling>gg> events that are important for a diversity of cell functions, such as mitog>gg>enic activation, metabolic control, transcription reg>gg>ulation, and cell mig>gg>ration. Mutations in this g>gg>ene are a cause of Noonan syndrome as well as acute myeloid leukemia. [provided by RefSeq, Aug>gg> 2016]

protein tyrosine phosphatase, non-g>receptorg> type 14

The protein encoded by this g>gg>ene is a member of the protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP) family. PTPs are known to be sig>gg>naling>gg> molecules that reg>gg>ulate a variety of cellular processes including>gg> cell g>gg>rowth, differentiation, mitotic cycle, and oncog>gg>enic transformation. This PTP contains an N-terminal noncatalytic domain similar to that of band 4.1 superfamily cytoskeleton-associated proteins, which sug>gg>g>gg>ested the membrane or cytoskeleton localization of this protein. It appears to reg>gg>ulate lymphatic development in mammals, and a loss of function mutation has been found in a kindred with a lymphedema-choanal atresia. [provided by RefSeq, Sep 2010]

thyroid hormone g>receptorg> associated protein 3 pseudog>gg>ene

interleukin 18 g>receptorg> accessory protein

The protein encoded by this g>gg>ene is an accessory subunit of the heterodimeric g>receptorg> for interleukin 18 (IL18), a proinflammatory cytokine involved in inducing>gg> cell-mediated immunity. This protein enhances the IL18-binding>gg> activity of the IL18 g>receptorg> and plays a role in sig>gg>naling>gg> by IL18. Mutations in this g>gg>ene are associated with Crohn's disease and inflammatory bowel disease, and susceptibility to celiac disease and leprosy. Alternatively spliced transcript variants of this g>gg>ene have been described, but their full-leng>gg>th nature is not known. [provided by RefSeq, Feb 2014]

tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-g>receptorg> type 20

cannabinoid g>receptorg> interacting>gg> protein 1

This g>gg>ene encodes a protein that interacts with the C-terminal tail of cannabinoid g>receptorg> 1. Two transcript variants encoding>gg> different isoforms have been described for this g>gg>ene. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2013]

g>gg>lutamate g>receptorg>, ionotropic, delta 2 (g>Gg>rid2) interacting>gg> protein

g>Gg>lutamate g>receptorg> delta-2 (g>Gg>RID2; MIM 602368) is predominantly expressed at parallel fiber-Purkinje cell postsynapses and plays crucial roles in synaptog>gg>enesis and synaptic plasticity. g>Gg>RID2IP1 interacts with g>Gg>RID2 and may control g>Gg>RID2 sig>gg>naling>gg> in Purkinje cells (Matsuda et al., 2006 [PubMed 16835239]).[supplied by OMIM, Mar 2008]

nerve g>gg>rowth factor g>receptorg> (TNFRSF16) associated protein 1

Enables identical protein binding>gg> activity. Predicted to be involved in neg>gg>ative reg>gg>ulation of protein ubiquitination and sig>gg>nal transduction. Predicted to act upstream of or within extrinsic apoptotic sig>gg>naling>gg> pathway via death domain g>receptorg>s. Located in cytosol. [provided by Alliance of g>Gg>enome Resources, Mar 2025]

sig>gg>nal sequence g>receptorg>, g>gg>amma (translocon-associated protein g>gg>amma) pseudog>gg>ene

tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-g>receptorg> type 23-like

interleukin-1 g>receptorg>-associated kinase 1 binding>gg> protein 1

Predicted to enable sig>gg>naling>gg> adaptor activity. Predicted to be involved in canonical NF-kappaB sig>gg>nal transduction. Predicted to be located in cytoplasm and nucleus. [provided by Alliance of g>Gg>enome Resources, Mar 2025]

proline-rich g>receptorg>-like protein kinase PERK2

thyroid hormone g>receptorg> associated protein 3 pseudog>gg>ene 1

serine/threonine kinase g>receptorg> associated protein

Enables RNA binding>gg> activity. Involved in maintenance of g>gg>astrointestinal epithelium and spliceosomal snRNP assembly. Acts upstream of with a positive effect on neg>gg>ative reg>gg>ulation of transforming>gg> g>gg>rowth factor beta g>receptorg> sig>gg>naling>gg> pathway. Located in cytosol. Part of SMN complex. Implicated in adenocarcinoma; colorectal carcinoma; larg>gg>e cell carcinoma; lung>gg> carcinoma; and squamous cell neoplasm. [provided by Alliance of g>Gg>enome Resources, Mar 2025]

protein tyrosine phosphatase, non-g>receptorg> type 22 (lymphoid)

This g>gg>ene encodes of member of the non-g>receptorg> class 4 subfamily of the protein-tyrosine phosphatase family. The encoded protein is a lymphoid-specific intracellular phosphatase that associates with the molecular adapter protein CBL and may be involved in reg>gg>ulating>gg> CBL function in the T-cell g>receptorg> sig>gg>naling>gg> pathway. Mutations in this g>gg>ene may be associated with a rang>gg>e of autoimmune disorders including>gg> Type 1 Diabetes, rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus and g>Gg>raves' disease. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding>gg> distinct isoforms have been described. [provided by RefSeq, Mar 2009]

protein tyrosine phosphatase, non-g>receptorg> type 23

This g>gg>ene encodes a member of the non-g>receptorg> type protein-tyrosine phosphatase family. The encoded protein may be involved in the reg>gg>ulation of small nuclear ribonucleo protein assembly and pre-mRNA splicing>gg> by modifying>gg> the survival motor neuron (SMN) complex. The encoded protein additionally plays a role in ciliog>gg>enesis and is part of endosomal sorting>gg> complex required for transport (ESCRT) pathways. This g>gg>ene may serve a tumor suppressor function. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2016]

protein tyrosine phosphatase, non-g>receptorg> type 20

The product of this g>gg>ene belong>gg>s to the family of classical tyrosine-specific protein tyrosine phosphatases. Many protein tyrosine phosphatases have been shown to reg>gg>ulate fundamental cellular processes. The encoded protein appears to be targ>gg>eted to sites of actin polymerization. A pseudog>gg>ene of this g>gg>ene has been defined on chromosome 10. Alternative splicing>gg> results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Apr 2014]

protein tyrosine phosphatase, non-g>receptorg> type 21

The protein encoded by this g>gg>ene is a member of the protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP) family. PTPs are known to be sig>gg>naling>gg> molecules that reg>gg>ulate a variety of cellular processes including>gg> cell g>gg>rowth, differentiation, mitotic cycle, and oncog>gg>enic transformation. This PTP contains an N-terminal domain, similar to cytoskeletal- associated proteins including>gg> band 4.1, ezrin, merlin, and radixin. This PTP was shown to specially interact with BMX/ETK, a member of Tec tyrosine kinase family characterized by a multimodular structures including>gg> PH, SH3, and SH2 domains. The interaction of this PTP with BMX kinase was found to increase the activation of STAT3, but not STAT2 kinase. Studies of the similar g>gg>ene in mice sug>gg>g>gg>ested the possible roles of this PTP in liver reg>gg>eneration and spermatog>gg>enesis. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

transient g>receptorg> potential cation channel, subfamily C, member 4 associated protein

Enables phosphatase binding>gg> activity and ubiquitin-like lig>gg>ase-substrate adaptor activity. Involved in protein ubiquitination and ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process via the C-end deg>gg>ron rule pathway. Part of Cul4A-RINg>Gg> E3 ubiquitin lig>gg>ase complex. Is active in Cul4-RINg>Gg> E3 ubiquitin lig>gg>ase complex. [provided by Alliance of g>Gg>enome Resources, Mar 2025]

nuclear g>receptorg> interacting>gg> protein 1

Nuclear g>receptorg> interacting>gg> protein 1 (NRIP1) is a nuclear protein that specifically interacts with the hormone-dependent activation domain AF2 of nuclear g>receptorg>s. Also known as RIP140, this protein modulates transcriptional activity of the estrog>gg>en g>receptorg>. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

nuclear g>receptorg> interacting>gg> protein 2

Predicted to enable aspartic-type endopeptidase activity. Predicted to be involved in proteolysis. Predicted to act upstream of or within Notch sig>gg>naling>gg> pathway and neg>gg>ative reg>gg>ulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II. Located in cytoplasm. [provided by Alliance of g>Gg>enome Resources, Mar 2025]

nuclear g>receptorg> interacting>gg> protein 3

Predicted to enable aspartic-type endopeptidase activity. Predicted to be involved in proteolysis. [provided by Alliance of g>Gg>enome Resources, Mar 2025]

protein C g>receptorg>, endothelial

The protein encoded by this g>gg>ene is a g>receptorg> for activated protein C, a serine protease activated by and involved in the blood coag>gg>ulation pathway. The encoded protein is an N-g>gg>lycosylated type I membrane protein that enhances the activation of protein C. Mutations in this g>gg>ene have been associated with venous thromboembolism and myocardial infarction, as well as with late fetal loss during>gg> preg>gg>nancy. The encoded protein may also play a role in malarial infection and has been associated with cancer. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2013]

melanocortin 2 g>receptorg> accessory protein

This g>gg>ene encodes a melanocortin g>receptorg>-interacting>gg> protein. The encoded protein reg>gg>ulates trafficking>gg> and function of the melanocortin 2 g>receptorg> in the adrenal g>gg>land. The encoded protein can also modulate sig>gg>naling>gg> of other melanocortin g>receptorg>s. Mutations in this g>gg>ene have been associated with familial g>gg>lucocorticoid deficiency type 2. Alternatively spliced transcript variants have been described. [provided by RefSeq, Dec 2009]

sig>gg>nal sequence g>receptorg>, beta (translocon-associated protein beta)

The sig>gg>nal sequence g>receptorg> (SSR) is a g>gg>lycosylated endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membrane g>receptorg> associated with protein translocation across the ER membrane. The SSR consists of 2 subunits, a 34-kD g>gg>lycoprotein (alpha-SSR or SSR1) and a 22-kD g>gg>lycoprotein (beta-SSR or SSR2). The human beta-sig>gg>nal sequence g>receptorg> g>gg>ene (SSR2) maps to chromosome bands 1q21-q23. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

sig>gg>nal sequence g>receptorg>, g>gg>amma (translocon-associated protein g>gg>amma)

The sig>gg>nal sequence g>receptorg> (SSR) is a g>gg>lycosylated endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membrane g>receptorg> associated with protein translocation across the ER membrane. The SSR is comprised of four membrane proteins/subunits: alpha, beta, g>gg>amma, and delta. The first two are g>gg>lycosylated subunits and the latter two are non-g>gg>lycosylated subunits. This g>gg>ene encodes the g>gg>amma subunit, which is predicted to span the membrane four times. [provided by RefSeq, Aug>gg> 2010]

plasminog>gg>en g>receptorg>, C-terminal lysine transmembrane protein

Predicted to be involved in positive reg>gg>ulation of plasminog>gg>en activation. Located in mitochondrion. [provided by Alliance of g>Gg>enome Resources, Mar 2025]

protein tyrosine phosphatase, non-g>receptorg> type 11 pseudog>gg>ene

nuclear g>receptorg> 2C2-associated protein

Located in nucleoplasm. [provided by Alliance of g>Gg>enome Resources, Mar 2025]

g>gg>rowth factor g>receptorg>-bound protein 10

The product of this g>gg>ene belong>gg>s to a small family of adapter proteins that are known to interact with a number of g>receptorg> tyrosine kinases and sig>gg>naling>gg> molecules. This g>gg>ene encodes a g>gg>rowth factor g>receptorg>-binding>gg> protein that interacts with insulin g>receptorg>s and insulin-like g>gg>rowth-factor g>receptorg>s. Overexpression of some isoforms of the encoded protein inhibits tyrosine kinase activity and results in g>gg>rowth suppression. This g>gg>ene is imprinted in a hig>gg>hly isoform- and tissue-specific manner, with expression observed from the paternal allele in the brain, and from the maternal allele in the placental trophoblasts. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding>gg> different isoforms have been identified. [provided by RefSeq, Oct 2010]

g>gg>rowth factor g>receptorg>-bound protein 14

The product of this g>gg>ene belong>gg>s to a small family of adapter proteins that are known to interact with a number of g>receptorg> tyrosine kinases and sig>gg>naling>gg> molecules. This g>gg>ene encodes a g>gg>rowth factor g>receptorg>-binding>gg> protein that interacts with insulin g>receptorg>s and insulin-like g>gg>rowth-factor g>receptorg>s. This protein likely has an inhibitory effect on g>receptorg> tyrosine kinase sig>gg>naling>gg> and, in particular, on insulin g>receptorg> sig>gg>naling>gg>. This g>gg>ene may play a role in sig>gg>naling>gg> pathways that reg>gg>ulate g>gg>rowth and metabolism. Alternative splicing>gg> results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Dec 2014]

g>gg>lutamate g>receptorg>, ionotropic, N-methyl D-aspartate-associated protein 1 (g>gg>lutamate binding>gg>)

Predicted to enable calcium channel activity. Predicted to be involved in apoptotic sig>gg>naling>gg> pathway; neg>gg>ative reg>gg>ulation of extrinsic apoptotic sig>gg>naling>gg> pathway via death domain g>receptorg>s; and neg>gg>ative reg>gg>ulation of neuron apoptotic process. Predicted to act upstream of or within endoplasmic reticulum calcium ion homeostasis and neg>gg>ative reg>gg>ulation of endoplasmic reticulum stress-induced intrinsic apoptotic sig>gg>naling>gg> pathway. Located in g>Gg>olg>gg>i membrane. [provided by Alliance of g>Gg>enome Resources, Mar 2025]

g>Gg>RP1 (g>gg>eneral g>receptorg> for phosphoinositides 1)-associated scaffold protein

This g>gg>ene encodes a protein that functions as a molecular scaffold, linking>gg> g>receptorg>s, including>gg> g>gg>roup 1 metabotropic g>gg>lutamate g>receptorg>s, to neuronal proteins. The encoded protein contains conserved domains, including>gg> a leucine zipper sequence, PDZ domain and a C-terminal PDZ-binding>gg> motif. Alternately spliced transcript variants have been observed for this g>gg>ene.[provided by RefSeq, Dec 2012]

protein tyrosine phosphatase, g>receptorg>-type, Z polypeptide 2

protein tyrosine phosphatase, g>receptorg>-type, Z polypeptide 1

This g>gg>ene encodes a member of the g>receptorg> protein tyrosine phosphatase family. Expression of this g>gg>ene is restricted to the central nervous system (CNS), and it may be involved in the reg>gg>ulation of specific developmental processes in the CNS. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding>gg> different isoforms have been described for this g>gg>ene. [provided by RefSeq, May 2011]

nuclear g>receptorg> binding>gg> SET domain protein 1

This g>gg>ene encodes a protein containing>gg> a SET domain, 2 LXXLL motifs, 3 nuclear translocation sig>gg>nals (NLSs), 4 plant homeodomain (PHD) fing>gg>er reg>gg>ions, and a proline-rich reg>gg>ion. The encoded protein enhances androg>gg>en g>receptorg> (AR) transactivation, and this enhancement can be increased further in the presence of other androg>gg>en g>receptorg> associated coreg>gg>ulators. This protein may act as a nucleus-localized, basic transcriptional factor and also as a bifunctional transcriptional reg>gg>ulator. Mutations of this g>gg>ene have been associated with Sotos syndrome and Weaver syndrome. One version of childhood acute myeloid leukemia is the result of a cryptic translocation with the breakpoints occurring>gg> within nuclear g>receptorg>-binding>gg> Su-var, enhancer of zeste, and trithorax domain protein 1 on chromosome 5 and nucleoporin, 98-kd on chromosome 11. Multiple transcript variants encoding>gg> distinct isoforms have been identified for this g>gg>ene. [provided by RefSeq, Sep 2018]

protein tyrosine phosphatase, non-g>receptorg> type 3

The protein encoded by this g>gg>ene is a member of the protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP) family. PTPs are known to be sig>gg>naling>gg> molecules that reg>gg>ulate a variety of cellular processes including>gg> cell g>gg>rowth, differentiation, mitotic cycle, and oncog>gg>enic transformation. This protein contains a C-terminal PTP domain and an N-terminal domain homolog>gg>ous to the band 4.1 superfamily of cytoskeletal-associated proteins. P97, a cell cycle reg>gg>ulator involved in a variety of membrane related functions, has been shown to be a substrate of this PTP. This PTP was also found to interact with, and be reg>gg>ulated by adaptor protein 14-3-3 beta. Several alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding>gg> different isoforms have been found for this g>gg>ene. [provided by RefSeq, Feb 2009]

interleukin 1 g>receptorg> accessory protein

This g>gg>ene encodes a component of the interleukin 1 g>receptorg> complex, which initiates sig>gg>nalling>gg> events that result in the activation of interleukin 1-responsive g>gg>enes. Alternative splicing>gg> of this g>gg>ene results in membrane-bound and soluble isoforms differing>gg> in their C-terminus. The ratio of soluble to membrane-bound forms increases during>gg> acute-phase induction or stress. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2018]

autocrine motility factor g>receptorg>, E3 ubiquitin protein lig>gg>ase

This locus encodes a g>gg>lycosylated transmembrane g>receptorg>. Its lig>gg>and, autocrine motility factor, is a tumor motility-stimulating>gg> protein secreted by tumor cells. The encoded g>receptorg> is also a member of the E3 ubiquitin lig>gg>ase family of proteins. It catalyzes ubiquitination and endoplasmic reticulum-associated deg>gg>radation of specific proteins. [provided by RefSeq, Feb 2012]

protein tyrosine phosphatase, non-g>receptorg> type 4 (meg>gg>akaryocyte) pseudog>gg>ene

g>Gg>ABA(A) g>receptorg>-associated protein-like 2 pseudog>gg>ene

nuclear g>receptorg> binding>gg> protein 2

Predicted to enable protein serine/threonine kinase activity. Involved in neg>gg>ative reg>gg>ulation of macroautophag>gg>y. Predicted to be active in cytoplasm. [provided by Alliance of g>Gg>enome Resources, Mar 2025]

nuclear g>receptorg> binding>gg> protein 1

Predicted to enable protein homodimerization activity and protein serine/threonine kinase activity. Involved in endoplasmic reticulum to g>Gg>olg>gg>i vesicle-mediated transport. Located in endomembrane system. [provided by Alliance of g>Gg>enome Resources, Mar 2025]

protein tyrosine phosphatase, non-g>receptorg> type 2 pseudog>gg>ene 2

proline-rich g>receptorg>-like protein kinase PERK2

g>receptorg> accessory protein 1

This g>gg>ene encodes a mitochondrial protein that functions to enhance the cell surface expression of odorant g>receptorg>s. Mutations in this g>gg>ene cause spastic parapleg>gg>ia autosomal dominant type 31, a neurodeg>gg>enerative disorder. Alternative splicing>gg> results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Sep 2009]

g>receptorg> accessory protein 3

Predicted to enable microtubule binding>gg> activity. Involved in mitotic nuclear membrane reassembly. Predicted to be located in endoplasmic reticulum; membrane; and microtubule. Predicted to be active in cytoplasmic microtubule; endoplasmic reticulum membrane; and endoplasmic reticulum tubular network. [provided by Alliance of g>Gg>enome Resources, Mar 2025]

g>receptorg> accessory protein 2

This g>gg>ene encodes a member of the g>receptorg> expression enhancing>gg> protein family. Studies of a related g>gg>ene in mouse sug>gg>g>gg>est that the encoded protein is found in the cell membrane and enhances the function of sweet taste g>receptorg>s. Alternative splicing>gg> results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Nov 2012]

g>receptorg> accessory protein 5

Predicted to be involved in endoplasmic reticulum membrane org>gg>anization and reg>gg>ulation of intracellular transport. Located in endoplasmic reticulum tubular network. [provided by Alliance of g>Gg>enome Resources, Mar 2025]

g>receptorg> accessory protein 4

Predicted to enable microtubule binding>gg> activity. Involved in mitotic nuclear membrane reassembly. Located in endoplasmic reticulum. [provided by Alliance of g>Gg>enome Resources, Mar 2025]

g>receptorg> accessory protein 6

The protein encoded by this g>gg>ene may be involved in the transport of g>receptorg>s from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) to the cell surface. The encoded protein may also play a role in reg>gg>ulating>gg> ER membrane structure. This g>gg>ene is required for the proper development of retinal rods and photog>receptorg>s, with defects in this g>gg>ene being>gg> associated with retinitis pig>gg>mentosa 77. [provided by RefSeq, May 2017]

protein tyrosine phosphatase, non-g>receptorg> type 11 pseudog>gg>ene

protein tyrosine phosphatase, non-g>receptorg> type 9

The protein encoded by this g>gg>ene is a member of the protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP) family. PTPs are known to be sig>gg>naling>gg> molecules that reg>gg>ulate a variety of cellular processes including>gg> cell g>gg>rowth, differentiation, mitotic cycle, and oncog>gg>enic transformation. This PTP contains an N-terminal domain that shares a sig>gg>nificant similarity with yeast SEC14, which is a protein that has phosphatidylinositol transfer activity and is required for protein secretion throug>gg>h the g>Gg>olg>gg>i complex in yeast. This PTP was found to be activated by polyphosphoinositide, and is thoug>gg>ht to be involved in sig>gg>naling>gg> events reg>gg>ulating>gg> phag>gg>ocytosis. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

protein tyrosine phosphatase, non-g>receptorg> type 2

The protein encoded by this g>gg>ene is a member of the protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP) family. Members of the PTP family share a hig>gg>hly conserved catalytic motif, which is essential for the catalytic activity. PTPs are known to be sig>gg>naling>gg> molecules that reg>gg>ulate a variety of cellular processes including>gg> cell g>gg>rowth, differentiation, mitotic cycle, and oncog>gg>enic transformation. Epidermal g>gg>rowth factor g>receptorg> and the adaptor protein Shc were reported to be substrates of this PTP, which sug>gg>g>gg>ested the roles in g>gg>rowth factor mediated cell sig>gg>naling>gg>. Multiple alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding>gg> different isoforms have been found. Two hig>gg>hly related but distinctly processed pseudog>gg>enes that localize to chromosomes 1 and 13, respectively, have been reported. [provided by RefSeq, May 2011]

protein tyrosine phosphatase, non-g>receptorg> type 1

The protein encoded by this g>gg>ene is the founding>gg> member of the protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP) family, which was isolated and identified based on its enzymatic activity and amino acid sequence. PTPs catalyze the hydrolysis of the phosphate monoesters specifically on tyrosine residues. Members of the PTP family share a hig>gg>hly conserved catalytic motif, which is essential for the catalytic activity. PTPs are known to be sig>gg>naling>gg> molecules that reg>gg>ulate a variety of cellular processes including>gg> cell g>gg>rowth, differentiation, mitotic cycle, and oncog>gg>enic transformation. This PTP has been shown to act as a neg>gg>ative reg>gg>ulator of insulin sig>gg>naling>gg> by dephosphorylating>gg> the phosphotryosine residues of insulin g>receptorg> kinase. This PTP was also reported to dephosphorylate epidermal g>gg>rowth factor g>receptorg> kinase, as well as JAK2 and TYK2 kinases, which implicated the role of this PTP in cell g>gg>rowth control, and cell response to interferon stimulation. Two transcript variants encoding>gg> different isoforms have been found for this g>gg>ene. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2013]

protein tyrosine phosphatase, non-g>receptorg> type 7

The protein encoded by this g>gg>ene is a member of the protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP) family. PTPs are known to be sig>gg>naling>gg> molecules that reg>gg>ulate a variety of cellular processes including>gg> cell g>gg>rowth, differentiation, mitotic cycle, and oncog>gg>enic transformation. This g>gg>ene is preferentially expressed in a variety of hematopoietic cells, and is an early response g>gg>ene in lymphokine stimulated cells. The non-catalytic N-terminus of this PTP can interact with MAP kinases and suppress the MAP kinase activities. This PTP was shown to be involved in the reg>gg>ulation of T cell antig>gg>en g>receptorg> (TCR) sig>gg>naling>gg>, which was thoug>gg>ht to function throug>gg>h dephosphorylating>gg> the molecules related to MAP kinase pathway. Multiple alternatively spliced transcript variants have been found for this g>gg>ene. [provided by RefSeq, Dec 2010]

protein tyrosine phosphatase, non-g>receptorg> type 6

The protein encoded by this g>gg>ene is a member of the protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP) family. PTPs are known to be sig>gg>naling>gg> molecules that reg>gg>ulate a variety of cellular processes including>gg> cell g>gg>rowth, differentiation, mitotic cycle, and oncog>gg>enic transformation. N-terminal part of this PTP contains two tandem Src homolog>gg> (SH2) domains, which act as protein phospho-tyrosine binding>gg> domains, and mediate the interaction of this PTP with its substrates. This PTP is expressed primarily in hematopoietic cells, and functions as an important reg>gg>ulator of multiple sig>gg>naling>gg> pathways in hematopoietic cells. This PTP has been shown to interact with, and dephosphorylate a wide spectrum of phospho-proteins involved in hematopoietic cell sig>gg>naling>gg>. Multiple alternatively spliced variants of this g>gg>ene, which encode distinct isoforms, have been reported. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

protein tyrosine phosphatase, non-g>receptorg> type 5 (striatum-enriched)

Enables phosphotyrosine residue binding>gg> activity. Predicted to be involved in sig>gg>nal transduction. Predicted to act upstream of or within protein dephosphorylation. Predicted to be located in membrane and nucleoplasm. Predicted to be active in cell junction; cytosol; and plasma membrane. Biomarker of Alzheimer's disease. [provided by Alliance of g>Gg>enome Resources, Mar 2025]

protein tyrosine phosphatase, non-g>receptorg> type 4 (meg>gg>akaryocyte)

The protein encoded by this g>gg>ene is a member of the protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP) family. PTPs are known to be sig>gg>naling>gg> molecules that reg>gg>ulate a variety of cellular processes including>gg> cell g>gg>rowth, differentiation, mitotic cycle, and oncog>gg>enic transformation. This protein contains a C-terminal PTP domain and an N-terminal domain homolog>gg>ous to the band 4.1 superfamily of cytoskeletal-associated proteins. This PTP has been shown to interact with g>gg>lutamate g>receptorg> delta 2 and epsilon subunits, and is thoug>gg>ht to play a role in sig>gg>nalling>gg> downstream of the g>gg>lutamate g>receptorg>s throug>gg>h tyrosine dephosphorylation. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

g>gg>lutamate g>receptorg> interacting>gg> protein 1

This g>gg>ene encodes a member of the g>gg>lutamate g>receptorg> interacting>gg> protein family. The encoded scaffold protein binds to and mediates the trafficking>gg> and membrane org>gg>anization of a number of transmembrane proteins. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding>gg> different isoforms have been described. [provided by RefSeq, May 2010]

g>gg>lutamate g>receptorg> interacting>gg> protein 2

Predicted to enable g>gg>lutamate g>receptorg> binding>gg> activity. Predicted to be involved in several processes, including>gg> neurotransmitter g>receptorg> transport, endosome to postsynaptic membrane; positive reg>gg>ulation of AMPA g>gg>lutamate g>receptorg> clustering>gg>; and positive reg>gg>ulation of excitatory postsynaptic potential. Predicted to act upstream of or within Notch sig>gg>naling>gg> pathway; artery smooth muscle contraction; and positive reg>gg>ulation of blood pressure. Predicted to be located in dendritic shaft. Predicted to be active in g>gg>lutamaterg>gg>ic synapse and postsynaptic density, intracellular component. [provided by Alliance of g>Gg>enome Resources, Mar 2025]

B-cell g>receptorg>-associated protein 31

This g>gg>ene encodes a member of the B-cell g>receptorg> associated protein 31 superfamily. The encoded protein is a multi-pass transmembrane protein of the endoplasmic reticulum that is involved in the anterog>gg>rade transport of membrane proteins from the endoplasmic reticulum to the g>Gg>olg>gg>i and in caspase 8-mediated apoptosis. Microdeletions in this g>gg>ene are associated with contig>gg>uous ABCD1/DXS1375E deletion syndrome (CADDS), a neonatal disorder. Alternative splicing>gg> of this g>gg>ene results in multiple transcript variants. Two related pseudog>gg>enes have been identified on chromosome 16. [provided by RefSeq, Jan 2012]

protein tyrosine phosphatase, non-g>receptorg> type 11 pseudog>gg>ene

retinoic acid g>receptorg> responder protein 2 pseudog>gg>ene

diazepam binding>gg> inhibitor (g>Gg>ABA g>receptorg> modulator, acyl-CoA binding>gg> protein)

This g>gg>ene encodes diazepam binding>gg> inhibitor, a protein that is reg>gg>ulated by hormones and is involved in lipid metabolism and the displacement of beta-carbolines and benzodiazepines, which modulate sig>gg>nal transduction at type A g>gg>amma-aminobutyric acid g>receptorg>s located in brain synapses. The protein is conserved from yeast to mammals, with the most hig>gg>hly conserved domain consisting>gg> of seven contig>gg>uous residues that constitute the hydrophobic binding>gg> site for medium- and long>gg>-chain acyl-Coenzyme A esters. Diazepam binding>gg> inhibitor is also known to mediate the feedback reg>gg>ulation of pancreatic secretion and the postprandial release of cholecystokinin, in addition to its role as a mediator in corticotropin-dependent adrenal steroidog>gg>enesis. Three pseudog>gg>enes located on chromosomes 6, 8 and 16 have been identified. Multiple transcript variants encoding>gg> different isoforms have been described for this g>gg>ene. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

protein tyrosine phosphatase, g>receptorg> type, D pseudog>gg>ene

TNF g>receptorg>-associated factor 6, E3 ubiquitin protein lig>gg>ase

The protein encoded by this g>gg>ene is a member of the TNF g>receptorg> associated factor (TRAF) protein family. TRAF proteins are associated with, and mediate sig>gg>nal transduction from, members of the TNF g>receptorg> superfamily. This protein has an amino terminal RINg>Gg> domain which is followed by four zinc-fing>gg>er motifs, a central coiled-coil reg>gg>ion and a hig>gg>hly conserved carboxyl terminal domain, known as the TRAF-C domain and mediates sig>gg>naling>gg> from members of the TNF g>receptorg> superfamily as well as the Toll/IL-1 family. Sig>gg>nals from g>receptorg>s such as CD40, TNFSF11/RANCE and IL-1 have been shown to be mediated by this protein. This protein also interacts with various protein kinases including>gg> IRAK1/IRAK, SRC and PKCzeta, which provides a link between distinct sig>gg>naling>gg> pathways. This protein functions as a sig>gg>nal transducer in the NF-kappaB pathway that activates IkappaB kinase (IKK) in response to proinflammatory cytokines. The interaction of this protein with UBE2N/UBC13, and UBE2V1/UEV1A, which are ubiquitin conjug>gg>ating>gg> enzymes catalyzing>gg> the formation of polyubiquitin chains, has been found to be required for IKK activation by this protein. This protein also interacts with the transforming>gg> g>gg>rowth factor (Tg>Gg>F) beta g>receptorg> complex and is required for Smad-independent activation of the JNK and p38 kinases. The protein encoded by this g>gg>ene is a key molecule in antiviral innate and antig>gg>en-specific immune responses. [provided by RefSeq, Nov 2021]

TNF g>receptorg>-associated factor 7, E3 ubiquitin protein lig>gg>ase

Tumor necrosis factor (TNF; see MIM 191160) g>receptorg>-associated factors, such as TRAF7, are sig>gg>nal transducers for members of the TNF g>receptorg> superfamily (see MIM 191190). TRAFs are composed of an N-terminal cysteine/histidine-rich reg>gg>ion containing>gg> zinc RINg>Gg> and/or zinc fing>gg>er motifs; a coiled-coil (leucine zipper) motif; and a homolog>gg>ous reg>gg>ion that defines the TRAF family, the TRAF domain, which is involved in self-association and g>receptorg> binding>gg>.[supplied by OMIM, Apr 2004]

inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate g>receptorg> interacting>gg> protein-like 2

Predicted to be located in membrane. [provided by Alliance of g>Gg>enome Resources, Mar 2025]

inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate g>receptorg> interacting>gg> protein-like 1

Enables g>receptorg> lig>gg>and activity. Involved in neg>gg>ative reg>gg>ulation of T cell g>receptorg> sig>gg>naling>gg> pathway. Located in membrane. Is active in plasma membrane. [provided by Alliance of g>Gg>enome Resources, Mar 2025]

B-cell g>receptorg>-associated protein 31 pseudog>gg>ene 1

g>Gg>ABA(A) g>receptorg>-associated protein

g>Gg>amma-aminobutyric acid A g>receptorg>s [g>Gg>ABA(A) g>receptorg>s] are lig>gg>and-g>gg>ated chloride channels that mediate inhibitory neurotransmission. This g>gg>ene encodes g>Gg>ABA(A) g>receptorg>-associated protein, which is hig>gg>hly positively charg>gg>ed in its N-terminus and shares sequence similarity with lig>gg>ht chain-3 of microtubule-associated proteins 1A and 1B. This protein clusters neurotransmitter g>receptorg>s by mediating>gg> interaction with the cytoskeleton. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

g>receptorg> (chemosensory) transporter protein 4

Predicted to enable olfactory g>receptorg> binding>gg> activity. Involved in detection of chemical stimulus involved in sensory perception of bitter taste and protein targ>gg>eting>gg> to membrane. Located in cytoplasm. [provided by Alliance of g>Gg>enome Resources, Mar 2025]

g>receptorg> (chemosensory) transporter protein 5 (putative)

Predicted to enable olfactory g>receptorg> binding>gg> activity. Predicted to be involved in detection of chemical stimulus involved in sensory perception of bitter taste; protein insertion into membrane; and protein targ>gg>eting>gg> to membrane. Predicted to be located in membrane. [provided by Alliance of g>Gg>enome Resources, Mar 2025]

g>receptorg> (chemosensory) transporter protein 2

Enables olfactory g>receptorg> binding>gg> activity. Involved in protein insertion into membrane. Located in cell surface. [provided by Alliance of g>Gg>enome Resources, Mar 2025]

g>receptorg> (chemosensory) transporter protein 3

Predicted to enable olfactory g>receptorg> binding>gg> activity. Involved in detection of chemical stimulus involved in sensory perception of bitter taste and protein targ>gg>eting>gg> to membrane. Located in cytoplasm. [provided by Alliance of g>Gg>enome Resources, Mar 2025]

g>receptorg> (chemosensory) transporter protein 1

Enables olfactory g>receptorg> binding>gg> activity. Involved in protein insertion into membrane. Located in cell surface. [provided by Alliance of g>Gg>enome Resources, Mar 2025]

aryl hydrocarbon g>receptorg> interacting>gg> protein-like 1

Leber cong>gg>enital amaurosis (LCA) is the most severe inherited retinopathy with the earliest ag>gg>e of onset and accounts for at least 5% of all inherited retinal diseases. Affected individuals are diag>gg>nosed at birth or in the first few months of life with nystag>gg>mus, severely impaired vision or blindness and an abnormal or flat electroretinog>gg>ram. The photog>receptorg>/pineal-expressed g>gg>ene, AIPL1, encoding>gg> aryl-hydrocarbon interacting>gg> protein-like 1, is located within the LCA4 candidate reg>gg>ion. The encoded protein contains three tetratricopeptide motifs, consistent with chaperone or nuclear transport activity. Mutations in this g>gg>ene may cause approximately 20% of recessive LCA. Alternative splicing>gg> results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Jan 2014]

non-specific cytotoxic cell g>receptorg> protein 1 homolog>gg> (zebrafish)

Predicted to contribute to ubiquitin protein lig>gg>ase activity. Involved in positive reg>gg>ulation of cell population proliferation. Located in cytosol. [provided by Alliance of g>Gg>enome Resources, Mar 2025]

transforming>gg> g>gg>rowth factor, beta g>receptorg> associated protein 1

This g>gg>ene encodes a protein that binds to transforming>gg> g>gg>rowth factor-beta (Tg>Gg>F-beta) g>receptorg>s and plays a role in Tg>Gg>F-beta sig>gg>naling>gg>. The encoded protein acts as a chaprone in sig>gg>naling>gg> downstream of Tg>Gg>F-beta. It is involved in sig>gg>nal-dependent association with SMAD4. The protein is also a component of mammalian CORVET, a multisubunit tethering>gg> protein complex that is involved in fusion of early endosomes. [provided by RefSeq, Jun 2016]

tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-g>receptorg> type 20-like

g>receptorg>-associated protein of the synapse

This g>gg>ene encodes a member of a family of proteins that are g>receptorg> associated proteins of the synapse. The encoded protein contains a conserved cAMP-dependent protein kinase phosphorylation site, and plays a critical role in clustering>gg> and anchoring>gg> nicotinic acetylcholine g>receptorg>s at synaptic sites by linking>gg> the g>receptorg>s to the underlying>gg> postsynaptic cytoskeleton, possibly by direct association with actin or spectrin. Mutations in this g>gg>ene may play a role in postsynaptic cong>gg>enital myasthenic syndromes. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding>gg> multiple isoforms have been observed for this g>gg>ene. [provided by RefSeq, Apr 2011]

protein tyrosine phosphatase, non-g>receptorg> type 11 pseudog>gg>ene

low density lipoprotein g>receptorg> adaptor protein 1

The protein encoded by this g>gg>ene is a cytosolic protein which contains a phosphotyrosine binding>gg> (PTD) domain. The PTD domain has been found to interact with the cytoplasmic tail of the LDL g>receptorg>. Mutations in this g>gg>ene lead to LDL g>receptorg> malfunction and cause the disorder autosomal recessive hypercholesterolaemia. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

protein tyrosine phosphatase, non-g>receptorg> type 2 pseudog>gg>ene 1

putative vomeronasal g>receptorg>-like protein 4

thyroid hormone g>receptorg> associated protein 3

Enables nuclear thyroid hormone g>receptorg> binding>gg> activity; phosphoprotein binding>gg> activity; and transcription coactivator activity. Involved in positive reg>gg>ulation of circadian rhythm and reg>gg>ulation of g>gg>ene expression. Acts upstream of or within positive reg>gg>ulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II. Located in exon-exon junction complex and nuclear speck. Part of mediator complex. [provided by Alliance of g>Gg>enome Resources, Mar 2025]

triiodothyronine g>receptorg> auxiliary protein

toll-interleukin 1 g>receptorg> (TIR) domain containing>gg> adaptor protein

The innate immune system recog>gg>nizes microbial pathog>gg>ens throug>gg>h Toll-like g>receptorg>s (TLRs), which identify pathog>gg>en-associated molecular patterns. Different TLRs recog>gg>nize different pathog>gg>en-associated molecular patterns and all TLRs have a Toll-interleukin 1 g>receptorg> (TIR) domain, which is responsible for sig>gg>nal transduction. The protein encoded by this g>gg>ene is a TIR adaptor protein involved in the TLR4 sig>gg>naling>gg> pathway of the immune system. It activates NF-kappa-B, MAPK1, MAPK3 and JNK, which then results in cytokine secretion and the inflammatory response. Alternative splicing>gg> of this g>gg>ene results in several transcript variants; however, not all variants have been fully described. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

Fc g>receptorg>-like protein 2

bone morphog>gg>enetic protein g>receptorg>, type IA pseudog>gg>ene 1

bone morphog>gg>enetic protein g>receptorg>, type IA pseudog>gg>ene 2

benzodiazepine g>receptorg> (peripheral) associated protein 1

Enables benzodiazepine g>receptorg> binding>gg> activity. Involved in reg>gg>ulation of neurotransmitter secretion. Located in mitochondrion. Implicated in dystonia 22, adult-onset and dystonia 22, juvenile-onset. [provided by Alliance of g>Gg>enome Resources, Mar 2025]

thyroid hormone g>receptorg> associated protein 3 pseudog>gg>ene

diazepam binding>gg> inhibitor (g>Gg>ABA g>receptorg> modulator, acyl-CoA binding>gg> protein) pseudog>gg>ene 2

diazepam binding>gg> inhibitor (g>Gg>ABA g>receptorg> modulator, acyl-CoA binding>gg> protein) pseudog>gg>ene 3

diazepam binding>gg> inhibitor (g>Gg>ABA g>receptorg> modulator, acyl-CoA binding>gg> protein) pseudog>gg>ene 1

KDEL (Lys-Asp-g>Gg>lu-Leu) endoplasmic reticulum protein retention g>receptorg> 2

Retention of resident soluble proteins in the lumen of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is achieved in both yeast and animal cells by their continual retrieval from the cis-g>Gg>olg>gg>i, or a pre-g>Gg>olg>gg>i compartment. Sorting>gg> of these proteins is dependent on a C-terminal tetrapeptide sig>gg>nal, usually lys-asp-g>gg>lu-leu (KDEL) in animal cells, and his-asp-g>gg>lu-leu (HDEL) in S. cerevisiae. This process is mediated by a g>receptorg> that recog>gg>nizes, and binds the tetrapeptide-containing>gg> protein, and returns it to the ER. In yeast, the sorting>gg> g>receptorg> encoded by a sing>gg>le g>gg>ene, ERD2, is a seven-transmembrane protein. Unlike yeast, several human homolog>gg>s of the ERD2 g>gg>ene, constituting>gg> the KDEL g>receptorg> g>gg>ene family, have been described. KDELR2 was the second member of the family to be identified, and it encodes a protein which is 83% identical to the KDELR1 g>gg>ene product. Alternative splicing>gg> results in multiple transcript variants encoding>gg> distinct isoforms. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

KDEL (Lys-Asp-g>Gg>lu-Leu) endoplasmic reticulum protein retention g>receptorg> 3

This g>gg>ene encodes a member of the KDEL endoplasmic reticulum protein retention g>receptorg> family. Retention of resident soluble proteins in the lumen of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is achieved in both yeast and animal cells by their continual retrieval from the cis-g>Gg>olg>gg>i, or a pre-g>Gg>olg>gg>i compartment. Sorting>gg> of these proteins is dependent on a C-terminal tetrapeptide sig>gg>nal, usually lys-asp-g>gg>lu-leu (KDEL) in animal cells, and his-asp-g>gg>lu-leu (HDEL) in S. cerevisiae. This process is mediated by a g>receptorg> that recog>gg>nizes, and binds the tetrapeptide-containing>gg> protein, and returns it to the ER. In yeast, the sorting>gg> g>receptorg> encoded by a sing>gg>le g>gg>ene, ERD2, is a seven-transmembrane protein. Unlike yeast, several human homolog>gg>s of the ERD2 g>gg>ene, constituting>gg> the KDEL g>receptorg> g>gg>ene family, have been described. KDELR3 was the third member of the family to be identified. Alternate splicing>gg> results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2013]

KDEL (Lys-Asp-g>Gg>lu-Leu) endoplasmic reticulum protein retention g>receptorg> 1

Retention of resident soluble proteins in the lumen of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is achieved in both yeast and animal cells by their continual retrieval from the cis-g>Gg>olg>gg>i, or a pre-g>Gg>olg>gg>i compartment. Sorting>gg> of these proteins is dependent on a C-terminal tetrapeptide sig>gg>nal, usually lys-asp-g>gg>lu-leu (KDEL) in animal cells, and his-asp-g>gg>lu-leu (HDEL) in S. cerevisiae. This process is mediated by a g>receptorg> that recog>gg>nizes, and binds the tetrapeptide-containing>gg> protein, and returns it to the ER. In yeast, the sorting>gg> g>receptorg> encoded by a sing>gg>le g>gg>ene, ERD2, which is a seven-transmembrane protein. Unlike yeast, several human homolog>gg>s of the ERD2 g>gg>ene, constituting>gg> the KDEL g>receptorg> g>gg>ene family, have been described. The protein encoded by this g>gg>ene was the first member of the family to be identified, and it encodes a protein structurally and functionally similar to the yeast ERD2 g>gg>ene product. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

ang>gg>iotensin II g>receptorg>-associated protein

This g>gg>ene encodes a transmembrane protein localized to the plasma membrane and perinuclear vesicular structures. The g>gg>ene product interacts with the ang>gg>iotensin II type I g>receptorg> and neg>gg>atively reg>gg>ulates ang>gg>iotensin II sig>gg>naling>gg>. Alternative splicing>gg> of this g>gg>ene g>gg>enerates multiple transcript variants encoding>gg> different isoforms. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

cornichon family AMPA g>receptorg> auxiliary protein 4 pseudog>gg>ene

TNF g>receptorg>-associated protein 1

This g>gg>ene encodes a mitochondrial chaperone protein that is member of the heat shock protein 90 (HSP90) family. The encoded protein has ATPase activity and interacts with tumor necrosis factor type I. This protein may function in reg>gg>ulating>gg> cellular stress responses. Alternate splicing>gg> results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Jan 2013]

aryl hydrocarbon g>receptorg> interacting>gg> protein

The protein encoded by this g>gg>ene is a g>receptorg> for aryl hydrocarbons and a lig>gg>and-activated transcription factor. The encoded protein is found in the cytoplasm as part of a multiprotein complex, but upon binding>gg> of lig>gg>and is transported to the nucleus. This protein can reg>gg>ulate the expression of many xenobiotic metabolizing>gg> enzymes. Also, the encoded protein can bind specifically to and inhibit the activity of hepatitis B virus. Three transcript variants encoding>gg> different isoforms have been found for this g>gg>ene. [provided by RefSeq, Dec 2014]

taste g>receptorg> cell protein 1-like

protein tyrosine phosphatase, g>receptorg> type, V, pseudog>gg>ene

Predicted to enable protein tyrosine phosphatase activity. Predicted to act upstream of or within several processes, including>gg> DNA damag>gg>e response, sig>gg>nal transduction by p53 class mediator resulting>gg> in cell cycle arrest; neg>gg>ative reg>gg>ulation of insulin secretion; and type B pancreatic cell proliferation. [provided by Alliance of g>Gg>enome Resources, Mar 2025]

B-cell g>receptorg>-associated protein 29

Involved in osteoblast differentiation. Located in membrane. [provided by Alliance of g>Gg>enome Resources, Mar 2025]

protein tyrosine phosphatase, g>receptorg> type, R

The protein encoded by this g>gg>ene is a member of the protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP) family. PTPs are known to be sig>gg>naling>gg> molecules that reg>gg>ulate a variety of cellular processes including>gg> cell g>gg>rowth, differentiation, mitotic cycle, and oncog>gg>enic transformation. This PTP possesses an extracellular reg>gg>ion, a sing>gg>le transmembrane reg>gg>ion, and a sing>gg>le intracellular catalytic domain, and thus represents a g>receptorg>-type PTP. Silencing>gg> of this g>gg>ene has been associated with colorectal cancer. Multiple transcript variants encoding>gg> different isoforms have been found for this g>gg>ene. This g>gg>ene shares a symbol (PTPRQ) with another g>gg>ene, protein tyrosine phosphatase, g>receptorg> type, Q (g>Gg>eneID 374462), which is also located on chromosome 12. [provided by RefSeq, May 2011]

interleukin 1 g>receptorg> accessory protein-like 1

The protein encoded by this g>gg>ene is a member of the interleukin 1 g>receptorg> family and is similar to the interleukin 1 accessory proteins. This protein has an N-terminal sig>gg>nal peptide, three extracellular immunog>gg>lobulin Ig>gg>-like domains, a transmembrane domain, an intracellular Toll/IL-1R domain, and a long>gg> C-terminal tail which interacts with multiple sig>gg>nalling>gg> molecules. This g>gg>ene is located at a reg>gg>ion on chromosome X that is associated with a non-syndromic form of X-linked intellectual disability. Deletions and mutations in this g>gg>ene were found in patients with intellectual disability. This g>gg>ene is expressed at a hig>gg>h level in post-natal brain structures involved in the hippocampal memory system, which sug>gg>g>gg>ests a specialized role in the physiolog>gg>ical processes underlying>gg> memory and learning>gg> abilities, and plays a role in synapse formation and stabilization. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2017]

interleukin 1 g>receptorg> accessory protein-like 2

The protein encoded by this g>gg>ene is a member of the interleukin 1 g>receptorg> family. This protein is similar to the interleukin 1 accessory proteins, and is most closely related to interleukin 1 g>receptorg> accessory protein-like 1 (IL1RAPL1). This g>gg>ene and IL1RAPL1 are located at a reg>gg>ion on chromosome X that is associated with X-linked non-syndromic cog>gg>nitive disability. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

TNF g>receptorg>-associated factor 7, E3 ubiquitin protein lig>gg>ase pseudog>gg>ene

protein tyrosine phosphatase, g>receptorg> type, U

The protein encoded by this g>gg>ene is a member of the protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP) family. PTPs are known to be sig>gg>naling>gg> molecules that reg>gg>ulate a variety of cellular processes including>gg> cell g>gg>rowth, differentiation, mitotic cycle, and oncog>gg>enic transformation. This PTP possesses an extracellular reg>gg>ion, a sing>gg>le transmembrane reg>gg>ion, and two tandem intracellular catalytic domains, and thus represents a g>receptorg>-type PTP. The extracellular reg>gg>ion contains a meprin-A5 antig>gg>en-PTP (MAM) domain, Ig>gg>-like and fibronectin type III-like repeats. This PTP was thoug>gg>ht to play roles in cell-cell recog>gg>nition and adhesion. Studies of the similar g>gg>ene in mice sug>gg>g>gg>ested the role of this PTP in early neural development. The expression of this g>gg>ene was reported to be reg>gg>ulated by phorbol myristate acetate (PMA) or calcium ionophore in Jurkat T lymphoma cells. Alternatively spliced transcript variants have been reported. [provided by RefSeq, Aug>gg> 2010]

protein tyrosine phosphatase, g>receptorg> type, T

The protein encoded by this g>gg>ene is a member of the protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP) family. PTPs are known to be sig>gg>naling>gg> molecules that reg>gg>ulate a variety of cellular processes including>gg> cell g>gg>rowth, differentiation, mitotic cycle, and oncog>gg>enic transformation. This PTP possesses an extracellular reg>gg>ion, a sing>gg>le transmembrane reg>gg>ion, and two tandem intracellular catalytic domains, and thus represents a g>receptorg>-type PTP. The extracellular reg>gg>ion contains a meprin-A5 antig>gg>en-PTP (MAM) domain, Ig>gg>-like and fibronectin type III-like repeats. The protein domain structure and the expression pattern of the mouse counterpart of this PTP sug>gg>g>gg>est its roles in both sig>gg>nal transduction and cellular adhesion in the central nervous system. Two alternatively spliced transcript variants of this g>gg>ene, which encode distinct proteins, have been reported. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

protein tyrosine phosphatase, g>receptorg> type, S

The protein encoded by this g>gg>ene is a member of the protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP) family. PTPs are known to be sig>gg>naling>gg> molecules that reg>gg>ulate a variety of cellular processes including>gg> cell g>gg>rowth, differentiation, mitotic cycle, and oncog>gg>enic transformation. This PTP contains an extracellular reg>gg>ion, a sing>gg>le transmembrane seg>gg>ment and two tandem intracytoplasmic catalytic domains, and thus represents a g>receptorg>-type PTP. The extracellular reg>gg>ion of this protein is composed of multiple Ig>gg>-like and fibronectin type III-like domains. Studies of the similar g>gg>ene in mice sug>gg>g>gg>ested that this PTP may be involved in cell-cell interaction, primary axonog>gg>enesis, and axon g>gg>uidance during>gg> embryog>gg>enesis. This PTP has been also implicated in the molecular control of adult nerve repair. Four alternatively spliced transcript variants, which encode distinct proteins, have been reported. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

protein tyrosine phosphatase, g>receptorg> type, Q

This locus encodes a member of the type III g>receptorg>-like protein-tyrosine phosphatase family. The encoded protein catalyzes the dephosphorylation of phosphotyrosine and phosphatidylinositol and plays roles in cellular proliferation and differentiation. Mutations at this locus have been linked to autosomal recessive deafness. [provided by RefSeq, Mar 2014]

protein tyrosine phosphatase, g>receptorg> type, g>Gg>

The protein encoded by this g>gg>ene is a member of the protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP) family. PTPs are known to be sig>gg>naling>gg> molecules that reg>gg>ulate a variety of cellular processes including>gg> cell g>gg>rowth, differentiation, mitotic cycle, and oncog>gg>enic transformation. This PTP possesses an extracellular reg>gg>ion, a sing>gg>le transmembrane reg>gg>ion, and two tandem intracytoplasmic catalytic domains, and thus represents a g>receptorg>-type PTP. The extracellular reg>gg>ion of this PTP contains a carbonic anhydrase-like (CAH) domain, which is also found in the extracellular reg>gg>ion of PTPRBETA/ZETA. This g>gg>ene is located in a chromosomal reg>gg>ion that is frequently deleted in renal cell carcinoma and lung>gg> carcinoma, thus is thoug>gg>ht to be a candidate tumor suppressor g>gg>ene. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

protein tyrosine phosphatase, g>receptorg> type, F

The protein encoded by this g>gg>ene is a member of the protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP) family. PTPs are known to be sig>gg>naling>gg> molecules that reg>gg>ulate a variety of cellular processes including>gg> cell g>gg>rowth, differentiation, mitotic cycle, and oncog>gg>enic transformation. This PTP possesses an extracellular reg>gg>ion, a sing>gg>le transmembrane reg>gg>ion, and two tandem intracytoplasmic catalytic domains, and thus represents a g>receptorg>-type PTP. The extracellular reg>gg>ion contains three Ig>gg>-like domains, and nine non-Ig>gg> like domains similar to that of neural-cell adhesion molecule. This PTP was shown to function in the reg>gg>ulation of epithelial cell-cell contacts at adherents junctions, as well as in the control of beta-catenin sig>gg>naling>gg>. An increased expression level of this protein was found in the insulin-responsive tissue of obese, insulin-resistant individuals, and may contribute to the pathog>gg>enesis of insulin resistance. Two alternatively spliced transcript variants of this g>gg>ene, which encode distinct proteins, have been reported. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

protein tyrosine phosphatase, g>receptorg> type, E

The protein encoded by this g>gg>ene is a member of the protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP) family. PTPs are known to be sig>gg>naling>gg> molecules that reg>gg>ulate a variety of cellular processes including>gg> cell g>gg>rowth, differentiation, mitotic cycle, and oncog>gg>enic transformation. Several alternatively spliced transcript variants of this g>gg>ene have been reported, at least two of which encode a g>receptorg>-type PTP that possesses a short extracellular domain, a sing>gg>le transmembrane reg>gg>ion, and two tandem intracytoplasmic catalytic domains; another one encodes a PTP that contains a distinct hydrophilic N-terminus, and thus represents a nong>receptorg>-type isoform of this PTP. Studies of the similar g>gg>ene in mice sug>gg>g>gg>ested the reg>gg>ulatory roles of this PTP in RAS related sig>gg>nal transduction pathways, cytokine-induced SATA sig>gg>naling>gg>, as well as the activation of voltag>gg>e-g>gg>ated K+ channels. [provided by RefSeq, Oct 2015]

protein tyrosine phosphatase, g>receptorg> type, D

The protein encoded by this g>gg>ene is a member of the protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP) family. PTPs are known to be sig>gg>naling>gg> molecules that reg>gg>ulate a variety of cellular processes including>gg> cell g>gg>rowth, differentiation, mitotic cycle, and oncog>gg>enic transformation. This PTP contains an extracellular reg>gg>ion, a sing>gg>le transmembrane seg>gg>ment and two tandem intracytoplasmic catalytic domains, and thus represents a g>receptorg>-type PTP. The extracellular reg>gg>ion of this protein is composed of three Ig>gg>-like and eig>gg>ht fibronectin type III-like domains. Studies of the similar g>gg>enes in chicken and fly sug>gg>g>gg>est the role of this PTP is in promoting>gg> neurite g>gg>rowth, and reg>gg>ulating>gg> neurons axon g>gg>uidance. Multiple alternatively spliced transcript variants of this g>gg>ene have been reported. A related pseudog>gg>ene has been identified on chromosome 5. [provided by RefSeq, Jan 2010]

protein tyrosine phosphatase, g>receptorg> type, C

The protein encoded by this g>gg>ene is a member of the protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP) family. PTPs are known to be sig>gg>naling>gg> molecules that reg>gg>ulate a variety of cellular processes including>gg> cell g>gg>rowth, differentiation, mitosis, and oncog>gg>enic transformation. This PTP contains an extracellular domain, a sing>gg>le transmembrane seg>gg>ment and two tandem intracytoplasmic catalytic domains, and thus is classified as a g>receptorg> type PTP. This PTP has been shown to be an essential reg>gg>ulator of T- and B-cell antig>gg>en g>receptorg> sig>gg>naling>gg>. It functions throug>gg>h either direct interaction with components of the antig>gg>en g>receptorg> complexes, or by activating>gg> various Src family kinases required for the antig>gg>en g>receptorg> sig>gg>naling>gg>. This PTP also suppresses JAK kinases, and thus functions as a reg>gg>ulator of cytokine g>receptorg> sig>gg>naling>gg>. Alternatively spliced transcripts variants of this g>gg>ene, which encode distinct isoforms, have been reported. [provided by RefSeq, Jun 2012]

protein tyrosine phosphatase, g>receptorg> type, B

The protein encoded by this g>gg>ene is a member of the protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP) family. PTPs are known to be sig>gg>naling>gg> molecules that reg>gg>ulate a variety of cellular processes including>gg> cell g>gg>rowth, differentiation, mitotic cycle, and oncog>gg>enic transformation. This PTP contains an extracellular domain, a sing>gg>le transmembrane seg>gg>ment and one intracytoplasmic catalytic domain, thus belong>gg>s to g>receptorg> type PTP. The extracellular reg>gg>ion of this PTP is composed of multiple fibronectin type_III repeats, which was shown to interact with neuronal g>receptorg> and cell adhesion molecules, such as contactin and tenascin C. This protein was also found to interact with sodium channels, and thus may reg>gg>ulate sodium channels by altering>gg> tyrosine phosphorylation status. The functions of the interaction partners of this protein implicate the roles of this PTP in cell adhesion, neurite g>gg>rowth, and neuronal differentiation. Alternate transcript variants encoding>gg> different isoforms have been found for this g>gg>ene. [provided by RefSeq, May 2011]

protein tyrosine phosphatase, g>receptorg> type, A

The protein encoded by this g>gg>ene is a member of the protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP) family. PTPs are known to be sig>gg>naling>gg> molecules that reg>gg>ulate a variety of cellular processes including>gg> cell g>gg>rowth, differentiation, mitotic cycle, and oncog>gg>enic transformation. This PTP contains an extracellular domain, a sing>gg>le transmembrane seg>gg>ment and two tandem intracytoplasmic catalytic domains, and thus represents a g>receptorg>-type PTP. This PTP has been shown to dephosphorylate and activate Src family tyrosine kinases, and is implicated in the reg>gg>ulation of integ>gg>rin sig>gg>naling>gg>, cell adhesion and proliferation. Three alternatively spliced variants of this g>gg>ene, which encode two distinct isoforms, have been reported. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

protein tyrosine phosphatase, g>receptorg> type, O

This g>gg>ene encodes a member of the R3 subtype family of g>receptorg>-type protein tyrosine phosphatases. These proteins are localized to the apical surface of polarized cells and may have tissue-specific functions throug>gg>h activation of Src family kinases. This g>gg>ene contains two distinct promoters, and alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding>gg> multiple isoforms have been observed. The encoded proteins may have multiple isoform-specific and tissue-specific functions, including>gg> the reg>gg>ulation of osteoclast production and activity, inhibition of cell proliferation and facilitation of apoptosis. This g>gg>ene is a candidate tumor suppressor, and decreased expression of this g>gg>ene has been observed in several types of cancer. [provided by RefSeq, May 2011]

protein tyrosine phosphatase, g>receptorg> type, N

The protein encoded by this g>gg>ene is a member of the protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP) family. PTPs are known to be sig>gg>naling>gg> molecules that reg>gg>ulate a variety of cellular processes including>gg> cell g>gg>rowth, differentiation, mitotic cycle, and oncog>gg>enic transformation. This PTP possesses an extracellular reg>gg>ion, a sing>gg>le transmembrane reg>gg>ion, and a sing>gg>le catalytic domain, and thus represents a g>receptorg>-type PTP. This PTP was found to be an autoantig>gg>en that is reactive with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patient sera, and thus may be a potential targ>gg>et of autoimmunity in diabetes mellitus. Alternate splicing>gg> results in multiple transcript variants.[provided by RefSeq, Dec 2010]

protein tyrosine phosphatase, g>receptorg> type, M

The protein encoded by this g>gg>ene is a member of the protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP) family. PTPs are known to be sig>gg>naling>gg> molecules that reg>gg>ulate a variety of cellular processes including>gg> cell g>gg>rowth, differentiation, mitotic cycle, and oncog>gg>enic transformation. This PTP possesses an extracellular reg>gg>ion, a sing>gg>le transmembrane reg>gg>ion, and two tandem catalytic domains, and thus represents a g>receptorg>-type PTP. The extracellular reg>gg>ion contains a meprin-A5 antig>gg>en-PTP mu (MAM) domain, an Ig>gg>-like domain and four fibronectin type III-like repeats. This PTP has been shown to mediate cell-cell ag>gg>g>gg>reg>gg>ation throug>gg>h the interaction with another molecule of this PTP on an adjacent cell. This PTP can interact with scaffolding>gg> protein RACK1/g>Gg>NB2L1, which may be necessary for the downstream sig>gg>naling>gg> in response to cell-cell adhesion. Alternative splicing>gg> results in multiple transcripts encoding>gg> distinct isoforms. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

protein tyrosine phosphatase, g>receptorg> type, K

The protein encoded by this g>gg>ene is a member of the protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP) family. PTPs are known to be sig>gg>naling>gg> molecules that reg>gg>ulate a variety of cellular processes including>gg> cell g>gg>rowth, differentiation, mitotic cycle, and oncog>gg>enic transformation. This PTP possesses an extracellular reg>gg>ion, a sing>gg>le transmembrane reg>gg>ion, and two tandem catalytic domains, and thus represents a g>receptorg>-type PTP. The extracellular reg>gg>ion contains a meprin-A5 antig>gg>en-PTP mu (MAM) domain, an Ig>gg>-like domain and four fibronectin type III-like repeats. This PTP was shown to mediate homophilic intercellular interaction, possibly throug>gg>h the interaction with beta- and g>gg>amma-catenin at adherens junctions. Expression of this g>gg>ene was found to be stimulated by Tg>Gg>F-beta 1, which may be important for the inhibition of keratinocyte proliferation. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

protein tyrosine phosphatase, g>receptorg> type, J

The protein encoded by this g>gg>ene is a member of the protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP) family. PTPs are known to be sig>gg>naling>gg> molecules that reg>gg>ulate a variety of cellular processes, including>gg> cell g>gg>rowth, differentiation, mitotic cycle, and oncog>gg>enic transformation. This PTP possesses an extracellular reg>gg>ion containing>gg> five fibronectin type III repeats, a sing>gg>le transmembrane reg>gg>ion, and a sing>gg>le intracytoplasmic catalytic domain, and thus represents a g>receptorg>-type PTP. This protein is present in all hematopoietic lineag>gg>es, and was shown to neg>gg>atively reg>gg>ulate T cell g>receptorg> sig>gg>naling>gg> possibly throug>gg>h interfering>gg> with the phosphorylation of Phospholipase C g>Gg>amma 1 and Linker for Activation of T Cells. This protein can also dephosphorylate the PDg>Gg>F beta g>receptorg>, and may be involved in UV-induced sig>gg>nal transduction. Multiple transcript variants encoding>gg> different isoforms have been found for this g>gg>ene. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

protein tyrosine phosphatase, g>receptorg> type, H

The protein encoded by this g>gg>ene is a member of the protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP) family. PTPs are known to be sig>gg>naling>gg> molecules that reg>gg>ulate a variety of cellular processes including>gg> cell g>gg>rowth, differentiation, mitotic cycle, and oncog>gg>enic transformation. This PTP possesses an extracellular reg>gg>ion, a sing>gg>le transmembrane reg>gg>ion, and a sing>gg>le intracytoplasmic catalytic domain, and thus represents a g>receptorg>-type PTP. The extracellular reg>gg>ion contains eig>gg>ht fibronectin type III-like repeats and multiple N-g>gg>lycosylation sites. The g>gg>ene was shown to be expressed primarily in brain and liver, and at a lower level in heart and stomach. It was also found to be expressed in several cancer cell lines, but not in the corresponding>gg> normal tissues. Alternative splicing>gg> results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Jun 2009]

proline-rich g>receptorg>-like protein kinase PERK2

g>gg>rowth factor g>receptorg>-bound protein 2

The protein encoded by this g>gg>ene binds the epidermal g>gg>rowth factor g>receptorg> and contains one SH2 domain and two SH3 domains. Its two SH3 domains direct complex formation with proline-rich reg>gg>ions of other proteins, and its SH2 domain binds tyrosine phosphorylated sequences. This g>gg>ene is similar to the Sem5 g>gg>ene of C.eleg>gg>ans, which is involved in the sig>gg>nal transduction pathway. Two alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding>gg> different isoforms have been found for this g>gg>ene. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

g>gg>rowth factor g>receptorg>-bound protein 7

The product of this g>gg>ene belong>gg>s to a small family of adapter proteins that are known to interact with a number of g>receptorg> tyrosine kinases and sig>gg>naling>gg> molecules. This g>gg>ene encodes a g>gg>rowth factor g>receptorg>-binding>gg> protein that interacts with epidermal g>gg>rowth factor g>receptorg> (Eg>Gg>FR) and ephrin g>receptorg>s. The protein plays a role in the integ>gg>rin sig>gg>naling>gg> pathway and cell mig>gg>ration by binding>gg> with focal adhesion kinase (FAK). Several transcript variants encoding>gg> two different isoforms have been found for this g>gg>ene. [provided by RefSeq, Jun 2011]

g>Gg>ABA(A) g>receptorg>-associated protein like 1

Enables Tat protein binding>gg> activity; phospholipid binding>gg> activity; and ubiquitin protein lig>gg>ase binding>gg> activity. Predicted to be involved in cellular response to nitrog>gg>en starvation and macroautophag>gg>y. Located in autophag>gg>osome and mitochondrion. [provided by Alliance of g>Gg>enome Resources, Mar 2025]

g>Gg>ABA(A) g>receptorg>-associated protein-like 2

Enables phosphatidylethanolamine binding>gg> activity and ubiquitin protein lig>gg>ase binding>gg> activity. Involved in neg>gg>ative reg>gg>ulation of proteasomal protein catabolic process and protein localization to endoplasmic reticulum. Located in g>Gg>olg>gg>i membrane and autophag>gg>osome membrane. [provided by Alliance of g>Gg>enome Resources, Mar 2025]

protein tyrosine phosphatase, g>receptorg> type, N polypeptide 2

This g>gg>ene encodes a protein with sequence similarity to g>receptorg>-like protein tyrosine phosphatases. However, tyrosine phosphatase activity has not been experimentally validated for this protein. Studies of the rat ortholog>gg> sug>gg>g>gg>est that the encoded protein may instead function as a phosphatidylinositol phosphatase with the ability to dephosphorylate phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate and phosphatidylinositol 4,5-diphosphate, and this function may be involved in the reg>gg>ulation of insulin secretion. This protein has been identified as an autoantig>gg>en in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. Alternative splicing>gg> results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Feb 2015]

scaveng>gg>er g>receptorg> protein family member

Predicted to be involved in T cell mediated immunity. Located in brush border and cytoplasm. [provided by Alliance of g>Gg>enome Resources, Mar 2025]

sig>gg>nal recog>gg>nition particle g>receptorg> (docking>gg> protein)

The g>gg>ene encodes a subunit of the endoplasmic reticulum sig>gg>nal recog>gg>nition particle g>receptorg> that, in conjunction with the sig>gg>nal recog>gg>nition particle, is involved in the targ>gg>eting>gg> and translocation of sig>gg>nal sequence tag>gg>g>gg>ed secretory and membrane proteins across the endoplasmic reticulum. Alternative splicing>gg> results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Apr 2010]

protein tyrosine phosphatase, non-g>receptorg> type 20C, pseudog>gg>ene

serine-threonine kinase g>receptorg>-associated protein pseudog>gg>ene

inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate g>receptorg> interacting>gg> protein

This g>gg>ene encodes a membrane-associated protein that binds the inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate g>receptorg> (ITPR). The encoded protein enhances the sensitivity of ITPR to intracellular calcium sig>gg>naling>gg>. Alternative splicing>gg> results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Dec 2012]

g>Gg>ABA(A) g>receptorg>-associated protein pseudog>gg>ene

serine/threonine kinase g>receptorg> associated protein pseudog>gg>ene

B-cell g>receptorg>-associated protein 31 pseudog>gg>ene 2

bone morphog>gg>enetic protein g>receptorg>, type II (serine/threonine kinase)

This g>gg>ene encodes a member of the bone morphog>gg>enetic protein (BMP) g>receptorg> family of transmembrane serine/threonine kinases. The lig>gg>ands of this g>receptorg> are members of the Tg>Gg>F-beta superfamily. BMPs are involved in endochondral bone formation and embryog>gg>enesis. These proteins transduce their sig>gg>nals throug>gg>h the formation of heteromeric complexes of two different types of serine (threonine) kinase g>receptorg>s: type I g>receptorg>s of about 50-55 kD and type II g>receptorg>s of about 70-80 kD. Mutations in this g>gg>ene have been associated with primary pulmonary hypertension, both familial and fenfluramine-associated, and with pulmonary venoocclusive disease. [provided by RefSeq, May 2020]

melanocortin 2 g>receptorg> accessory protein 2

This g>gg>ene encodes a protein that modulates melanocortin g>receptorg> sig>gg>naling>gg>. The encoded protein has been shown to interact with all known melanocortin g>receptorg>s and may reg>gg>ulate both g>receptorg> trafficking>gg> and activation in response to lig>gg>ands. Mice lacking>gg> a functional copy of this g>gg>ene exhibit severe obesity and a mutation in this g>gg>ene may be associated with severe obesity in human patients. [provided by RefSeq, Oct 2016]

protein tyrosine phosphatase, non-g>receptorg> type 11 pseudog>gg>ene

cornichon family AMPA g>receptorg> auxiliary protein 1

Predicted to enable sig>gg>naling>gg> g>receptorg> binding>gg> activity. Predicted to be involved in immune response and sig>gg>nal transduction. Predicted to be located in ER to g>Gg>olg>gg>i transport vesicle membrane; endoplasmic reticulum membrane; and endoplasmic reticulum-g>Gg>olg>gg>i intermediate compartment membrane. [provided by Alliance of g>Gg>enome Resources, Mar 2025]

cornichon family AMPA g>receptorg> auxiliary protein 3

Predicted to enable channel reg>gg>ulator activity and sig>gg>naling>gg> g>receptorg> binding>gg> activity. Involved in reg>gg>ulation of AMPA g>receptorg> activity. Predicted to be located in dendritic shaft and postsynaptic membrane. Predicted to be part of AMPA g>gg>lutamate g>receptorg> complex. Predicted to be active in dendrite and g>gg>lutamaterg>gg>ic synapse. [provided by Alliance of g>Gg>enome Resources, Mar 2025]

cornichon family AMPA g>receptorg> auxiliary protein 2

The protein encoded by this g>gg>ene is an auxiliary subunit of the ionotropic g>gg>lutamate g>receptorg> of the AMPA subtype. AMPA g>receptorg>s mediate fast synaptic neurotransmission in the central nervous system. This protein has been reported to interact with the Type I AMPA g>receptorg> reg>gg>ulatory protein isoform g>gg>amma-8 to control assembly of hippocampal AMPA g>receptorg> complexes, thereby modulating>gg> g>receptorg> g>gg>ating>gg> and pharmacolog>gg>y. Alternative splicing>gg> results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Aug>gg> 2012]

cornichon family AMPA g>receptorg> auxiliary protein 4

Enables CCR5 chemokine g>receptorg> binding>gg> activity. Involved in endoplasmic reticulum to g>Gg>olg>gg>i vesicle-mediated transport. Located in endoplasmic reticulum and endoplasmic reticulum-g>Gg>olg>gg>i intermediate compartment. [provided by Alliance of g>Gg>enome Resources, Mar 2025]

proline-rich g>receptorg>-like protein kinase PERK13

bone morphog>gg>enetic protein g>receptorg>, type IA

The bone morphog>gg>enetic protein (BMP) g>receptorg>s are a family of transmembrane serine/threonine kinases that include the type I g>receptorg>s BMPR1A and BMPR1B and the type II g>receptorg> BMPR2. These g>receptorg>s are also closely related to the activin g>receptorg>s, ACVR1 and ACVR2. The lig>gg>ands of these g>receptorg>s are members of the Tg>Gg>F-beta superfamily. Tg>Gg>F-betas and activins transduce their sig>gg>nals throug>gg>h the formation of heteromeric complexes with 2 different types of serine (threonine) kinase g>receptorg>s: type I g>receptorg>s of about 50-55 kD and type II g>receptorg>s of about 70-80 kD. Type II g>receptorg>s bind lig>gg>ands in the absence of type I g>receptorg>s, but they require their respective type I g>receptorg>s for sig>gg>naling>gg>, whereas type I g>receptorg>s require their respective type II g>receptorg>s for lig>gg>and binding>gg>. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

bone morphog>gg>enetic protein g>receptorg>, type IB

This g>gg>ene encodes a member of the bone morphog>gg>enetic protein (BMP) g>receptorg> family of transmembrane serine/threonine kinases. The lig>gg>ands of this g>receptorg> are BMPs, which are members of the Tg>Gg>F-beta superfamily. BMPs are involved in endochondral bone formation and embryog>gg>enesis. These proteins transduce their sig>gg>nals throug>gg>h the formation of heteromeric complexes of 2 different types of serine (threonine) kinase g>receptorg>s: type I g>receptorg>s of about 50-55 kD and type II g>receptorg>s of about 70-80 kD. Type II g>receptorg>s bind lig>gg>ands in the absence of type I g>receptorg>s, but they require their respective type I g>receptorg>s for sig>gg>naling>gg>, whereas type I g>receptorg>s require their respective type II g>receptorg>s for lig>gg>and binding>gg>. Mutations in this g>gg>ene have been associated with primary pulmonary hypertension. Several transcript variants encoding>gg> two different isoforms have been found for this g>gg>ene. [provided by RefSeq, Feb 2012]

nuclear g>receptorg> binding>gg> SET domain protein 3

This g>gg>ene is related to the Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome candidate-1 g>gg>ene and encodes a protein with PWWP (proline-tryptophan-tryptophan-proline) domains. This protein methylates histone H3 at lysine residues 4 and 27, which represses g>gg>ene transcription. Two alternatively spliced variants have been described. [provided by RefSeq, May 2015]

nuclear g>receptorg> binding>gg> SET domain protein 2

This g>gg>ene encodes a protein that contains four domains present in other developmental proteins: a PWWP domain, an HMg>Gg> box, a SET domain, and a PHD-type zinc fing>gg>er. It is expressed ubiquitously in early development. Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome (WHS) is a malformation syndrome associated with a hemizyg>gg>ous deletion of the distal short arm of chromosome 4. This g>gg>ene maps to the 165 kb WHS critical reg>gg>ion and has also been involved in the chromosomal translocation t(4;14)(p16.3;q32.3) in multiple myelomas. Alternative splicing>gg> of this g>gg>ene results in multiple transcript variants encoding>gg> different isoforms. Some transcript variants are nonsense-mediated mRNA (NMD) decay candidates, hence not represented as reference sequences. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

steroid g>receptorg> associated and reg>gg>ulated protein

Enables nuclear estrog>gg>en g>receptorg> binding>gg> activity. Involved in positive reg>gg>ulation of intracellular estrog>gg>en g>receptorg> sig>gg>naling>gg> pathway. Located in cytoplasm and nucleus. [provided by Alliance of g>Gg>enome Resources, Mar 2025]

dopamine g>receptorg> interacting>gg> protein 1

Predicted to act upstream of or within with a positive effect on NMDA selective g>gg>lutamate g>receptorg> sig>gg>naling>gg> pathway and cAMP-mediated sig>gg>naling>gg>. Predicted to act upstream of or within several processes, including>gg> g>Gg> g>protein-coupledg> dopamine g>receptorg> sig>gg>naling>gg> pathway; memory; and neurog>gg>enesis. [provided by Alliance of g>Gg>enome Resources, Mar 2025]

mouse mammary tumor virus g>receptorg> homolog>gg> 2

integ>gg>rin, alpha 2 (CD49B, alpha 2 subunit of VLA-2 g>receptorg>)

This g>gg>ene encodes the alpha subunit of a transmembrane g>receptorg> for collag>gg>ens and related proteins. The encoded protein forms a heterodimer with a beta subunit and mediates the adhesion of platelets and other cell types to the extracellular matrix. Loss of the encoded protein is associated with bleeding>gg> disorder platelet-type 9. Antibodies ag>gg>ainst this protein are found in several immune disorders, including>gg> neonatal alloimmune thrombocytopenia. This g>gg>ene is located adjacent to a related alpha subunit g>gg>ene. Alternative splicing>gg> results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Aug>gg> 2012]

integ>gg>rin, alpha 3 (antig>gg>en CD49C, alpha 3 subunit of VLA-3 g>receptorg>)

The g>gg>ene encodes a member of the integ>gg>rin alpha chain family of proteins. Integ>gg>rins are heterodimeric integ>gg>ral membrane proteins composed of an alpha chain and a beta chain that function as cell surface adhesion molecules. The encoded preproprotein is proteolytically processed to g>gg>enerate lig>gg>ht and heavy chains that comprise the alpha 3 subunit. This subunit joins with a beta 1 subunit to form an integ>gg>rin that interacts with extracellular matrix proteins including>gg> members of the laminin family. Expression of this g>gg>ene may be correlated with breast cancer metastasis. [provided by RefSeq, Oct 2015]

integ>gg>rin, alpha 4 (antig>gg>en CD49D, alpha 4 subunit of VLA-4 g>receptorg>)

The g>gg>ene encodes a member of the integ>gg>rin alpha chain family of proteins. Integ>gg>rins are heterodimeric integ>gg>ral membrane proteins composed of an alpha chain and a beta chain that function in cell surface adhesion and sig>gg>naling>gg>. The encoded preproprotein is proteolytically processed to g>gg>enerate lig>gg>ht and heavy chains that comprise the alpha 4 subunit. This subunit associates with a beta 1 or beta 7 subunit to form an integ>gg>rin that may play a role in cell motility and mig>gg>ration. This integ>gg>rin is a therapeutic targ>gg>et for the treatment of multiple sclerosis, Crohn's disease and inflammatory bowel disease. Alternative splicing>gg> results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Oct 2015]

integ>gg>rin, alpha 5 (fibronectin g>receptorg>, alpha polypeptide)

The product of this g>gg>ene belong>gg>s to the integ>gg>rin alpha chain family. Integ>gg>rins are heterodimeric integ>gg>ral membrane proteins composed of an alpha subunit and a beta subunit that function in cell surface adhesion and sig>gg>naling>gg>. The encoded preproprotein is proteolytically processed to g>gg>enerate lig>gg>ht and heavy chains that comprise the alpha 5 subunit. This subunit associates with the beta 1 subunit to form a fibronectin g>receptorg>. This integ>gg>rin may promote tumor invasion, and hig>gg>her expression of this g>gg>ene may be correlated with shorter survival time in lung>gg> cancer patients. Note that the integ>gg>rin alpha 5 and integ>gg>rin alpha V subunits are encoded by distinct g>gg>enes. [provided by RefSeq, Oct 2015]

thyrotropin-releasing>gg> hormone g>receptorg>

This g>gg>ene encodes a g>Gg> g>protein-coupledg> g>receptorg> for thyrotropin-releasing>gg> hormone (TRH). Upon binding>gg> to TRH, this g>receptorg> activates the inositol phospholipid-calcium-protein kinase C transduction pathway. Mutations in this g>gg>ene have been associated with g>gg>eneralized thyrotropin-releasing>gg> hormone resistance. [provided by RefSeq, Sep 2011]

integ>gg>rin, alpha X (complement component 3 g>receptorg> 4 subunit)

This g>gg>ene encodes the integ>gg>rin alpha X chain protein. Integ>gg>rins are heterodimeric integ>gg>ral membrane proteins composed of an alpha chain and a beta chain. This protein combines with the beta 2 chain (ITg>Gg>B2) to form a leukocyte-specific integ>gg>rin referred to as inactivated-C3b (iC3b) g>receptorg> 4 (CR4). The alpha X beta 2 complex seems to overlap the properties of the alpha M beta 2 integ>gg>rin in the adherence of neutrophils and monocytes to stimulated endothelium cells, and in the phag>gg>ocytosis of complement coated particles. Two transcript variants encoding>gg> different isoforms have been found for this g>gg>ene. [provided by RefSeq, Nov 2013]

integ>gg>rin, alpha M (complement component 3 g>receptorg> 3 subunit)

This g>gg>ene encodes the integ>gg>rin alpha M chain. Integ>gg>rins are heterodimeric integ>gg>ral membrane proteins composed of an alpha chain and a beta chain. This I-domain containing>gg> alpha integ>gg>rin combines with the beta 2 chain (ITg>Gg>B2) to form a leukocyte-specific integ>gg>rin referred to as macrophag>gg>e g>receptorg> 1 ('Mac-1'), or inactivated-C3b (iC3b) g>receptorg> 3 ('CR3'). The alpha M beta 2 integ>gg>rin is important in the adherence of neutrophils and monocytes to stimulated endothelium, and also in the phag>gg>ocytosis of complement coated particles. Multiple transcript variants encoding>gg> different isoforms have been found for this g>gg>ene. [provided by RefSeq, Mar 2009]

insulin-like g>gg>rowth factor 2 g>receptorg>

This g>gg>ene encodes a g>receptorg> for both insulin-like g>gg>rowth factor 2 and mannose 6-phosphate. The binding>gg> sites for each lig>gg>and are located on different seg>gg>ments of the protein. This g>receptorg> has various functions, including>gg> in the intracellular trafficking>gg> of lysosomal enzymes, the activation of transforming>gg> g>gg>rowth factor beta, and the deg>gg>radation of insulin-like g>gg>rowth factor 2. Mutation or loss of heterozyg>gg>osity of this g>gg>ene has been association with risk of hepatocellular carcinoma. The ortholog>gg>ous mouse g>gg>ene is imprinted and shows exclusive expression from the maternal allele; however, imprinting>gg> of the human g>gg>ene may be polymorphic, as only a minority of individuals showed biased expression from the maternal allele (PMID:8267611). [provided by RefSeq, Nov 2015]

olfactory g>receptorg>, family 4, subfamily A, member 44 pseudog>gg>ene

Olfactory g>receptorg>s interact with odorant molecules in the nose, to initiate a neuronal response that trig>gg>g>gg>ers the perception of a smell. The olfactory g>receptorg> proteins are members of a larg>gg>e family of g>Gg>-g>protein-coupledg> g>receptorg>s (g>Gg>PCR) arising>gg> from sing>gg>le coding>gg>-exon g>gg>enes. Olfactory g>receptorg>s share a 7-transmembrane domain structure with many neurotransmitter and hormone g>receptorg>s and are responsible for the recog>gg>nition and g>Gg> protein-mediated transduction of odorant sig>gg>nals. The olfactory g>receptorg> g>gg>ene family is the larg>gg>est in the g>gg>enome. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

olfactory g>receptorg>, family 6, subfamily C, member 3 pseudog>gg>ene

olfactory g>receptorg>, family 6, subfamily C, member 1 pseudog>gg>ene

olfactory g>receptorg>, family 9, subfamily K, member 2 pseudog>gg>ene

olfactory g>receptorg>, family 6, subfamily C, member 2 pseudog>gg>ene

olfactory g>receptorg>, family 6, subfamily Y, member 1 pseudog>gg>ene

olfactory g>receptorg>, family 2, subfamily K, member 2

Olfactory g>receptorg>s interact with odorant molecules in the nose, to initiate a neuronal response that trig>gg>g>gg>ers the perception of a smell. The olfactory g>receptorg> proteins are members of a larg>gg>e family of g>Gg>-g>protein-coupledg> g>receptorg>s (g>Gg>PCR) arising>gg> from sing>gg>le coding>gg>-exon g>gg>enes. Olfactory g>receptorg>s share a 7-transmembrane domain structure with many neurotransmitter and hormone g>receptorg>s and are responsible for the recog>gg>nition and g>Gg> protein-mediated transduction of odorant sig>gg>nals. The olfactory g>receptorg> g>gg>ene family is the larg>gg>est in the g>gg>enome. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

olfactory g>receptorg>, family 4, subfamily F, member 14 pseudog>gg>ene

Olfactory g>receptorg>s interact with odorant molecules in the nose, to initiate a neuronal response that trig>gg>g>gg>ers the perception of a smell. The olfactory g>receptorg> proteins are members of a larg>gg>e family of g>Gg>-g>protein-coupledg> g>receptorg>s (g>Gg>PCR) arising>gg> from sing>gg>le coding>gg>-exon g>gg>enes. Olfactory g>receptorg>s share a 7-transmembrane domain structure with many neurotransmitter and hormone g>receptorg>s and are responsible for the recog>gg>nition and g>Gg> protein-mediated transduction of odorant sig>gg>nals. The olfactory g>receptorg> g>gg>ene family is the larg>gg>est in the g>gg>enome. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

nuclear g>receptorg> subfamily 1, g>gg>roup D, member 1

This g>gg>ene encodes a transcription factor that is a member of the nuclear g>receptorg> subfamily 1. The encoded protein is a lig>gg>and-sensitive transcription factor that neg>gg>atively reg>gg>ulates the expression of core clock proteins. In particular this protein represses the circadian clock transcription factor aryl hydrocarbon g>receptorg> nuclear translocator-like protein 1 (ARNTL). This protein may also be involved in reg>gg>ulating>gg> g>gg>enes that function in metabolic, inflammatory and cardiovascular processes. [provided by RefSeq, Jan 2013]

nuclear g>receptorg> subfamily 1, g>gg>roup D, member 2

This g>gg>ene encodes a member of the nuclear hormone g>receptorg> family, specifically the NR1 subfamily of g>receptorg>s. The encoded protein functions as a transcriptional repressor and may play a role in circadian rhythms and carbohydrate and lipid metabolism. Alternatively spliced transcript variants have been described. [provided by RefSeq, Feb 2009]

opioid g>gg>rowth factor g>receptorg>

The protein encoded by this g>gg>ene is a g>receptorg> for opioid g>gg>rowth factor (Og>Gg>F), also known as [Met(5)]-enkephalin. Og>Gg>F is a neg>gg>ative reg>gg>ulator of cell proliferation and tissue org>gg>anization in a variety of processes. The encoded unbound g>receptorg> for Og>Gg>F has been localized to the outer nuclear envelope, where it binds Og>Gg>F and is translocated into the nucleus. The coding>gg> sequence of this g>gg>ene contains a polymorphic reg>gg>ion of 60 nt tandem imperfect repeat units. Several transcripts containing>gg> between zero and eig>gg>ht repeat units have been reported. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

vomeronasal 2 g>receptorg> 10 pseudog>gg>ene

lysophosphatidic acid g>receptorg> 1

The integ>gg>ral membrane protein encoded by this g>gg>ene is a lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) g>receptorg> from a g>gg>roup known as EDg>Gg> g>receptorg>s. These g>receptorg>s are members of the g>Gg> g>protein-coupledg> g>receptorg> superfamily. Utilized by LPA for cell sig>gg>naling>gg>, EDg>Gg> g>receptorg>s mediate diverse biolog>gg>ic functions, including>gg> proliferation, platelet ag>gg>g>gg>reg>gg>ation, smooth muscle contraction, inhibition of neuroblastoma cell differentiation, chemotaxis, and tumor cell invasion. Many transcript variants encoding>gg> a few different isoforms have been identified for this g>gg>ene. [provided by RefSeq, Oct 2020]

olfactory g>receptorg>, family 52, subfamily N, member 4 (g>gg>ene/pseudog>gg>ene)

Olfactory g>receptorg>s interact with odorant molecules in the nose, to initiate a neuronal response that trig>gg>g>gg>ers the perception of a smell. The olfactory g>receptorg> proteins are members of a larg>gg>e family of g>Gg>-g>protein-coupledg> g>receptorg>s (g>Gg>PCR) arising>gg> from sing>gg>le coding>gg>-exon g>gg>enes. Olfactory g>receptorg>s share a 7-transmembrane domain structure with many neurotransmitter and hormone g>receptorg>s and are responsible for the recog>gg>nition and g>Gg> protein-mediated transduction of odorant sig>gg>nals. The olfactory g>receptorg> g>gg>ene family is the larg>gg>est in the g>gg>enome. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

olfactory g>receptorg>, family 52, subfamily N, member 5

Olfactory g>receptorg>s interact with odorant molecules in the nose, to initiate a neuronal response that trig>gg>g>gg>ers the perception of a smell. The olfactory g>receptorg> proteins are members of a larg>gg>e family of g>Gg>-g>protein-coupledg> g>receptorg>s (g>Gg>PCR) arising>gg> from sing>gg>le coding>gg>-exon g>gg>enes. Olfactory g>receptorg>s share a 7-transmembrane domain structure with many neurotransmitter and hormone g>receptorg>s and are responsible for the recog>gg>nition and g>Gg> protein-mediated transduction of odorant sig>gg>nals. The olfactory g>receptorg> g>gg>ene family is the larg>gg>est in the g>gg>enome. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

olfactory g>receptorg>, family 52, subfamily N, member 2

Olfactory g>receptorg>s interact with odorant molecules in the nose, to initiate a neuronal response that trig>gg>g>gg>ers the perception of a smell. The olfactory g>receptorg> proteins are members of a larg>gg>e family of g>Gg>-g>protein-coupledg> g>receptorg>s (g>Gg>PCR) arising>gg> from sing>gg>le coding>gg>-exon g>gg>enes. Olfactory g>receptorg>s share a 7-transmembrane domain structure with many neurotransmitter and hormone g>receptorg>s and are responsible for the recog>gg>nition and g>Gg> protein-mediated transduction of odorant sig>gg>nals. The olfactory g>receptorg> g>gg>ene family is the larg>gg>est in the g>gg>enome. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

olfactory g>receptorg>, family 52, subfamily N, member 1

Olfactory g>receptorg>s interact with odorant molecules in the nose, to initiate a neuronal response that trig>gg>g>gg>ers the perception of a smell. The olfactory g>receptorg> proteins are members of a larg>gg>e family of g>Gg>-g>protein-coupledg> g>receptorg>s (g>Gg>PCR) arising>gg> from sing>gg>le coding>gg>-exon g>gg>enes. Olfactory g>receptorg>s share a 7-transmembrane domain structure with many neurotransmitter and hormone g>receptorg>s and are responsible for the recog>gg>nition and g>Gg> protein-mediated transduction of odorant sig>gg>nals. The olfactory g>receptorg> g>gg>ene family is the larg>gg>est in the g>gg>enome. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

olfactory g>receptorg>, family 5, subfamily R, member 1 (g>gg>ene/pseudog>gg>ene)

Olfactory g>receptorg>s interact with odorant molecules in the nose, to initiate a neuronal response that trig>gg>g>gg>ers the perception of a smell. The olfactory g>receptorg> proteins are members of a larg>gg>e family of g>Gg>-g>protein-coupledg> g>receptorg>s (g>Gg>PCR) arising>gg> from sing>gg>le coding>gg>-exon g>gg>enes. Olfactory g>receptorg>s share a 7-transmembrane domain structure with many neurotransmitter and hormone g>receptorg>s and are responsible for the recog>gg>nition and g>Gg> protein-mediated transduction of odorant sig>gg>nals. The olfactory g>receptorg> g>gg>ene family is the larg>gg>est in the g>gg>enome. This olfactory g>receptorg> g>gg>ene is a seg>gg>reg>gg>ating>gg> pseudog>gg>ene, where some individuals have an allele that encodes a functional olfactory g>receptorg>, while other individuals have an allele encoding>gg> a protein that is predicted to be non-functional. [provided by RefSeq, Jun 2015]

Ig>Gg>F-like family g>receptorg> 1 pseudog>gg>ene

aryl hydrocarbon g>receptorg> pseudog>gg>ene

olfactory g>receptorg>, family 1, subfamily S, member 1 (g>gg>ene/pseudog>gg>ene)

Olfactory g>receptorg>s interact with odorant molecules in the nose, to initiate a neuronal response that trig>gg>g>gg>ers the perception of a smell. The olfactory g>receptorg> proteins are members of a larg>gg>e family of g>Gg>-g>protein-coupledg> g>receptorg>s (g>Gg>PCR) arising>gg> from sing>gg>le coding>gg>-exon g>gg>enes. Olfactory g>receptorg>s share a 7-transmembrane domain structure with many neurotransmitter and hormone g>receptorg>s and are responsible for the recog>gg>nition and g>Gg> protein-mediated transduction of odorant sig>gg>nals. The olfactory g>receptorg> g>gg>ene family is the larg>gg>est in the g>gg>enome. This olfactory g>receptorg> g>gg>ene is a seg>gg>reg>gg>ating>gg> pseudog>gg>ene, where some individuals have an allele that encodes a functional olfactory g>receptorg>, while other individuals have an allele encoding>gg> a protein that is predicted to be non-functional. [provided by RefSeq, Jun 2015]

olfactory g>receptorg>, family 1, subfamily S, member 2

Olfactory g>receptorg>s interact with odorant molecules in the nose, to initiate a neuronal response that trig>gg>g>gg>ers the perception of a smell. The olfactory g>receptorg> proteins are members of a larg>gg>e family of g>Gg>-g>protein-coupledg> g>receptorg>s (g>Gg>PCR) arising>gg> from sing>gg>le coding>gg>-exon g>gg>enes. Olfactory g>receptorg>s share a 7-transmembrane domain structure with many neurotransmitter and hormone g>receptorg>s and are responsible for the recog>gg>nition and g>Gg> protein-mediated transduction of odorant sig>gg>nals. The olfactory g>receptorg> g>gg>ene family is the larg>gg>est in the g>gg>enome. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

Fc frag>gg>ment of Ig>gg>E, hig>gg>h affinity I, g>receptorg> for; g>gg>amma polypeptide

The hig>gg>h affinity Ig>gg>E g>receptorg> is a key molecule involved in allerg>gg>ic reactions. It is a tetramer composed of 1 alpha, 1 beta, and 2 g>gg>amma chains. The g>gg>amma chains are also subunits of other Fc g>receptorg>s. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

Fc frag>gg>ment of Ig>gg>E, hig>gg>h affinity I, g>receptorg> for; alpha polypeptide

The immunog>gg>lobulin epsilon g>receptorg> (Ig>gg>E g>receptorg>) is the initiator of the allerg>gg>ic response. When two or more hig>gg>h-affinity Ig>gg>E g>receptorg>s are broug>gg>ht tog>gg>ether by allerg>gg>en-bound Ig>gg>E molecules, mediators such as histamine that are responsible for allerg>gg>y symptoms are released. This g>receptorg> is comprised of an alpha subunit, a beta subunit, and two g>gg>amma subunits. The protein encoded by this g>gg>ene represents the alpha subunit. [provided by RefSeq, Aug>gg> 2011]

olfactory g>receptorg>, family 52, subfamily H, member 1 pseudog>gg>ene

olfactory g>receptorg>, family 56, subfamily A, member 1 pseudog>gg>ene

olfactory g>receptorg>, family 51, subfamily B, member 2 pseudog>gg>ene

T cell g>receptorg> alpha variable 23/delta variable 6

T cell g>receptorg>s recog>gg>nize foreig>gg>n antig>gg>ens which have been processed as small peptides and bound to major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules at the surface of antig>gg>en presenting>gg> cells (APC). Each T cell g>receptorg> is a dimer consisting>gg> of one alpha and one beta chain or one delta and one g>gg>amma chain. In a sing>gg>le cell, the T cell g>receptorg> loci are rearrang>gg>ed and expressed in the order delta, g>gg>amma, beta, and alpha. If both delta and g>gg>amma rearrang>gg>ements produce functional chains, the cell expresses delta and g>gg>amma. If not, the cell proceeds to rearrang>gg>e the beta and alpha loci. This reg>gg>ion represents the g>gg>ermline org>gg>anization of the T cell g>receptorg> alpha and delta loci. Both the alpha and delta loci include V (variable), J (joining>gg>), and C (constant) seg>gg>ments and the delta locus also includes diversity (D) seg>gg>ments. The delta locus is situated within the alpha locus, between the alpha V and J seg>gg>ments. During>gg> T cell development, the delta chain is synthesized by a recombination event at the DNA level joining>gg> a D seg>gg>ment with a J seg>gg>ment; a V seg>gg>ment is then joined to the D-J g>gg>ene. The alpha chain is synthesized by recombination joining>gg> a sing>gg>le V seg>gg>ment with a J seg>gg>ment. For both chains, the C seg>gg>ment is later joined by splicing>gg> at the RNA level. Recombination of many different V seg>gg>ments with several J seg>gg>ments provides a wide rang>gg>e of antig>gg>en recog>gg>nition. Additional diversity is attained by junctional diversity, resulting>gg> from the random additional of nucleotides by terminal deoxynucleotidyltransferase. Five variable seg>gg>ments can be used in either alpha or delta chains and are described by TRAV/DV symbols. Several V and J seg>gg>ments of the alpha locus are known to be incapable of encoding>gg> a protein and are considered pseudog>gg>enes. [provided by RefSeq, Aug>gg> 2016]

olfactory g>receptorg>, family 4, subfamily D, member 12 pseudog>gg>ene

Olfactory g>receptorg>s interact with odorant molecules in the nose, to initiate a neuronal response that trig>gg>g>gg>ers the perception of a smell. The olfactory g>receptorg> proteins are members of a larg>gg>e family of g>Gg>-g>protein-coupledg> g>receptorg>s (g>Gg>PCR) arising>gg> from sing>gg>le coding>gg>-exon g>gg>enes. Olfactory g>receptorg>s share a 7-transmembrane domain structure with many neurotransmitter and hormone g>receptorg>s and are responsible for the recog>gg>nition and g>Gg> protein-mediated transduction of odorant sig>gg>nals. The olfactory g>receptorg> g>gg>ene family is the larg>gg>est in the g>gg>enome. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

vomeronasal 1 g>receptorg> 20 pseudog>gg>ene

lig>gg>and dependent nuclear g>receptorg> interacting>gg> factor 1

Predicted to enable nuclear retinoic acid g>receptorg> binding>gg> activity. Involved in dosag>gg>e compensation by inactivation of X chromosome. Located in centriolar satellite; chromosome, telomeric reg>gg>ion; and nuclear lumen. Implicated in facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy 3. [provided by Alliance of g>Gg>enome Resources, Mar 2025]

vomeronasal 1 g>receptorg> 94 pseudog>gg>ene

macrophag>gg>e g>receptorg> with collag>gg>enous structure

The protein encoded by this g>gg>ene is a member of the class A scaveng>gg>er g>receptorg> family and is part of the innate antimicrobial immune system. The protein may bind both g>Gg>ram-neg>gg>ative and g>Gg>ram-positive bacteria via an extracellular, C-terminal, scaveng>gg>er g>receptorg> cysteine-rich (SRCR) domain. In addition to short cytoplasmic and transmembrane domains, there is an extracellular spacer domain and a long>gg>, extracellular collag>gg>enous domain. The protein may form a trimeric molecule by the association of the collag>gg>enous domains of three identical polypeptide chains. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

olfactory g>receptorg>, family 7, subfamily E, member 96 pseudog>gg>ene

Olfactory g>receptorg>s interact with odorant molecules in the nose, to initiate a neuronal response that trig>gg>g>gg>ers the perception of a smell. The olfactory g>receptorg> proteins are members of a larg>gg>e family of g>Gg>-g>protein-coupledg> g>receptorg>s (g>Gg>PCR) arising>gg> from sing>gg>le coding>gg>-exon g>gg>enes. Olfactory g>receptorg>s share a 7-transmembrane domain structure with many neurotransmitter and hormone g>receptorg>s and are responsible for the recog>gg>nition and g>Gg> protein-mediated transduction of odorant sig>gg>nals. The olfactory g>receptorg> g>gg>ene family is the larg>gg>est in the g>gg>enome. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

neuropeptide Y g>receptorg> Y2

Predicted to enable calcium channel reg>gg>ulator activity and neuropeptide Y g>receptorg> activity. Involved in cardiac left ventricle morphog>gg>enesis and outflow tract morphog>gg>enesis. Located in cilium. Implicated in Hunting>gg>ton's disease; morbid obesity; and obesity. Biomarker of peripheral artery disease and temporal lobe epilepsy. [provided by Alliance of g>Gg>enome Resources, Mar 2025]

T cell g>receptorg> beta joining>gg> 2-4

Predicted to be involved in adaptive immune response. Predicted to be located in plasma membrane. Predicted to be part of T cell g>receptorg> complex. [provided by Alliance of g>Gg>enome Resources, Mar 2025]

T cell g>receptorg> beta joining>gg> 2-5

Predicted to be involved in adaptive immune response. Predicted to be located in plasma membrane. Predicted to be part of T cell g>receptorg> complex. [provided by Alliance of g>Gg>enome Resources, Mar 2025]

T cell g>receptorg> beta joining>gg> 2-6

Predicted to be involved in adaptive immune response. Predicted to be located in plasma membrane. Predicted to be part of T cell g>receptorg> complex. [provided by Alliance of g>Gg>enome Resources, Mar 2025]

T cell g>receptorg> beta joining>gg> 2-7

Predicted to be involved in adaptive immune response. Predicted to be located in plasma membrane. Predicted to be part of T cell g>receptorg> complex. [provided by Alliance of g>Gg>enome Resources, Mar 2025]

T cell g>receptorg> beta joining>gg> 2-1

Predicted to be involved in adaptive immune response. Predicted to be located in plasma membrane. Predicted to be part of T cell g>receptorg> complex. [provided by Alliance of g>Gg>enome Resources, Mar 2025]

T cell g>receptorg> beta joining>gg> 2-2

Predicted to be involved in adaptive immune response. Predicted to be located in plasma membrane. Predicted to be part of T cell g>receptorg> complex. [provided by Alliance of g>Gg>enome Resources, Mar 2025]

T cell g>receptorg> beta joining>gg> 2-3

Predicted to be involved in adaptive immune response. Predicted to be located in plasma membrane. Predicted to be part of T cell g>receptorg> complex. [provided by Alliance of g>Gg>enome Resources, Mar 2025]

olfactory g>receptorg>, family 4, subfamily P, member 1 pseudog>gg>ene

Olfactory g>receptorg>s interact with odorant molecules in the nose, to initiate a neuronal response that trig>gg>g>gg>ers the perception of a smell. The olfactory g>receptorg> proteins are members of a larg>gg>e family of g>Gg>-g>protein-coupledg> g>receptorg>s (g>Gg>PCR) arising>gg> from sing>gg>le coding>gg>-exon g>gg>enes. Olfactory g>receptorg>s share a 7-transmembrane domain structure with many neurotransmitter and hormone g>receptorg>s and are responsible for the recog>gg>nition and g>Gg> protein-mediated transduction of odorant sig>gg>nals. The olfactory g>receptorg> g>gg>ene family is the larg>gg>est in the g>gg>enome. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

olfactory g>receptorg> 4F6-like

olfactory g>receptorg>, family 4, subfamily C, member 14 pseudog>gg>ene

Olfactory g>receptorg>s interact with odorant molecules in the nose, to initiate a neuronal response that trig>gg>g>gg>ers the perception of a smell. The olfactory g>receptorg> proteins are members of a larg>gg>e family of g>Gg>-g>protein-coupledg> g>receptorg>s (g>Gg>PCR) arising>gg> from sing>gg>le coding>gg>-exon g>gg>enes. Olfactory g>receptorg>s share a 7-transmembrane domain structure with many neurotransmitter and hormone g>receptorg>s and are responsible for the recog>gg>nition and g>Gg> protein-mediated transduction of odorant sig>gg>nals. The olfactory g>receptorg> g>gg>ene family is the larg>gg>est in the g>gg>enome. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

olfactory g>receptorg>, family 7, subfamily E, member 157 pseudog>gg>ene

Olfactory g>receptorg>s interact with odorant molecules in the nose, to initiate a neuronal response that trig>gg>g>gg>ers the perception of a smell. The olfactory g>receptorg> proteins are members of a larg>gg>e family of g>Gg>-g>protein-coupledg> g>receptorg>s (g>Gg>PCR) arising>gg> from sing>gg>le coding>gg>-exon g>gg>enes. Olfactory g>receptorg>s share a 7-transmembrane domain structure with many neurotransmitter and hormone g>receptorg>s and are responsible for the recog>gg>nition and g>Gg> protein-mediated transduction of odorant sig>gg>nals. The olfactory g>receptorg> g>gg>ene family is the larg>gg>est in the g>gg>enome. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

olfactory g>receptorg>, family 6, subfamily V, member 1

Olfactory g>receptorg>s interact with odorant molecules in the nose, to initiate a neuronal response that trig>gg>g>gg>ers the perception of a smell. The olfactory g>receptorg> proteins are members of a larg>gg>e family of g>Gg>-g>protein-coupledg> g>receptorg>s (g>Gg>PCR) arising>gg> from sing>gg>le coding>gg>-exon g>gg>enes. Olfactory g>receptorg>s share a 7-transmembrane domain structure with many neurotransmitter and hormone g>receptorg>s and are responsible for the recog>gg>nition and g>Gg> protein-mediated transduction of odorant sig>gg>nals. The olfactory g>receptorg> g>gg>ene family is the larg>gg>est in the g>gg>enome. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

vomeronasal 1 g>receptorg> 106 pseudog>gg>ene

cannabinoid g>receptorg> 1 (brain)

This g>gg>ene encodes one of two cannabinoid g>receptorg>s. The cannabinoids, principally delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol and synthetic analog>gg>s, are psychoactive ing>gg>redients of marijuana. The cannabinoid g>receptorg>s are members of the g>gg>uanine-nucleotide-binding>gg> protein (g>Gg>-protein) coupled g>receptorg> family, which inhibit adenylate cyclase activity in a dose-dependent, stereoselective and pertussis toxin-sensitive manner. The two g>receptorg>s have been found to be involved in the cannabinoid-induced CNS effects (including>gg> alterations in mood and cog>gg>nition) experienced by users of marijuana. Multiple transcript variants encoding>gg> two different protein isoforms have been described for this g>gg>ene. [provided by RefSeq, May 2009]

cannabinoid g>receptorg> 2 (macrophag>gg>e)

The cannabinoid delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol is the principal psychoactive ing>gg>redient of marijuana. The proteins encoded by this g>gg>ene and the cannabinoid g>receptorg> 1 (brain) (CNR1) g>gg>ene have the characteristics of a g>gg>uanine nucleotide-binding>gg> protein (g>Gg>-protein)-coupled g>receptorg> for cannabinoids. They inhibit adenylate cyclase activity in a dose-dependent, stereoselective, and pertussis toxin-sensitive manner. These proteins have been found to be involved in the cannabinoid-induced CNS effects (including>gg> alterations in mood and cog>gg>nition) experienced by users of marijuana. The cannabinoid g>receptorg>s are members of family 1 of the g>Gg>-g>protein-coupledg> g>receptorg>s. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

olfactory g>receptorg>, family 2, subfamily A, member 15 pseudog>gg>ene

Olfactory g>receptorg>s interact with odorant molecules in the nose, to initiate a neuronal response that trig>gg>g>gg>ers the perception of a smell. The olfactory g>receptorg> proteins are members of a larg>gg>e family of g>Gg>-g>protein-coupledg> g>receptorg>s (g>Gg>PCR) arising>gg> from sing>gg>le coding>gg>-exon g>gg>enes. Olfactory g>receptorg>s share a 7-transmembrane domain structure with many neurotransmitter and hormone g>receptorg>s and are responsible for the recog>gg>nition and g>Gg> protein-mediated transduction of odorant sig>gg>nals. The olfactory g>receptorg> g>gg>ene family is the larg>gg>est in the g>gg>enome. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

T cell g>receptorg> beta variable 20-1

Predicted to be involved in cell surface g>receptorg> sig>gg>naling>gg> pathway. Predicted to be part of T cell g>receptorg> complex. Predicted to be active in plasma membrane. [provided by Alliance of g>Gg>enome Resources, Mar 2025]

olfactory g>receptorg>, family 6, subfamily C, member 2 pseudog>gg>ene

olfactory g>receptorg>, family 2, subfamily T, member 34

Olfactory g>receptorg>s interact with odorant molecules in the nose, to initiate a neuronal response that trig>gg>g>gg>ers the perception of a smell. The olfactory g>receptorg> proteins are members of a larg>gg>e family of g>Gg>-g>protein-coupledg> g>receptorg>s (g>Gg>PCR) arising>gg> from sing>gg>le coding>gg>-exon g>gg>enes. Olfactory g>receptorg>s share a 7-transmembrane domain structure with many neurotransmitter and hormone g>receptorg>s and are responsible for the recog>gg>nition and g>Gg> protein-mediated transduction of odorant sig>gg>nals. The olfactory g>receptorg> g>gg>ene family is the larg>gg>est in the g>gg>enome. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

olfactory g>receptorg>, family 2, subfamily T, member 35

Olfactory g>receptorg>s interact with odorant molecules in the nose, to initiate a neuronal response that trig>gg>g>gg>ers the perception of a smell. The olfactory g>receptorg> proteins are members of a larg>gg>e family of g>Gg>-g>protein-coupledg> g>receptorg>s (g>Gg>PCR) arising>gg> from sing>gg>le coding>gg>-exon g>gg>enes. Olfactory g>receptorg>s share a 7-transmembrane domain structure with many neurotransmitter and hormone g>receptorg>s and are responsible for the recog>gg>nition and g>Gg> protein-mediated transduction of odorant sig>gg>nals. The olfactory g>receptorg> g>gg>ene family is the larg>gg>est in the g>gg>enome. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

olfactory g>receptorg>, family 2, subfamily T, member 33

Olfactory g>receptorg>s interact with odorant molecules in the nose, to initiate a neuronal response that trig>gg>g>gg>ers the perception of a smell. The olfactory g>receptorg> proteins are members of a larg>gg>e family of g>Gg>-g>protein-coupledg> g>receptorg>s (g>Gg>PCR) arising>gg> from sing>gg>le coding>gg>-exon g>gg>enes. Olfactory g>receptorg>s share a 7-transmembrane domain structure with many neurotransmitter and hormone g>receptorg>s and are responsible for the recog>gg>nition and g>Gg> protein-mediated transduction of odorant sig>gg>nals. The olfactory g>receptorg> g>gg>ene family is the larg>gg>est in the g>gg>enome. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

vomeronasal 1 g>receptorg> 38 pseudog>gg>ene

olfactory g>receptorg>, family 5, subfamily P, member 1 pseudog>gg>ene

Olfactory g>receptorg>s interact with odorant molecules in the nose, to initiate a neuronal response that trig>gg>g>gg>ers the perception of a smell. The olfactory g>receptorg> proteins are members of a larg>gg>e family of g>Gg>-g>protein-coupledg> g>receptorg>s (g>Gg>PCR) arising>gg> from sing>gg>le coding>gg>-exon g>gg>enes. Olfactory g>receptorg>s share a 7-transmembrane domain structure with many neurotransmitter and hormone g>receptorg>s and are responsible for the recog>gg>nition and g>Gg> protein-mediated transduction of odorant sig>gg>nals. The olfactory g>receptorg> g>gg>ene family is the larg>gg>est in the g>gg>enome. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

5-hydroxytryptamine (serotonin) g>receptorg> 3, family member E pseudog>gg>ene

olfactory g>receptorg>, family 4, subfamily A, member 47

Olfactory g>receptorg>s interact with odorant molecules in the nose, to initiate a neuronal response that trig>gg>g>gg>ers the perception of a smell. The olfactory g>receptorg> proteins are members of a larg>gg>e family of g>Gg>-g>protein-coupledg> g>receptorg>s (g>Gg>PCR) arising>gg> from sing>gg>le coding>gg>-exon g>gg>enes. Olfactory g>receptorg>s share a 7-transmembrane domain structure with many neurotransmitter and hormone g>receptorg>s and are responsible for the recog>gg>nition and g>Gg> protein-mediated transduction of odorant sig>gg>nals. The olfactory g>receptorg> g>gg>ene family is the larg>gg>est in the g>gg>enome. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

g>gg>amma-aminobutyric acid (g>Gg>ABA) B g>receptorg>, 1

This g>gg>ene encodes a g>receptorg> for g>gg>amma-aminobutyric acid (g>Gg>ABA), which is the main inhibitory neurotransmitter in the mammalian central nervous system. This g>receptorg> functions as a heterodimer with g>Gg>ABA(B) g>receptorg> 2. Defects in this g>gg>ene may underlie brain disorders such as schizophrenia and epilepsy. Alternative splicing>gg> g>gg>enerates multiple transcript variants, but the full-leng>gg>th nature of some of these variants has not been determined. [provided by RefSeq, Jan 2016]

olfactory g>receptorg>, family 2, subfamily AS, member 2 pseudog>gg>ene

Olfactory g>receptorg>s interact with odorant molecules in the nose, to initiate a neuronal response that trig>gg>g>gg>ers the perception of a smell. The olfactory g>receptorg> proteins are members of a larg>gg>e family of g>Gg>-g>protein-coupledg> g>receptorg>s (g>Gg>PCR) arising>gg> from sing>gg>le coding>gg>-exon g>gg>enes. Olfactory g>receptorg>s share a 7-transmembrane domain structure with many neurotransmitter and hormone g>receptorg>s and are responsible for the recog>gg>nition and g>Gg> protein-mediated transduction of odorant sig>gg>nals. The olfactory g>receptorg> g>gg>ene family is the larg>gg>est in the g>gg>enome. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

aryl-hydrocarbon g>receptorg> repressor

The protein encoded by this g>gg>ene participates in the aryl hydrocarbon g>receptorg> (AhR) sig>gg>naling>gg> cascade, which mediates dioxin toxicity, and is involved in reg>gg>ulation of cell g>gg>rowth and differentiation. It functions as a feedback modulator by repressing>gg> AhR-dependent g>gg>ene expression. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding>gg> different isoforms have been described for this g>gg>ene. [provided by RefSeq, Jun 2011]

leukocyte immunog>gg>lobulin-like g>receptorg> subfamily B member 3

vomeronasal 1 g>receptorg> 65 pseudog>gg>ene

olfactory g>receptorg>, family 2, subfamily J, member 3 pseudog>gg>ene

olfactory g>receptorg>, family 2, subfamily W, member 1 pseudog>gg>ene

olfactory g>receptorg>, family 8, subfamily J, member 2 (g>gg>ene/pseudog>gg>ene)

Olfactory g>receptorg>s interact with odorant molecules in the nose, to initiate a neuronal response that trig>gg>g>gg>ers the perception of a smell. The olfactory g>receptorg> proteins are members of a larg>gg>e family of g>Gg>-g>protein-coupledg> g>receptorg>s (g>Gg>PCR) arising>gg> from sing>gg>le coding>gg>-exon g>gg>enes. Olfactory g>receptorg>s share a 7-transmembrane domain structure with many neurotransmitter and hormone g>receptorg>s and are responsible for the recog>gg>nition and g>Gg> protein-mediated transduction of odorant sig>gg>nals. The olfactory g>receptorg> g>gg>ene family is the larg>gg>est in the g>gg>enome. This olfactory g>receptorg> g>gg>ene is a seg>gg>reg>gg>ating>gg> pseudog>gg>ene, where some individuals have an allele that encodes a functional olfactory g>receptorg>, while other individuals have an allele encoding>gg> a protein that is predicted to be non-functional. [provided by RefSeq, Jan 2017]

olfactory g>receptorg>, family 8, subfamily J, member 3

Predicted to enable odorant binding>gg> activity and olfactory g>receptorg> activity. Predicted to be involved in g>Gg> g>protein-coupledg> g>receptorg> sig>gg>naling>gg> pathway and sensory perception of smell. Predicted to be located in plasma membrane. [provided by Alliance of g>Gg>enome Resources, Mar 2025]

olfactory g>receptorg>, family 2, subfamily g>Gg>, member 6 pseudog>gg>ene

olfactory g>receptorg>, family 8, subfamily J, member 1

Olfactory g>receptorg>s interact with odorant molecules in the nose, to initiate a neuronal response that trig>gg>g>gg>ers the perception of a smell. The olfactory g>receptorg> proteins are members of a larg>gg>e family of g>Gg>-g>protein-coupledg> g>receptorg>s (g>Gg>PCR) arising>gg> from sing>gg>le coding>gg>-exon g>gg>enes. Olfactory g>receptorg>s share a 7-transmembrane domain structure with many neurotransmitter and hormone g>receptorg>s and are responsible for the recog>gg>nition and g>Gg> protein-mediated transduction of odorant sig>gg>nals. The olfactory g>receptorg> g>gg>ene family is the larg>gg>est in the g>gg>enome. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

olfactory g>receptorg>, family 2, subfamily J, member 3 pseudog>gg>ene

olfactory g>receptorg>, family 2, subfamily B, member 6 pseudog>gg>ene

olfactory g>receptorg>, family 2, subfamily Y, member 1 pseudog>gg>ene

olfactory g>receptorg>, family 2, subfamily B, member 2 pseudog>gg>ene

olfactory g>receptorg>, family 2, subfamily C, member 3

Olfactory g>receptorg>s interact with odorant molecules in the nose, to initiate a neuronal response that trig>gg>g>gg>ers the perception of a smell. The olfactory g>receptorg> proteins are members of a larg>gg>e family of g>Gg>-g>protein-coupledg> g>receptorg>s (g>Gg>PCR) arising>gg> from sing>gg>le coding>gg>-exon g>gg>enes. Olfactory g>receptorg>s share a 7-transmembrane domain structure with many neurotransmitter and hormone g>receptorg>s and are responsible for the recog>gg>nition and g>Gg> protein-mediated transduction of odorant sig>gg>nals. The olfactory g>receptorg> g>gg>ene family is the larg>gg>est in the g>gg>enome. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

olfactory g>receptorg>, family 2, subfamily C, member 1

Olfactory g>receptorg>s interact with odorant molecules in the nose, to initiate a neuronal response that trig>gg>g>gg>ers the perception of a smell. The olfactory g>receptorg> proteins are members of a larg>gg>e family of g>Gg>-g>protein-coupledg> g>receptorg>s (g>Gg>PCR) arising>gg> from sing>gg>le coding>gg>-exon g>gg>enes. Olfactory g>receptorg>s share a 7-transmembrane domain structure with many neurotransmitter and hormone g>receptorg>s and are responsible for the recog>gg>nition and g>Gg> protein-mediated transduction of odorant sig>gg>nals. The olfactory g>receptorg> g>gg>ene family is the larg>gg>est in the g>gg>enome. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

olfactory g>receptorg>, family 51, subfamily A, member 2

Olfactory g>receptorg>s interact with odorant molecules in the nose, to initiate a neuronal response that trig>gg>g>gg>ers the perception of a smell. The olfactory g>receptorg> proteins are members of a larg>gg>e family of g>Gg>-g>protein-coupledg> g>receptorg>s (g>Gg>PCR) arising>gg> from sing>gg>le coding>gg>-exon g>gg>enes. Olfactory g>receptorg>s share a 7-transmembrane domain structure with many neurotransmitter and hormone g>receptorg>s and are responsible for the recog>gg>nition and g>Gg> protein-mediated transduction of odorant sig>gg>nals. The olfactory g>receptorg> g>gg>ene family is the larg>gg>est in the g>gg>enome. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

olfactory g>receptorg>, family 7, subfamily E, member 105 pseudog>gg>ene

Olfactory g>receptorg>s interact with odorant molecules in the nose, to initiate a neuronal response that trig>gg>g>gg>ers the perception of a smell. The olfactory g>receptorg> proteins are members of a larg>gg>e family of g>Gg>-g>protein-coupledg> g>receptorg>s (g>Gg>PCR) arising>gg> from sing>gg>le coding>gg>-exon g>gg>enes. Olfactory g>receptorg>s share a 7-transmembrane domain structure with many neurotransmitter and hormone g>receptorg>s and are responsible for the recog>gg>nition and g>Gg> protein-mediated transduction of odorant sig>gg>nals. The olfactory g>receptorg> g>gg>ene family is the larg>gg>est in the g>gg>enome. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

vomeronasal 2 g>receptorg> 18 pseudog>gg>ene

vomeronasal 1 g>receptorg> 66 pseudog>gg>ene

olfactory g>receptorg>, family 7, subfamily E, member 53 pseudog>gg>ene

Olfactory g>receptorg>s interact with odorant molecules in the nose, to initiate a neuronal response that trig>gg>g>gg>ers the perception of a smell. The olfactory g>receptorg> proteins are members of a larg>gg>e family of g>Gg>-g>protein-coupledg> g>receptorg>s (g>Gg>PCR) arising>gg> from sing>gg>le coding>gg>-exon g>gg>enes. Olfactory g>receptorg>s share a 7-transmembrane domain structure with many neurotransmitter and hormone g>receptorg>s and are responsible for the recog>gg>nition and g>Gg> protein-mediated transduction of odorant sig>gg>nals. The olfactory g>receptorg> g>gg>ene family is the larg>gg>est in the g>gg>enome. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]